scholarly journals Mhc-B haplotypes in “Campero-Inta” chicken synthetic line

2019 ◽  
Vol 98 (11) ◽  
pp. 5281-5286 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gabriela M Iglesias ◽  
Zulma E Canet ◽  
Horacio Cantaro ◽  
María C Miquel ◽  
Julián E Melo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Synthetic Line

Selection for lean growth rate and correlated responses in litter traits in a synthetic line of Yorkshire-Meishan pigs

2001 ◽  
Vol 81 (2) ◽  
pp. 205-214 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Chen ◽  
T. J. Baas ◽  
J. C. M. Dekkers ◽  
L. L. Christian
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Regression Coefficients ◽  
Correlated Response ◽  
Selection Line ◽  
Control Line ◽  
Correlated Responses ◽  
Lean Growth ◽  
Litter Traits ◽  
Selection For ◽  
Synthetic Line

Selection for lean growth rate (LGR) was conducted for four generations in a synthetic line of Yorkshire-Meishan pigs to study the effectiveness of selection for LGR and correlated responses in litter traits. Lean growth rate was estimated from ultrasound measurements of 10th-rib backfat thickness and longissimus muscle area. In the selection line, 7 boars and 20 gilts with the highest LGR were selected to produce the next generation. The generation interval was 13 mo and the average selection differential per generation was 1.1 phenotypic standard deviation units. A contemporaneous control line was maintained by randomly selecting 5 boars and 15 gilts. Data from a total of 1057 pigs sired by 58 boars and out of 133 sows were available from the two lines. Selection responses were estimated from deviations of the selection line from the control line using least squares (LS) and by multiple trait derivative-free restricted maximum likelihood analysis using an animal model (AM). The estimate of response to selection per generation using LS was 9.4 ± 0.95 g d–1 for LGR. The corresponding estimate from the AM was 9.8 ± 0.51 g d–1. Correlated responses in litter traits were regressed on generation. For the LS method, regression coefficients were negative but not significant (P > 0.05) for total number born, number born alive, and number at 21 d and at 42 d. Significant, positive correlated responses occurred in 42-d litter weight and 21-d piglet weight (P < 0.05). For the AM method, the regression coefficients were also negative, but were not significant (P > 0.05) for numberalive at birth, at 21 d, and at 42 d. A significant positive correlated response occurred only for 42-d litter weight (P < 0.05). Although results are based on a population of limited size, it can be concluded that selection for LGR in a synthetic line is effective and should have little effect on litter traits. Key words: Pigs, selection, lean growth rate, correlated response

PSIII-9 The Effect of Sire Line on Reproductive Performance During Lactation

2021 ◽  
Vol 99 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 169-169
Author(s):  
H Manu ◽  
M Fletcher ◽  
K Fang ◽  
Sudario Roberto Silva Junior ◽  
J Dunkelberger ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Performance ◽  
Large White ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Genetic Source ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
Line P ◽  
Synthetic Line

Abstract The objective of this study was to estimate the effect of sire line on sow and piglet performance during lactation. Commercial Landrace x Large White females (n = 60) were bred to one of the following sire lines: a purebred Duroc line (Line S1), a synthetic (Line S2), or purebred Duroc (Line S3) from a different genetic source. Matings were balanced by line and parity. Females were fed a common gestation and lactation diet during these respective phases. Sow and piglet data were analyzed as a completely randomized design using the GLM procedure of SAS. Results show that, during lactation, females bred to line S3 lost significantly (P = 0.01) more BW (-16.93 ± 3.56 kg) than females bred to line S2 (-2.00 ± 3.50 kg). However, no evidence of a difference (P = 0.18) in BW loss was detected between females bred to line S3 (-16.93 ± 3.56 kg) vs. Line S1 (-7.90 ± 3.56 kg). Further, sows bred to line S3 weaned significantly (P = 0.03) more piglets (12.0 ± 0.28) than females bred to line S2 (10.9 ± 0.27), but not (P = 0.1) compared to females bred to line S1 (11.7 ± 0.27). No significant effect of line (P &gt; 0.05) or parity (P &gt; 0.05) on total number of piglet’s born, number born alive, number of stillborn piglets, or preweaning mortality was detected. The number of mummified fetus tended to be lower in line S2 (0.17 vs 0.66; P = 0.079) and line S3 (0.12 vs 0.66; P = 0.051) sows compared with line S1 sows, respectively. In conclusion, sire line did not have a significant effect on total number born, number born alive, number stillborn, or preweaning mortality. However, females bred to line S3 lost significantly more BW during lact but weaned significantly more piglets than females bred to line S2.

LINE-OF-MALE EFFECTS ON LIFETIME PERFORMANCE IN MICE

1985 ◽  
Vol 65 (2) ◽  
pp. 333-340
Author(s):  
J. NAGAI ◽  
A. J. McALLISTER ◽  
J. MASAKI
Keyword(s):  
Total Weight ◽  
Lifetime Data ◽  
Hybrid Male ◽  
Lifetime Performance ◽  
Group I ◽  
Reproductive Life ◽  
Group Ii ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Generation Line ◽  
Synthetic Line

Six straight-bred lines of mice were used both as straight-bred (STR) lines and to set up five crisscross (CC) lines (classes) and five repeat hybrid male cross (RHMC) lines, (classes). Females in each line were pair-mated with either males of the same line (group I) or males from a synthetic line (group II). Pairs were maintained for up to 155 days after mating (lifetime). Data from six generations were analyzed to examine differences between group I and group II in lifetime performance for each line in each generation. Line-of-male effects for the above difference (group I–Group II) expressed as a percentage of the average of group I and group II means were, under CC, RHMC and STR, −11, +5 and −2 for number of parturitions during 155 days, −12, +3, and −7 for total number of young born alive, −12, + 2 and −8 for total weight of young born alive, −12, +3 and −8 for total number of young at weaning, −11, +2 and −8 for total weight of young at weaning and −8, +3 and −1 for actual days of reproductive life, respectively. Lifetime performance of females differed depending on males used for mating, and F1 males were superior to males from the synthetic line which excelled males from straight-bred lines. Key words: Male, lifetime performance, reproduction, mice

scholarly journals Radiative-transfer modelling of funnel flows

2007 ◽  
Vol 3 (S243) ◽  
pp. 83-94
Author(s):  
Tim J. Harries
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Methods ◽  
Radiative Transfer ◽  
Emission Line ◽  
Main Sequence ◽  
Line Profiles ◽  
Stellar Radius ◽  
Transfer Modelling ◽  
Synthetic Line ◽  
Made In ◽  
Geometry And Kinematics

AbstractEmission line profiles from pre-main-sequence objects accreting via magnetically-controlled funnel flows encode information on the geometry and kinematics of the material on stellar radius scales. In order to extract this information it is necessary to perform radiative-transfer modelling of the gas to produce synthetic line profiles. In this review I discuss the physics that needs to be included in such models, and the numerical methods and assumptions that are used to render the problem tractable. I review the progress made in the field over the last decade, and summarize the main successes and failures of the modelling work.

scholarly journals Litter size components traits in two Algerian rabbit lines

2021 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 51
Author(s):  
Rafik Belabbas ◽  
Maria de la Luz García ◽  
Hacina AinBaziz ◽  
Ali Berbar ◽  
Maria José Argente
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Litter Size ◽  
Principal Components ◽  
Local Population ◽  
The Body ◽  
Ovulation Rate ◽  
Phenotypic Correlation ◽  
Limiting Factor ◽  
Corpora Lutea ◽  
Synthetic Line

<p>The aim of this study was to estimate the limiting litter size components in rabbit females from a Synthetic line (n=32) and a Local population (n=34). Ovulation rate, number of implanted and live embryos were counted by laparoscopy at 12 d after mating. Prolificacy (total newborn, number born alive and mortality) and embryonic, foetal and prenatal survival at day of birth of the 3<sup>rd</sup> gestation were measured. The analysed traits were body weight of the female at mating, ovulation rate, implanted, live and resorbed embryos, embryonic, foetal and prenatal survival, as well as total newborn, number born alive and mortality at birth. Synthetic line females had a higher ovulation rate compared to the Local population (11.03±0.23 vs. 8.41±0.23 corpora lutea; <em>P</em>&lt;0.0001). Synthetic line displayed a higher number of implanted embryos (10.00±0.25 vs. 7.85±0.25 embryos; <em>P</em>&lt;0.0001). No difference was found between groups for number of resorbed embryos. Similar embryonic, foetal and prenatal survival rates were reported between the Synthetic line and the Local population. Additionally, total newborn was higher in the Synthetic line than in the Local population (+1.46 kits; <em>P</em>&lt;0.05). A principal components analysis was performed. The first four principal components (PC) explained more than 90% of the total variation in both lines. Total newborn, number born alive and live embryos were the main variables defining the 1<sup>st</sup> PC. Resorbed embryos and foetal survival were located in the 2<sup>nd</sup> PC. Ovulation rate and embryonic survival were the predominant variables defining the 3<sup>rd</sup> PC. The body weight of females was located in the 4<sup>th</sup> PC. The phenotypic correlation between total newborn and its components were high and positive in both lines, except for ovulation rate and total newborn, where it was moderate in Synthetic line. In conclusion, the females from Synthetic line have a higher total newborn than those from Local population, as a consequence of a higher number of released oocytes and embryos that successfully reach implantation. However, a higher uterine crowding in Synthetic line seems to limit survival of foetuses that reach term of gestation, while ovulation rate is the principal limiting factor of total newborn in Local population.</p>

Phenotypic and genetic parameters for lamb weights in a synthetic line of sheep

1980 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 261-269 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. G. Martin ◽  
D. I. Sales ◽  
C. Smith ◽  
D. Nicholson
Keyword(s):  
Least Squares ◽  
Genetic Parameters ◽  
Genetic Correlations ◽  
Animal Breeding ◽  
Research Organization ◽  
Correction Factors ◽  
Component Method ◽  
Breeding Research ◽  
Selection For ◽  
Synthetic Line

ABSTRACTData on 2120 lambs produced over 7 years in the Animal Breeding Research Organization synthetic Dam Line (49% Finn, 22% East Friesian, 16 % Border Leicester and 13 % Dorset Horn) were analysed by least squares. The effects of sex, age of dam, year of birth, birthrearing class, and age of lamb on weights at birth and at 4, 8, 12 and 16 weeks of age were all appreciable. However, pooled within-year correction factors should be adequate in adjusting records for selection. Heritability estimates for weights at the five ages ranged from 0·17 to 0·24 by the sire component method and from 0·18 to 0·28 by regression of offspring on dam. Previous reports of differences in heritability in singles and in twins were not confirmed. Estimates of the genetic correlations among the various lamb weights were high (0·62 to 1·04) indicating that selection for weight at one age should result in increased weights at all ages.

Phenotypic and genetic parameters for reproductive performance in a synthetic line of sheep

1981 ◽  
Vol 96 (1) ◽  
pp. 107-113 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. G. Martin ◽  
D. Nicholson ◽  
C. Smith ◽  
D. I. Sales
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Performance ◽  
Genetic Parameters ◽  
Genetic Correlations ◽  
Reproductive Traits ◽  
Direct Selection ◽  
Sex Distribution ◽  
Regression Methods ◽  
Litter Weight ◽  
Heritability Estimates ◽  
Synthetic Line

SUMMARYData on 902 ewes (1755 records) bom over 7 years in the synthetic ABRO Dam Line were analysed by least squares. Reproductive traits of the ewe were not affected by whether she was a single or a twin or by the age of her dam. Ewe age had major effects on all reproductive traits. Litter weight traits were affected by the sex distribution and the age of the litter when weighed.Heritability estimates, both by half sib and regression methods, were low for litter size, low to moderate for litter weights, and higher for ewe and fleece weights. Genetic correlations among the litter-weight traits were high. Together with the heritability estimates, they indicated that selection on litter weight at birth (and perhaps other traits) might give a greater change in total litter weight at weaning, the main measure of ewe productivity and the objective in improvement, than would direct selection.

138 Associations of sperm head morphometrics with quality parameters of frozen-thawed ram semen

2020 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 195
Author(s):  
J. Navaranjan ◽  
J. Szymanowicz ◽  
M. Murawski ◽  
T. Schwarz ◽  
P. M. Bartlewski
Keyword(s):  
Alkaline Phosphatase ◽  
Survival Time ◽  
Aspartate Aminotransferase ◽  
Sperm Quality ◽  
Sperm Head ◽  
Head Length ◽  
Cell Membrane Permeability ◽  
Sperm Length ◽  
Progressive Motility ◽  
Synthetic Line

Current methods of mammalian semen evaluation focus on determining spermatozoa motility, concentration, mitochondrial status, and nucleus or chromatin structure integrity, quantifying their ability to bind to ova or measuring seminal plasma content of various biochemical markers. However, there is a paucity of studies that address relationships between sperm head morphometry (the external shape and dimensions of the sperm) and fertilising ability. Sperm head morphometrics are influenced by many molecular and biochemical factors such as genetics, DNA or protein condensation, and cell membrane permeability, all of which can affect semen viability. The objective of this experimental work was to determine quantitative correlations between sperm head dimensions and various indices of sperm quality in frozen-thawed ram semen. Ejaculates were collected from 16 clinically healthy rams (4 Polish Lowland (PON), 4 Olkuska, 5 synthetic line BCP (Berrichon du Cher×Charolais×PON/Polish Merino), and 3 synthetic line SCP (Suffolk×Charolais×PON/Polish Merino) aged 4-12 years) into an artificial vagina in the middle portion of the breeding season. Ejaculates from each ram were divided into two equal portions, diluted with a commercial semen extender prepared in deionised water or nanowater (water declusterised using cold plasma treatment) to a final concentration of 400×106 spermatozoamL−1, and frozen in 0.25-mL plastic straws. After 6 months of being cryogenically preserved, semen samples were thawed and used for the preparation of smears stained with eosin or SpermBlue. Images of the samples containing at least 100 spermatozoa were taken under 200× magnification and used for determination of sperm head morphology with the image analytical software Image Pro Plus (Media Cybernetics Inc.). Sperm progressive motility and survival time, as well as extender concentrations of alkaline phosphatase and aspartate aminotransferase, were measured. Finally, 128 BCP ewes were inseminated laparoscopically with the ram semen and fertility parameters were recorded. The present data were analysed using a multivariate analysis of variance in SAS (SAS Institute Inc.) and Spearman correlation tests. There were no significant effects or interactions of breed, staining method, or extender diluent on sperm head dimensions (head length, width, area, perimeter, and roundness). The mean head length was negatively correlated (P&lt;0.05) with the percentages of spermatozoa with vacuolated, detached, or amorphous heads or small acrosomes; thick and thin midpiece defects, distal droplet, broken tail plus distal droplet, short tail plus distal droplet, and thick midpiece plus proximal droplet; and sperm progressive motility. In addition, sperm head roundness was negatively correlated with the proportion of spermatozoa with coiled tails. There were no correlations of sperm head dimensions with survival time, alkaline phosphatase and aspartate aminotransferase concentrations, or conception and pregnancy rates of artificially inseminated ewes. Sperm length and roundness (but no other measurements) were significantly correlated with segmental sperm defects and motility that may impinge the fertilising ability of frozen-thawed ram semen.

scholarly journals The Effect of Noise and Finite Sampling on the Line Profile Variations of m = 0 Modes

2000 ◽  
Vol 176 ◽  
pp. 383-383
Author(s):  
M. H. Montgomery
Keyword(s):  
Phase Shift ◽  
Signal To Noise Ratio ◽  
Mode Frequency ◽  
Line Profiles ◽  
Signal To Noise ◽  
A Value ◽  
Scuti Star ◽  
Finite Sampling ◽  
Sampling Times ◽  
Synthetic Line

Figure 1 is of the same form as Fig. 3 in Schrijvers et al. (1997): the upper part of each panel is the amplitude of the variation across the line at the mode frequency and the lower part is the phase shift of these two components across the line (in units of Φ). The parameters {Vavg, k, Ω/ω0, W} were chosen to have values representative of the δ Scuti star 4 CVn. Each panel in this array of plots has m=0, with a value of ∓ of 0, 1, or 2, and an inclination angle θi between 10° and 80°. In order to generate the synthetic line profiles, we use sampling times taken from the last week of the 1996 δ Scuti campaign on 4 CVn, and we assume that the signal-to-noise ratio of the spectrum is 250.

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