scholarly journals Qualitative characteristics of population and the state of the economy: analysis of certain groups of Russian regions

POPULATION ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 16-24
Author(s):  
Yelena V. Ryumina
Keyword(s):  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Russian Regions ◽  
North Caucasus ◽  
The Third ◽  
The North ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Qualitative Characteristics ◽  
Monetary Income ◽  
Population Quality

According to the previously developed typology of Russian regions by the criteria of population quality, the regions were divided into ten groups. A detailed analysis of each group allows determining possible ways to improve the quality of the population in the Russian regions. This article begins to present the cycle of such studies with the analysis of three smallest groups: the first group includes Moscow and St. Petersburg, the second — the Republic of Dagestan, the Republic of Ingushetia, the Chechen Republic, the third — Nenets, Khanty-Mansi, Yamalo-Nenets autonomous okrugs and the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia). The first group of regions is the most prosperous in terms of quality characteristics of the population, here the main problem is the low natural growth of the population. The specificity of the North Caucasus republics in this aspect lies in high indicators of population quality with low material living standards that contradicts the previously statistically confirmed hypothesis of strong impact of quality of life on population quality. The conclusion has been made about high importance of national culture and traditions in these regions. At the same time, comparison of these republics among themselves has shown that traditions in some of them are weakening, and more attention should be paid to economic factors — monetary income, poverty and unemployment rates. These problems in the North Caucasus regions are in line with the theory of multilevel economy, and their solution requires restructuring of the economy on the basis of its technological and technical re-equipment. In the third group, on the contrary, high monetary income is accompanied by poor qualitative characteristics of the population, especially by rates of alcoholism and drug addiction. These phenomena are correlated with the level of unemployment, the growth of which is caused not only by the global crisis processes in the development of the oil and gas sector, but also by the depletion of highly profitable deposits in the Northern regions of the country, the need to develop hard-to-reach and hardly removable sources of oil and gas. The solution may be to change the structure of the economy of these regions in the direction of development of the natural raw materials processing sector.

scholarly journals Agrobiological Assessment of Varieties and Some Methods of Growing Garlic in the Forest-steppe Zone of the Republic of Ingushetia

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
B B Galaev ◽  
M A Bazgiev ◽  
K Sh Badurgova ◽  
I A Gutseriev ◽  
M Kh Gandarov
Keyword(s):  
Steppe Zone ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
North Caucasus ◽  
Potential Productivity ◽  
The North ◽  
Planting Material ◽  
Cultivation Technology ◽  
The Republic

Increasing production and improving the quality of garlic products is an important production problem. Under the conditions of the vertical zonality of the North Caucasus with varying agroecological conditions, the yield of this crop largely depends on the technology of cultivation and the level of its intensity. Important factors determining the yield and quality of garlic products are varieties adapted to these agro-climatic conditions, quality planting material, cultivation technology that meets the requirements of the crop and the agro-climatic conditions of the region. Currently, the potential productivity of the varieties used in the republic is realized only by 30-40 percent. This is due to the insufficient development of technologies for their cultivation, taking into account the specific environmental conditions of the region. In this regard, research aimed at studying the basic laws of the formation of yield and product quality varieties of garlic is a pressing issue.

scholarly journals Personality traits of law enforcement officers serving in the North Caucasus region

2021 ◽  
pp. 30-37
Author(s):  
Kristina Zhuk ◽  
Tatyana Maltseva
Keyword(s):  
Law Enforcement ◽  
Personality Traits ◽  
Stable State ◽  
Law Enforcement Officers ◽  
North Caucasus ◽  
Caucasus Region ◽  
The North ◽  
The Republic ◽  
High Level

When performing tasks by an employee in special conditions of service, not only professional qualities and compliance with qualification requirements, but also a psychologically stable state (psychological readiness to act in extreme situations, neuropsychic stability, mental adaptation, etc.) play an important role. The purpose of the study was to study the personality traits of employees of the internal affairs bodies of the Russian Federation serving in the North Caucasus region. In the study, we used the following empirical methods: G. Shmishek's questionnaire for adults, the forecast (Prognoz) -1 questionnaire (express assessment of neuropsychic stability), a modified (extended) version of the ITO questionnaire (KV Sugonyaev's modification). In total, 184 employees who served in the Republic of Dagestan in 2019-2020 took part in the study. For situational reasons, this sample was divided into three subgroups: 45 employees, 79 employees and 60 employees. In the process of selecting employees sent to the North Caucasus region, it is necessary to study the characteristics of neuropsychic stability, character accentuations, the level of anxiety, behavior, this will make it possible to predict the quality of training of law enforcement officers, the reliability of the employee's behavior, and contribute to his success in stressful conditions. For the purposes of primary prevention, employees for whom a high level of anxiety is characteristic, a low level of neuropsychic stability should be excluded from those sent on business trips to special conditions of service.

Features seed the resumption of alpine maple

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Х.М. Хетагуров
Keyword(s):  
Setting Time ◽  
Northern Caucasus ◽  
Average Score ◽  
North Caucasus ◽  
The Third ◽  
The North ◽  
Seed Origin ◽  
North Ossetia ◽  
Vegetative Origin ◽  
Upper Boundary

Кленовники Северного Кавказа – особый тип лесных формаций. Особенность проявляется не только в структуре фитоценозов, но и в способах самовозобновления. Объект исследования – чистые и смешанные кленовники в нескольких урочищах РСО-Алания. Объекты расположены в различных условиях горного рельефа и на разной высоте над уровнем моря, от 1100 до 1900 м. Целью исследования является установление особенностей семенного возобновления кленовников, произрастающих в верхнем поясе распространения лесов на Северном Кавказе. Для достижения поставленной цели устанавливали время цветения и созревания семян по вертикальным поясам распространения кленовников. Обилие цветения и средний балл плодоношения устанавливали по В.Г. Капперу. Биометрические характеристики семян определяли по урочищам в трех повторностях. Учет подроста проводили на круговых учетных площадках по 10 м2, в соответствии с методикой А.В. Грязькина. Установлено, что цветение клена Траутфеттера начинается 10–14 мая и заканчивается в третьей декаде мая. Семена начинают созревать к концу августа – к началу сентября. Сроки опадения семян растянуты. Часть семян попадает на почву до начала листопада, поэтому они оказываются погребенными под опадом. Такие семена быстро теряют всхожесть, выпревают. Другая часть опадает вместе с листьями. Третья категория семян (самые легкие) держатся на деревьях до декабря и даже до весны. Естественное возобновление клена семенами под пологом материнского древостоя сильно затруднено из-за мощного травяного покрова. В древостое с сомкнутым пологом доля цветущих и плодоносящих деревьев составляет 2–3%, а средний балл плодоношения составляет 1,3. Освещенность на поверхности почвы не превышает 100 люкс, т. е. составляет 0,2–0,3% от освещенности на открытом месте; на высоте 1,3 м (над травостоем) освещенность несколько выше – от 1,2 до 1,6 тыс. люкс. Под пологом древостоя преобладает подрост вегетативного происхождения. У верхней границы кленового леса подрост семенного происхождения встречается в окнах, прогалинах и на открытых местах в количестве 430–630 экз./га. По высоте преобладает крупный подрост 50–60%, доля мелкого – 10–20%. The maple stands of the North Caucasus – a special type of forest formations. The peculiarity is manifested not only in the structure of phytocoenoses, but also in the ways of self-renewing. Object of research – pure and mixed maple stands in some areas of North Ossetia-Alania. The properties are located in various mountainous terrain and at different heights above sea level from 1100 to 1900 m. The aim of the study is to establish the characteristics of the seed the resumption of the maple stands growing in the upper belt of forests spread in the Northern Caucasus. To achieve this goal setting time of flowering and ripening of seeds on vertical zones distribution dominated. The abundance of flowering and the average score of fruiting was established by V.G. Capper. Biometric characteristics of the seeds was determined by the tracts in three replicates. Accounting for the undergrowth was carried out on a circular experimental plots at 10 m2, in accordance with the method of A.V. Grashkin. It is established that the flowering maple Trautvetter begins may 10–14 and ends in the third week of may. Seeds begin to ripen by late August – early September. The timing of subsidence of the stretched seed. Some of the seeds falls to the ground before the leaves, so they are trapped under the litter. These seeds quickly lose their germination, vypivaet. The other part falls along with the leaves. The third category of seeds (the light) stay on the trees until December and even till spring. Natural regeneration of maple seeds under the canopy of parent stand is very difficult due to the strong grass cover. In forest stands with dense canopy, proportion of flowering and fruit-bearing trees is 2–3%, and the average score of fruiting is 1.3. The illumination on the surface of the soil does not exceed 100 Lux, i. e. 0.2–0.3% of the light in the open, at a height of 1.3 m (on grass) the lighting is slightly higher, from 1.2 to 1.6 thousand Suite. Under the canopy of the forest the undergrowth is dominated by vegetative origin. At the upper boundary of the maple forest, saplings of seed origin occurs in Windows, clearings and open places in the number 430–630 ind./ha. In height dominated by large undergrowth of 50–60%, the share of small – 10–20%.

scholarly journals Ethnopolitical Tensions and Assessment of the Possibility of Ethnic-National Conflicts

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 22-39
Author(s):  
Vitaly N. Naydenko
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Social Situation ◽  
Russian Society ◽  
North Caucasus ◽  
Tension Development ◽  
Caucasus Region ◽  
The North ◽  
The Usa ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
The Republic

The article examines the problems of open and latent ethnonational tension in Russian society, which in the conditions of aggravation of the social situation, may lead to the use of spontaneous methods of solving ethnonational conflicts, including those of a violent nature. A survey of 20 experts, who are qualified specialists in the sphere of ethno-extremism counteraction and ethno-national conflict localization, conducted by the author of the article, has shown that the majority of them have assessed both the current and forecasted situation in the sphere of ethnonational relations as “tense” for the next five to seven years. In their opinion, “ethnonational tension” is conditioned by a number of long-term factors that will influence the content and dynamics of ethnonational conflict in the Russian Federation: the desire of the USA for global dominance and the confrontational policy of NATO member states towards Russia; the antiRussian policy of the Ukrainian leadership, which is attempting to accuse Russia of “unleashing and waging a hybrid war against Ukraine” and actively pushing Western countries to strengthen confrontation with the Russian Federation; attempts by some states to bring territorial claims against Russia; intensification of the fight against embezzlement of budgetary funds, systemic corruption and ethno-extremist manifestations in the North Caucasus region; the ethnopolitical situation in the Republic of Crimea, characterized by manifestations of Ukrainian nationalism and militant Islamism. According to expert estimates, the highest degree of ethnonational tension is currently maintained in the Republic of Dagestan, the Republic of Ingushetia, the Kabardino-Balkarian Republic, the Karachayevo-Circassian Republic, the Republic of Crimea, the Republic of Bashkortostan and the Republic of Tatarstan. The results of research in the article testify to the necessity of constant study of the problem of ethnonational conflicts, research into the factors influencing the maintenance and dynamics of conflict potential, definition of Russian regions with an increased level of tension, development of recommendations to authorities on prevention and localization of ethnonational conflicts.

scholarly journals 42 Genetic differentiation of Russian goats and wild relatives based on microsatellite loci

2020 ◽  
Vol 98 (Supplement_4) ◽  
pp. 19-20
Author(s):  
Marina I Selionova ◽  
Magomet M Aibazov ◽  
Tatyana V Mamontova ◽  
Sergey N Petrov ◽  
Veronica R Kharzinova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Distances ◽  
Wild Relatives ◽  
Hybrid Zones ◽  
Sample Collection ◽  
North Caucasus ◽  
Genetic Characteristics ◽  
The Third ◽  
The North ◽  
Central Caucasus ◽  
Capra Aegagrus

Abstract Goat breeding is a traditional livestock industry for many regions of Russia. Due to unpretentiousness and high adaptive qualities, the Karachai, Dagestan wool and Dagestan down breeds are widespread in the North Caucasus. Moreover, their uniqueness is determined by sharing a common habitat with their wild relatives, West Caucasian and Dagestani turs, thus forming hybrid zones. The aim of the research was to study allele pool and interbreed differentiation of domestic goat breeds and wild relatives by microsatellites. Research was performed based on 16 loci on the ABI 3130xl analyzer. Population genetic characteristics were calculated in GenAlEx 6.5, and the phylogenetic tree was constructed in Populations 1.2.30 and SplitsTree 4.14.5. The sample collection included goat breeds (n = 226): Karachai (KRCH), Dagestan down (DAGD), Dagestan wool (DAGW) (North Caucasus), Soviet wool (SOVW) (Siberia), Orenburg (OREN) (South Ural), and wild goats (n = 72). Wild goats comprised mountain goats: Siberian goats (Capra sibirica) from the Altai, Tajikistan, Kyrgyzstan and the Himalayas; bezoar goats (Capra aegagrus) from Turkey and Pakistan; and tur (Capra caucasica) from the West Caucasus (Kuban), Central Caucasus, and East Caucasus (Dagestan). The Karachai breed was characterized by the highest level of genetic diversity: the average number of alleles per locus (NA) and allelic richness (AR) were 9,154 and 7,713, respectively, while these indices varied from 6,538 to 7,538 and from 6,425 to 7,538 (Table 1) in other breeds, respectively. The values of genetic distances showed differentiation of Karachai, Dagestan down and Dagestan wool breeds from Orenburg and Soviet wool breeds (Table 2). The formation of three clusters was established. The first one included subspecies of the Caucasian tur, the second one comprised Siberian goats, and the third contained domestic goats. Bezoar goats were in the root of the third cluster that confirmed their participation as an ancestral form of domestic goats.

scholarly journals UNDERGROUND BURIALS OF THE ANCIENT MINGACHEVIR (SAMUNIS)

2019 ◽  
pp. 21-26
Author(s):  
Emin Vagif Mammadov
Keyword(s):  
Scientific Information ◽  
Local Population ◽  
First Century ◽  
Historical Period ◽  
North Caucasus ◽  
South Caucasus ◽  
The Third ◽  
The North ◽  
Funerary Rituals ◽  
Underground Burial

The article is dedicated to the analysis of archeological excavation as a result of researches discovered in the Mingachevir conducted in the middle of the 20th century of the different type of underground burials of the ancient period. These burials are covered the significant historical period from the second half of the 1st millenium and the first century AD and are the important source of the scientific information on many issues of material and spiritual culture of the population of Caucasus Albania. Underground burials of the ancient period in the Mingachevir zone by the method of placing the deceased in them are divided into three types: 1) burials with a backbone stretched out on the back; 2) burials with a weakly crouched skeleton on the left or right side; 3) burials with a heavily crouched skeleton on the left or right side. The article gives a detailed analysis of all these three types of burials. The author of the article, along with a number of other researchers come to the conclusion that the first type of underground burial is considered to be innovation for the whole of the South Caucasus and its emergence is associated with the penetration of mobile tribes from the North Caucasus in particular the Scythian. Part of these Scythians finally settled in the Mingachevir zone and subsequently merged with the local population, which eventually leads to the appearance of a second type of underground burial in the form of underground graves with poorly crouched skeleton. The third type of underground burial of Mingachevir (Samunis) of the ancient period, namely burials with a heavily crouched skeleton belong to local autochthonous tribes, consolidation of which became the basis for the formation of the state of Caucasian Albania in the 4th – 3rd centuries BC. This type of underground burial has deep local roots and is based on centuries-old local funerary rituals.

Accommodation and Welfare of the Special Settlers of Kuban in the 1930s (on the Example of Karaganda Region)

Istoriya ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (10 (108)) ◽  
pp. 0
Author(s):  
Arailym Mussagaliyeva
Keyword(s):  
Living Arrangements ◽  
Modern Science ◽  
The State ◽  
State Archive ◽  
North Caucasus ◽  
Contingent Labor ◽  
The North ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Karaganda Region

The article is devoted to the history of the special settlers of the North Caucasus, including their placement and living arrangements in the of Central and Northern Kazakhstan, including on of the Karaganda region. The main attention in the article is paid to a special contingent, labor settlers from the Kuban in 1932—1933. Their history in modern science has not yet been studied. The article uses archival documents of the central, regional and local archives of Kazakhstan, including the Archive of the President of the Republic of Kazakhstan, the State Archive of the Karaganda Region, the State Archive of the Akmola Region, the State Archive of the Social and Political History of the Turkestan Region, the State Archive of the city of Temirtau, the State Archive of the Osakarovsky District of the Karaganda Region, the State archive of the Shortandy district of the Akmola region. Published documents in collections of documents from Russia and Kazakhstan were analyzed.

A comprehensive analysis of conditions and features of oil-and-gas content within the Akhlovskaya structural zone (the North Caucasus)

2021 ◽  
pp. 25-38
Author(s):  
I. I. Bosikov ◽  
A. I. Mazko ◽  
A. V. Mayer ◽  
O. V. Gagarina
Keyword(s):  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Gas Content ◽  
North Caucasus ◽  
Reservoir Properties ◽  
Resource Base ◽  
Entire Area ◽  
The North ◽  
Urgent Task ◽  
Porosity Coefficient ◽  
Saturated Thickness

At the present stage, the development of the oil industry of the Russian Federation is impossible without replenishing the resource base, and therefore an urgent task is to analyze and assess the conditions and characteristics of oil-andgas content in unexplored regions.Purpose of the study is an analysis and an assessment of reservoir properties of rocks of the Aptian horizon Р1+2- К2 within the Akhlovskaya structure.We analyzed the graphs of the distribution of indicators in wells R-212 and R-213 in the Akhlovsky area and concluded that the reservoir is heterogeneous, and there are interlayers of mudstones with other reservoir properties and geophysical characteristics. The following pairs of parameters (porosity coefficient and oil-saturated thickness of rocks, rock resistivity and porosity coefficient, rock resistivity and oil-saturated thickness of rocks) have a significant positive correlation. Having studied the distribution of indicators in the Akhlovsky area for wells R-212 and R-213 along one horizon, we concluded that these indicators differ very slightly, which indicates the homogeneity of the reservoir properties. Qualitative indicators Qualitative indicators don't change. Thus, we can expect similar indicators within the entire area of the explored layer Р1+2- К2 in the territory of the Akhlovsky area.

BIRCH FORESTS WITH RHODODENDRON CAUCASICUM (ERICACEAE) IN THE CENTRAL AND EASTERN PART OF THE NORTH CAUCASUS

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 46-56
Author(s):  
D.S. Kessel ◽  
◽  
M.G. Gadzhiataev ◽  
Z.I. Abdurakhmanova ◽  
K.V. Shchukina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biosphere Reserve ◽  
Inverse Correlation ◽  
Dwarf Shrub ◽  
Forest Belt ◽  
High Mountain ◽  
North Caucasus ◽  
Shrub Layer ◽  
The North ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Birch Forests

Birch forests from Betula litwinowii and Betula raddeana of the Northern macroslope of the Greater Caucasus with participation of Rhododendron caucasicum in the undergrowth are discussed in the article. The studies were carried out in 2017–2020 at the territory of Karachay-Cherkessia (Teberda State Natural Biosphere Reserve), Kabardino-Balkaria (Kabardino-Balkarian State High Mountain Reserve) and the Republic of Dagestan (Lak and Gunib districts, near the villages Burshi and Batsada). The characteristics of the growing conditions, analysis of the species and coenotic composition of communities are given. Birch forests with Rh. caucasicum are usually confined to the steep slopes of the northern exposure at the upper border of the forest belt, at an altitude of 1500–2800 m above sea level. The described communities can be divided into two groups depending on abundance and, consequently, influence Rh. caucasicum as an edificator. In the described communities there is a clear inverse correlation between the abundance of Rh. caucasicum with the projective cover of the grass-dwarf shrub layer. At the same time, the number of species in the grass-dwarf shrub layer doesn’t change significantly. The species composition of birch forests with the participation of Rh. caucasicum identified by us comprises 246 species of vascular plants. The herb-dwarf shrub layer is characterized by a relatively low species richness (on average, 26 species per sample plot). In these communities there are both characteristic forest species and representatives of subal-pine and, less often, alpine coenoses. Further study of communities of birch forests, which play sig-nificant water protection role, slope-holding and avalanche-barrier functions, is important for determining their current state, possible directions of changes, and assessing the need for protective measures in different regions.

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