New anthelmintic preparation Unifascide and its efficacy in treatment of fascioliasis in sheep

2020 ◽  
pp. 23-24
Author(s):  
Sadrutdin Sh. Kabardiev ◽  
◽  
Anatoliy M. Bittirov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Contaminated Soil ◽  
Fasciola Hepatica ◽  
Experimental Tests ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Group Method ◽  
North Caucasus ◽  
The North ◽  
Treatment And Prevention ◽  
Urgent Task ◽  
Forest Belts

Sheep fascioliasis occurs with an extent of invasion in the range of 23-38% with an intensity of invasion of 1-48 specimens per animal in the regions of the North Caucasus. The most infested places with trematodes were pastures (84.0% of contaminated soil samples), and small pastures near natural water bodies (73.5% of contaminated soil samples), forest-shrub forb pastures located along the continuation of wind-sheltered forest belts (60.0% of soil samples). Researchers have found that the least contaminated with Fasciola hepatica eggs are herb meadow pastures (35.0% of soil samples) and cultivated pastures made from a mixture of Sudanese grass and clover (12.0% of contaminated soil samples). In samples per 1 g of soil, eggs of trematodes were found on average 113.2±6.0 specimens, that is, 2.4 times more than in feces (on average, 47.3±3.4 specimens per 1 g feces), which indicates the accumulation of viable eggs in biotopes. In this regard, the development of new complex anthelmintic preparation for the treatment and prevention of fascioliasis in sheep remains an urgent task. The authors' research consisted in testing a new complex anthelmintic drug Unifascide for sheep fascioliasis. Experimental tests of the Unifascide preparation for fascioliasis of sheep were carried out on 30 heads using the group method. Experimental and control animals (n = 30) weighing 32-36 kg were divided into 3 groups according to the principle of analogs, 10 animals per a group. Due to the results the degree of extension efficiency was 90.0 and intensity efficiency was 92.5%. The preparation is recommended for implementation in the practice of therapeutic and prophylactic deworming for chronic fascioliasis of sheep.

High Parasitic Contamination of Soil Samples in the North of Iran: a Potential Risk of Parasitic Infection for Tourists

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 ◽  
Author(s):  
Beheshteh Haghparast-kenari ◽  
Tooran Nayeri ◽  
Shahabeddin Sarvi ◽  
Mohammad Taghi Rahimi ◽  
Ehsan Ahmadpour ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Contaminated Soil ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Intestinal Parasites ◽  
Parasitic Infection ◽  
Animal Husbandry ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Human Society ◽  
Public Parks ◽  
The North ◽  
North Of Iran

Background: Soil-transmitted parasites (STPs) are significant intestinal parasites that infect humans and animals and impose considerable burdens on human society and animal husbandry industries. Therefore, the present study aimed to determine the prevalence of parasitic elements of soil samples collected from the north of Iran. Methods: A total of 256 soil samples were collected from public parks, public places, vegetable gardens, sand heaps, and shadow areas near houses in the north of Iran and examined using the sucrose flotation method. Results: Out of 256 examined samples, 131 (51.2%) ones showed parasitic contamination including larvae (43%), oocysts (14.1%), and different eggs (6.6%). According to the results, the most and least common parasites observed in the samples were larvae (43%), as well as Toxascaris leonina, and Trichuris trichiura (0.4%), respectively. Moreover, the most and least contaminated locations were sand heaps (62.5%) and shadow areas near houses (45.6%), respectively. Regarding cities, Behshahr (68.3%) and Sari (67.5%) had the highest contaminated soil samples, whereas Chalus (37.5%) showed the lowest contamination. On the other hand, rural samples showed more contamination, compared to urban areas (P< 0.05). Conclusion: The findings of the present study indicate that the overall prevalence of STPs in examined areas and highly contaminated soil samples can be considered as a potential source of human contamination particularly tourists with STPs.

A comprehensive analysis of conditions and features of oil-and-gas content within the Akhlovskaya structural zone (the North Caucasus)

2021 ◽  
pp. 25-38
Author(s):  
I. I. Bosikov ◽  
A. I. Mazko ◽  
A. V. Mayer ◽  
O. V. Gagarina
Keyword(s):  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Gas Content ◽  
North Caucasus ◽  
Reservoir Properties ◽  
Resource Base ◽  
Entire Area ◽  
The North ◽  
Urgent Task ◽  
Porosity Coefficient ◽  
Saturated Thickness

At the present stage, the development of the oil industry of the Russian Federation is impossible without replenishing the resource base, and therefore an urgent task is to analyze and assess the conditions and characteristics of oil-andgas content in unexplored regions.Purpose of the study is an analysis and an assessment of reservoir properties of rocks of the Aptian horizon Р1+2- К2 within the Akhlovskaya structure.We analyzed the graphs of the distribution of indicators in wells R-212 and R-213 in the Akhlovsky area and concluded that the reservoir is heterogeneous, and there are interlayers of mudstones with other reservoir properties and geophysical characteristics. The following pairs of parameters (porosity coefficient and oil-saturated thickness of rocks, rock resistivity and porosity coefficient, rock resistivity and oil-saturated thickness of rocks) have a significant positive correlation. Having studied the distribution of indicators in the Akhlovsky area for wells R-212 and R-213 along one horizon, we concluded that these indicators differ very slightly, which indicates the homogeneity of the reservoir properties. Qualitative indicators Qualitative indicators don't change. Thus, we can expect similar indicators within the entire area of the explored layer Р1+2- К2 in the territory of the Akhlovsky area.

Ecology and epizootology of trematodosis in cattle, treatment and prevention in dairy cattle farms of Vologda region

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 496-501
Author(s):  
Кряжев ◽  
A Kryazhev
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cattle ◽  
Fasciola Hepatica ◽  
Intermediate Hosts ◽  
Adult Cattle ◽  
Maximum Peak ◽  
Trematode Infection ◽  
Vologda Region ◽  
The North ◽  
Treatment And Prevention ◽  
Cattle Farms

Objective of research: To study the epizootiology of trematodoses of cattle from dairy cattle farms in the Vologda region; to estimate the anthelmintic efficacy of Fascocide, Helmicide, Oxiclozanide, Albendazole, Fezole, Alben. Materials and methods: A preliminary analysis of veterinary reports of the Department of Veterinary Medicine, the regional Stations on Fight against Diseases in Animals, meat-processing plants and slaughter units, Laboratories of Veterinary and Sanitary Expertise was carried out for the period 2005–2009 according to the Forms «1-Vet» and «5-Vet». Coproovoscopic examinations of cattle were conducted monthly to determine seasonal and age dynamics of infection. Biological features of intermediate hosts were studied by standard methods. Fascocide at the dose of 10 mg a.i./kg, Helmicide — 7,5 g/100 kg, Oxiclozanide — 5,25 mg/kg, Albendazole — 15 mg a.i./kg and Alben — 10 mg a.i./kg were used against fasciolosis and paramphistomosis in cattle under production conditions in dairy farms and complexes of Vologda region. Results and discussion: The rates of trematode infection in various climatic and geographic zones of the region are different. The highest level of infection was registered in the North Eastern and South Eastern zones, and the lowest — in the South Western. Adult cattle are infected with Fasciola hepatica, Paramhistomum cervi and P. ichikawai all year round; the maximum peak of infection is registered in winter and spring seasons. First signs of trematode infection in calves of the first grazing season are observed at the beginning of the pasture season, which is the evidence for the overwintering of helminth larvae in intermediate hosts. Trematode infections manifest commonly as mixed infections. First individuals of Lymnaea truncatula and Planorbis planorbis appear in biotopes in the second decade of May, reaching the maximum number in August. Their infection with trematode parthenites is observed in the period from the first half of June to October; the maximum peak of infection — in August. The most effective preparations for dehelmintization against Fasciola spp. and Paramhistomum spp. are Fascocide, Helmicide and Fezole.

scholarly journals Enhanced Natural Biodegradation of Diesel Fuel Contaminants in Soil by Addition of Whey and Nutrients

2017 ◽  
pp. 1001-1008
Author(s):  
Ana Paola Vilches ◽  
Dan Bylund ◽  
Anders Jonsson
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Fuel ◽  
Contaminated Soil ◽  
Organic Amendments ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Contaminated Site ◽  
Special Treatment ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
The North ◽  
Degradation Rates

The contamination of soils by petroleum hydrocarbons, such as diesel fuel, has since many years been a serious environmental problem. Treatment of contaminated areas is a concern for governments and environmental authorities in several countries and efforts have been done with the purpose to eliminate this problem. Different methods have been tested and today the most common technique involves the excavation and transportation of contaminated soil to special treatment facilities. In earlier studies we have demonstrated the effect of adding organic amendments, such as fermented whey, on the biodegradation of n-alkanes in diesel contaminated soil. Non-fermented sweet whey also proved significantly to enhance the biodegradation of an aromatic substance (phenanthrene) in contaminated soil. The current paper presents the results of an in-situ field test at a former gas station in the north of Sweden. In parallel to the field study, biodegradation profiles were monitored under controlled laboratory conditions by taking soil samples from the contaminated site and spike them with diesel fuel. The experiments were carried out by adding whey and mineral nutrients (NPK) to the test area and to the laboratory samples, and monitor the degradation of hydrocarbons by gas chromatographic analysis of extracted soil samples. Significant effects on the degradation rates were achieved in the laboratory tests. For the in-situ test, however, no such positive effects could be registered.

scholarly journals PROBLEMS AND PROSPECTS OF CROWDSOURCING IMPLEMENTATION IN THE ASSESSMENTS OF RESIDENTS OF THE NCFD MUNICIPALITIES (results of focus groups)

2020 ◽  
pp. 178-182
Author(s):  
С.В. Алиева ◽  
И.В. Долгова ◽  
Н.Н. Киселева
Keyword(s):  
Focus Group ◽  
Focus Groups ◽  
Empirical Data ◽  
Federal District ◽  
Group Method ◽  
North Caucasus ◽  
The North ◽  
Focus Group Method

В статье представлены результаты исследования проблем и перспектив реализации краудсорсинга в муниципальных образованиях СКФО на основе метода фокус-групп. Исследование было нацелено на выявление отношения жителей СКФО к внедрению краудсорсинга в управление муниципальными образованиями, их оценки относительно выбора форм коммуникации, характера мотивов участников и получения эффектов реализации краудсорсинговых проектов. В результате интерпретации полученных эмпирических данных были сделаны обобщения и выполнена систематизация выявленных трендов. The article presents the results of a study of the problems and prospects of crowdsourcing implementation in the municipalities of the North Caucasus Federal District based on the focus group method. The study was aimed at identifying the attitude of residents of the North Caucasus Federal District to the introduction of crowdsourcing in the management of municipalities, their assessment of the choice of forms of communication, the nature of the motives of participants and obtaining the effects of the implementation of crowdsourcing projects. As a result of the interpretation of the obtained empirical data, generalizations were made and the identified trends were systematized.

scholarly journals The Efficacy of the Supramolecular Complex of Ivermectin in Production Conditions Against Gastro-intestinal Nematodosis of Herd Horses

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 104-108
Author(s):  
M. B. Musaev ◽  
V. V. Zashchepkina ◽  
S. V. Vatsaev ◽  
A. Z. Dzhamalova ◽  
M. M. Ilyin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Live Weight ◽  
Physical Exertion ◽  
Federal District ◽  
Supramolecular Complex ◽  
Test Method ◽  
Group Method ◽  
North Caucasus ◽  
The North ◽  
Industrial Injuries ◽  
Production Conditions

The purpose of the research is to test the efficacy of the supramolecular complex of ivermectin against gastro-intestinal nematodes of herd horses under production conditions. Materials and methods. The test of the efficacy of the supramolecular complex of ivermectin was carried out from December 2018 to January 2019 in the North Caucasus Federal District of the Chechen Republic. Two herds of horses of 47 and 54 heads in each of different ages were selected, which were grazed all year round. To determine the infection of horses with nematodes of gastro-intestinal tract, 20 samples of fresh feces from each group were collected from the ground. It was not possible to collect samples from untamed horses to determine the infection by Oxiuris spp. Coproovoscopy was performed using the Fülleborn method. To count eggs in 1 g of faeces, a VIGIS counting chamber was used. The first group was given a 2.0% drug individually in a mixture with food at a dose of 0.15 mg/kg for active substance (AS) (according to the drug 75 mg). The drug was administered to the second group at a dose of 0.2 mg/kg for AS (for the drug 1.0 mg/kg) by the group method in a mixture with food, calculated on a live weight of 500 kg. The efficacy of the drug was determined 2 weeks after deworming according to coproovoscopy data. The efficacy of ivermectin complex was accounted for by the "critical test" method. After deworming, the animals were observed during the experiment. Results and discussion. Dehelminthization of horses with a supramolecular complex of ivermectin at a dose of 0.2 mg/kg for AS in a mixture with mixed feed by a group method for mixed infection of various types of gastro-intestinal nematodes under production conditions showed 100% efficiency. Arabinogalactan in the supramolecular complex helps to eliminate the negative effect of AS (ivermectin) on the animal body. The mixture of the preparation with the food was readily consumed by the horses. Deworming horses of herd keeping with a preparation intended for use in a mixture with feed is technically convenient, practically uncomplicated, and at the same time, physical exertion during fixation of animals and industrial injuries are excluded. We did not observe any side effects after deworming horses.

scholarly journals Study of the Effectiveness of a Supramolecular Complex Based on Albendazole and Triclabendazole (Altric-Extra) Against Nematodes of the Digestive Tract and Fasciola spp. in Sheep Under Production Conditions

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 89-94
Author(s):  
Ekaterina V. Lagereva ◽  
Vladislav E. Abramov ◽  
Mauldi B. Musaev ◽  
Shahab V. Vatsaev ◽  
Aishat Z. Dzhamalova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Digestive Tract ◽  
Federal District ◽  
Gastrointestinal Nematodes ◽  
Supramolecular Complex ◽  
Test Method ◽  
Group Method ◽  
North Caucasus ◽  
Mixed Feed ◽  
The North ◽  
Production Conditions

The purpose of the research is to test the effectiveness of the supramolecular complex of albendazole and triclabendazole (Altric-Extra) in case of fasciolosis and nematodoses of the digestive tract of sheep under production conditions. Materials and methods. The test of the effectiveness of Altrik-Extra was carried out in the North Caucasus Federal District of the Chechen Republic in July 2019 on 205 sheep of the Tushino breed, spontaneously infected by gastrointestinal nematodes and Fasciola sp. Sheep infection with helminths was established by fecal examination by Fülleborn using ammonium nitrate. The average number of helminth eggs in 1 g of feces was determined using a VIGIS camera. Altric-Extra was given at a dose of 5 mg/ kg of AS (2.5 mg of albendazole and triclabendazole respectively) or 50 mg/kg in the preparation in a mixture with mixed feed by the group method. The effectiveness of the drug was determined by the results of fecal studies 14 and 25 days after deworming. After giving the drugs for three days, the clinical condition of the experimental sheep was monitored. Altric-Extra effectiveness was evaluated using the “critical test” method according to the Guidelines approved by the World Association for the Progress of Veterinary Parasitology (1995). Results and discussion. The Altric-Extra supramolecular complex in a therapeutic dose of 5.0 mg/kg of AS (for the preparation of 50 mg/kg) was 100% effective against gastrointestinal nematodes and Fasciola sp. of sheep. The sheep ate a mixture of the preparation with mixed feed; it is convenient to set in a group method; side effects after deworming is not observed.

scholarly journals Echinococcosis of dogs in the North Caucasian Subjects (infrastructural, epizootological and sanitary-hygienic analysis)

2021 ◽  
pp. 329-334
Author(s):  
S. Sh. Kabardiev ◽  
A. M. Bittirov ◽  
S. A. Aigubova ◽  
N. Kh. Gyulakhmedova
Keyword(s):  
Soil Contamination ◽  
Echinococcus Granulosus ◽  
Average Frequency ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
North Caucasus ◽  
Mountain Areas ◽  
The North ◽  
The Subject ◽  
North Ossetia ◽  
Stavropol Krai

Based on the official statistics the situation of parasitic diseases in the Russian Federation is still quite unfavorable. The issues of soil contamination with Echinococcus granulosus eggs are understudied that’s why the objective of the research was to study canine echinococcosis which poses a threat to animal and human disease freedom in the North Caucasian countries. Helminthological tests of the guardian dog feces were performed in seven North Caucasian Subjects: the Stavropol Krai, the Karachay-Cherkessia Republic, the Kabardino-Balkaria Republic, Republic of North Ossetia −Alania, Republic of Ingushetia, the Chechen Republic, and the Republic of Dagestan. As a result, it was determined that the average frequency index of echinococcosis occurrence was 85.07%. The moderate fecal egg count in 1,400 samples was 22.73 ± 1.49 eggs per 10 grams of dog feces. The data obtained are indicative of the disease unfavourable situation in the Subjects and the zoonosis spread at the regional level. Helminthological tests of 14,000 soil samples from near-village pastures for contamination with tapeworm eggs, including Echinococcus granulosus, showed that the invasion rate in the Stavropol Krai was 65.80%, in Karachay-Cherkessia republic − 79.00%, in Kabardino-Balkaria − 82.60%, in North Ossetia − Alania − 74.65%, in Ingushetia − 88.20%, in Chechnya − 83.75%, in Dagestan − 79.85%. The results obtained testify to the high level of soil contamination with the infective eggs. It was demonstrated that there is a relationship between the distribution of viable Echinococcus granulosus eggs in pasture soils and ecological characteristics of the Subject: the largest number of viable Echinococcus granulosus eggs was observed in submountain areas, fewer eggs were observed in flatlands, and the least number of eggs – in the mountain areas. The number of eggs detected in the soil samples from pastures is indicative of the disease persistence in humans and animals. Results of the helminthological tests of 7,500 soil samples from 119 cattle-driving routes of the North Caucasus demonstrate 100% contamination with parasitic agents which poses a threat of epidemiological and epizootological situation of echinococcosis in the Subject.

scholarly journals Echinococcus granulosus Batsch, 1786; Rud., 1801 as a probable sanitary threat in the mountainous zone of the North Caucasus

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 57-64
Author(s):  
S. Sh. Kabardiev ◽  
A. M. Bittirov ◽  
S. A. Begieva
Keyword(s):  
Soil Contamination ◽  
Sea Level ◽  
Echinococcus Granulosus ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Favorable Effect ◽  
Contamination Rate ◽  
North Caucasus ◽  
The North ◽  
Environmental Objects ◽  
Sanitary State

The purpose of the research is studying environmental objects contaminated with Taeniidae eggs, and egg stability and viability in soil and feed supplies in the mountainous zone of the North Caucasus.Materials and methods. The studies were carried out in the mountainous zone of the North Caucasus in 2016–2019 at the laboratory of infective diseases of animals and birds of the Caspian Zonal Research Veterinary Institute. We examined 200 samples of dog feces, 3,600 soil samples and 1,000 samples of different types of food for Taeniidae eggs at altitudinal belts of 1000, 1500, 2000, 2500, 3000 and 3500 m above sea level in winter, spring, summer and autumn using conventional methods. Experiments were also carried out to determine the viability and possible overwintering from November to March of Echinococcus granulosus eggs at an altitude of 1,000, 1,500, 2,000, 2,500, 3,000 and 3,500 m above sea level. In order to study the sanitary state of infrastructure facilities of the mountainous zone for contamination with Taeniidae eggs, we studied 300 soil samples from near-village pastures, distant pastures, rural households, near-shed areas, shelters, near watering stations, along the sides of mountain rivers, and in places of daytime rest of sheep and cattle in pastures using the methods generally accepted in helminthology. We studied possible survival in the winter of Taeniidae eggs in external environment in samples of feces, soil, after-grass, hay, silage and compound feed from November to March. After winter, Taeniidae eggs were examined by coproovoscopy methods. The data were processed by statistical methods according to N.A. Plokhinsky (1978).Results and discussion. It was found that temperature fluctuations of 13.4 to 25.8 ºС in spring and summer seasons in the mountainous zone had a more favorable effect on cestode egg preservation and development. Eggs became invasive in 8–10 days in June and August. The maturation of E. granulosus eggs to the invasive stage was observed in 13 days in September (20.5 ºС), and in 22 days in November (8.3 ºС), which was associated with a decrease in ambient temperature. In dynamics, soil contamination with E. granulosus eggs in the Dagestan mountainous zone in 2016–2019 was characterized by an annual increase in soil contamination with eggs. The soil contamination rate with Taeniidae eggs increased from 63.00% to 88.00% (mean 80.50% of samples). In Dagestan, there is a deterioration in sanitary state of soils of infrastructure facilities as indicated by an increase in Taeniidae eggs in 4–5 g of soil from 7.60±0.40 to 19.30±1.10 eggs (mean 12.30±0.70 eggs). The soil of all studied infrastructure facilities was almost 100% contaminated with Taeniidae eggs. At biological sites, at an altitude of 1,000, 1,500, 2,000, 2,500, 3,000 and 3,500 m above sea level, there were 26.30% 19.84%; 12.55%; 8.0%; 4.99% and 0% of E. granulosus eggs viable in March, respectively. E. granulosus eggs do not survive the winter at an altitude of 3,500 m in March. The study of the possibility of E. granulosus eggs to overwinter showed that the eggs kept in after-grass, silage, hayand compound feed samples during the winter retained viability in the amount of 37.30%, 74.30%, 81.70% and 92.40 % respectively. In case of sanitary requirements violated during grazing, procurement and storage, the aftergrass, silage, hay and compound feed contaminated with Taeniidae eggs are factors for ensuring preservation and viability of invasive elements and continuous implementation of an epizootic process of taeniidosis in populations of ruminants..

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