scholarly journals Echinococcosis of dogs in the North Caucasian Subjects (infrastructural, epizootological and sanitary-hygienic analysis)

2021 ◽  
pp. 329-334
Author(s):  
S. Sh. Kabardiev ◽  
A. M. Bittirov ◽  
S. A. Aigubova ◽  
N. Kh. Gyulakhmedova
Keyword(s):  
Soil Contamination ◽  
Echinococcus Granulosus ◽  
Average Frequency ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
North Caucasus ◽  
Mountain Areas ◽  
The North ◽  
The Subject ◽  
North Ossetia ◽  
Stavropol Krai

Based on the official statistics the situation of parasitic diseases in the Russian Federation is still quite unfavorable. The issues of soil contamination with Echinococcus granulosus eggs are understudied that’s why the objective of the research was to study canine echinococcosis which poses a threat to animal and human disease freedom in the North Caucasian countries. Helminthological tests of the guardian dog feces were performed in seven North Caucasian Subjects: the Stavropol Krai, the Karachay-Cherkessia Republic, the Kabardino-Balkaria Republic, Republic of North Ossetia −Alania, Republic of Ingushetia, the Chechen Republic, and the Republic of Dagestan. As a result, it was determined that the average frequency index of echinococcosis occurrence was 85.07%. The moderate fecal egg count in 1,400 samples was 22.73 ± 1.49 eggs per 10 grams of dog feces. The data obtained are indicative of the disease unfavourable situation in the Subjects and the zoonosis spread at the regional level. Helminthological tests of 14,000 soil samples from near-village pastures for contamination with tapeworm eggs, including Echinococcus granulosus, showed that the invasion rate in the Stavropol Krai was 65.80%, in Karachay-Cherkessia republic − 79.00%, in Kabardino-Balkaria − 82.60%, in North Ossetia − Alania − 74.65%, in Ingushetia − 88.20%, in Chechnya − 83.75%, in Dagestan − 79.85%. The results obtained testify to the high level of soil contamination with the infective eggs. It was demonstrated that there is a relationship between the distribution of viable Echinococcus granulosus eggs in pasture soils and ecological characteristics of the Subject: the largest number of viable Echinococcus granulosus eggs was observed in submountain areas, fewer eggs were observed in flatlands, and the least number of eggs – in the mountain areas. The number of eggs detected in the soil samples from pastures is indicative of the disease persistence in humans and animals. Results of the helminthological tests of 7,500 soil samples from 119 cattle-driving routes of the North Caucasus demonstrate 100% contamination with parasitic agents which poses a threat of epidemiological and epizootological situation of echinococcosis in the Subject.

scholarly journals Echinococcus granulosus Batsch, 1786; Rud., 1801 as a probable sanitary threat in the mountainous zone of the North Caucasus

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 57-64
Author(s):  
S. Sh. Kabardiev ◽  
A. M. Bittirov ◽  
S. A. Begieva
Keyword(s):  
Soil Contamination ◽  
Sea Level ◽  
Echinococcus Granulosus ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Favorable Effect ◽  
Contamination Rate ◽  
North Caucasus ◽  
The North ◽  
Environmental Objects ◽  
Sanitary State

The purpose of the research is studying environmental objects contaminated with Taeniidae eggs, and egg stability and viability in soil and feed supplies in the mountainous zone of the North Caucasus.Materials and methods. The studies were carried out in the mountainous zone of the North Caucasus in 2016–2019 at the laboratory of infective diseases of animals and birds of the Caspian Zonal Research Veterinary Institute. We examined 200 samples of dog feces, 3,600 soil samples and 1,000 samples of different types of food for Taeniidae eggs at altitudinal belts of 1000, 1500, 2000, 2500, 3000 and 3500 m above sea level in winter, spring, summer and autumn using conventional methods. Experiments were also carried out to determine the viability and possible overwintering from November to March of Echinococcus granulosus eggs at an altitude of 1,000, 1,500, 2,000, 2,500, 3,000 and 3,500 m above sea level. In order to study the sanitary state of infrastructure facilities of the mountainous zone for contamination with Taeniidae eggs, we studied 300 soil samples from near-village pastures, distant pastures, rural households, near-shed areas, shelters, near watering stations, along the sides of mountain rivers, and in places of daytime rest of sheep and cattle in pastures using the methods generally accepted in helminthology. We studied possible survival in the winter of Taeniidae eggs in external environment in samples of feces, soil, after-grass, hay, silage and compound feed from November to March. After winter, Taeniidae eggs were examined by coproovoscopy methods. The data were processed by statistical methods according to N.A. Plokhinsky (1978).Results and discussion. It was found that temperature fluctuations of 13.4 to 25.8 ºС in spring and summer seasons in the mountainous zone had a more favorable effect on cestode egg preservation and development. Eggs became invasive in 8–10 days in June and August. The maturation of E. granulosus eggs to the invasive stage was observed in 13 days in September (20.5 ºС), and in 22 days in November (8.3 ºС), which was associated with a decrease in ambient temperature. In dynamics, soil contamination with E. granulosus eggs in the Dagestan mountainous zone in 2016–2019 was characterized by an annual increase in soil contamination with eggs. The soil contamination rate with Taeniidae eggs increased from 63.00% to 88.00% (mean 80.50% of samples). In Dagestan, there is a deterioration in sanitary state of soils of infrastructure facilities as indicated by an increase in Taeniidae eggs in 4–5 g of soil from 7.60±0.40 to 19.30±1.10 eggs (mean 12.30±0.70 eggs). The soil of all studied infrastructure facilities was almost 100% contaminated with Taeniidae eggs. At biological sites, at an altitude of 1,000, 1,500, 2,000, 2,500, 3,000 and 3,500 m above sea level, there were 26.30% 19.84%; 12.55%; 8.0%; 4.99% and 0% of E. granulosus eggs viable in March, respectively. E. granulosus eggs do not survive the winter at an altitude of 3,500 m in March. The study of the possibility of E. granulosus eggs to overwinter showed that the eggs kept in after-grass, silage, hayand compound feed samples during the winter retained viability in the amount of 37.30%, 74.30%, 81.70% and 92.40 % respectively. In case of sanitary requirements violated during grazing, procurement and storage, the aftergrass, silage, hay and compound feed contaminated with Taeniidae eggs are factors for ensuring preservation and viability of invasive elements and continuous implementation of an epizootic process of taeniidosis in populations of ruminants..

scholarly journals PHONETIC FEATURES OF THE KIZLYAR SUBDIALECT OF THE TEREK DIALECT OF THE KUMYK LANGUAGE IN THE COMPARATIVE-HISTORICAL AND AREAL CONTEXT

2021 ◽  
pp. 18-24
Author(s):  
Гарун-Рашид Абдул-Кадырович Гусейнов
Keyword(s):  
Historical Context ◽  
Volga Region ◽  
North Caucasus ◽  
Caucasus Region ◽  
The North ◽  
Turkic Languages ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Phonetic Features ◽  
North Ossetia ◽  
Primary Localization

Предметом непосредственного анализа является фонетическая система изолированного кизлярского (селения Кизляр, Предгорное и Малый Малгобек Северной Осетии - Алании) говора терского диалекта кумыкского языка. Данный говор еще не становился предметом специального рассмотрения как в отношении его синхронного описания, так и в исследуемом отношении. Цель настоящей публикации - диахронно ориентированный анализ фонетических особенностей кизлярского говора в широком ареальном и сравнительно-историческом контексте его взаимоотношений с другими кумыкскими диалектами и иными древними и новыми тюркскими языками, включая булгарский (чувашский). На основе положения о первичной локализации древних булгарских диалектов в северокавказской области было установлено более раннее, чем в чувашском, субстратное происхождение некоторых фонетических (вокалических и консонантных) особенностей данного говора. Они вкупе с некоторыми иными кумыкскими диалектами и отчасти карачаево-балкарскими говорами могут восходить к древним булгарским диалектам Северного Кавказа и Дагестана. В результате раннесредневековой и последующей миграции их носителей в Поволжье эти особенности отложились в чувашском языке на различных этапах его предыстории и истории. В говоре обнаруживаются и отдельные, возможно, более поздние черты, обязанные своим происхождением ареально смежным тюркским языкам. The subject of the analysis is the phonetic system of the isolated Kizlyar (Kizlyar, Podgornoe and Maly Malgobek villages of North Ossetia-Alania) subdialect of the Terek dialect of the Kumyk language. This subdialect has not yet been the subject of special consideration, both with regard to its synchronous description and of the investigated relation. The purpose of this publication is a diachronically oriented analysis of the phonetic features of the Kizlyar subdialect in the wide areal and comparative-historical context of its relationship with other Kumyk dialects and other ancient and new Turkic languages, including Bulgar (Chuvash). Based on the provision on the primary localization of ancient Bulgarian dialects in the North Caucasus region, an earlier substrate origin of some phonetic (vocal and consonant) features of this dialect were established than in Chuvash. They, together with some other Kumyk dialects and partly Karachay-Balkarian subdialects, can go back to the ancient Bulgarian dialects of the North Caucasus and Dagestan. As a result of the early medieval and subsequent migration of their speakers to the Volga region, these features were deposited in the Chuvash language at various stages of its prehistory and history. In the subdialect, separate, possibly later features are also found, obligated by their origin to areally adjacent Turkic languages.

scholarly journals To the origin of the concepts Yessentuk, Yessentuchok, Yessentuki

2020 ◽  
pp. 26-33
Author(s):  
Vladimir Aleksandrovich Fomenko
Keyword(s):  
Science Education ◽  
General Population ◽  
North Caucasus ◽  
Xviii Century ◽  
The North ◽  
Word Combination ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The City ◽  
Stavropol Krai

The subject of this research is the toponyms Yessentuk, Yessentuchok, Yessentuki. The goal is ti determine their origin. The author leans on the data of explorations of the remains Golden Horde mausoleums of the XIV century, which were conducted in the late XX and early XXI centuries on the outskirts and in the area of the city of Yessentuki of Stavropol Krai. The article considers the previously revealed connection between mausoleums of the XIV century, Podkumok River Valley, and the Kabardian-Abazin tombstones of the XVIII century located here. It is worth noting that at the time of construction of the Yessentuki reduit at the end of the XVIII century, the general population of the area were Kabardians and Abazins. The application of comprehensive approach alongside various methods of historical and philological sciences allowed determining the origins of the toponyms Yessentuk, Yessentuchok, Yessentuki, as well as carrying out further reconstruction of the history of the Central Fore-Caucasus of pre-Russian and Russian eras. The conclusion is made that the name Yessentuk (in later versions – Yessentuchok and Yessentuki) stems from the Kabardian word combination Yesen tlygu – the edge, area, or border) of Yesen. The personal name Yesen is of Turkic-Mongolian origin and can be occasionally seen in the anthroponymy of the Adyghe and neighboring peoples. The obtained results can be used in studying history of the North Caucasus, toponymic research, museology, creation of science education films.

SOCIAL INEQUALITY AS A THREAT TO ECONOMIC SECURITY: REGIONAL ASPECT

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (12) ◽  
pp. 79-85
Author(s):  
Liana E. Kabisova ◽  
◽  
Zarina V. Soskieva ◽  
Naira V. Tadtaeva ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Population Group ◽  
Federal District ◽  
Economic Security ◽  
North Caucasus ◽  
Poverty Level ◽  
The North ◽  
Regional Aspect ◽  
The Subject ◽  
State Programs ◽  
North Ossetia

The article presents data from a study of the level of poverty of the population in the North Caucasian Federal District. Information on the subject is summarized and systematized. According to the results of the study, patterns were identified, the features of this phenomenon on the territory of the North Caucasus Federal District and in North Ossetia-Alania, in particular. The opportunity presented itself to char-acterize the type of resident belonging to this population group. Thanks to the data obtained, the directions of adjustments of state programs aimed at reducing the poverty level of the population, taking into account the residence in the North Caucasian Federal District, were outlined.

Sphagnum mosses (Sphagnaceae, Bryophyta) of mires Chefandzar and Masota in North Ossetia (Caucasus)

2018 ◽  
Vol 52 (2) ◽  
pp. 455-462 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Ya. Doroshina ◽  
I. A. Nikolajev
Keyword(s):  
Plant Communities ◽  
The Other ◽  
North Caucasus ◽  
Sphagnum Mosses ◽  
Greater Caucasus ◽  
The North ◽  
First Time ◽  
North Ossetia

Sphagnum mires on the Greater Caucasus are rare, characterized by the presence of relict plant communities of glacial age and are in a stage of degradation. The study of Sphagnum of Chefandzar and Masota mires is carried out for the first time. Seven species of Sphagnum are recorded. Their distribution and frequency within the North Caucasus are analyzed. Sphagnum contortum, S. platyphyllum, S. russowii, S. squarrosum are recorded for the first time for the study area and for the flora of North Ossetia. The other mosses found in the study area are listed.

Features seed the resumption of alpine maple

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Х.М. Хетагуров
Keyword(s):  
Setting Time ◽  
Northern Caucasus ◽  
Average Score ◽  
North Caucasus ◽  
The Third ◽  
The North ◽  
Seed Origin ◽  
North Ossetia ◽  
Vegetative Origin ◽  
Upper Boundary

Кленовники Северного Кавказа – особый тип лесных формаций. Особенность проявляется не только в структуре фитоценозов, но и в способах самовозобновления. Объект исследования – чистые и смешанные кленовники в нескольких урочищах РСО-Алания. Объекты расположены в различных условиях горного рельефа и на разной высоте над уровнем моря, от 1100 до 1900 м. Целью исследования является установление особенностей семенного возобновления кленовников, произрастающих в верхнем поясе распространения лесов на Северном Кавказе. Для достижения поставленной цели устанавливали время цветения и созревания семян по вертикальным поясам распространения кленовников. Обилие цветения и средний балл плодоношения устанавливали по В.Г. Капперу. Биометрические характеристики семян определяли по урочищам в трех повторностях. Учет подроста проводили на круговых учетных площадках по 10 м2, в соответствии с методикой А.В. Грязькина. Установлено, что цветение клена Траутфеттера начинается 10–14 мая и заканчивается в третьей декаде мая. Семена начинают созревать к концу августа – к началу сентября. Сроки опадения семян растянуты. Часть семян попадает на почву до начала листопада, поэтому они оказываются погребенными под опадом. Такие семена быстро теряют всхожесть, выпревают. Другая часть опадает вместе с листьями. Третья категория семян (самые легкие) держатся на деревьях до декабря и даже до весны. Естественное возобновление клена семенами под пологом материнского древостоя сильно затруднено из-за мощного травяного покрова. В древостое с сомкнутым пологом доля цветущих и плодоносящих деревьев составляет 2–3%, а средний балл плодоношения составляет 1,3. Освещенность на поверхности почвы не превышает 100 люкс, т. е. составляет 0,2–0,3% от освещенности на открытом месте; на высоте 1,3 м (над травостоем) освещенность несколько выше – от 1,2 до 1,6 тыс. люкс. Под пологом древостоя преобладает подрост вегетативного происхождения. У верхней границы кленового леса подрост семенного происхождения встречается в окнах, прогалинах и на открытых местах в количестве 430–630 экз./га. По высоте преобладает крупный подрост 50–60%, доля мелкого – 10–20%. The maple stands of the North Caucasus – a special type of forest formations. The peculiarity is manifested not only in the structure of phytocoenoses, but also in the ways of self-renewing. Object of research – pure and mixed maple stands in some areas of North Ossetia-Alania. The properties are located in various mountainous terrain and at different heights above sea level from 1100 to 1900 m. The aim of the study is to establish the characteristics of the seed the resumption of the maple stands growing in the upper belt of forests spread in the Northern Caucasus. To achieve this goal setting time of flowering and ripening of seeds on vertical zones distribution dominated. The abundance of flowering and the average score of fruiting was established by V.G. Capper. Biometric characteristics of the seeds was determined by the tracts in three replicates. Accounting for the undergrowth was carried out on a circular experimental plots at 10 m2, in accordance with the method of A.V. Grashkin. It is established that the flowering maple Trautvetter begins may 10–14 and ends in the third week of may. Seeds begin to ripen by late August – early September. The timing of subsidence of the stretched seed. Some of the seeds falls to the ground before the leaves, so they are trapped under the litter. These seeds quickly lose their germination, vypivaet. The other part falls along with the leaves. The third category of seeds (the light) stay on the trees until December and even till spring. Natural regeneration of maple seeds under the canopy of parent stand is very difficult due to the strong grass cover. In forest stands with dense canopy, proportion of flowering and fruit-bearing trees is 2–3%, and the average score of fruiting is 1.3. The illumination on the surface of the soil does not exceed 100 Lux, i. e. 0.2–0.3% of the light in the open, at a height of 1.3 m (on grass) the lighting is slightly higher, from 1.2 to 1.6 thousand Suite. Under the canopy of the forest the undergrowth is dominated by vegetative origin. At the upper boundary of the maple forest, saplings of seed origin occurs in Windows, clearings and open places in the number 430–630 ind./ha. In height dominated by large undergrowth of 50–60%, the share of small – 10–20%.

EXPERIENCE OF USING THE CLUSTER APPROACH IN ASSESSING THE SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT OF THE MOUNTAINOUS TERRITORIES OF THE NORTH CAUCASUS

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (11) ◽  
pp. 37-46
Author(s):  
Rita I. Batyaeva ◽  
◽  
Tat’yana G. Shelkunova ◽  
Irina Yu. Khetagurova ◽  
Tamara G. Khetagurova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Economic Development ◽  
Social Indicators ◽  
Federal District ◽  
North Caucasus ◽  
Mountain Areas ◽  
The Sustainable Development ◽  
The North ◽  
Technological Level ◽  
National Environmental

The article provides an overview of the effects of the resonant impact of clusters on the ability of mountain areas to adapt to the modern realities of the technological level, as well as the ability to apply innovations, attract investment in the agro-industrial and tourist cluster. A panel of indicators is presented that provides correct comparability of achievements and reflects information for aggregation by various parameters of the economic and geographical indicators of the region: the national environmental rating of the subjects of the North Caucasus Federal District; indicators of sustainable development of the Russian Federation and the North Caucasus Federal District; investment risk of the republics of the North Caucasus Federal District; the main economic and social indicators of the RSO-Alania. It is established that the geoinformation study of the use of a multicomponent indicator of the state of mountain territories is the basis for determining the vector of their further socio-economic development and justifying appropriate management decisions to stabilize economic development. The peculiarity of the approach is the selection of criteria that will be used in the development of mechanisms for the sustainable development of mountain territories according to the target indicators, in accordance with the UN resolution "Transforming our world in the field of sustainable develop-ment for the period up to 2030".

scholarly journals State of Heavy Metals Pollution of Flooded Agricultural Land in the North Part of Republic of Srpska

2017 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 19
Author(s):  
Tihomir Predić ◽  
Petra Nikić Nauth ◽  
Bojana Radanović ◽  
Alen Predić
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Soil Contamination ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Total Content ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Available Phosphorus ◽  
The North ◽  
North Part ◽  
Grid Points ◽  
Phosphorus And Potassium

This paper presents the results of the research of soil contamination in flooded area located at the confluence of Bosna and Sava rivers. The sampling was performed according to a network of points Etrs89 reference European Network based on grid points of 500 m x 500 m. The total number of soil samples was 31 and 13 samples of sediment-mud. In the soil samples and sediment-mud samples various parameters were analyzed: pH H2O and 1 M KCl, humus (method by Tjurin), and the readily available phosphorus and potassium (AL method). The interpretation of total content of heavy metals in the soil was conducted according to Dutch Soil Remediation Circular (2009). The samples were analyzed for the total content of heavy metals: Pb, Cd, Cr, Ni, Zn, Cu (aqua regia digestion, AAS) and the elevated concentrations of Ni. However, Ni content in mud was from 240.5 mg/kg to 294.5 mg/kg, in soil it was from 128.9 mg/kg to 452.1 mg/kg. All mud samples were alkaline, and 79% of soil samples were alkaline and of neutral reaction. The analysis indicated that the flood in May 2014 was not caused by soil contamination with heavy metals, which however contributed to the increase of the overall content of these elements in the soil.

“…I AM CONVINCED THAT THERE WILL BE A KABARDIAN AUTONOMOUS OKRUG AND I WILL SUPPORT THE WILL Of THE WORKERS”. DOCUMENTS AND MATERIALS ON THE WITHDRAWAL OF THE KABARDINSKY DISTRICT FROM THE MOUNTAIN ASSR IN 1921

Kavkazologiya ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 81-95
Author(s):  
A.G. KAZHAROV ◽  
◽  
M.S. TAMAZOV ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Scientific Interest ◽  
North Caucasus ◽  
The North ◽  
Initial Stage ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Before And After ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Will ◽  
The Republic ◽  
North Ossetia

The published documents were found in the archives of the Republic of North Ossetia-Alania. These are the materials of the meetings of the Soviet and party authorities of the Mountain Republic, which were devoted to the discussion of the problem of Kabarda's secession from the polyethnic mountain autonomy. The Kabardian problem was discussed several times by the leadership of the Mountain Republic in June 1921 before and after the congress of the peoples of Kabarda that took place this month. The minutes of the meetings have not yet been published in the published thematic collections of documents dedicated to the history of the nation-building of the peoples of the North Caucasus. The documents contribute to the understanding of the position of the statesmen of the Mountain Republic on the formation of new autonomous units and the identification of the concrete historical content of these processes. The protocols make it possible to reconstruct the process of not only the disintegration of the collective mountain statehood, but also make it possible to clarify important points in the history of its creation. Party and Soviet leaders often returned to the problems of the initial stage of the formation of the Mountain Republic. Further study of the problems of the formation of a system of national autonomies in the North Caucasus in recent times will largely depend, including on the introduction of new documents into scientific circulation and their interpretation by a wide range of researchers. In this regard, the published documents and materials are of great scientific interest.

How Monotony Transforms into Dichotomy

2018 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 115-120
Author(s):  
Sufian Zhemukhov
Keyword(s):  
Current Situation ◽  
The Political ◽  
Political Elites ◽  
North Caucasus ◽  
The North ◽  
Political Machine ◽  
North Ossetia

A nuanced reading of the current situation in the North Caucasus reveals two main trends that articulate in confrontation with Russian nationalism. First, in the eastern part of the region, particularly in Dagestan, Chechnya, and Ingushetia, a shift from nationalism to Islam has taken place, and the ties between religion and political machine are strong and visible. Second, and by contrast, in the western part of the region, including Adygea, Kabardino-Balkaria, Karachayevo-Cherkessia, and North Ossetia, nationalism has increased, and the political elites seldom practice religion publicly.

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