scholarly journals PINK1 Alleviates Cognitive Impairments via Attenuating Pathological Tau Aggregation in a Mouse Model of Tauopathy

2022 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xing Jun Jiang ◽  
Yan Qing Wu ◽  
Rong Ma ◽  
Yan Min Chang ◽  
Lu Lu Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mouse Model ◽  
Cognitive Impairments ◽  
Tau Proteins ◽  
Phosphatase And Tensin Homolog ◽  
Cognitive Improvement ◽  
Tensin Homolog ◽  
Hippocampal Ca1 ◽  
Abnormal Accumulation ◽  
Ca1 Area ◽  
Tau Aggregation

As a primary cause of dementia and death in older people, Alzheimer’s disease (AD) has become a common problem and challenge worldwide. Abnormal accumulation of tau proteins in the brain is a hallmark pathology of AD and is closely related to the clinical progression and severity of cognitive deficits. Here, we found that overexpression of phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN)-induced kinase 1 (PINK1) effectively promoted the degradation of tau, thereby rescuing neuron loss, synaptic damage, and cognitive impairments in a mouse model of tauopathy with AAV-full-length human Tau (hTau) injected into the hippocampal CA1 area (hTau mice). Overexpression of PINK1 activated autophagy, and chloroquine but not MG132 reversed the PINK1-induced decrease in human Tau levels and cognitive improvement in hTau mice. Furthermore, PINK1 also ameliorated mitochondrial dysfunction induced by hTau. Taken together, our data revealed that PINK1 overexpression promoted degradation of abnormal accumulated tau via the autophagy–lysosome pathway, indicating that PINK1 may be a potential target for AD treatment.

Deletion of murine tau gene increases tau aggregation in a human mutant tau transgenic mouse model

2010 ◽  
Vol 38 (4) ◽  
pp. 1001-1005 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kunie Ando ◽  
Karelle Leroy ◽  
Céline Heraud ◽  
Anna Kabova ◽  
Zehra Yilmaz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mouse Model ◽  
Transgenic Mouse ◽  
Double Mutant ◽  
Transgenic Mouse Model ◽  
Tau Proteins ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Age Dependent ◽  
Ad Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Tau Aggregation ◽  
The Brain

We have reported previously a tau transgenic mouse model (Tg30tau) overexpressing human 4R1N double-mutant tau (P301S and G272V) and that develops AD (Alzheimer's disease)-like NFTs (neurofibrillary tangles) in an age-dependent manner. Since murine tau might interfere with the toxic effects of human mutant tau, we set out to analyse the phenotype of our Tg30tau model in the absence of endogenous murine tau with the aim to reproduce more faithfully a model of human tauopathy. By crossing the Tg30tau line with TauKO (tau-knockout) mice, we have obtained a new mouse line called Tg30×TauKO that expresses only exogenous human double-mutant 4R1N tau. Whereas Tg30×TauKO mice express fewer tau proteins compared with Tg30tau, they exhibit augmented sarkosyl-insoluble tau in the brain and an increased number of Gallyas-positive NFTs in the hippocampus. Taken together, exclusion of murine tau causes accelerated tau aggregation during aging of this mutant tau transgenic model.

Cognitive Improvement by Photic Stimulation in a Mouse Model of Alzheimer’s Disease

2015 ◽  
Vol 12 (9) ◽  
pp. 860-869 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yu Zhang ◽  
Furong Wang ◽  
Xianwen Luo ◽  
Li Wang ◽  
Peng Sun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Mouse Model ◽  
Photic Stimulation ◽  
Cognitive Improvement ◽  
Model Of Alzheimer’S Disease

scholarly journals High Throughput Screen Identifies the DNMT1 (DNA Methyltransferase-1) Inhibitor, 5-Azacytidine, as a Potent Inducer of PTEN (Phosphatase and Tensin Homolog)

2020 ◽  
Vol 40 (8) ◽  
pp. 1854-1869
Author(s):  
Keith A. Strand ◽  
Sizhao Lu ◽  
Marie F. Mutryn ◽  
Linfeng Li ◽  
Qiong Zhou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Protein Expression ◽  
High Throughput ◽  
Knockout Mice ◽  
Vascular Remodeling ◽  
Dna Methyltransferase ◽  
Dna Methyltransferase 1 ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
High Throughput Screen ◽  
Phosphatase And Tensin Homolog ◽  
Tensin Homolog

Objective: Our recent work demonstrates that PTEN (phosphatase and tensin homolog) is an important regulator of smooth muscle cell (SMC) phenotype. SMC-specific PTEN deletion promotes spontaneous vascular remodeling and PTEN loss correlates with increased atherosclerotic lesion severity in human coronary arteries. In mice, PTEN overexpression reduces plaque area and preserves SMC contractile protein expression in atherosclerosis and blunts Ang II (angiotensin II)-induced pathological vascular remodeling, suggesting that pharmacological PTEN upregulation could be a novel therapeutic approach to treat vascular disease. Approach and Results: To identify novel PTEN activators, we conducted a high-throughput screen using a fluorescence based PTEN promoter-reporter assay. After screening ≈3400 compounds, 11 hit compounds were chosen based on level of activity and mechanism of action. Following in vitro confirmation, we focused on 5-azacytidine, a DNMT1 (DNA methyltransferase-1) inhibitor, for further analysis. In addition to PTEN upregulation, 5-azacytidine treatment increased expression of genes associated with a differentiated SMC phenotype. 5-Azacytidine treatment also maintained contractile gene expression and reduced inflammatory cytokine expression after PDGF (platelet-derived growth factor) stimulation, suggesting 5-azacytidine blocks PDGF-induced SMC de-differentiation. However, these protective effects were lost in PTEN-deficient SMCs. These findings were confirmed in vivo using carotid ligation in SMC-specific PTEN knockout mice treated with 5-azacytidine. In wild type controls, 5-azacytidine reduced neointimal formation and inflammation while maintaining contractile protein expression. In contrast, 5-azacytidine was ineffective in PTEN knockout mice, indicating that the protective effects of 5-azacytidine are mediated through SMC PTEN upregulation. Conclusions: Our data indicates 5-azacytidine upregulates PTEN expression in SMCs, promoting maintenance of SMC differentiation and reducing pathological vascular remodeling in a PTEN-dependent manner.

scholarly journals Kinetics of tau aggregation reveals patient specific tau characteristics among Alzheimer's cases

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tarun V Kamath ◽  
Naomi Klickstein ◽  
Caitlin Commins ◽  
Analiese R Fernandes ◽  
Derek H Oakley ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Phase ◽  
Tau Proteins ◽  
Patient Specific ◽  
Lag Phase ◽  
Plateau Phase ◽  
Kinetic Assay ◽  
Cellular Processes ◽  
Morphological Differences ◽  
Tau Aggregation ◽  
Kinetics Of

Abstract The accumulation of tau aggregates throughout the human brain is the hallmark of a number of neurodegenerative conditions classified as tauopathies. Increasing evidence shows that tau aggregation occurs in a “prion-like” manner, in which a small amount of misfolded tau protein can induce other, naïve tau proteins to aggregate. Tau aggregates have been found to differ structurally among different tauopathies. Recently, however, we have suggested that tau oligomeric species may differ biochemically among individual patients with sporadic Alzheimer disease, and have also showed that the bioactivity of the tau species, measured using a cell-based bioassay, also varied among individuals. Here, we adopted a live-cell imaging approach to the standard cell-based bioassay to explore further whether the kinetics of aggregation also differentiated these patients. We found that aggregation can be observed to follow a consistent pattern in all cases, with a lag phase, a growth phase, and a plateau phase, which each provide quantitative parameters by which we characterize aggregation kinetics. The length of the lag phase and magnitude of the plateau phase are both dependent upon the concentration of seeding-competent tau, the relative enrichment of which differs among patients. The slope of the growth phase correlates with morphological differences in the tau aggregates, which may be reflective of underlying structural differences. This kinetic assay confirms and refines the concept of heterogeneity in the characteristics of tau proteopathic seeds among individuals with Alzheimer’s disease and is a method by which future studies may characterize longitudinal changes in tau aggregation and the cellular processes which may influence these changes.

miR-139-5p promotes neovascularization in diabetic retinopathy by regulating the phosphatase and tensin homolog

2021 ◽  
Vol 44 (2) ◽  
pp. 205-218
Author(s):  
Zhongwei Zhang ◽  
Caiping Song ◽  
Tao Wang ◽  
Lei Sun ◽  
Ling Qin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetic Retinopathy ◽  
Phosphatase And Tensin Homolog ◽  
Tensin Homolog

scholarly journals The Mitochondrial Kinase PINK1 in Diabetic Kidney Disease

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 1525
Author(s):  
Chunling Huang ◽  
Ji Bian ◽  
Qinghua Cao ◽  
Xin-Ming Chen ◽  
Carol A. Pollock
Keyword(s):  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Diabetic Kidney Disease ◽  
Kidney Diseases ◽  
Mitochondrial Protein ◽  
Physiological Role ◽  
Close Link ◽  
Promising Alternative ◽  
Diabetic Kidney ◽  
Phosphatase And Tensin Homolog ◽  
Tensin Homolog

Mitochondria are critical organelles that play a key role in cellular metabolism, survival, and homeostasis. Mitochondrial dysfunction has been implicated in the pathogenesis of diabetic kidney disease. The function of mitochondria is critically regulated by several mitochondrial protein kinases, including the phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN)-induced kinase 1 (PINK1). The focus of PINK1 research has been centered on neuronal diseases. Recent studies have revealed a close link between PINK1 and many other diseases including kidney diseases. This review will provide a concise summary of PINK1 and its regulation of mitochondrial function in health and disease. The physiological role of PINK1 in the major cells involved in diabetic kidney disease including proximal tubular cells and podocytes will also be summarized. Collectively, these studies suggested that targeting PINK1 may offer a promising alternative for the treatment of diabetic kidney disease.

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