scholarly journals Evaluating the Toxicity of Ionic Liquids on Shewanella sp. for Designing Sustainable Bioprocesses

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hakima Kebaili ◽  
Antonia Pérez de los Ríos ◽  
María José Salar-García ◽  
Víctor Manuel Ortiz-Martínez ◽  
Mostefa Kameche ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ionic Liquids ◽  
Chemical Structure ◽  
Marine Bacterium ◽  
Diffusion Test ◽  
Disk Diffusion Test ◽  
Alkyl Chains ◽  
Key Factor ◽  
Wide Group ◽  
Separation Media ◽  
The Relationship

Ionic liquids (ILs) are widely used as reaction and separation media in many technologies due to their unique and advantageous physicochemical properties. Thus, further studies approaching the study of the toxicity of these materials are required. Moreover, they are utilized in devices in which microorganisms such as Shewanella sp. act as biocatalysts. Thus, in this work, the toxicity of 69 ILs on the marine bacterium Shewanella sp. was tested. Specifically, the ILs analyzed were based on the cations imidazolium, pyridinium, pyrrolidinium, piperidinium, morpholinium, oxazolinium, phosphonium, ammonium, and sulfonium, in combination with different anions. The toxicities of this wide group of ILs on Shewanella sp. were determined using two methods: 1) the agar disk-diffusion test and 2) the growth inhibition test in liquid media. The relationship between toxicity and IL chemical structure was elucidated. A decrease in the hydrophobicity of the alkyl chain length was found to be a key factor to reduce IL toxicity. On the other hand, phosphonium-based ILs containing long alkyl chains were shown to be largely incompatible with Shewanella sp.

Key factor governing the physicochemical properties and extent of proton transfer in protic ionic liquids: ΔpKa or chemical structure?

2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 418-426 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammed Shah Miran ◽  
Mahfuzul Hoque ◽  
Tomohiro Yasuda ◽  
Seiji Tsuzuki ◽  
Kazuhide Ueno ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Stability ◽  
Ionic Liquids ◽  
Proton Transfer ◽  
Physicochemical Properties ◽  
Chemical Structure ◽  
Protic Ionic Liquids ◽  
Key Factor ◽  
Factor Governing

A series of protic ionic liquids (PILs) are prepared by neutralisation of bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)amide acid (H[NTf2]) with various amines, and the properties (especially thermal stability and ionicity) are compared with those of PILs from 1,8-diazabicyclo[5.4.0]-7-undecene (DBU) and various acids.

The relationship between chemical structure of attractants and chemotaxis by a marine bacterium

1976 ◽  
Vol 22 (8) ◽  
pp. 1206-1208 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ilan Chet ◽  
Ralph Mitchell
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Chemical Structure ◽  
Marine Bacterium ◽  
Bacterial Detection ◽  
The Relationship

The chemotactic responses of a marine pseudomonad to stereoisomers and analogues of amino acids and sugars were tested. The data reveal that the bacterium is equally attracted to D. L and DL forms of the amino acids. In contrast, chemical analogues of the amino acids and glucose yielded significantly lower chemotactic responses. The threshold of bacterial detection was 10−8 M for leucine and cysteine. However, the threshold molarity of most of the analogues was higher than those of the related amino acids and sugars.

scholarly journals ПЕРСПЕКТИВИ ЗАСТОСУВАННЯ ІОННИХ РІДИН В ЕЛЕКТРОХІМІЇ

2018 ◽  
Vol 122 (3) ◽  
pp. 38-44
Author(s):  
О. В. Кислова
Keyword(s):  
Ionic Liquid ◽  
Ionic Liquids ◽  
Electrochemical Properties ◽  
Analytical Methods ◽  
Chemical Structure ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Structure Of Liquids ◽  
Electrochemical Processes ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Subsequent Modification

Summarize information about the relationship between the ionic liquids structure and their electrochemical properties, expand the possibilities of ionic liquids using for electrochemical processes. Analytical methods for comparing the features of the different composition ionic liquids structure, the influence of the chemical structure of liquids on their properties and their further application. The carried out researches have allowed to generalize a complex of ionic liquids properties which expand possibilities of various electrochemical processes and devices functioning. The existence of a relationship between the ionic liquids structure and their properties makes it possible to selectively target the optimal ionic liquid with certain properties. Based on the study of the ionic liquids properties dependence on their structure, possible directions for the ionic liquids rational choice, their subsequent modification, optimization of the  electrochemical processes conditions using ionic liquids are indicated. The factors necessary for the improvement and expansion of electrochemical research methods using ionic liquids are generalized, their advantages and disadvantages, perspectives for the ionic liquids synthesis with certain properties are shown.

scholarly journals Estimation of resistance force at steady-state sinkage for cylindrical wheel-typed lunar/planetary exploration rovers with function of push–pull locomotion

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Daisuke Fujiwara ◽  
Naoki Tsujikawa ◽  
Tetsuya Oshima ◽  
Kojiro Iizuka
Keyword(s):  
Steady State ◽  
Estimation Method ◽  
Planetary Exploration ◽  
Experimental Result ◽  
Resistance Force ◽  
Estimation Model ◽  
Loose Soil ◽  
Key Factor ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Resistance Forces

Abstract Planetary exploration rovers have required a high traveling performance to overcome obstacles such as loose soil and rocks. Push-pull locomotion rovers is a unique scheme, like an inchworm, and it has high traveling performance on loose soil. Push-pull locomotion uses the resistance force by keeping a locked-wheel related to the ground, whereas the conventional rotational traveling uses the shear force from loose soil. The locked-wheel is a key factor for traveling in the push-pull scheme. Understanding the sinking behavior and its resistance force is useful information for estimating the rover’s performance. Previous studies have reported the soil motion under the locked-wheel, the traction, and the traveling behavior of the rover. These studies were, however, limited to the investigation of the resistance force and amount of sinkage for the particular condition depending on the rover. Additionally, the locked-wheel sinks into the soil until it obtains the required force for supporting the other wheels’ motion. How the amount of sinkage and resistance forces are generated at different wheel sizes and mass of an individual wheel has remained unclear, and its estimation method hasn’t existed. This study, therefore, addresses the relationship between the sinkage and its resistance force, and we analyze and consider this relationship via the towing experiment and theoretical consideration. The results revealed that the sinkage reached a steady-state value and depended on the contact area and mass of each wheel, and the maximum resistance force also depends on this sinkage. Additionally, the estimation model did not capture the same trend as the experimental results when the wheel width changed, whereas, the model captured a relatively the same trend as the experimental result when the wheel mass and diameter changed.

scholarly journals Synthesis, antibiotic structure–activity relationships, and cellulose dissolution studies of new room-temperature ionic liquids derived from lignin

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shihong Liu ◽  
Michael Gonzalez ◽  
Celine Kong ◽  
Scott Weir ◽  
Aaron M. Socha
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Ionic Liquids ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Oxidation Products ◽  
Cellulose Dissolution ◽  
Melting Points ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Alkyl Chains ◽  
Renewable Feedstocks ◽  
Commodity Chemicals

Abstract Background Ionic liquids (ILs) are promising pretreatment solvents for lignocellulosic biomass, but are largely prepared from petroleum precursors. Benzaldehydes from depolymerized lignin, such as vanillin, syringaldehyde, and 4-methoxy benzaldehyde, represent renewable feedstocks for the synthesis of ionic liquids. We herein report syntheses of novel lignin-derived ionic liquids, with extended N-alkyl chains, and examine their melting points, cellulose dissolution capacities, and toxicity profiles against Daphnia magna and E. coli strain 1A1. The latter organism has been engineered to produce isoprenol, a drop-in biofuel and precursor for commodity chemicals. Results The new N,N-diethyl and N,N-dipropyl methyl benzylammonium ILs were liquids at room temperature, showing 75–100 °C decreased melting points as compared to their N,N,N-trimethyl benzylammonium analog. Extension of N-alkyl chains also increased antibacterial activity threefold, while ionic liquids prepared from vanillin showed 2- to 4-fold lower toxicity as compared to those prepared from syringaldehyde and 4-methoxybenzaldehyde. The trend of antibacterial activity for anions of lignin-derived ILs was found to be methanesulfonate < acetate < hydroxide. Microcrystalline cellulose dissolution, from 2 to 4 wt% after 20 min at 100 °C, was observed in all new ILs using light microscopy and IR spectroscopy. Conclusions Ionic liquids prepared from H-, S- and G-lignin oxidation products provided differential cytotoxic activity against E. coli and D. magna, suggesting these compounds could be tailored for application specificity within a biorefinery.

scholarly journals Voltammetric sensor based on long alkyl chain tetraalkylammonium ionic liquids comprising ascorbate anion for determination of nitrite

2021 ◽  
Vol 188 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tomasz Rębiś ◽  
Michał Niemczak ◽  
Patrycja Płócienniczak ◽  
Juliusz Pernak ◽  
Grzegorz Milczarek
Keyword(s):  
Ionic Liquids ◽  
Electrostatic Interactions ◽  
Film Surface ◽  
Modified Electrodes ◽  
Voltammetric Sensor ◽  
Nitrite Oxidation ◽  
Alkyl Chains ◽  
Modified Surface ◽  
Influence Of Ph

AbstractAn electrochemical sensor was fabricated utilizing ionic liquids possessing cations with long alkyl chains such as trimethyl octadecylammonium and behenyl trimethylammonium and ascorbate anion. The ionic liquids were drop-coated onto the electrode. Thin modifying layers were prepared. Cyclic voltammetric investigations revealed electrostatic interactions between the electrochemical probes and the modified surface, proving that a positive charge was established at the film surface. Hence, negatively charged species such as nitrite can be pre-concentrated on the surface of presented modified electrodes. The fabricated electrodes have been used as a voltammetric sensor for nitrite. Due to the electrostatic accumulation properties of long alkyl cation, the assay exhibits a remarkable improvement in the voltammetric response toward nitrite oxidation. The influence of pH on the electrode response was thoroughly investigated, and the mechanism of the electrode was established. The developed sensor showed a linear electrochemical response in the range 1.0–50 μM with a detection limit of 0.1 μM. The electrode revealed good storage stability, reproducibility, and anti-interference ability. The determination of nitrite performed in curing salts brought satisfactory results. Graphical abstract

scholarly journals Significance of Crosslinking Approaches in the Development of Next Generation Hydrogels for Corneal Tissue Engineering

Pharmaceutics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 319
Author(s):  
Promita Bhattacharjee ◽  
Mark Ahearne
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Chemical Structure ◽  
Biochemical Properties ◽  
Corneal Tissue ◽  
Future Prospects ◽  
Chemical Additives ◽  
Injectable Hydrogels ◽  
Corneal Regeneration ◽  
Key Factor ◽  
Fuchs Endothelial Dystrophy

Medical conditions such as trachoma, keratoconus and Fuchs endothelial dystrophy can damage the cornea, leading to visual deterioration and blindness and necessitating a cornea transplant. Due to the shortage of donor corneas, hydrogels have been investigated as potential corneal replacements. A key factor that influences the physical and biochemical properties of these hydrogels is how they are crosslinked. In this paper, an overview is provided of different crosslinking techniques and crosslinking chemical additives that have been applied to hydrogels for the purposes of corneal tissue engineering, drug delivery or corneal repair. Factors that influence the success of a crosslinker are considered that include material composition, dosage, fabrication method, immunogenicity and toxicity. Different crosslinking techniques that have been used to develop injectable hydrogels for corneal regeneration are summarized. The limitations and future prospects of crosslinking strategies for use in corneal tissue engineering are discussed. It is demonstrated that the choice of crosslinking technique has a significant influence on the biocompatibility, mechanical properties and chemical structure of hydrogels that may be suitable for corneal tissue engineering and regenerative applications.

An Empirical Research on the Relationship between Real Estate Prices and Inflation

2011 ◽  
Vol 55-57 ◽  
pp. 1992-1996
Author(s):  
Tie Qun Li
Keyword(s):  
Real Estate ◽  
Stock Prices ◽  
Test Analysis ◽  
Social Demand ◽  
The Real Estate ◽  
Key Factor ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Labor Service ◽  
Real Estate Prices ◽  
The Relationship

The former researches referring to inflation and real estate prices concentrated mainly on the stock prices rather than the real estate prices. Owing to the enlarging ratio of real estate industry in national economy with each passing day, as well as the overheating real estate prices in recent years, the relationship between real estate prices and inflation is particularly vital to the monetary policy making for the monetary authorities. According to the test analysis of data from 2001 to 2009, it is found that real estate prices is Granger Cause of inflation while inflation is not the Granger Cause of real estate prices in this paper. Through the Effects of Wealth, Credit and Tobin, real estate prices drive the growth of social consumption and investments and expand the total social demand which possess an positive effect on inflation; nevertheless the rising of real estate prices causes the rising of currency for real estate purchasing, which, under the circumstance of that currency supply remains, will inevitably bring about the reduction of currency for other consumption and investments and restrain the total social demand which would mean a suppression of continuous rising of prices of other commodity and labor service. All these show that real estate also has a negative effect on inflation. The cancellations between the two effects make the long-term influence real estate bearing on inflation is not obvious. The experimental results indicate that when the price of real estate rises 1%, inflation only rises 0.058%. Consequently, a strict controlling of the amount of money issued is the key factor for keeping the over rapid rising of real estate prices from leading to inflation.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document