scholarly journals Property Evaluation of Cement-Stabilized Macadam Modified via Phosphorus Slag Materials

2022 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guoping Qian ◽  
Wei Liu ◽  
Xiangbing Gong ◽  
Xi Li ◽  
Yalong Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Waste Product ◽  
Fine Powder ◽  
Performance Comparison ◽  
Moisture Loss ◽  
Partial Replacement ◽  
Repeated Loading ◽  
Dry Density ◽  
Fine Aggregate ◽  
Maximum Dry Density

Phosphorus slag, known as the waste product of the phosphate ore industry, is causing critical environmental issues due to its direct exposure to natural spaces. In this article, a partial replacement of the natural fine aggregate ordinarily used in cement-stabilized macadam (CSM) base by phosphorus slag was explored to be an effective solution for phosphorus slag waste. CSM specimens were fabricated by adding various dosages of phosphorus slag particle and fine powder, whereas the optimum moisture content and maximum dry density were analyzed through compaction tests. Compressive strength, bending tensile strength, fatigue life span, dry shrinkage, and temperature shrinkage performance at different curing durations were investigated to evaluate the properties of modified macadam. Results show that phosphorus slag reduced the early compressive strength of CSM to a small extent, but the compressive strength finally increased at 90 days’ curing. The modified slag particles and slag fine powder exhibited different behaviors to repeated loading, moisture loss, and temperature difference. Finally, according to the strength change, fatigue performance comparison, and shrinkage strain caused by the incorporation of phosphorous slag materials into the CSM, it was verified that 25% of the particles to 40% of the fine powder is the best replacement ratio.

scholarly journals USE OF RECYCLED POLYPROPYLENE GRAINS AS PARTIAL REPLACEMENT OF FINE AGGREGATE IN REINFORCED CONCRETE BEAMS

2015 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 184-190 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph Olawale Akinyele ◽  
Ramhadhan Wanjala Salim ◽  
Gbolahan Oyeti
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Reinforced Concrete ◽  
Concrete Beams ◽  
Waste Product ◽  
Bending Moment ◽  
Reinforced Concrete Beams ◽  
Partial Replacement ◽  
Sieve Analysis ◽  
Fine Aggregate ◽  
Recycled Polypropylene

Waste product from polyethylene materials are non-biodegradable and they form the bulk of the materials been used today. This paper looked into how this waste product was recycled in to polypropylene grains of sizes <4.5 mm and used to partially replace fine aggregate in concrete. Sieve analysis was carried out on the recycled polypropylene waste. Reinforced concrete beams (600 mm x 150 mm x 200 mm) and concrete cubes (150 mm x 150 mm x 150 mm) were made from the mixture of the recycled material at different percentages of 0%, 4%, 8%, 12% and 16%. The beams were subjected to bending moment test, while the cubes were subjected to compressive strength test. Results revealed that 43.71% of polypropylene grains passed through the 4.75 mm sieve. The compressive strength of the 4% mixture was 16.28 N/mm2 while the control was 19.07 N/mm2. The bending moment test showed that the control mix has the highest value of 14.70 kNm, while the 12% and 16% has the lowest value of 8.40 kNm each. Deflections in the polypropylene mixes were generally higher than the control. The work concluded that recycled polypropylene grains can be used as partially replacement of fine aggregate in concrete at below 4% replacement.

scholarly journals Characterization and Comparison Research on Composite of Alluvial Clayey Soil Modified with Fine Aggregates of Construction Waste and Fly Ash

2021 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 83-95
Author(s):  
Qu Jili ◽  
Wang Junfeng ◽  
Batugin Andrian ◽  
Zhu Hao
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Fly Ash ◽  
Unconfined Compressive Strength ◽  
Clayey Soil ◽  
Dry Density ◽  
Maximum Dry Density ◽  
Construction Waste ◽  
Comparison Research ◽  
Fine Aggregates ◽  
Optimum Water Content

Abstract Fine aggregates of construction waste and fly ash were selected as additives to modify the characteristics of Shanghai clayey soil as a composite. The laboratory tests on consistency index, maximum dry density, and unconfined compressive strength were carried out mainly for the purpose of comparing the modifying effect on the composite from fine aggregates of construction waste with that from fly ash. It is mainly concluded from test results that the liquid and plastic limit of the composites increase with the content of two additives. But their maximum dry density all decreases with the additive content. However, fine aggregates of construction waste can increase the optimum water content of the composites, while fly ash on the contrary. Finally, although the two additive all can increase the unconfined compressive strength of composites, fly ash has better effect. The current conclusions are also compared with previous studies, which indicates that the current research results are not completely the same as those from other researchers.

Strength Assesment of Asphaltic Concrete using Bitumen, Natural Fibre and Stone Dust: A Critical Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (VI) ◽  
pp. 3044-3050
Author(s):  
Divesh Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Natural Fibre ◽  
Maximum Strength ◽  
Sisal Fiber ◽  
Partial Replacement ◽  
Fine Aggregate ◽  
Asphaltic Concrete ◽  
Stone Dust ◽  
Strength And Durability ◽  
Research Studies

In this review article, the usage of bitumen, sisal fiber and the sisal fiber for improving the strength parameters of concrete is discussed in detail. Numerous research studies related to the usage of bitumen, sisal fiber and stone dust are studied in detail to determine the results and outcome out of it. Previous research works showed that all, these materials were enhancing the strength and durability aspects of the concrete and depending upon the research studies certain outcomes has been drawn which are as follows. The studies related to the usage of the bitumen or asphalt in concrete so as to produce bituminous concrete or asphaltic concrete, the previous research works conclude that the maximum strength was attained at 5 percent usage of the bitumen and after further usage the general compressive strength of the concrete starts declining. The previous studies related to the usage of the sisal fiber showed that with the usage of the sisal fiber in the concrete, the strength aspects of concrete were improving and the maximum strength was obtained at 1.5 percent usage of the sisal fiber and after his the strength starts declining. Further the studies related to the usage of the stone dust showed that with the usage of stone dust as partial replacement of the natural fine aggregate the compressive strength of the concrete was improving and it was conclude that with the increase in the percentage of the stone dust, the compressive strength of the concrete was increasing.

Utilization of Cockle Shell (Anadara Granosa) as Partial Replacement of Fine Aggregates in Concrete

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 96-103
Author(s):  
Ranno Marlany Rachman ◽  
Try Sugiyarto Soeparyanto ◽  
Edward Ngii
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
National Standard ◽  
Partial Replacement ◽  
Fine Aggregate ◽  
Concrete Compressive Strength ◽  
Concrete Technology ◽  
Normal Concrete ◽  
Fine Aggregates ◽  
Blood Clam ◽  
Anadara Granosa

This research aimed to utilize Anadara Granosa (Blood clam shell) clamshell waste as a new innovation in concrete technology and to investigate the effect of Anadara Granosa clamshell powder utilization as an aggregate substitution on the concrete compressive strength. The sample size was made of cylinders with a size of 10 cm x 20 cm with variations of clamshell powder 10%, 20% and 30% from the fine aggregate volume then soaked for 28 days as per the method of the Indonesian National Standard. The evaluation results exhibited that the slump value exceeded the slump value of normal concrete with a slump value of 0% = 160 mm, 10% = 165 mm, 20% = 180 mm and 30% = 180 mm. Additionally, it was found that the concrete compressive strength obtained post 28 days were 20.78 Mpa, 21.95 Mpa, 21.17 Mpa and 24.28 Mpa for normal concrete (0%), substitution concrete (10%), substitution concrete (20%) and substitution concrete (30%), respectively. Leading on from these results, it was concluded that the increment of Anadara Granosa clamshell powder substitution led to the increase of concrete compressive strength test.

scholarly journals Partial Replacement of Cement with Waste Paper Sludge Ash

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. 1975-1983
Author(s):  
Shahid Bashir
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Water Absorption ◽  
Cement Industry ◽  
Waste Paper ◽  
Partial Replacement ◽  
Dry Density ◽  
Paper Sludge ◽  
Paper Sludge Ash ◽  
Sludge Ash

Abstract: Cement production is one of the sources that emit carbon dioxide, in addition to deforestation and combustion of fossil fuels also leads to ill effects on environment. The global cement industry accounts for 7% of earth’s greenhouse gas emission. To enhance the environmental effects associated with cement manufacturing and to constantly deplore natural resources, we need to develop other binders to make the concrete industry sustainable. This work offers the option to use waste paper sludge ash as a partial replacement of cement for new concrete. In this study cement in partially replaced as 5%, 10%, 15% and 20% by waste paper sludge ash in concrete for M25 mix and tested for compressive strength, tensile strength, water absorption and dry density up to the age of 28days and compared it with conventional concrete, based on the results obtained, it is found that waste paper ash may be used as a cement replacement up to 5% by weight and the particle size is less the 90µm to prevent reduction in workability. Keywords: slump test, Compressive strength, split tensile strength, water absorption test, Waste Paper Sludge Ash Concrete, Workability.

scholarly journals Comparison of Conventional Concrete and Replacement of River Sand by Waste Foundry Sand and Cement by Nano-Silica

2020 ◽  
pp. 201-205
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Investigation ◽  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Partial Replacement ◽  
Fine Aggregate ◽  
Nano Silica ◽  
River Sand ◽  
Conventional Concrete ◽  
Foundry Sand ◽  
Concrete Production ◽  
Waste Foundry Sand

This paper presents an experimental investigation on the properties of concrete in which like cement is partially replacing by used nano silica and is partially replacing by used waste foundry sand. Because now a day the world wide consumption of sand as cement and as fine aggregate in concrete production is very high. Nano silica and waste foundry sand are major by product of casting industry and create land pollution. The cement will be replaced with nano silica and the river sand will be replaced with waste foundry sand (0%, 5%, 10%, 15%, 20%). This experimental investigation was done and found out that with the increase in the nano silica and waste foundry sand ratio. Compression test has been done to find out the compressive strength of concrete at the age of 7, 14, 21, and 28. Test result indicates in increasing compressive strength of plain concrete by inclusion of nano silica as a partial replacement of cement and waste foundry sand as a partial replacement of fine aggregate.

scholarly journals Use of Recycled Tyre Rubber in Non-structural Concrete

2018 ◽  
Vol 203 ◽  
pp. 06001
Author(s):  
Muhammad Bilal Waris ◽  
Hussain Najwani ◽  
Khalifa Al-Jabri ◽  
Abdullah Al-Saidy
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Water Absorption ◽  
Coarse Aggregate ◽  
Partial Replacement ◽  
Fine Aggregate ◽  
Structural Concrete ◽  
Cement Ratio ◽  
Mix Proportion ◽  
Water To Cement Ratio ◽  
Concrete Blocks

To manage tyre waste and conserve natural aggregate resource, this research investigates the use of waste tyre rubber as partial replacement of fine aggregates in non-structural concrete. The research used Taguchi method to study the influence of mix proportion, water-to-cement ratio and tyre rubber replacement percentage on concrete. Nine mixes were prepared with mix proportion of 1:2:4, 1:5:4 and 1:2.5:3; water-to-cement ratio of 0.25, 0.35 and 0.40 and rubber to fine aggregate replacement of 20%, 30% and 40%. Compressive strength and water absorption tests were carried out on 100 mm cubes. Compressive strength was directly proportional to the amount of coarse aggregate in the mix. Water-to-cement ratio increased the strength within the range used in the study. Strength was found to be more sensitive to the overall rubber content than the replacement ratio. Seven out of the nine mixes satisfied the minimum strength requirement for concrete blocks set by ASTM. Water absorption and density for all mixes satisfied the limits applicable for concrete blocks. The study indicates that mix proportions with fine to coarse aggregate ratio of less than 1.0 and w/c ratio around 0.40 can be used with tyre rubber replacements of up to 30 % to satisfy requirements for non-structural concrete.

scholarly journals Effect of basalt powder addition on properties of mortar

2019 ◽  
Vol 262 ◽  
pp. 06002 ◽  
Author(s):  
Magdalena Dobiszewska ◽  
Waldemar Pichór ◽  
Paulina Szołdra
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Flexural Strength ◽  
Beneficial Effect ◽  
Cement Paste ◽  
Cement Hydration ◽  
Asphalt Mixture ◽  
Partial Replacement ◽  
Fine Aggregate ◽  
Freeze Resistance ◽  
Powder Addition

The study evaluates the use of waste basalt powder as a replacement of cement to enhance hydration of cement and mortar properties. The basalt powder is a waste resulting from preparation of aggregate used in asphalt mixture production. Previous studies have shown that analysed waste used as a fine aggregate replacement has a beneficial effect on some properties of mortar and concrete, i.e. compressive strength, flexural strength and freeze resistance. The present study shows the results of the research concerning the modification of cement paste and mortar with basalt powder. The modification consists in adding the powder waste as a partial replacement of cement. The percentages of basalt powder in this research are 0-40% and 0-20% by mass of cement in the pastes and mortars respectively. The experiments were carried out to determine the influence of basalt powder on cement hydration, as well as compressive and flexural strength. Results indicate that addition of basalt powder as a replacement of cement leads to deterioration of compressive strength. The flexural strength of mortar is improved in some cases. Waste basalt powder only slightly influences the cement hydration.

Compressive Strength Analysis of Ionic Soil Stabilizer Improving Soil

2015 ◽  
Vol 667 ◽  
pp. 341-346 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jue Qiang Tao ◽  
Wen Yan Lin ◽  
Xiao Hua Luo ◽  
Xin Qiu ◽  
Jin Hong Wu
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Strength Analysis ◽  
Dry Density ◽  
Optimal Dosage ◽  
Maximum Dry Density ◽  
Soil Stabilizer ◽  
Limit Test ◽  
Stabilized Soil ◽  
Compaction Degree ◽  
Curing Age

To explore the ionic liquid soil stabilizer improved soil mechanical properties, this experiment conducted liquid-plastic limit test and compaction test. On the basis of determining the optimal dosage of ionic soil stabilizer and mastering different mixture optimum moisture content and maximum dry density, the standard sample which consists of the Zhejiang red-brown clay and curing material including ionic soil stabilizer, cement and lime carried out the unconfined compressive strength test in different curing age and compaction degree. This paper analyzed the change reason of compaction and curing age about the stabilized soil. The results show that the ionic soil stabilizer has a significant effect on the compressive strength improvement of stabilized soil. Compared stabilized soil with traditional treatment soil, the compressive strength of stabilized soil has improved obviously with the increase of curing age and compaction degree. Research findings provide useful technical support and practice basis for promoting and applying ionic soil stabilizer in infrastructure construction.

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