scholarly journals Effects of Oat Varieties and Growing Locations on Seed-Borne Fungal Communities

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jianjun Wang ◽  
Xuekai Wei ◽  
Taixiang Chen ◽  
James F. White ◽  
Guiqin Zhao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fungal Diversity ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Pathogenic Fungi ◽  
Fungal Communities ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Taxon Richness ◽  
Alpha And Beta Diversity ◽  
Fungal Abundance ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Oat Seeds

Many species of seed-borne fungi are closely allied with seed varieties and growing regions, including many seed-borne pathogens, but their species richness and distribution remain largely unknown. This study was conducted to explore the seed-borne fungal composition, abundance and diversity in Avena sativa (B7) and A. nuda (B2) seed samples collected from Baicheng (BB), Dingxi (DB) and Haibei (HB) city, using Illumina sequencing techniques. Our results show that a total of 543,707 sequences were obtained and these were assigned to 244 operational taxonomic units (OTUs) with 97% similarity. Oat varieties and growing locations had a significant difference on seed-borne fungal diversity. HB had a higher fungal diversity than BB and DB, Shannon diversity and ACE richness index of fungal in HB seeds was significantly higher than in BB and DB (P < 0.05). In different varieties, both taxon richness and evenness of B7 seeds was significantly higher than B2 (P < 0.05). A total of 4 fungal phyla and 26 fungal genera were detected. Ascomycota was the dominant phylum and Alternaria sp. was the most abundant genus in B2 and B7 oat seeds from different regions. Mycosphaerella sp. had a higher abundance in HB7 and DB7, respectively, Epicoccum sp. had a higher abundance in HB7 and BB7. The results of alpha and beta diversity analysis revealed the presence of different effects in fungal communities of different varieties and regions of oat, especially in seed pathogenic fungi distribution. Structural equation modeling also explained oat varieties and growing regions have significant influences on seed-borne fungal abundance, composition and diversity. This study demonstrated that the differences of varieties and regions are the main factors resulting in the changes of seed-borne fungal community of oat.

scholarly journals An Experimental Evidence on Eco-Friendly Advertisement Appeals and Intention to Use Bio-Nanomaterial Plastics: Institutional Collectivism and Performance Orientation as Moderators

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 791 ◽  
Author(s):  
Syed Hassan Raza ◽  
Umer Zaman ◽  
Moneeba Iftikhar ◽  
Owais Shafique
Keyword(s):  
Structural Equation ◽  
Two Dimensions ◽  
Cultural Dimensions ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Intention To Use ◽  
Advertising Appeals ◽  
Sustainable Solutions ◽  
Performance Orientation ◽  
Significant Difference

Plastic waste management has become a serious environmental and health concern owing to large amounts of plastic deposits globally. Recently, innovative and sustainable solutions have been introduced (e.g., bio-nanomaterial plastics) to overcome the growing environmental threats. Hence, green marketers need to develop effective advertising campaigns to enhance the usage of bio-nanomaterial plastics. Past literature has suggested that cultural value-laden advertising appeals can give sustainable behavioral cues to consumers. Hence, this research unfolds the underlying cultural dimensions between the value-laden eco-friendly advertising appeals and intention to use bio-nanomaterial plastics (henceforth IBP). The present study proposes a moderating model in which two dimensions presented in the Global Leadership and Organizational Behavior Effectiveness (henceforth GLOBE) framework interact with the individuals’ perception of eco-friendly advertising appeals (henceforth IPEA) to drive bio-nanomaterial plastics usage. The model was tested by conducting an experimental study on a sample of 364 Pakistani consumers. Findings of structural equation modeling show a significant difference in the relationship between IPEA and IBP, which is moderated by the performance orientation (henceforth PO) and institutional collectivism (henceforth IC) dimensions with diverse intensity. These findings validate the effectiveness of PO and IC (as cultural dimensions) and eco-friendly advertisements that can potentially promote the consumption of bio-nanomaterials plastic.

Impact of the Content Characteristic of Short Message Service Advertising on Consumer Attitudes

2014 ◽  
Vol 42 (9) ◽  
pp. 1409-1419 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hongyan Lin ◽  
Xing Zhou ◽  
Zhankui Chen
Keyword(s):  
Structural Equation ◽  
Short Message Service ◽  
Consumer Attitudes ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Short Message ◽  
Mediating Role ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Message Service ◽  
Attitudes Toward Advertising ◽  
Negative Effect

We examined the influence of the overall content characteristic of short message service (SMS) advertising on consumer attitudes toward advertising on mobile devices. Attitudes of 246 Chinese (145 women, 101 men) toward permission-based SMS advertising received on electronic products were measured using structural equation modeling. Results showed that of the 4 dimensions of the overall content characteristic, entertainment, informativeness, and credibility positively and significantly influenced the attitude of consumers, whereas irritation had a negative effect. In addition, the overall content characteristic significantly impacted on consumer attitudes, with advertising value playing a mediating role. Finally, the influencing path coefficients revealed a significant difference according to gender. The credibility dimension had a greater impact on attitude toward the overall content characteristic for women than for men. Theoretical and practical implications are discussed.

scholarly journals Factor affecting user satisfaction in agricultural e-commerce applications: Facing the new normal

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (02) ◽  
pp. 49-60
Author(s):  
Alfa Nursyamiza Nusifera ◽  
Mukhamad Najib ◽  
Kirbrandoko Kirbrandoko
Keyword(s):  
User Satisfaction ◽  
Consumer Satisfaction ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Information Quality ◽  
Loyalty Programs ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Retail Business ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Age Range ◽  
Customer Satisfaction And Loyalty

Agricultural E-Commerce with a retail business model has a big challenge to become an alternative sales distribution of agricultural products. Consumer satisfaction and loyalty can be a strategy for companies to maintain and increase sales. The purpose of this study was to analyze the users of agricultural e-commerce application characteristics and variables that affect customer satisfaction and loyalty. It was conducted by a survey in the Greater Jakarta area, Indonesia. Research data were collected using a questionnaire with a convenience sampling method to 170 respondents. The majorities of respondents were women with an age range of 20-30 years. Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) results show that there is a significant influence between information quality, design, response, security, delivery on satisfaction, and satisfaction with loyalty. On the other hand, there is no significant difference between ability, payment, user service, and satisfaction. Companies can create loyalty programs to increase product purchase retention in agricultural e-commerce.

scholarly journals Factors Influencing Intention to Use Web 2.0 in Indonesian Vocational High Schools

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (05) ◽  
pp. 100
Author(s):  
Lantip Diat Prasojo ◽  
Akhmad Habibi ◽  
Amirul Mukminin ◽  
Sofyan Sofyan ◽  
Boy Indrayana ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Schools ◽  
Web 2.0 ◽  
Technology Acceptance ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Teaching And Learning ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Intention To Use ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Vocational High Schools

e-learning based on Web 2.0 applications is widely available for education to support teaching and learning efficiency and effectiveness. The objective of this research is to examine factors influencing teachers’ intention to use of Web 2.0 into teaching in Indonesian Vocational High Schools (VHSs) using Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) and Technological Pedagogical Content Knowledge (TPACK) frameworks. Based on these two frameworks, we developed a survey instrument and validated it through face and content validity. For the data analysis, we applied exploratory factorial analyses (EFA). To assess the model, a covariance-based structural equation modeling (CB-SEM) was used. The study involved 640 respondents who completed 35 online instrument items of seven validated variables. Results informed that there was a significant difference based on gender regarding intention to use Web 2.0; however, no significant differences were informed based on age and teaching subject. Besides, the findings also informed that TPACK, subjective norm, and facilitating condition significantly influenced intention to use Web 2.0.

Development and investigating the effectiveness of an integrated school-based program for changing attitude toward substance abuse based on philosophy for children components and emotional intelligence

2017 ◽  
Vol 41 (S1) ◽  
pp. S336-S336
Author(s):  
H. Rezaee ◽  
A. Shafiabady ◽  
Y. Ghaedi ◽  
A. Delavar ◽  
M. Esmaeili ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Substance Abuse ◽  
Emotional Intelligence ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Philosophy For Children ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
School Based ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Students Attitudes

BackgroundSubstance abuse in the youth is one of the major problems of any society. The research purpose was the development of a program for changing female adolescents’ attitude toward substance abuse and evaluating its effectiveness.MethodsTo develop the treatment, important variables influencing in shaping attitudes toward substance abuse were selected. Afterwards, structural equation modeling approach was conducted for examining the relationship among variables (emotional intelligence, critical thinking, caring thinking and reasoning) and identifying significant paths and variables. Based on these variables, a program developed for changing students’ attitudes. To evaluate effectiveness of programs a pretest-post test design with the control group was used. Random sampling was carried out for selecting 26 students attending senior high schools in district 2 of Tehran. Then, sample randomly assigned in experimental and control groups. Experimental group exposed to philosophy for children intervention in the form of community of inquiry. Control group didn’t receive the intervention. The data were collected from Nazari's questionnaire for attitude toward substance abuse.ResultsANCOVA revealed that based on a composite score of attitude toward substance abuse (adjusting pretest effect), there is a significant difference between two groups at 0.99 significance level (partial = 0.329, P < 0.001, = 11.28).ConclusionsIt is recommended that the school based program should be used for developing and strengthen the students’ attitude based on exploring itself, rather than simply giving awareness about substance abuse. In this treatment, rather than highlighting accumulating knowledge, put emphasis on, thinking, decision-making, and management of emotions.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

scholarly journals Using Customer Review Systems to Support Purchase Decisions

2021 ◽  
Vol 29 (6) ◽  
pp. 0-0
Keyword(s):  
Structural Equation ◽  
Online Reviews ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Online Review ◽  
Purchase Decision ◽  
Intention To Use ◽  
Purchase Decisions ◽  
Sources Of Information ◽  
User Attitudes ◽  
Significant Difference

Online reviews have emerged as influential sources of information which greatly affect customers’ pre-purchase decision. Some studies have found that culture impacts online reviews, but many aspects of online review usage are still not well-understood. This study seeks to understand: What factors influence the usage of online reviews and consumers’ intention to use online reviews influenced by culture? This study collects data from U.S. and Thai consumers to examine what factors affect user attitudes and intentions. Structural Equation Modeling is used to analyze the data and the findings reveal that most of the proposed factors influence online review adoption for these two nationalities. One significant difference was found between the respondents of the two countries. The results should help online businesses gain a better understanding of these factors, and thus direct their efforts to develop features which positively influence online review usage.

scholarly journals Diversity of wood-inhabiting fungi in woodpecker nest cavities in southern Poland

2019 ◽  
Vol 54 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert Jankowiak ◽  
Michał Ciach ◽  
Piotr Bilański ◽  
Riikka Linnakoski
Keyword(s):  
Fungal Diversity ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Pathogenic Fungi ◽  
Common Species ◽  
Preliminary Evidence ◽  
Nondestructive Method ◽  
Fungal Communities ◽  
Southern Poland ◽  
Tree Cavities ◽  
Survival And Reproduction

Globally, tree-holes are important ecological component of forest and woodlands. Numerous microorganisms rely on cavities, both natural and those excavated by primary cavity nesting birds, mainly by woodpeckers, for their survival and reproduction. However, the fungi occurring in cavities are not well characterized. Specifically, very little is known about the fungal communities inhabiting the woodpecker nest cavities. Therefore, in this study, we investigated the fungal diversity of cavities in southern Poland. The samples were collected from freshly excavated woodpecker nest cavities using a nondestructive method (ND). The spatial distribution of fungal communities within the cavities was evaluated by sampling different parts of a single cavity using a destructive method (D). We detected 598 fungal isolates that included 64 species in three phyla and 16 orders using the ND method. Most of the fungi isolated from the cavities represented the phylum Ascomycota (73.9% of the isolates) with 11 orders, and Microascales was the predominant order (30% of the isolates). The most common species detected was <em>Petriella musispora</em>, which was isolated from 65% of the cavities. A total of 150 isolates (25%) were members of Basidiomycota, with Hymenochaetales being the dominant order (16% of the isolates). The basidiomycetous fungi were isolated from 55% of the cavities. Several taxa closely related to the pathogenic fungi and associated with secondary animal infections were detected in the wood of cavities. We identified different fungal communities in the three cavity parts using the D method. The cavity entrance had more number of species than the middle and bottom parts. The results of this study advanced our current knowledge on the mycobiota in woodpecker nest cavities and provided preliminary evidence for tree cavities being the hotspot for fungal diversity.

scholarly journals Dental Caries and Associated Factors in 3–5-Year-Old Children in Guizhou Province, China: An Epidemiological Survey (2015–2016)

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Min Guan ◽  
Ola A. Nada ◽  
Juan-juan Wu ◽  
Jiang-ling Sun ◽  
Na Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dental Caries ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Public Awareness ◽  
Guizhou Province ◽  
Deciduous Teeth ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Caries Prevalence ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Significant Difference

Objective: This study aimed to explore the factors influencing dental caries among 3–5-year-old children in Guizhou Province and the interrelationship between these factors using structural equation modeling, while providing theoretical references to improve the prevention and control strategy.Materials and Methods: A total of 1,291 children aged 3–5 years in Guizhou Province were selected by a multistage stratified and whole group random sampling to examine the caries prevalence in whole-mouth deciduous teeth crowns, and parents were surveyed with questionnaires to analyze the caries-related factors. IBM SPSS Statistics v 23.0 software (IBM, Armonk, NY, USA) was used for statistical analysis.Results: The caries prevalence of children aged 3–5 years in Guizhou Province was 63.1%, the mean decayed-missing-filled teeth was 3.32, the caries filling rate was 0.5%, and there was no statistically significant difference between urban and rural areas and among genders in each age group; results of logistic regression analysis showed that the caries risk increased with the following factors: age, brushing frequency &lt;2 times per day when parents did not take their children to the dentist, and with parents poor evaluation of the oral condition of their children. The higher the education of the parent, the lower the risk of children suffering from caries in deciduous teeth.Conclusions: With an overall poor situation about oral hygiene habits, oral healthcare attitude of the parents, and behavior transformation, the prevalence of dental caries in the deciduous teeth of children aged 3–5 years in Guizhou Province is high, and their caries status was severe, with more than 99% of the caries cases that were untreated. Therefore, prevention and treatment measures of caries in preschool children need strengthening through the improvement of public awareness and the enhancement of the management of oral health habits of their children.

Relationships between negative exchanges and depressive symptoms in older couples: The moderating roles of care and gender

2019 ◽  
Vol 37 (3) ◽  
pp. 843-864 ◽  
Author(s):  
Minyoung Kwak ◽  
Berit Ingersoll-Dayton
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Moderating Effects ◽  
Older Couples ◽  
Care Recipients ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
And Gender

Marital relationships have a significant impact on older adults’ well-being. However, when contending with spousal illness or disability, negative exchanges may be particularly detrimental. This study examines the extent to which negative spousal exchanges have more impact on caregiving versus non-caregiving couples. Using dyadic analyses, this investigation compares three different groups consisting of (a) couples who did not provide or receive care, (b) couples in which husbands received care from their wives, and (c) couples in which wives received care from their husbands. We tested for gender differences in the effect of negative exchanges on depressive symptoms among caregivers and care recipients. Based on the 2012 and 2014 Health and Retirement Study, the sample consisted of 3,530 couples in which at least one of the spouses was aged 51 or over. Structural equation modeling was used to test the moderating effects of care and gender. Sociodemographic characteristics were included as control variables. Results indicated that there were significant differences in the magnitude of the path between negative exchanges and depressive symptoms across the subgroups. Among husbands, there was a stronger relationship between negative exchanges and depressive symptoms for care-receiving husbands than for caregiving husbands or husbands in non-caregiving relationships. Among wives, however, there was no significant difference in the path from negative exchanges with spouses to depressive symptoms across care status. We also found gender differences in the effect of negative exchanges on depressive symptoms among caregivers, but not among care recipients. Findings suggest that care status and gender of caregivers and care recipients have significant effects on the association between negative interactions within couples and mental health outcomes.

scholarly journals Does Generation Moderate the Effect of Total Rewards on Employee Retention? Evidence From Jordan

SAGE Open ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 215824402095703
Author(s):  
Ayman Alhmoud ◽  
Husam Rjoub
Keyword(s):  
Generation X ◽  
Generation Y ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Employee Retention ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Extrinsic Rewards ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Total Rewards ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Social Rewards

Skill shortages along with changes in employee demographics have required that employers reconsider hitherto undifferentiated retention strategies in favor of a more targeted approach that accounts for precisely which total reward factors induce retention among talented employees. One notable gap in corresponding research is insufficient empirical data regarding the impact of employees’ generation on the relation between total rewards and retention. This article addresses existed gab(s) in the literature by exploring how total rewards—categorized into extrinsic, intrinsic, and social rewards—influence retention among two distinct groups in today’s labor force, Generation X and Generation Y, via surveys conducted among schoolteachers in Jordan. A total of 250 copies of structured questionnaire were administered to the high school teachers in the eastern areas of Jordan, while partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) was employed for the model analysis, and multigroup analysis was conducted to determine the moderating effects of generations. Findings revealed that no statistically significant difference in terms of the total rewards–employee retention relationship exists between the two generations. For both generations, extrinsic rewards had a significant impact on retention, while social rewards had none. Intrinsic rewards proved effective among Generation Y though not Generation X employees although the difference was minimal. Ultimately, in recruiting and managing employees of both generations in Jordan’s education sector, the results of this study indicate that employers should channel their resources primarily into providing attractive extrinsic rewards.

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