scholarly journals Long-Term Efficacy of Neoadjuvant Concurrent Chemoradiotherapy for Potentially Resectable Advanced Siewert Type II and III Adenocarcinomas of the Esophagogastric Junction

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuan Tian ◽  
Jun Wang ◽  
Xueying Qiao ◽  
Jun Zhang ◽  
Yong Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Concurrent Chemoradiotherapy ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
R0 Resection ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Resection Rate ◽  
Siewert Type ◽  
Siewert Type Ii ◽  
Her 2 ◽  
And Control

BackgroundReports have shown that neoadjuvant concurrent chemoradiotherapy (nCRT) increases the R0 resection rate for patients with Siewert type II or III adenocarcinoma of the gastroesophageal junction (AEG). However, the long-term efficacy of nCRT for AEG patients remains unclear. In this multicenter study, we investigated the long-term results of AEG patients treated with nCRT.MethodsA total of 149 patients with potentially resectable advanced AEG (T3/4, Nany, M0) were randomly divided into two groups: the nCRT-treated group (treated group) (n = 76) and the surgery group (control group) (n = 73). The primary endpoint was disease-free survival (DFS), and the secondary outcome indexes included the R0 resection rate, HER-2 expression, tumor regression grade (TRG), objective response rate (ORR), disease control rate (DCR), overall survival (OS), and adverse events.ResultsIn the treated group, the overall therapeutic efficacy rate was 40.8%, and the pathological complete response (pCR) rate was 16.9%. The rates of patients who underwent R0 resection in the treated and control groups were 97.0% and 87.7%, respectively (p < 0.05). The toxic effects were mainly graded 1–2 in the treated group. The median DFS times in the treated and control groups were 33 and 27 months, respectively (p = 0.08), whereas the median OS times were 39 and 30 months, respectively (p = 0.01). The median DFS times of patients with positive and negative HER-2 expression in the treated group were 13 and 43 months, respectively (p = 0.01), and the median OS times were 27 and 41 months, respectively (p = 0.01).ConclusionSurgery after nCRT improved the efficacy of treatment for AEG patients and thus provided a better prognosis.Clinical Trial RegistrationThe trial is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov (number NCT01962246).

A randomized trial of levamisole versus placebo as adjuvant therapy in malignant melanoma.

1991 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 736-740 ◽  
Author(s):  
L E Spitler
Keyword(s):  
Malignant Melanoma ◽  
Adjuvant Therapy ◽  
Randomized Trial ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Disease Free Interval ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Long Term Follow Up ◽  
And Control

We conducted a long-term follow-up (median, 10.5 years) of patients included in a randomized trial of levamisole versus placebo as surgical adjuvant therapy in 203 patients with malignant melanoma. Of the patients randomized, 104 received levamisole, and 99 received placebo. The results show that there is no difference between the treatment and control groups with regard to any of the three end points analyzed. These included disease-free interval, time to appearance of visceral metastasis, and survival. Moreover, there was no significant difference between the treatment and control groups after adjusting for age, sex, or stage of disease.

scholarly journals Effect of an extract of Aloe vera on the biodistribution of sodium pertechnetate (Na99mTcO4) in rats

2009 ◽  
Vol 24 (5) ◽  
pp. 383-386 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cecília Maria de Carvalho Xavier Holanda ◽  
Monique Batista da Costa ◽  
Natália Chilinque Zambão da Silva ◽  
Maurício Ferreira da Silva Júnior ◽  
Vanessa Santos de Arruda Barbosa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Extract ◽  
Aloe Vera ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Blood Levels ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
High Increase ◽  
Tropical Plant ◽  
And Control ◽  
The Brain

PURPOSE: Aloe vera is a tropical plant popularly known in Brazil as babosa. We have investigated the effect of aqueous extract of Aloe vera on the biodistribution of Na99mTcO4 and laboratorial parameters in Wistar rats. METHODS: Twelve animals were divided into treated and control groups. In the treated group, Aloe vera was given by gavage (5mg/mL/day) during 10 days. The control group received sorbitol by the same way and period. One hour after the last dose, we injected 0.1mL of Na99mTcO4 by orbital plexus. After 60 min, all the animals were killed. Samples were harvested from the brain, liver, heart, muscle, pancreas, stomach, femur, kidneys, blood, testis and thyroid and the percentage of radioactivity (%ATI/g) was determined. Biochemical dosages were performed. RESULTS: There was a significant increase of %ATI/g in blood, femur, kidneys, liver, stomach, testis and thyroid and also in blood levels of AST and ALT. A significant decrease in levels of glucose, cholesterol, triglycerides, creatinine and urea occurred. The statistical analyses were performed by Mann-Whitney test and T-Student test (p<0.05). CONCLUSION: The aqueous extract of Aloe vera facilitated the uptake of Na99mTcO4 in organs of rats and it was responsible to a high increase of levels of AST and ALT.

scholarly journals EEG Based Classification of Long-Term Stress Using Psychological Labeling

Sensors ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (7) ◽  
pp. 1886 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sanay Muhammad Umar Saeed ◽  
Syed Muhammad Anwar ◽  
Humaira Khalid ◽  
Muhammad Majid ◽  
Ulas Bagci
Keyword(s):  
Objective Measure ◽  
Machine Learning Algorithms ◽  
Support Vector ◽  
Eeg Signal ◽  
Expert Evaluation ◽  
Clinical Practices ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Alpha Asymmetry ◽  
And Control

Stress research is a rapidly emerging area in the field of electroencephalography (EEG) signal processing. The use of EEG as an objective measure for cost effective and personalized stress management becomes important in situations like the nonavailability of mental health facilities. In this study, long-term stress was classified with machine learning algorithms using resting state EEG signal recordings. The labeling for the stress and control groups was performed using two currently accepted clinical practices: (i) the perceived stress scale score and (ii) expert evaluation. The frequency domain features were extracted from five-channel EEG recordings in addition to the frontal and temporal alpha and beta asymmetries. The alpha asymmetry was computed from four channels and used as a feature. Feature selection was also performed to identify statistically significant features for both stress and control groups (via t-test). We found that support vector machine was best suited to classify long-term human stress when used with alpha asymmetry as a feature. It was observed that the expert evaluation-based labeling method had improved the classification accuracy by up to 85.20%. Based on these results, it is concluded that alpha asymmetry may be used as a potential bio-marker for stress classification, when labels are assigned using expert evaluation.

scholarly journals Comparative Evaluation of Infected and NoninfectedAmblyomma tristeTicks withRickettsia parkeri, the Agent of an Emerging Rickettsiosis in the New World

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. A. Nieri-Bastos ◽  
M. P. J. Szabó ◽  
R. C. Pacheco ◽  
J. F. Soares ◽  
H. S. Soares ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Infected Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Rickettsia Parkeri ◽  
Amblyomma Triste ◽  
Vertebrate Hosts ◽  
Domestic Rabbits ◽  
And Control ◽  
Term Maintenance

The distribution ofRickettsia parkeriin South America has been associated withAmblyomma tristeticks. The present study evaluated under laboratory conditions two colonies ofA. triste: one started from engorged females that were naturally infected byR. parkeri(designated as infected group); the other started from noninfected females (designated as control group). Both colonies were reared in parallel for five consecutive generations. Tick-naïve domestic rabbits were used for feeding of each tick stage and generation.R. parkeriwas preserved by transstadial maintenance and transovarial transmission inA. tristeticks for five consecutive generations, because all tested larvae, nymphs, and adults from the infected group were shown by PCR to contain rickettsial DNA. All rabbits infested by larvae, nymphs, and adults from the infected group seroconverted, indicating that these tick stages were all vector competent forR. parkeri. Expressive differences in mortality rates were observed between engorged nymphs from the infected and control groups, as indicated by 65.9% and 92.4% molting success, respectively. Our results indicate thatA. tristecan act as a natural reservoir forR. parkeri. However, due to deleterious effect caused byR. parkerion engorged nymphs, amplifier vertebrate hosts might be necessary for natural long-term maintenance ofR. parkeriinA. triste.

Neoadjuvant chemotherapy plus surgery for high-risk advanced gastric cancer: Long-term results of KDOG1001 trial.

2020 ◽  
Vol 38 (15_suppl) ◽  
pp. 4521-4521
Author(s):  
Kei Hosoda ◽  
Mizutomo Azuma ◽  
Chikatoshi Katada ◽  
Kenji Ishido ◽  
Masahiro Niihara ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy ◽  
Long Term Results ◽  
R0 Resection ◽  
Resection Rate ◽  
Node Metastasis ◽  
Large Type ◽  
Bulky N2 ◽  
Type 3

4521 Background: In the phase 2, open-label, KDOG1001 (UMIN000003642) study, neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) with docetaxel, cisplatin, and S-1 (DCS), followed by gastrectomy with D2 lymph node dissection for high-risk advanced gastric cancer showed feasibility of DCS therapy with an enough R0 resection rate of 90%. Here we present long-term results after a minimum follow-up of 3 years. Methods: Patients with bulky node metastasis (bulky N), linitis plastica (type 4), or large ulcero-invasive-type tumors (type 3) received up to four 28-day cycles of DCS neoadjuvant chemotherapy (docetaxel at 40 mg/m2, cisplatin at 60 mg/m2 on day 1, and S-1 at 40 mg/m2 twice daily for 2 weeks) followed by gastrectomy with D2 lymphadenectomy. This analysis presents the final preplanned assessment of outcomes after 3 years. Primary endpoint was R0 resection rate. Secondary endpoints included overall survival (OS), progression free survival (PFS), completion rate of the protocol treatment, and pathological response rate (pRR) of DCS NAC. Results: Of 40 patients enrolled from May 2010 through January 2017, 7 (17.5%) had bulky N, 18 (45.0%) had type 4, and 16 (40%) had large type 3 with 1 (2.5%) having both large type 3 and bulky N2. All included patients underwent preoperative DCS chemotherapy followed by surgery with D2 lymphadenectomy with 32 (80%) completed postoperative S-1 therapy for 1 year. After a median follow-up for surviving patients of 67 mo (range, 36 mo to 110 mo) at the last follow-up in January 2020, 3-year OS was 78% [95% confidence interval (CI) 62–88%], while 3-year PFS was 63% (95% CI 47–76%). Completion rate of the protocol treatment was 62.5% (25/40) with pRR of 57.5% (23/40). In bulky N2, 3-y OS was 86% and 3-y PFS was 71% with pRR of 100%. In type 4, 3-y OS was 67% and 3-y PFS was 50% with pRR of 44%. In large type 3, 3-y OS was 88% and 3-y PFS was 75% with pRR of 56%. Patients with type 4 had significantly worse OS and PFS than those with the other types [HR 7.20 (95% CI 2.23–32.21) and HR 3.00 (95% CI 1.21–8.19)]. Conclusions: Preoperative chemotherapy with up to four cycles of DCS followed by gastrectomy plus adjuvant S-1 therapy is a promising treatment strategy for patients with bulky node metastasis, type 4 and large type 3 gastric cancers. For type 4 cancer, further improvement of treatment strategy is needed. Clinical trial information: 000003642 .

scholarly journals Long-Term Effects of AposTherapy in Patients with Osteoarthritis of the Knee: A Two-Year Followup

Arthritis ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yaron Bar-Ziv ◽  
Eytan M. Debbi ◽  
Yuval Ran ◽  
Shaike Benedict ◽  
Nahum Halperin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Active Group ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Knee Oa ◽  
Sf 36 ◽  
Physical Scale ◽  
And Function ◽  
And Control ◽  
Knee Society Function Score

Several biomechanics treatments for knee osteoarthritis (OA) have emerged with the goal of reducing pain and improving function. Through this, researchers have hoped to achieve a transition from the pathological gait patterns to coordinated motor responses. The purpose of the study was to determine the long-term effects of a therapy using a biomechanical device in patients with knee OA. Patients with knee OA were enrolled to active and control groups. The biomechanical device used in therapy (AposTherapy) was individually calibrated to each patient in the active group. Patients in the control group received standard treatment. Outcomes were the Western Ontario and McMaster Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC), Aggregated Locomotor Function (ALF), Short Form 36 (SF-36), and Knee Society Score assessments. The active and control groups were similar at the baseline (group difference in all scores ). The active group showed a larger improvement over time between groups in all three WOMAC categories (, 21.7, and 18.1 for pain, stiffness, and function; all ), SF-36 Physical Scale (; ), Knee Society Knee Score (; ), and Knee Society Function Score (; ). At the two-year endpoint, the active group showed significantly better results (all ). The groups showed a difference of 4.9, 5.6, and 4.7 for the WOMAC pain, stiffness, and function scores, respectively, 10.8 s in ALF score, 30.5 in SF-36 Physical Scale, 16.9 in SF-36 Mental Scale, 17.8 in Knee Society Knee Score, and 25.2 in Knee Society Function Score. The biomechanical therapy examined was shown to significantly reduce pain and improve function and quality of life of patients with knee OA over the long term.

scholarly journals Effectiveness of Smartphone App–Based Interactive Management on Glycemic Control in Chinese Patients With Poorly Controlled Diabetes: Randomized Controlled Trial

10.2196/15401 ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (12) ◽  
pp. e15401 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lei Zhang ◽  
Xingxing He ◽  
Yun Shen ◽  
Haoyong Yu ◽  
Jiemin Pan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Glycemic Control ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Chinese Patients ◽  
Self Management ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Management Group ◽  
Interactive Management ◽  
And Control

Background In recent years, the rapid development of mobile medical technology has provided multiple ways for the long-term management of chronic diseases, especially diabetes. As a new type of management model, smartphone apps are global, convenient, cheap, and interactive. Although apps were proved to be more effective at glycemic control, compared with traditional computer- and Web-based telemedicine technologies, how to gain a further and sustained improvement is still being explored. Objective The objective of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of an app-based interactive management model by a professional health care team on glycemic control in Chinese patients with poorly controlled diabetes. Methods This study was a 6-month long, single-center, prospective randomized controlled trial. A total of 276 type 1 or type 2 diabetes patients were enrolled and randomized to the control group (group A), app self-management group (group B), and app interactive management group (group C) in a 1:1:1 ratio. The primary outcome was the change in glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) level. Missing data were handled by multiple imputation. Results At months 3 and 6, all 3 groups showed significant decreases in HbA1c levels (all P<.05). Patients in the app interactive management group had a significantly lower HbA1clevel than those in the app self-management group at 6 months (P=.04). The average HbA1c reduction in the app interactive management group was larger than that in the app self-management and control groups at both months 3 and 6 (all P<.05). However, no differences in HbA1c reduction were observed between the app self-management and control groups at both months 3 and 6 (both P>.05). Multivariate line regression analyses also showed that the app interactive management group was associated with the larger reduction of HbA1c compared with groups A and B at both months 3 and 6 (all P>.05). In addition, the app interactive management group had better control of triglyceride and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels at both months 3 and 6 compared with baseline (both P<.05). Conclusions In Chinese patients with poorly controlled diabetes, it was difficult to achieve long-term effective glucose improvement by using app self-management alone, but combining it with interactive management can help achieve rapid and sustained glycemic control. Trial Registration ClinicalTrials.gov NCT02589730; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT02589730.

scholarly journals Effectiveness of Smartphone App–Based Interactive Management on Glycemic Control in Chinese Patients With Poorly Controlled Diabetes: Randomized Controlled Trial (Preprint)

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lei Zhang ◽  
Xingxing He ◽  
Yun Shen ◽  
Haoyong Yu ◽  
Jiemin Pan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Glycemic Control ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Chinese Patients ◽  
Self Management ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Management Group ◽  
Interactive Management ◽  
And Control

BACKGROUND In recent years, the rapid development of mobile medical technology has provided multiple ways for the long-term management of chronic diseases, especially diabetes. As a new type of management model, smartphone apps are global, convenient, cheap, and interactive. Although apps were proved to be more effective at glycemic control, compared with traditional computer- and Web-based telemedicine technologies, how to gain a further and sustained improvement is still being explored. OBJECTIVE The objective of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of an app-based interactive management model by a professional health care team on glycemic control in Chinese patients with poorly controlled diabetes. METHODS This study was a 6-month long, single-center, prospective randomized controlled trial. A total of 276 type 1 or type 2 diabetes patients were enrolled and randomized to the control group (group A), app self-management group (group B), and app interactive management group (group C) in a 1:1:1 ratio. The primary outcome was the change in glycated hemoglobin (HbA<sub>1c</sub>) level. Missing data were handled by multiple imputation. RESULTS At months 3 and 6, all 3 groups showed significant decreases in HbA<sub>1c</sub> levels (all <italic>P</italic>&lt;.05). Patients in the app interactive management group had a significantly lower HbA<sub>1c</sub>level than those in the app self-management group at 6 months (<italic>P</italic>=.04). The average HbA<sub>1c</sub> reduction in the app interactive management group was larger than that in the app self-management and control groups at both months 3 and 6 (all <italic>P</italic>&lt;.05). However, no differences in HbA<sub>1c</sub> reduction were observed between the app self-management and control groups at both months 3 and 6 (both <italic>P</italic>&gt;.05). Multivariate line regression analyses also showed that the app interactive management group was associated with the larger reduction of HbA<sub>1c</sub> compared with groups A and B at both months 3 and 6 (all <italic>P</italic>&gt;.05). In addition, the app interactive management group had better control of triglyceride and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels at both months 3 and 6 compared with baseline (both <italic>P</italic>&lt;.05). CONCLUSIONS In Chinese patients with poorly controlled diabetes, it was difficult to achieve long-term effective glucose improvement by using app self-management alone, but combining it with interactive management can help achieve rapid and sustained glycemic control. CLINICALTRIAL ClinicalTrials.gov NCT02589730; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT02589730.

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