scholarly journals Magnetic Field Induced Changes in the Shoot and Root Proteome of Barley (Hordeum vulgare L.)

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Azita Shabrangy ◽  
Arindam Ghatak ◽  
Shuang Zhang ◽  
Alfred Priller ◽  
Palak Chaturvedi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Metal Ion ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Germination Rate ◽  
Redox Homeostasis ◽  
Reduction Process ◽  
Plant Evolution ◽  
Metal Ion Binding ◽  
Hordeum Vulgare L ◽  
Root And Shoot Length

The geomagnetic field (GMF) has been present since the beginning of plant evolution. Recently, some researchers have focused their efforts on employing magnetic fields (MFs) higher than GMF to improve the seed germination, growth, and harvest of agriculturally important crop plants, as the use of MFs is an inexpensive and environment-friendly technique. In this study, we have employed different treatments of MF at 7 mT (milliTesla) at different time points of exposure, including 1, 3, and 6 h. The extended exposure was followed by five consecutive days at 6 h per day in barley seeds. The results showed a positive impact of MF on growth characteristics for 5-day-old seedlings, including seed germination rate, root and shoot length, and biomass weight. Furthermore, ~5 days of delay of flowering in pre-treated plants was also observed. We used a shotgun proteomics approach to identify changes in the protein signatures of root and shoot tissues under MF effects. In total, we have identified 2,896 proteins. Thirty-eight proteins in the shoot and 15 proteins in the root showed significant changes under the MF effect. Proteins involved in primary metabolic pathways were increased in contrast to proteins with a metal ion binding function, proteins that contain iron ions in their structure, and proteins involved in electron transfer chain, which were all decreased significantly in the treated tissues. The upregulated proteins' overall biological processes included carbohydrate metabolic process, oxidation-reduction process, and cell redox homeostasis, while down-regulated processes included translation and protein refolding. In general, shoot response was more affected by MF effect than root tissue, leading to the identification of 41 shoot specific proteins. This study provides an initial insight into the proteome regulation response to MF during barley's seedling stage.

scholarly journals Raw and Fermented Alfalfa Brown Juice Induces Changes in the Germination and Development of French Marigold (Tagetes patula L.) Plants

Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 1076
Author(s):  
Döme Barna ◽  
Szilvia Kisvarga ◽  
Szilvia Kovács ◽  
Gábor Csatári ◽  
Ibolya O. Tóth ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Tap Water ◽  
Germination Rate ◽  
Ornamental Plants ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Tagetes Patula ◽  
Root And Shoot Length ◽  
Horticultural Practice ◽  
Brown Juice

Organic and ecological farming programs require new and efficient biostimulants with beneficial properties for the sustainable and safe production of seedlings and ornamental plants. We examined the effect of non-fermented and lacto-fermented alfalfa brown juice (BJ) on seed germination and the vegetative, physiological, and anatomical properties of French marigold (Tagetes patula L. ‘Csemő’) plants which were treated with 0.5–10% fermented and non-fermented BJ, with tap water applied as a control. Applying 0.5% fermented BJ significantly improved seed germination compared with non-fermented BJ, resulting in an increase of 9.6, 11.2, 10.9, and 41.7% in the final germination percent, germination rate index, germination index, and vigor index, respectively. In addition, it increased the root and shoot length by 7.9 and 16.1%, respectively, root and shoot dry mass by 20 and 47.6%, respectively, and the number of leaves by 28.8% compared to the control. Furthermore, an increase in contents of water-soluble phenol, chlorophyll a and b, and carotenoid was reported upon the application of 0.5% fermented BJ, while peroxidase activity decreased. Our results prove that alfalfa BJ can be enrolled as a biostimulant as part of the circular farming approach which supports the sustainable horticultural practice.

scholarly journals Bioregulators on seed germination and seedling growth of sweet basil

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
pp. e3324
Author(s):  
Larissa Santos Castro ◽  
Danúbia Aparecida Costa Nobre ◽  
Daniel Andrés Villegas Hurtado ◽  
Willian Rodrigues Macedo
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Gibberellic Acid ◽  
Germination Rate ◽  
Ocimum Basilicum ◽  
Shoot Length ◽  
Naphthalene Acetic Acid ◽  
Initial Growth ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Root And Shoot Length ◽  
Completely Randomized Design

Basil (Ocimum basilicum L.) plants have multiple uses, ranging from spice to cosmetic purpose, besides being a source of essential oil and aromatic. These plants were commonly propagated by seed, however, few agrotechnologies are used to enhance the seed germination and initial growth in this crop. For this reason, our research aimed to evaluate aspects of seed germination of Ocimum basilicum L. cv. Limoncino, subjected to different bioregulators applied via substrate imbibition. The experiment was carried out in completely randomized design, with four treatments, as follows: T1: control (distilled water), T2: T13 a solution of a product formulated based on indolbutyric acid + naphthalene acetic acid + gibberellic acid (0.2 mL L-1, Liko Química), T3: gibberellic acid (0.5 mM L-1, progibb-400®) and T4: brassinosteroids (0.1 mM L-1). We evaluated: germination rate, germination speed index (GSI), first count, root and shoot length and chlorophyll a, b, total and carotenoids. The bioregulators did not influence germination, first count, GSI and photosynthetic leaf pigment, but application of gibberellic acid and brassinosteroids improve the shoot and root length, respectively. The gibberellic acid and brassinosteroids are promising bioregulators for stimulating initial basil growth.

scholarly journals Controlling the redox properties of a pyrroloquinolinequinone (PQQ) derivative in a ruthenium(ii) coordination sphere

2015 ◽  
Vol 44 (7) ◽  
pp. 3151-3158 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hiroumi Mitome ◽  
Tomoya Ishizuka ◽  
Yoshihito Shiota ◽  
Kazunari Yoshizawa ◽  
Takahiko Kojima
Keyword(s):  
Coordination Sphere ◽  
Metal Ion ◽  
Reduction Potential ◽  
Reduction Process ◽  
Redox Properties ◽  
Ion Binding ◽  
Metal Ion Binding ◽  
Coordination Modes ◽  
Redox Active ◽  
The Stability

Difference in the coordination modes of pyrroloquinolinequinone (PQQ), a redox-active heteroaromatic cofactor, in ruthenium(ii) complexes, drastically affects the stability of the metal coordination and the reversibility of the reduction process of the PQQ ligand. Additional metal-ion binding to the PQQ ligand largely raises its 1e−-reduction potential.

scholarly journals Comparison of Seed Germination, Root and Shoot Length of Maize and Wheat Crops with Compost Leachate and Commercial Fertilizer

2019 ◽  
Vol 01 (03) ◽  
pp. 15-22
Author(s):  
Ayesha Ameen ◽  
Omer Mushtaq
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Germination Rate ◽  
Shoot Length ◽  
Commercial Fertilizer ◽  
Maize Crop ◽  
Environment Friendly ◽  
Important Concern ◽  
Root And Shoot Length ◽  
Compost Leachate ◽  
Experimental Trials

The increasing public concern about municipal solid waste (MSW) due to its impact on health and environment induces people to think about more ways of recycling this waste. These days, people strive to find more appropriate methods and processes to treat MSW for its proper management and disposal. Composting process is the most appropriate method of recycling used to get rid of organic fractions. The most important concern is the production of compost leachate. This study was designed to check the potential of compost leachate as a chemical fertilizer and to compare it with commercial fertilizer. Different dilutions of compost leachate and commercial fertilizer were used to check their effects on seed germination of wheat and maize crop and the initial root and shoot length measurement of these crops. Germination index, germination inhibition and germination rate were also evaluated in different experimental trials with variation in leachate dilution. The results showed best root, shoot length and seed germination at low quantity of leachate sample. The obtained results showed that leachate has better fertilizer qualities as compared to commercial fertilizer. Moreover, it is more economical and environment friendly. It also helps in maintaining the structure of soil and conditions the soil.

scholarly journals Drought Stresses on Seed Germination and Early Growth of Maize and Sorghum

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 310 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mariana S. Queiroz ◽  
Carlos E. S. Oliveira ◽  
Fábio Steiner ◽  
Alan M. Zuffo ◽  
Tiago Zoz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drought Stress ◽  
Seed Germination ◽  
Osmotic Potential ◽  
Germination Rate ◽  
Early Growth ◽  
Root Shoot Ratio ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Root And Shoot Length ◽  
Early Seedling ◽  
Effects Of Drought

Seeds of maize (Zea mays L.) and sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench.] were submitted to different osmotic potential levels induced by polyethylene glycol (PEG) with the objective of evaluating the effects of drought stress on seed germination and early seedling growth. Seeds were arranged in paper rolls and soaked in PEG solutions prepared with osmotic potentials 0.0 (control), -0.2, -0.4, and -0.8 MPa and kept into a seed germinator, at 25 °C for 18 days. A completely randomized design in a 2 × 4 factorial scheme with four replications of 50 seeds each was used. The results showed that by increasing of the osmotic potential level, germinated seed number, germination rate index, root and shoot length, shoot and root dry matter, and seedling vigor index (SVI) decreased, while mean germination time (MGT) and root: shoot ratio (RSR) increased in both crops. Additionally, the maize was more susceptible than sorghum to drought stress, with germination response declining more rapidly with decreasing osmotic potential. Sorghum crop tolerates water stress of up to -0.2 MPa, without reducing germination of the seeds; however, the growth of shoots and roots are inhibited. Drought stress limits the process of seed germination and early growth of maize seedlings.

scholarly journals Effect of desiccation and salinity stress on seed germination and initial plant growth of Cucumis melo

2013 ◽  
Vol 31 (4) ◽  
pp. 833-841 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Sohrabikertabad ◽  
A. Ghanbari ◽  
H.R. Mohassel, Mohamad ◽  
M.N. Mahalati ◽  
J. Gherekhloo
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Seedling Growth ◽  
Cucumis Melo ◽  
Germination Rate ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Sodium Content ◽  
Invasive Weed ◽  
The North ◽  
Root And Shoot Length ◽  
Significant Difference

Smellmelon, an annual invasive weed of soybean production fields in the north of Iran, reproduces and spreads predominately through seed production. This makes seed bank survival and successful germination essential steps in the invasive process. To evaluate the potential of Smellmelon to invade water-stressed environments, laboratory studies were conducted to investigate the effect of desiccation and salinity at different temperatures on seed germination and seedling growth of Cucumis melo. Seeds were incubated at 25, 30, 35 and 40 ºC in the darkness in a solution (0, -0.2, -0.4, -0.6, -0.8, 1 and 1.2 MPa) of a salt (NaCl), and in a solution (0, -2, -4, -6, -8, -10, -12 bar) of PEG-6000 (Polyethylene glycol), in two separate experiments. The results showed that the highest percentage and rate of germination occurred at 35 ºC in salt concentrations of 0, -0.2, -0.4 MPa and PEG concentrations of 0, -2, -4 bar. Increasing the concentration of salt (NaCl) and PEG limited germination, seedling growth and water uptake but increased the sodium content in the seedlings. No significant difference was observed among 0, -0.2 and -0.4 MPa of NaCl and among 0, -2 and -4 bar of PEG concentration at 35 ºC. The negative effects of PEG were more than those of NaCl on germination percentage and germination rate. Increased stress levels lead to reduction of root and shoot length, and SVL of seedlings. Na+ content of seedling decreased with limited seedling growth of C. melo.

scholarly journals Effect of cadmium stress on seed germination, plant growth and hydrolyzing enzymes activities in mungbean seedlings

2021 ◽  
Vol 43 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sumera Anwar ◽  
Fahad Shafiq ◽  
Zaib-un- Nisa ◽  
Uzma Usman ◽  
Muhammad Yasin Ashraf ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Growth Traits ◽  
Germination Rate ◽  
Hydrolytic Enzymes ◽  
Cadmium Stress ◽  
Shoot Length ◽  
Hydrolysis Process ◽  
Root And Shoot Length ◽  
Early Seedling ◽  
Hydrolyzing Enzymes

Abstract: Both protein and starch hydrolysis contribute to the effective mobilization of seed reserves to trigger seed germination. We studied the activities of hydrolytic enzymes in germinating seeds of mung bean (Vigna radiata) exposed to cadmium stress at 0, 25, 50, 75, 100 mg.L-1. Exposure to Cd stress decreased the seed germination rate and early seedling growth traits, including root and shoot length and plant fresh and dry biomass compared to control. The adverse effects of Cd were more prominent in terms of shoot length than root length. Seedling α-amylase and protease activities exhibited significant reductions with increasing Cd dose. We also recorded Cd-induced reduction in total soluble proteins and sugars while the concentration of free amino acids exhibited an increase. Above all, a decrease in the hydrolysis process of reserve carbohydrates, proteins and impaired reserve translocation contributed to the inhibition of seedlings’ germination and early growth traits.

scholarly journals Comparative de novo transcriptome analysis of barley varieties with different malting qualities

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (6) ◽  
pp. 801-812
Author(s):  
Leona Leišová-Svobodová ◽  
Vratislav Psota ◽  
Štěpán Stočes ◽  
Petr Vácha ◽  
Ladislav Kučera
Keyword(s):  
Metal Ion ◽  
De Novo ◽  
Reduction Process ◽  
Malting Quality ◽  
Nucleotide Polymorphisms ◽  
Metal Ion Binding ◽  
Technological Parameters ◽  
Oxidoreductase Activity ◽  
Oxidation Reduction ◽  
Food And Feed

Abstract Barley is one of the most important crops in the world. Barley is used as both food and feed and is important for malt production. Demands for malting quality differ among countries and customs. Malting quality is a complex characteristic involving barley genetics, the environmental conditions during barley growth, and the technological parameters of the malting process. In this study, the hypothesis was that there were no differences between two groups of barley varieties with different but defined malting qualities, which was tested using RNA sequencing during selected stages of malting. In total, 919 differentially transcribed genes between the two barley groups were identified and annotated. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were primarily assigned to gene ontology (GO) terms of oxidation-reduction process - oxidoreductase activity, response to stress, carbohydrate metabolic process, and proteolysis - hydrolase activity, and metal ion binding. Genes connected with the plasma membrane and its integral components also play important roles in malting quality. DEG profiles of selected genes in the three malting stages indicate a complex character of malting quality. Many single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and insertions and deletions (indels) were identified. SNPs and indels with the best quality were used for primer design. After optimization and validation, five molecular markers were developed for use in barley breeding.

scholarly journals Effects of Different Nutritional Systems on Seed Germination and Early Seedling Growth in Medicinal Pumpkin (Cucurbita pepo L.)

2015 ◽  
Vol 48 (4) ◽  
pp. 51-60
Author(s):  
D. Zarei ◽  
G. Shabani ◽  
M. Reza Chaichi ◽  
M. Khanahmadi ◽  
A. Akbarabadi
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Seedling Growth ◽  
Cucurbita Pepo ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Germination Rate ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Chemical System ◽  
Nutritional Treatment ◽  
Positive Effects

Abstract This study was carried out to determine the effect of different nutritional systems (chemical, biological and integrated) on germination and seedling growth in medicinal pumpkin (Cucurbita pepo L.). The statistical design was a randomized complete block design with four replications. Four levels of different fertilizing systems including chemical (T1), biological (a combination of nitrogen bacteria, Azospirillum brasilense and Glomus mosseae) (T2) and integrated fertilizing systems (biological fertilizer + 50% chemical fertilizer) (T3), and control (without fertilizer) (T0), were employed. The results indicated that the maximum seed germination was 95% and the highest seed germination rate with 30.4 per day was observed in the intergraded nutritional treatment. The experimental results showed that all nutritional treatments had positive effects on seed germination compared to control. The highest level of germination percentage with 95% and the highest rate of germination with 30.4 seeds per day were obtained in integrated nutritional treatment. However, the integrated nutritional system required more time to demonstrate its positive effect on the growth and yield of medicinal pumpkin compared to chemical system. The results of present experiment indicated that integrated nutritional treatment had the greatest positive impact on germination characteristics in medicinal pumpkin. Designing and developing such nutritional systems can guarantee and facilitate the achievement of long-term objectives of sustainable agriculture.

scholarly journals Yagya with Gayatri Mantra results in higher seed germination and seedling growth of Tritieum aestivm (wheat)

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 12-19 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ekta Chandel
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Seedling Growth ◽  
Germination Rate ◽  
Shoot Length ◽  
Systematic Research ◽  
Root And Shoot Length ◽  
Mean Germination Time ◽  
Coefficient Of Velocity ◽  
And Control ◽  
Germinated Seeds

To investigate the effect of yagya with Gayetri mantra on the seed germination and seedling growth of Tritieum aestivm, systematic research has been conducted on yagya in which effect of yagya fumes on seed germination has been observed. It has been reported that the germination rate index is 85.08% and 48.15% respectively in seeds that are kept in presence of yagya fumes and control ( in absence of yagya fumes) respectively  and coefficient of velocity of germination is 77.021% and 36.076% respectively in seeds kept in presence of yagya fumes and control. While mean germination time has been reported to be 1.29 days and 2.77 days respectively in seeds which were placed in presence of yagya fumes and control.  The germinated seeds were observed for seedling development and it has been found that the growth of root length and shoot length were 11.875 cm and 11.762 cm respectively in the germinated seeds which were kept in presence of yagya fumes while the growth of root and shoot length were 8.352 cm and 7.904 cm respectively in the germinated seeds that kept in absence of yagya fumes.

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