Guilt and Shame of What Might Have Been in Optimistic Offender Drivers

Simulated Driving Task

Habitual offender drivers are required to recover points lost on their driving license by attending reeducation courses, an experience that may, upon reflection of the incident in question, induce feelings of guilt or shame for the infractions they committed. A simulated driving task studied optimistic offender drivers to analyze the extent to which the controllability of the situational context influenced their use of internal and external factors in counterfactual thoughts and emotions such as guilt and shame. The study involved 160 drivers, of whom 54 were categorized as repeat offender drivers while 106 drivers attended courses for advanced professional driving licenses. The participants drove along a route in a driving simulator, which had been previously adjusted for the difficulty to generate a perception of high or low control. Based on the outcome obtained by the participants in this stage, each driver had to report which resources they required to improve their outcomes. Different factor ANOVAs were used to analyze our findings. The results indicated that optimistic offenders, unlike other groups (i.e., optimistic non-offender and pessimistic non-offender), thought that their results could have been better if external factors had been present (i.e., upward counterfactuals), both under conditions of high and low control. They believed their results would have been worse had it not been for their internal resources (i.e., downward counterfactuals), especially under conditions of low control. Concerning emotions of guilt and shame, offender optimists had the lowest values in both conditions compared with the other groups. We may contend that optimistic offender drivers thought they could have obtained better outcomes if external factors had been involved. In the low control condition, they justified that if it were not for such internal skills, their results could have been worse. When they generated such thoughts, the emotions of guilt and shame were minimal.

Gorontalo Province Tourism: Leading Sector In The Middle Of Weakness And Challenge

Jambura Equilibrium Journal ◽

10.37479/jej.v1i1.1997 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 1 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Herwin Mopangga ◽

Fitriaty Puhi

Keyword(s):

Significant Contribution ◽

Swot Analysis ◽

Tourism Development ◽

External Factors ◽

The Other ◽

Occupancy Rate ◽

Regional Income ◽

Sustainable Tourism Development ◽

Tourism Sector ◽

Tourism shows a significant contribution to foreign exchange and regional income in Indonesia. Defined as a priority and leading sector in the RPJMD, tourism development in the Regencies and the Province of Gorontalo must measure the results, benefits and impacts for all stakeholders. Contribution to regional income (PAD) and the composition of internal and external factors in each of the leading destinations is needed for the purpose of determining the strategy and policy of sustainable tourism development. The study concluded that tourism sector was relatively small in its contribution to each PAD total by Regencies in Gorontalo Province. The low of PADsp is relevant to the low occupancy rate (TPK) of the hotel and the length of stay (LoS). The lack of retribution income from recreation and sports spot is relevant to the lack of activities to support the attractiveness such as art and cultural attractions and local products that can be souvenirs for tourists. Infrastructure facilities at leading tourism objects are relatively incomplete or do not meet tourism standards. The low of PAD, TPK LoS can also explain that the increase in tourists to Gorontalo is only a transit to the other tourist objects outside of Gorontalo Province.Keywords: Tourism, Leading Sector, Gorontalo, Income, Swot Analysis

The Effects of Telematics on Driver Distraction

Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting ◽

10.1177/154193120204602219 ◽

2002 ◽

Vol 46 (22) ◽

pp. 1868-1870 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Patrick Siebert ◽

Mustapha Mouloua ◽

Kendra Burns ◽

Jennifer Marino ◽

Lora Scagliola ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Secondary Task ◽

Cell Phone ◽

Driving Simulator ◽

Systems Design ◽

Driver Distraction ◽

Cellular Phones ◽

Driver Safety ◽

A Cell ◽

Driving Task ◽

Simulated Driving Task

This study used both cellular phones and analogue radio to measure driver distraction and workload in a low fidelity driving simulator. Thirty-four participants performed a simulated driving task while using either a cell phone or a radio in conjunction with a secondary task assessing their spare attentional capacity. The results showed that more lane deviations were made during the cell phone and radio tuning use than both of the pre-allocation and Post-allocation phases. The secondary task errors were also higher during both the cell phone and radio tuning allocation phase than the pre-allocation and post-allocation phases. These findings indicate the greater workload load levels associated with the use of telemetric devices. These findings have major implications for driver safety and telemetric systems design.

Analisis Dampak Impor Cina terhadap Kebertahanan dan Pertumbuhan Industri Tekstil dan Produk Tekstil Indonesia

Jurnal Ekonomi dan Pembangunan Indonesia ◽

10.21002/jepi.v13i1.301 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 13 (1) ◽

pp. 90-108

Author(s):

Laela Dika Wulandari

Keyword(s):

Regression Model ◽

Firm Growth ◽

Positive Impact ◽

External Factors ◽

The Other ◽

Probit Regression ◽

Survival And Growth ◽

The Impact ◽

Test Result

AbstractWe try to analyze the impact of Chinese Textile and Garment (T&G) imports, and the internal and external factors to the firm survival and growth of T&G industry in Indonesia, for the period study of 2002 to 2007. Probit regression model is used to analyze the impact of Chinese imports to the survival of firm, while OLS regression model is used to analyze its growth. It shows that the ability of firms' survival is influenced by the internal and external factors. The Chinese imports give positive impact to the firms' survival ability. On the other hand, firm's growth is only affected by its internal characteristics, while the impact of Chinese imports is proven not significant. The Heckman test result stated that there are no correlation between firms' ability to survive and the firm growth behavior.Keywords: Growth, Survival, Chinese Imports, Textile, Indonesian Textile and Garment IndustryAbstrakStudi ini menganalisis dampak dari penetrasi impor TPT Cina, faktor internal, serta faktor eksternal terhadap kebertahanan dan pertumbuhan perusahaan dalam industri TPT Indonesia periode tahun 2002-2007. Metode probit regression digunakan untuk mengetahui dampak impor Cina terhadap kebertahanan perusahaan, sementara regresi linear sederhana (OLS) digunakan untuk menganalisis pertumbuhannya. Ditemukan bahwa kebertahanan perusahaan dipengaruhi oleh karakteristik internal dan eksternal, serta impor Cina yang memberikan dampak positif. Sementara pertumbuhan perusahaan hanya dipengaruhi oleh faktor internal, di mana impor Cina tidak memberikan dampak signikan. Hasil pengujian Heckman menyatakan tidak ada indikasi hubungan antara kebertahanan perusahaan dengan perilaku pertumbuhannya.Kata kunci: Pertumbuhan, Kebertahanan, Impor Cina, Tekstil, Industri Tekstil dan Produk Tekstil Indonesia

ANALISIS FAKTOR-FAKTOR INTERNAL YANG MEMPENGARUHI PEMBIAYAAN USAHA MIKRO KECIL DAN MENENGAH (UMKM) PADA BANK SYARIAH DI INDONESIA

Jurnal Riset Keuangan Dan Akuntansi ◽

10.25134/jrka.v2i1.444 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 2 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Risna Destiana

Keyword(s):

Time Series ◽

Economic Development ◽

External Factors ◽

The Other ◽

Third Party ◽

Business Unit ◽

Limited Data ◽

Internal Factors ◽

Regression Test ◽

It is a fact that the UMKM’s are resistant due to monetary crisis in Indonesia. It proves UMKM’s significant and important roles of the economic development in establishing employment, improving National Gross Domestic Product and developing national industries. Because of these potentials of UMKM’s, banks should provide assistantships by providing their loan as financial aids. It is however, influenced by some factors such as internal and external factors. The aim of this research was to analyze the influence of internal factors which refers to internal bank condition such as third party funds (DPK), capitals, profitability, risk and liquidity toward UMKM’s at syaria banking in Indonesia. The data of the study were taken from general syaria bank (BUS) and syaria business unit (UUS) which were provided in the syaria banking statistic from Indonesian central bank (official website of BI) from 2008 up to Juni 2013. Due to the limited data provided in syaria banking statistic, the 2008 and 2009 data were three-monthly: March, June, September and December while the 2010 to Juni 2013 data were monthly. Thus, there were 50 time series of observation. The data were analyzed by using regression provided in 17.0 ver. SPSS. The result of regression test shows that internal factors which significantly influenced UMKM’s finance at syaria banking were the DPK and liquidity, whereas the other factors such as the capital, profit and risk had no significance on the financing UMKM’s.

Russia and China: from fear of pan-Mongolism to perception of Eurasianism

Verhnevolzhski Philological Bulletin ◽

10.20323/2499-9679-2021-1-24-159-172 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 1 (24) ◽

pp. 159-172

Author(s):

Nikolai A. Khrenov ◽

Keyword(s):

Twentieth Century ◽

Collective Identity ◽

External Factors ◽

The Other ◽

Long Period ◽

The People ◽

Psychological Transformation ◽

Rise Of China ◽

The Rise Of China

This article is a fragment of a series of publications by the author on the relationship between the three civilizations that largely determine the fate of the world today, namely, America, Russia, and China. The subject of the study is civilizational identity, which is formed by both internal and external factors. Internal factors should include the key events that took place in the history of each civilization, determining both the mentality of the people and their collective identity. External factors include the pressure exerted by the values of other civilizations, especially those claiming leadership in modern history. There is a concept of the «Other» in contemporary philosophy. The article also examines the interaction between civilizations according to the principle of the «Other». It is clear that going beyond Westernization in the early twentieth century and not being the leader of world history, although the historical archetype of «Third Rome» seemed to oblige the country to play this role, with the revolution of 1917 giving grounds for this, Russia has experienced a long period of transition in the twentieth century. Nowadays, in the situation when China is claiming to play the role of a new world leader, Russia has started thinking of its Eurasian roots more often. As for China, enchanted by Marxism, it also underwent a long period of transition in the twentieth century, during which relations between Russia and China became more complicated, although it seems that Marx's ideas and the idea of socialism should have contributed to their becoming closer. By now, the conflicts between Russia and China seem to have been resolved. For some time now, the idea of Russian émigré thinkers, who called themselves Eurasianists, has become the new political course. In all likelihood, the rise of China cannot but affect the transformation of the civilizational identity of today's Russia. Thus, the question once asked by the Russian thinker P. Chaadayev has become relevant again – which supercivilization is Russia closer to: the West or the East. The author attempts to examine this psychological transformation unfolding in Russia through the prism of cinema, analyzing Russian, American, and Chinese films in this, as well as in the previous and subsequent publications in this journal.

A Proposed Framework of Corporate Entrepreneurship in Government-linked Companies

Business Management and Strategy ◽

10.5296/bms.v10i2.15863 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 10 (2) ◽

pp. 234

Author(s):

Harry Entebang

Keyword(s):

Firm Performance ◽

Strategic Management ◽

Entrepreneurial Orientation ◽

Strong Relationship ◽

Corporate Entrepreneurship ◽

External Factors ◽

The Other ◽

Public Enterprises ◽

The growth of public enterprises or government-linked companies (GLCs) has been phenomenal over the years. However, the performance of GLCs remains a major concern. On the other hand, past studies have postulated that there is a strong relationship between corporate entrepreneurship (CE), entrepreneurial orientation (EO) and firm performance. Despite this, viewing GLCs’ performance in the context of CE or EO has received minimal attention among strategic management and entrepreneurship scholars. This paper highlights and discusses the performance of GLCs within the context of CE. Given the role of EO as a direct predictor while proposing CE internal and external factors as moderators of the EO-CE performance relationship in GLCs, a proposed framework of CE within the context of GLCs in Malaysia is proposed.

Evolution of crabs – history and deconstruction of a prime example of convergence

Contributions to Zoology ◽

10.1163/18759866-08302001 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 83 (2) ◽

pp. 87-105 ◽

Cited By ~ 18

Author(s):

Gerhard Scholtz

Keyword(s):

Body Shape ◽

Sea Urchins ◽

The Body ◽

External Factors ◽

The Other ◽

Compact Body ◽

Body Shapes ◽

Definition Of ◽

Compared with the elongate bodies of shrimps or lobsters, crabs are characterised by a compact body organisation with a depressed, short carapace and a ventrally folded pleon. The evolutionary transformation from a lobster-like crustacean towards a crab is called ‘carcinization’ and has been interpreted as a dramatic morphological change. Nevertheless, the crab-shape evolved convergently in a number of lineages within Decapoda. Accordingly, numerous hypotheses about internal and external factors have been presented, which all try to explain these frequent convergent carcinization events despite the seemingly fundamental changes in the body organisation. However, what a crab is lies greatly in the eye of the beholder and most of the hypotheses about the lobster/crab transformation are biased by untested assumptions. Furthermore, there are two meanings of the word ‘crab’ within decapods: one, the phylogenetic meaning, refers to the clade Brachyura; the other, more general and typological use of the word crab, describes decapods with a certain body shape. These two meanings should not be confused when the issue of carcinization is discussed. Here, I propose a definition of what a crab is, i.e. what is meant when we speak about carcinization. I show that not all Brachyura are crabs in the typological sense. Carcinization occurred at least twice within the clade. Among Anomala there is further evidence that crab-shaped Lithodidae derived from a hermit-crab like ancestor. Carcinization is not restricted to Anomala plus Brachyura (Meiura) but is also found in Achelata, namely in slipper lobsters. A deconstruction of the crab-shape reveals that parts of it appear in various combinations among all decapod groups. Only a certain threshold of number and quality of crab-features makes us call an animal a ‘crab’. This reveals that carcinization does not involve such dramatic changes in morphology as has been suggested. Moreover similar alterations of body shapes appear frequently in other crustacean taxa and in various animal groups as diverse as sharks and sea urchins. Hence morphological constraints, macroevolution, trends, tendencies, or underlying synapomorphies of any kind are not necessary assumptions for the explanation of the evolution of crabs.

Analisis Faktor Internal dan Eksternal Perusahaan terhadap Penurunan Pengiriman Barang Kargo di PT. Lintas Maju Nusantara

Jurnal Sains Sosio Humaniora ◽

10.22437/jssh.v5i2.15790 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 5 (2) ◽

pp. 813-822

Author(s):

Dian Lestari ◽

Resista Vikaliana

Keyword(s):

Data Collection ◽

Research Method ◽

Services Marketing ◽

Significant Decline ◽

External Factors ◽

The Other ◽

Internal Factors ◽

Government Regulations ◽

Cargo Delivery ◽

PT Lintas Maju Nusantara is one of the cargo delivery companies in Bekasi City. In the latest period, there has been a significant decline in cargo shipments. This research was conducted with the aim of knowing the internal and external factors that caused the decline in shipments, and ways to overcome the decline. This research focused on internal factors which include facilities, services, marketing, and employees of PT Lintas Maju Nusantara, and external factors which include competitors, customers, and government regulations. The research method used was quasi-qualitative with data collection techniques in the form of interviews, observation, and documentation. The results of this study indicate that the facilities owned by the company still require attention. On the other hand competitors and government regulations have also become a strong factor in the decline in cargo shipments that occurred at PT Lintas Maju Nusantara.

Weighted Fuzzy Sets

International Journal of Recent Technology and Engineering - 2 ◽

10.35940/ijrte.e5718.018520 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 8 (5) ◽

pp. 766-769

Keyword(s):

Fuzzy Sets ◽

External Factors ◽

The Other ◽

Fuzzy Subset ◽

Factors Influencing ◽

The weighted fuzzy subset is to describe the importance of each element in the set through the characteristi3c function. In this paper, we study how an element and its presence in the set, namely, the degree of belongingness plays a role in determining the characteristic level of the set. Presence of an element in the set strengthens the set to a greater extent. Set gets its weightage, because of its elements and its association with the other elements. Association depicts the internal and external factors influencing over an element. In other words, the proposed weighted fuzzy subset has 3-tuple representation such as elements in a set, degree of presence of an elements and degree of impact of the set because of each elements presence.

Haken conference interpreters in Japan: Exploring status through the sociology of work and of professions

Interpreting and Society ◽

10.1177/27523810211057447 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 275238102110574

Author(s):

Deborah Giustini

Keyword(s):

Empirical Analysis ◽

External Factors ◽

The Other ◽

Professional Status ◽

Temporary Workers ◽

Sociology Of Work ◽

Related Factors ◽

Status Recognition ◽

Practical Implications

This article investigates the professional status of conference interpreters in Japan, by focusing on interpreters employed as haken, that is, dispatched temporary workers. Combining the perspectives of interpreting studies and the sociology of work, it addresses both internal and external factors upholding interpreters’ status: expertise, autonomy, and authority, on one hand, and social and market dynamics, on the other hand. It provides a thick empirical analysis of status-related factors by drawing on fieldwork data in Japan, including 46 interviews with interpreters and 7 interviews with agency managers. The findings show that internal and external factors intertwine in limiting or upholding interpreters’ status recognition. Despite their expertise and qualifications, conference interpreters in Japan have limited control over their work, because of clients’ expectations of subordination. Furthermore, the monopoly of agencies in the Japanese market constrains their professional visibility. Last but not least, interpreters’ employment as temporary workers and the disproportionate feminisation of the category contribute to societal perceptions of interpreting as an insecure and unrewarding occupation. The findings bear practical implications for the advocacy of interpreters’ status and its betterment in Japan.