scholarly journals Secure Attachment Priming Amplifies Approach Motivation for Infant Faces Among Childless Adults

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fangyuan Ding ◽  
Yuncheng Jia ◽  
Gang Cheng ◽  
Lili Wu ◽  
Tianqiang Hu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
The State ◽  
Hierarchical Regression ◽  
Evoked Responses ◽  
Secure Attachment ◽  
Manipulation Check ◽  
Behavioral Program ◽  
Behavioral System ◽  
Generalized Linear Mixed Effects ◽  
Infant Faces ◽  
Human Faces

Existing studies have indicated that priming secure attachment alters adults’ neural responses to infant faces. However, no study has examined whether this effect exists for motivational behavioral responses, and none of the previous studies included adult faces as a baseline to determine whether the security prime enhances responses to human faces in general or infant faces alone. To address this limitation, the current study recruited 160 unmarried and childless adults in the first phase, and all of them completed a battery of questionnaires, including the Interest in Infants, the Experiences in Close Relationships (ECR), and State Adult Attachment Measure (SAAM). A week later, after priming, 152 (76 security-primed vs. 76 neutrally primed) participants completed the SAAM and a behavioral program assessing their motivational responses to both adult and infant faces (i.e., liking, representational, and evoked responses). A manipulation check showed that the security prime was effective. Then, generalized linear mixed-effects models (GLMMs) showed that security priming enhances adults’ liking, representational, and evoked responses (three components of the motivational system) only to infant faces and not to adult faces. Moreover, hierarchical regression analysis indicated that, even after security priming, there was a substantial linear relationship between positive motivation toward infant faces and the state of adult secure attachment. In summary, this study demonstrated for the first time that promoting the state of adult secure attachment can effectively enhance the effect size of the baby face schema. The current results were interpreted according to Bowlby’s view of the attachment behavioral system.

L'attaccamento al partner e a Dio come risorsa psicologica nel processo di adattamento alla malattia cancro

2009 ◽  
pp. 59-74
Author(s):  
R. Cassibba ◽  
E. Costantino ◽  
S. Papagna ◽  
R. Montanaro ◽  
V. Mattioli
Keyword(s):  
Specific Aspect ◽  
Insecure Attachment ◽  
Attachment To God ◽  
Secure Attachment ◽  
Coping With Cancer ◽  
Behavioral System ◽  
Fighting Spirit ◽  
Diagnosis Of Cancer ◽  
Relational Resources

- The diagnosis of cancer troubles people and their identity; it is a threat for their survival. To cope with cancer, people have to collect all their psychological and relational resources. The behavioral system of attachment is activated when people are in danger and it makes them looking for significant others who can be a "secure base" for them. This study investigates the role of specific adult attachment relationships, such as the bond with God and with the partner, on coping with cancer, hypothesizing that patients with a secure attachment with God or with the partner cope better and perceive less stress, respect to patients with an insecure attachment. The results show that the intensity of religious beliefs and security of attachment with God and with the partner are associated to some specific coping strategies to cancer. In particular, insecurity of attachment to God and a specific aspect of insecurity of attachment to the partner (fear of loss) are connected to a higher level of anxiety and a lower level of fighting spirit in coping with cancer. Only attachment to God is associated to a lower level of perceived stress.

scholarly journals GESTIÓN DEL CONOCIMIENTO Y CAPITAL INTELECTUAL EN LA INDUSTRIA TEQUILERA DEL ESTADO DE JALISCO

2014 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 163
Author(s):  
Marco Alberto Núñez Ramírez
Keyword(s):  
Knowledge Management ◽  
Experimental Design ◽  
Empirical Evidence ◽  
Multiple Regression ◽  
Intellectual Capital ◽  
Quantitative Research ◽  
The State ◽  
Hierarchical Regression ◽  
Control Variables ◽  
Degree Of Association

<p>Studies show that knowledge management is associated with intellectual capital; however,<br />is not clear how this relationship occurs. The objective of this research is to know the degree of association between knowledge management and intellectual capital. We<br />obtained as empirical evidence 50 Tequila companies of the State of Jalisco, Mexico. We found positive and significant levels of correlation between the above variables; as well<br />as significant values of influence of the knowledge management on intellectual capital, through the use of control variables such as the size of the company and area of trade, through a correlational, and quantitative research with a non-experimental design, where the correlation of Pearson, multiple regression and hierarchical regression were used.</p>

scholarly journals Using a coupled-oscillator model of speech rhythm to estimate rhythmic variability in two Brazilian Portuguese varieties (CE and SP)

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. e577
Author(s):  
Pablo Arantes ◽  
Ronaldo Mangueira Lima Júnior
Keyword(s):  
Brazilian Portuguese ◽  
The State ◽  
Temporal Organization ◽  
Hierarchical Regression ◽  
Entrainment Rate ◽  
Speech Rhythm ◽  
Bayesian Hierarchical ◽  
Syllable Duration ◽  
Natural Duration ◽  
Relative Change

This paper presents preliminary results of a semi-automatic methodology to extract three parameters of a dynamic model of speech rhythm. The model attempts to analyze the production of rhythm as a system of coupled oscillators which represent syllabicity and phrase stress as levels of temporal organization. The estimated parameters are the syllabic oscillator entrainment rate (alpha), the syllabic oscillator decay rate (beta), and the coupling strength between the oscillators (w0). The methodology involves finding the <alpha, beta, w0> combination that minimizes the distance between natural duration contours and simulated contours generated using several combinations of the parameters. The distance between natural and model-generated contours was measured in two ways by comparing: (1) plain or overt syllable to syllable duration and (2) relative change along both contours.We applied this methodology to read speech produced by five speakers of the state of Ceará (CE) and eight speakers of the state of São Paulo (SP). Mean w0 and alpha values are compatible with the view that Brazilian Portuguese is a mixed-rhythm language. Results from two bayesian hierarchical regression models do not suggest a difference between SP and CE speakers, but indicate a difference between the two methods, with the relative change method generating lower alpha values and higher w0 values, and the reverse for the plain duration method.

scholarly journals I hate my workplace but I am very attached to it: workplace attachment style

2017 ◽  
Vol 46 (5) ◽  
pp. 936-949 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fabrizio Scrima ◽  
Liliane Rioux ◽  
Giovanni Di Stefano
Keyword(s):  
Attachment Style ◽  
Adult Attachment ◽  
Attachment Styles ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Secure Attachment ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Worldwide Distribution ◽  
Theoretical Support ◽  
Behavioral System ◽  
It Workplace

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to investigate whether different patterns of workplace attachment exist and to explore the relations between adult attachment styles and the level of workplace attachment. Design/methodology/approach Participants were 351 Italian employees who completed a questionnaire composed of the Workplace Attachment Scale and the Relationship Questionnaire. Data were analyzed using correspondence analysis. Findings The results showed that high scores on workplace attachment correlated significantly with secure attachment style, while low scores correlated with insecure attachment styles. These results shed light on different workplace attachment styles. Research limitations/implications The limitation in this study mostly concern the use of self-reporting instruments to measure the participants’ attachment style, since they may be susceptible to distortions. However, the distribution of attachment styles in this sample is similar to the worldwide distribution, which supports the authors’ choice. Practical implications To the extent that it is possible to identify a specific workplace attachment style, it should also be possible to change some of the human resource management practices inducing employees to develop a workplace secure attachment style. Originality/value Researchers tended to ignore the extension of the adult attachment behavioral system to examine core environmental relationships. The present study, applying attachment theory to workplace attachment, provides theoretical support that the bonds that an individual forms with workplace can be classified as attachment bonds.

When and why follower–leader secure attachment fosters employee creativity

2018 ◽  
Vol 46 (2) ◽  
pp. 177-187 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qin Yang ◽  
Lirong Long ◽  
Zhijun Hou
Keyword(s):  
Attachment Theory ◽  
Environmental Uncertainty ◽  
Hierarchical Regression ◽  
Significant Positive Effect ◽  
Secure Attachment ◽  
Employee Creativity ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
Harmonious Passion ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Positive Effect

We investigated the influence of follower–leader secure attachment (FLSA) on employee creativity from an attachment theory perspective. Data were collected from 263 employees of industries in China and their direct leaders, and analyzed using hierarchical regression analysis. Results revealed that follower–leader secure attachment (FLSA) had a significant positive effect on followers' creativity. Additionally, the effect of FLSA on followers' creativity was mediated by their harmonious passion. Finally, environmental uncertainty moderated the relationship between FLSA and harmonious passion; specifically, FLSA had a stronger impact on followers' harmonious passion when environmental uncertainty was high. We have contributed to greater understanding of employee creativity and attachment in the workplace. Implications for future directions are discussed.

scholarly journals Social and psychological characteristics of mother-child relations in family

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
pp. 32-41
Author(s):  
Laman Novruzlu ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Maternal Behavior ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Data Gathering ◽  
Hierarchical Regression ◽  
Secure Attachment ◽  
Behavior Rating Scale ◽  
Significant Relationships ◽  
Age Range ◽  
Q Sort ◽  
Mother Child Relations

The purpose of this research was to study the correlation between a child’s secure attachment and factors of maternal behavior. Sixty mother-child clusters were randomly selected from the groups who had at least one child within the age range of 1-5. The data gathering instruments included two questionnaires: Attachment Q-Sort [AQS] and Maternal Behavior Rating Scale. Prototype and hierarchical regression analysis [stepwise] were used to analyze the collected data. Results showed that there are positive and significant relationships between secure attachment of a child and factors of maternal behavior. Also, the data from the subscales indicated that there are positive and significant relationships between the child’s secure attachment with sensitivity, warmth and joy in the maternal behavior

Home advantage, rivalry, and referee bias in representative rugby

2014 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 142-157 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charles S. Areni
Keyword(s):  
Regression Models ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Rugby League ◽  
Rugby Union ◽  
Small Sample ◽  
The State ◽  
Hierarchical Regression ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Home Team ◽  
Home Advantage

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to examine whether home advantage (HA), wherein a team is more likely to win, and by a larger margin, when they are playing at home vs away, exists in representative rugby competitions involving teams comprised of “all-star” players from several clubs. It also assesses whether referees are biased in favour of the home team, and whether this is the cause of HA. Design/methodology/approach – A complete consensus of matches from the State of Origin Rugby League and Tri Nations Rugby Union competitions were analysed via hierarchical regression models estimating parameters for favourite/underdog status of teams, general home/away status, team-specific home/away status, and rivalry-specific home/away status. Findings – Significant HA exists in both competitions, and within Tri Nations, the size of the effect varies by team and specific opponent (i.e. rivalry effects). Although there is evidence of referee bias in favour of the home team, the penalty differential between the home and away teams does not mediate HA. Originality/value – This is the first study examining HA in representative rugby league, and shows a statistically significant effect. Further, the results reported here refute an earlier investigation of the Tri Nations competition, which found little or no evidence of HA. By including a complete census of all matches rather than a small sample, this research finds a statistically significant HA effect, which varies by team and by specific rivalry.

scholarly journals Impacts of secure attachment, 5 factor personality, future time perspective on productive ageing

2013 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 341-370
Author(s):  
JuIl Rie
Keyword(s):  
Time Perspective ◽  
Future Time Perspective ◽  
Openness To Experience ◽  
Hierarchical Regression ◽  
Big Five Personality ◽  
Secure Attachment ◽  
Future Time ◽  
Psychological Determinants ◽  
Sociological Factors ◽  
Productive Ageing

It is hope and need of society that most of people will keep their life productive after becoming elderly. In this study, we want to find demographic-sociological and psychological determinants for productive ageing. In our study, productive ageing were constructed as 4 factors, goal pursuit activities, career development activities, family support activities, and society volunteering activities. We collected data from 471 elderly beyond 65. Sex, age, spouse existence, income by month, education, work or non-work, working time were correlated significantly with productive ageing. And openness to experience and conscientious personality, secure attachment, and future time perspective were correlated significantly with productive ageing. Especially, big five personality and future time perspective impacted significantly on productive ageing after controling demographic-sociological factors through hierarchical regression analysis. Openness to experience and future time perspective were important consistently for all productive ageing activities. When we analyzed causal relationship among openness to experience, secure attachment, future time perspective and productive ageing through AMOS, future time perspective mediated relationship between openness to experience and productive ageing, and relationship between secure attachment and productive ageing. Also, openness to experience, secure attachment, and time perspective all had a big impact on productive ageing directly.

State-Dependent GABAergic Inhibition of Sciatic Nerve-Evoked Responses of Dorsal Spinocerebellar Tract Neurons

2004 ◽  
Vol 92 (3) ◽  
pp. 1479-1490 ◽  
Author(s):  
Niwat Taepavarapruk ◽  
Shelly A. McErlane ◽  
Angela Chan ◽  
Sylvia Chow ◽  
Liz Fabian ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sciatic Nerve ◽  
Peripheral Nerve ◽  
Eye Movement ◽  
The State ◽  
Response Magnitude ◽  
Evoked Responses ◽  
Active Sleep ◽  
Quiet Sleep ◽  
Spike Response ◽  
Spinocerebellar Tract

Peripheral nerve-evoked potentials recorded in the cerebellum 35 yr ago inferred that sensory transmission via the dorsal spinocerebellar tract (DSCT) is reduced occasionally and only during eye movements of active sleep compared with wakefulness or quiet sleep. A reduction or withdrawal of primary afferent input and/or ongoing inhibition of individual lumbar DSCT neurons may underlie this occurrence. This study distinguished between these possibilities by examining whether peripheral nerve-evoked responses recorded from individual DSCT neurons are suppressed specifically during active sleep, and if so, whether GABA mediates this phenomenon. Synaptic responses to threshold stimuli applied to the sciatic nerve were characterized by a single spike response at short latency and/or a longer latency burst of action potentials. During the state of quiet wakefulness, response magnitude did not differ from that observed during quiet sleep. During active sleep, short and long latency responses were suppressed by 26 and 14%, respectively, and returned to pre-active sleep levels following awakening from active sleep. Sciatic nerve-evoked early and late responses were further analyzed in a paired fashion around computer-tagged eye movement events that hallmark the state of active sleep. Response magnitude was suppressed by 14.4 and 11.5%, respectively, during eye movement events of active sleep. The GABAA antagonist bicuculline, applied juxtacellularly by microiontophoresis, abolished response suppression during non–eye movement periods and eye movement events of active sleep. In conclusion, synaptic transmission via DSCT neurons is inhibited by GABA tonically during non–eye movement periods and phasically during eye movement events of active sleep.

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