scholarly journals Toward the Impact of EFL Teachers' Self-Efficacy and Collective Efficacy on Students' Engagement

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qiaoqiao Lu ◽  
Zarina Mustafa
Keyword(s):  
Academic Success ◽  
Collective Efficacy ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Sense Of Efficacy ◽  
Efl Teacher ◽  
Efl Teachers ◽  
Review Study ◽  
Theoretical Evidence ◽  
The Impact

Given the centrality of students' engagement in their academic success, considerable attention has been paid to this construct and its potential predictors. Notwithstanding, a limited number of studies have focused on the role of teacher self- and collective efficacy as antecedents of student engagement. Further, no review study has been carried out to illustrate the impact of EFL teacher' efficacy on learning engagement. Hence, the current study intends to review the previous studies conducted on this topic to probe into the beneficial effects of EFL teachers' sense of efficacy on students' academic engagement. The predictability power of EFL teachers' self- and collective efficacy was confirmed through empirical and theoretical evidence. The conclusion and pedagogical implications of the finding are also discussed.

scholarly journals Role of Oleic Acid in the Gut-Liver Axis: From Diet to the Regulation of Its Synthesis via Stearoyl-CoA Desaturase 1 (SCD1)

Nutrients ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 2283 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elena Piccinin ◽  
Marica Cariello ◽  
Stefania De Santis ◽  
Simon Ducheix ◽  
Carlo Sabbà ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oleic Acid ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Olive Oil ◽  
Intestinal Inflammation ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Monounsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Stearoyl Coa Desaturase ◽  
The Impact

The consumption of an olive oil rich diet has been associated with the diminished incidence of cardiovascular disease and cancer. Several studies have attributed these beneficial effects to oleic acid (C18 n-9), the predominant fatty acid principal component of olive oil. Oleic acid is not an essential fatty acid since it can be endogenously synthesized in humans. Stearoyl-CoA desaturase 1 (SCD1) is the enzyme responsible for oleic acid production and, more generally, for the synthesis of monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA). The saturated to monounsaturated fatty acid ratio affects the regulation of cell growth and differentiation, and alteration in this ratio has been implicated in a variety of diseases, such as liver dysfunction and intestinal inflammation. In this review, we discuss our current understanding of the impact of gene-nutrient interactions in liver and gut diseases, by taking advantage of the role of SCD1 and its product oleic acid in the modulation of different hepatic and intestinal metabolic pathways.

scholarly journals Could the beneficial effects of dietary calcium on obesity and diabetes control be mediated by changes in intestinal microbiota and integrity?

2015 ◽  
Vol 114 (11) ◽  
pp. 1756-1765 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. M. G. Gomes ◽  
J. A. Costa ◽  
R. C. Alfenas
Keyword(s):  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Metabolic Diseases ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Body Weight Reduction ◽  
Intestinal Integrity ◽  
Obesity And Diabetes ◽  
Supplementation Period ◽  
Inflammatory State ◽  
The Impact

AbstractEvidence from animal and human studies has associated gut microbiota, increased translocation of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and reduced intestinal integrity (II) with the inflammatory state that occurs in obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Consumption of Ca may favour body weight reduction and glycaemic control, but its influence on II and gut microbiota is not well understood. Considering the impact of metabolic diseases on public health and the role of Ca on the pathophysiology of these diseases, this review critically discusses possible mechanisms by which high-Ca diets could affect gut microbiota and II. Published studies from 1993 to 2015 about this topic were searched and selected from Medline/PubMed, Scielo and Lilacs databases. High-Ca diets seem to favour the growth of lactobacilli, maintain II (especially in the colon), reduce translocation of LPS and regulate tight-junction gene expression. We conclude that dietary Ca might interfere with gut microbiota and II modulations and it can partly explain the effect of Ca on obesity and T2DM control. However, further research is required to define the supplementation period, the dose and the type of Ca supplement (milk or salt) required for more effective results. As Ca interacts with other components of the diet, these interactions must also be considered in future studies. We believe that more complex mechanisms involving extraintestinal disorders (hormones, cytokines and other biomarkers) also need to be studied.

scholarly journals The Ecological Role of Interactions Between Plants in Agroecosystems

2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 293 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amer Sunulahpašić ◽  
Sanja Čekić ◽  
Jelena Golijan ◽  
Saud Hamidović
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Resistance Mechanisms ◽  
Cultivated Plants ◽  
Ecological Interactions ◽  
Plant Populations ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Development Of Resistance ◽  
Chemical Agents ◽  
The Impact

Modern agricultural production considers intensive use of agro-technology and chemical agents, which in addition to multiple benefits, results in loss of diversity. One of the methods for improvement of ecological interactions within the agroecosystem is increasing the diversity of cultivated plants. Previous studies have shown the impact of diversification of crops on pest populations in agricultural agroecosystems and demonstrated how certain techniques such as intercropping, can significantly affect the control of herbivores. This paper presents the influence and the role of intercropping in suppression of pests, weeds and diseases. According to the data presented, it is evident that, by using intercropping, multiple beneficial effects for the plant populations can be achieved, followed by development of resistance mechanisms, as well as production of compounds with suppressive effects on overall plants pathogens, weeds and pests.

scholarly journals Accept Anxiety to Improve Sleep: The Impact of the COVID-19 Lockdown on the Relationships between Mindfulness, Distress and Sleep Quality

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (24) ◽  
pp. 13149
Author(s):  
Marco Mirolli ◽  
Luca Simione ◽  
Monica Martoni ◽  
Marco Fabbri
Keyword(s):  
Sleep Quality ◽  
Sleep Problems ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Dispositional Mindfulness ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Mediating Role ◽  
Leading Role ◽  
Improve Sleep Quality ◽  
The Impact

It has been recently proposed that mindfulness can improve sleep quality through the mediating role on psychological distress and that acceptance may play a pivotal role in mindfulness beneficial effects. The aim of the present work was to understand the effects of the COVID-19 lockdown on dispositional mindfulness, sleep, and distress, and on their relationships. In particular, we wanted to test the hypothesis that the detrimental effects of lockdown on sleep depended on mindfulness and distress (including anxiety and depression) and that the acceptance facet of mindfulness played the leading role. A longitudinal study based on self-report questionnaires was conducted on 39 Italian adults (M age = 35.03, SD = 14.02; 21 men) assessing mindfulness, distress, and sleep quality before (23 December 2019–8 March 2020) and during (27 April 2020–10 May 2020) the first Italian COVID-19 lockdown. Lockdown decreased mindfulness while increasing distress and sleep problems. Path analysis showed that the effects of lockdown on sleep were fully mediated by mindfulness and distress. Furthermore, a more detailed analysis showed that these effects were mainly dependent on the acceptance component of mindfulness working through anxiety. The present study confirms, in the context of the COVID-19 lockdown, a model according to which mindfulness, and specifically acceptance, influences sleep through the mediating role of distress.

scholarly journals The Impact of Experience on the Intrinsic Motivation of EFL Teachers Who Teach Online

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 ◽  
pp. 99-112
Author(s):  
Beril Er ◽  
Necmiye Karataş
Keyword(s):  
Online Education ◽  
Intrinsic Motivation ◽  
Online Teaching ◽  
Teacher Motivation ◽  
Preparatory School ◽  
Teaching Online ◽  
Efl Teachers ◽  
Teachers And Students ◽  
The Impact

Remote teaching has become more popular than before in Turkey as in most parts of the world because of Covid-19 pandemic. Most of the teachers and students have had some difficulties in adapting to distance education. It has been observed that the motivation of both parties might be affected by this sudden shift to online education. Although many reasons affecting teacher motivation have been identified so far, it is believed that every single study will contribute to the purpose of bettering the present EFL teaching. The current study aims to investigate the role of experience on the intrinsic motivation of EFL teachers involved in online teaching andto find out whether years of experience have an effect on teachers' intrinsic motivation. In this study, the data was compiled from 46 EFL teachers working at Istanbul Aydin University English Preparatory School. An adapted Attitude/Motivation Test Battery (AMTB) questionnaire was used to gather the data. The obtained descriptive data were analyzed by using SPSS. The results of this study proved that experience does not have a significant impact on EFL teachers’ motivation teaching online.

scholarly journals Assessment of the Impact of Pro-Poor Growth on Poverty in Developing Countries

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 255
Author(s):  
Ilhem Zorgui ◽  
Houda Ayed ◽  
Said Jaouadi
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Empirical Research ◽  
Econometric Model ◽  
Poor Growth ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
National Wealth ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Empirical Analysis ◽  
New Framework

The paper aims at determining the impact of pro-poor growth on poverty in developing countries. The abundant literature regarding the issue of beneficial effects of the raise of national wealth on poor classes provided conflicted findings. In the addition of the theoretical review regarding the surveys attempting to find out the role of growth on poverty, the present paper relies on providing a new framework of analysis to find out the real impact of economic growth on the living conditions of the poor. The empirical analysis stands for the conduct of an empirical research made up of an econometric model applied on a panel of some developing countries.The empirical research revealed that growth could have a harmful impact on poverty in developing countries. The last finding remains limited because the coefficient is not statistically significant. The illustration of the outcome focuses on the lack of data about ineffective income redistribution, or regarding the contribution of some specific economic field as agriculture.

Exploring Prospective EFL Teachers' Beliefs About Teachers and Teaching Through Metaphor Analysis

2019 ◽  
pp. 131-147
Author(s):  
Anıl Rakıcıoğlu-Söylemez ◽  
Ayşe Selmin Söylemez ◽  
Amanda Yeşilbursa
Keyword(s):  
Language Learners ◽  
Prospective Teachers ◽  
Study Data ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Prior Beliefs ◽  
Mentoring Practices ◽  
Efl Teacher ◽  
Teachers Beliefs ◽  
Efl Teachers

This study aimed to explore prospective EFL teachers' metaphors of “teachers, teaching and being a prospective EFL teacher” at the beginning and the end of a ten-week practicum course. A total of 110 Turkish prospective EFL teachers voluntarily participated in the study. Data was collected using semi-structured interviews and metaphor-elicitation forms. Results lead to three major conclusions. First, the participants' prior beliefs about the role of an EFL teacher and teaching were affected by their previous experiences as language learners. Second, although the content analysis of the metaphors revealed a limited change throughout the practicum experience, the analysis of the interviews showed the dynamic nature of beliefs held by the prospective teachers. Finally, data analysis of the interviews revealed that the variation in beliefs and practices mainly derived from individual experiences with mentoring practices of the cooperating teachers and the socio-professional context of the practicum school.

Urban safety: A re-reading of the sense of unsafety through individual and ecological dimensions

2018 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 188-209 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fabio Ferretti ◽  
Andrea Pozza ◽  
Anna Coluccia
Keyword(s):  
Collective Efficacy ◽  
Fear Of Crime ◽  
Ecological Factors ◽  
Ethnic Composition ◽  
Perception Of Safety ◽  
Gender And Age ◽  
Urban Safety ◽  
Individual Variables ◽  
The Impact

The issue of urban safety is a research topic that has attracted the attention of scholars for several years, particularly in relation to the effects of individual and environmental variables that influence the fear of crime. Some recent studies have redefined the study of fear of crime, widening it to a more general dimension represented by the perception of safety. However, no specific tool has been proposed to measure this construct. In this paper, a new assessment scale of the perception of unsafety has been used to examine the impact of individual factors (gender, age, etc.) and ecological factors (ethnic composition of the neighbourhood, residential stability, etc.) on the dimensions of the scale (general sense of unsafety, perception of physical and social disorder, collective efficacy perception and preoccupation with crime). Results showed a strong convergence with the existing evidence with regard to the ambiguous role of some individual variables, such as gender and age, and for the influence of the characteristics of the neighbourhood.

scholarly journals Low compliance contribute to insufficient Desmopressin response of primary monosymptomatic nocturnal enuresis and the role of voiding school

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zoran Radojicic ◽  
Sasa Milivojevic ◽  
Irena Koricanac ◽  
Jelena Milin Lazovic ◽  
Darko Laketic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nocturnal Enuresis ◽  
Therapeutic Effects ◽  
Good Compliance ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Effect Of Therapy ◽  
Monosymptomatic Nocturnal Enuresis ◽  
Primary Monosymptomatic Nocturnal Enuresis ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Percent Decrease

Abstract Aims To evaluate the impact of compliance on the therapeutic effects of Desmopressin, as well as the importance of establishing the voiding school for low-compliance children in primary monosymptomatic enuresis treatment. Methods Eighty-nine patients with primary monosymptomatic enuresis treated with Desmopressin were observed during the 2017–2020 at University Children’s Hospital Belgrade, Serbia. The average patients age was 7.7 ± 2.4 years; 65 (73%) were boys and 24 (27%) % were girls. After the 3 months of Desmopressin treatment, the effect of therapy was evaluated according to the compliance. After the treatment, low-compliance patients and their parents were suggested to visit a voiding school. Results A significant decrease in the median enuresis frequency was noticed during the Desmopressin treatment (25.0 (20.0–26.0) vs 10.0 (2.0–17.0) per month, before vs after treatment, respectively) (p < 0.001). Patients with low compliance had a poorer response to Desmopressin (p < 0.001). An median enuresis reduction in the good compliance group was 92.3% (86.7 -95%), while in the low compliance group was 28.6% (16.7–43.3%). After attending voiding school, there was a significant increase in compliance (p < 0.001), associated with an median percent decrease in enuresis of 84.0% (75.0–95.5%) (p < 0.001). Conclusion Compliance considerably influences the beneficial effects of Desmopressin. Patients with poor therapeutic effects should be evaluated for compliance and introduced to voiding school.

scholarly journals The impact of keto-adaptation on exercise performance and the role of metabolic-regulating cytokines

2019 ◽  
Vol 110 (3) ◽  
pp. 562-573 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew Sherrier ◽  
Hongshuai Li
Keyword(s):  
Exercise Performance ◽  
Refractory Epilepsy ◽  
Ketone Bodies ◽  
Adaptation Period ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Active Growth ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Low Carbohydrate ◽  
The Impact

ABSTRACTThe ketogenic diet (KD) is a normocaloric diet composed of high-fat, low-carbohydrate, and adequate protein that induces fasting-like effects and results in the production of ketone bodies. Initially used widely for children with refractory epilepsy, the KD gained popularity due to its beneficial effects on weight loss, diabetes, and cancer. In recent years, there has been a resurgence in interest surrounding the KD and exercise performance. This review provides new insights into the adaptation period necessary for enhancement in skeletal muscle fat and ketone oxidation after sustained nutritional ketosis. In addition, this review highlights metabolically active growth factors and cytokines, which may function as important regulators of keto-adaptation in the setting of exercise and the KD.

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