scholarly journals Research, Clinical, and Sociological Aspects of Autism

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul Whiteley ◽  
Kevin Carr ◽  
Paul Shattock
Keyword(s):  
Early Diagnosis ◽  
Diagnostic Criteria ◽  
Old Age ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Research Focus ◽  
Key Issues ◽  
New Challenges ◽  
To Come ◽  
Diagnostic Changes ◽  
Insight Into

The concept of autism continues to evolve. Not only have the central diagnostic criteria that define autism evolved but understanding of the label and how autism is viewed in research, clinical and sociological terms has also changed. Several key issues have emerged in relation to research, clinical and sociological aspects of autism. Shifts in research focus to encompass the massive heterogeneity covered under the label and appreciation that autism rarely exists in a diagnostic vacuum have brought about new questions and challenges. Diagnostic changes, increasing moves towards early diagnosis and intervention, and a greater appreciation of autism in girls and women and into adulthood and old age have similarly impacted on autism in the clinic. Discussions about autism in socio-political terms have also increased, as exemplified by the rise of ideas such as neurodiversity and an increasingly vocal dialogue with those diagnosed on the autism spectrum. Such changes are to be welcomed, but at the same time bring with them new challenges. Those changes also offer an insight into what might be further to come for the label of autism.

The History of ICSID

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Parra Antonio R
Keyword(s):  
World Bank ◽  
The World Bank ◽  
The World ◽  
History Of ◽  
Key Issues ◽  
New Challenges ◽  
Insight Into

This revised edition of the text details the history and development of the International Centre for Settlement of Investment Disputes (ICSID) and its constituent treaty, the Convention on the Settlement of Investment Disputes between States and Nationals of Other States. The book traces the immediate origins of the Convention, in the years 1955 to 1962, and gives a stage-by-stage narrative of the drafting of the Convention between 1962 and 1965. It recounts details of bringing the Convention into force in 1966 and the elaboration of the initial versions of the Regulations and Rules of ICSID adopted at the first meetings of its Administrative Council in 1967. The four periods 1968 to 1988, 1989 to 1999, 2000 to 2010 and 2011 to 2015 are covered in separate chapters which examine the expansion of the Centre’s activities and changes made to the Regulations and Rules over the years. There are also overviews of the conciliation and arbitration cases submitted to ICSID in the respective periods, followed by discussions of selected cases and key issues within them. A concluding chapter discusses some of the broad themes and findings of the book, examines how ICSID might meet several large new challenges facing it and outlines several possible further changes of its rules and procedures. The book offers unique insight into the establishment and design of ICSID, as well as into how the institution evolved and its relationship with the World Bank over the 50 years since the establishment of ICSID.

Overview of a Life Skills Coaching Program for Adults on the Autism Spectrum: Coaches’ Perspectives

2021 ◽  
pp. 003329412199102
Author(s):  
Ashleigh Hillier ◽  
Nataliya Poto ◽  
David Schena ◽  
Jessica Dorey ◽  
Abigail Buckingham ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Service Provision ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Life Skills ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Adults With Autism ◽  
Program Staff ◽  
Preliminary Examination ◽  
Effective Service ◽  
Insight Into

There is considerable need to identify effective service provision models to support adults on the autism spectrum as they seek to lead independent lives. This study outlines an individualized life skills coaching program for adults with autism, “LifeMAP”, and the experiences and perspectives of the coaches. Responses on a tailored questionnaire provided detailed insight into how the coaches were performing their job, the strategies they utilized, reasons for client success and difficulty, challenges faced by the coaches, and ways they were supported by program staff. Coaches’ job self-efficacy and satisfaction were also examined. This study serves as a preliminary examination of individualized coaching for adults with autism from the coaches’ perspective.

scholarly journals Study of Live Lecture Attendance, Student Perceptions and Expectations

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Johnathan Emahiser ◽  
John Nguyen ◽  
Cheryl Vanier ◽  
Amina Sadik
Keyword(s):  
Student Perceptions ◽  
Teaching Practices ◽  
First Year ◽  
First Year Students ◽  
Study Materials ◽  
Class B ◽  
Second Year ◽  
To Come ◽  
Perceptions And Expectations ◽  
Insight Into

AbstractDeclining lecture attendance has been an ongoing concern for educators involved in undergraduate medical education. A survey was developed (a) to gain insight into the reasons students skipped class, (b) to identify the type of study materials they were using, and (c) to determine what they thought would motivate them to come to class. The survey was sent to 317 first-year and second-year medical students, and 145 (45%) responded. Only 63% of first-year students and 53% of second-year students attended any lectures that were not mandatory. The attendance was higher for students who aspired to less competitive specialties such as pediatrics and family medicine. The most popular reasons for not coming to class were related to the efficiency of information intake and instructor or class style. The most heavily used resources (> 60%) were materials or recorded lectures provided by the instructor. The second-year students also heavily used outside study materials for Board exams, such as Pathoma (50%). Students’ ideas for what might increase their attendance suggest that they perceive that the lectures may not prepare them for Board exams, and they would like faculty to address Board related content more often in class and on assessments. Respondents also suggested that teaching practices might be improved through faculty development. Faculty awareness of and references to Board exam content, embedded in strong teaching practices, may help students find more value in live lectures. Carefully designed active learning sessions may change students’ minds regarding the relevance and value of these sessions.

scholarly journals Exploring the functions of music in the lives of young people on the autism spectrum

2021 ◽  
pp. 030573562110089
Author(s):  
Melissa L Kirby ◽  
Karen Burland
Keyword(s):  
Young People ◽  
Everyday Life ◽  
Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Phenomenological Analysis ◽  
Multiple Methods ◽  
Social Functions ◽  
Interview Technique ◽  
Autistic People ◽  
Insight Into

Current research investigating the functions of music in everyday life has identified cognitive, emotional, and social functions of music. However, previous research focuses almost exclusively on neurotypical people and rarely considers the musical experiences of autistic people. In addition, there is limited research which focuses explicitly on the musical experiences of young people on the autism spectrum. Current research exploring the functions of music may therefore not accurately represent the experiences of the autistic community. This article aims to explore the function of music in the lives of young people on the autism spectrum through a series of interviews. Eleven young people on the autism spectrum age 12 to 25 ( M = 19.4) were interviewed about the function of music in their lives. An adaptive interview technique, utilizing multiple methods of communication, was employed to account for the participants’ broad communicative and personal needs. Interpretative phenomenological analysis revealed four key functions of music in the participants’ lives: Cognitive, Emotional, Social, and Identity. Collectively, these results provide a unique insight into the musical experiences of young people on the autism spectrum.

scholarly journals Hyperimmunoglobulin E syndrome presenting as osteogenesis imperfecta in a 3 year old child

2013 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 6
Author(s):  
Stephen Gorgas ◽  
Walid Abuhammour ◽  
R. Alexander Blackwood
Keyword(s):  
Early Diagnosis ◽  
Osteogenesis Imperfecta ◽  
Diagnostic Criteria ◽  
Medical Cost ◽  
Diagnostic Tests ◽  
Medical System ◽  
Young Population ◽  
Medical Providers ◽  
Hyper Ige Syndrome ◽  
Serious Infections

We present a case of hyperimmunoglobulin E (hyper-IgE) syndrome in a three year old boy. There are many pitfalls in diagnosing this disease in the very young population, mainly due to the ambiguity of some diagnostic criteria in this population. Recognizing this syndrome early in life can potentially be very beneficial to the patients involved and the medical system as a whole. Early diagnosis can lead to fewer diagnostic tests, fewer referrals, and more focused exams, thus potentially reducing medical cost while also reducing the number of serious infections later in life, including those which are potentially fatal. Additionally, a well-known association between lymphoma and hyper-IgE syndrome has been established; while no recommendations are currently in place for screening, early diagnosis could help medical providers have a higher threshold for diagnosis of this disease.

Pelestarian Terbitan Berkala Koleksi Perpustakaan Nasional Republik Indonesia dengan Metode Penjilidan “Malaysia”

2021 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-25
Author(s):  
Damaji Ratmono
Keyword(s):  
Field Research ◽  
Future Generations ◽  
Literature Study ◽  
National Library ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Descriptive Research ◽  
History Of ◽  
Research Interviews ◽  
To Come ◽  
Insight Into

Preservation of library materials or library collections is an effort made so that library materials can be used by future generations. This paper describes the "Malaysian" binding method used by the Sub Division of Technical Binding Materials of the National Library of Indonesia in preserving the collection of periodicals such as tabloids and newspapers. Apart from that, this paper also describes some of the advantages and disadvantages seen in the use of the "Malaysian" method as well as the early history of using this method in preserving the collection of periodicals in the National Library of Indonesia. This writing aims to make readers, especially library managers, know and gain insight into the "Malaysian" binding method. This writing method is through descriptive research with a qualitative approach. Methods of data collection are carried out through the field research, interviews, and literature study. The results show that the National Library of Indonesia uses this method after studying it from Malaysia in May 1990. From observations it is also known that this method has several advantages, namely the binding result is stronger, the collection is more preserved, the binding can be assembled and has an aesthetic side. Meanwhile, the disadvantages of this binding method are that the process tends to be longer, more expensive, cannot be put on too many shelves because the collection will shift backwards, the pages tend to come off easily if the stitches are not strong enough, and can only be used in binding periodical collections.

scholarly journals The third way. Humanitarian corridors in peacetime as a (local) civil society response to a EU’s common failure

2017 ◽  
Vol 25 (51) ◽  
pp. 59-75 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pedro Gois ◽  
Giulia Falchi
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Civil Society ◽  
Foreign Affairs ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Third Way ◽  
Key Issues ◽  
Durable Solutions ◽  
Forced Migrants ◽  
To Come ◽  
Multi Stakeholder

Abstract Migration has been and will continue to be one of the key issues for Europe in the coming decades. Fundamental developments such as economy, climate change, globalization of transport and communication, war and instability in the neighbouring regions, are all factors that continue to drive people to come to Europe, in search of shelter and a better life or to reunite with their families. In recent years, vulnerability of forced migrants has been exacerbated by worsening conflicts in their home country, which make repatriation less and less a viable option, and by mounting intolerance within local communities. A growing number of potential refugees attempts to escape transit countries to reach the European Union by embarking in dangerous journeys to cross the Mediterranean Sea and illegally enter the European Union. Within the European Union resettlement represents a 'durable solution' for vulnerable forced migrants alongside local integration and voluntary repatriation, a protection tool for potential people whose lives and liberty are at risk. In Italy, a group of institutions from civil society and the Italian Ministries of Foreign Affairs and of Interior signed a Protocol of Agreement for the establishment of Humanitarian Corridors to ensure the legal and safe resettlement of asylum seekers. Our article will show how these Humanitarian Corridors proved to be a successful multi-stakeholder engagement to support safe and legal pathways to protection as well as durable solutions for third country nationals in need of protection.

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