scholarly journals Assessment of the Content of Dry Matter and Dry Organic Matter in Compost with Neural Modelling Methods

Agriculture ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 307
Author(s):  
Dawid Wojcieszak ◽  
Maciej Zaborowicz ◽  
Jacek Przybył ◽  
Piotr Boniecki ◽  
Aleksander Jędruś
Keyword(s):  
Image Analysis ◽  
Organic Matter ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Neural Model ◽  
Original Method ◽  
Neural Models ◽  
Test Error ◽  
Effective Assessment ◽  
Modelling Methods

Neural image analysis is commonly used to solve scientific problems of biosystems and mechanical engineering. The method has been applied, for example, to assess the quality of foodstuffs such as fruit and vegetables, cereal grains, and meat. The method can also be used to analyse composting processes. The scientific problem lets us formulate the research hypothesis: it is possible to identify representative traits of the image of composted material that are necessary to create a neural model supporting the process of assessment of the content of dry matter and dry organic matter in composted material. The effect of the research is the identification of selected features of the composted material and the methods of neural image analysis resulted in a new original method enabling effective assessment of the content of dry matter and dry organic matter. The content of dry matter and dry organic matter can be analysed by means of parameters specifying the colour of compost. The best developed neural models for the assessment of the content of dry matter and dry organic matter in compost are: in visible light RBF 19:19-2-1:1 (test error 0.0922) and MLP 14:14-14-11-1:1 (test error 0.1722), in mixed light RBF 30:30-8-1:1 (test error 0.0764) and MLP 7:7-9-7-1:1 (test error 0.1795). The neural models generated for the compost images taken in mixed light had better qualitative characteristics.

scholarly journals Kajian Mutu dan Palatibilitas Silase dan Hay Ransum Komplit Berbasis Sampah Organik Primer pada Kambing Peranakan Etawah

2008 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-38 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yusmadi Yusmadi ◽  
Nahrowi Nahrowi ◽  
Muhammad Ridla
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Organic Matter Content ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Physical Chemical ◽  
Microbial Characteristics ◽  
Dietary Treatments ◽  
Better Than ◽  
Measuring Ph

The quality and palatibility of silage and hay complete ration based on organic primer garbage in peranakan etawah (PE) poadABSTRACT. This research was conducted to study the quality and palatability of silage and hay complete ration based on organic primer garbage in nine heads of Peranakan Etawah (PE) Goat. The quality of silage and hay was evaluated By measuring pH, total number of lactic acid Bacteria (LAB), palatability, dry matter (DM) and organic matter (OM) aroma and color of silage. Nine heads of peranakan etawah were grouped based on their lactation periode and randomly assigned to one of tree dietary treatments. The treatments were (1) Control rations; (2) silage complete ration (SRK); and (3) Hay complete ration (HRK). The results indicated that the silage had PH 4.15 and total number of LAB was 2.4 x 10 cfu/g of silage. Dry matter and organic matter digestibility of SRK were better than those of HRK. The palatability of SRK was higher than HRK but less than control. Storage of SRK for did not change dry matter and organic matter content. Organoleptic analysis indicated that texture and color of HRK were changed at after storage, while SRK was still constant. It is concluded that silage composed of organic primer garbage has high quality in terms of physical, chemical and microbial characteristics, prolong storage.

Growth and quality of tropical forages in a temperate climate

1977 ◽  
Vol 17 (89) ◽  
pp. 991 ◽  
Author(s):  
CJ Pearson ◽  
KW Dawbin ◽  
DK Muldoon ◽  
LC Campbell
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
New South ◽  
Temperate Climate ◽  
Dry Matter Accumulation ◽  
Maize Hybrid ◽  
South Wales ◽  
Tropical Forages ◽  
Hybrid Pennisetum

Dry matter accumulation in maize, hybrid pennisetum and mid- and late-season pearl millet were assessed following planting in mid-summer at Camden, New South Wales. Productivity was high in maize and hybrid pennisetum, the maximum above-ground rate of dry matter accumulation averaging 590 kg ha-1 day-1 for 20 days for maize in March 1975. Productivity was lower in the pearl millets which lodged in April of 1975 and 1976. Organic matter digestibility was superior in maize, phosphorus concentrations were higher in hybrid pennisetum and magnesium and calcium concentrations were the same in hybrid pennisetum as in maize. The concentrations of minerals would be generally too low to maintain highly-productive livestock if they were fed exclusively on these tropical forages.

scholarly journals Nutritional Variation of Different Feed Ingredients and Compound Feed Found in Different Parts of Nepal

2009 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. 75-81 ◽  
Author(s):  
MR Tiwari ◽  
SK Khanal ◽  
B Shrestha ◽  
RK Jha
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Calcium Content ◽  
Crude Fibre ◽  
Feed Ingredients ◽  
Research Journal ◽  
Meat Meal ◽  
Phosphorous Content

Many feed industries in various parts of the country have been producing and marketingdifferent types of compound feeds. The source of feed ingredients also varies greatly which willultimately lead to the variation in the quality of finished products. Altogether 493 samples of 50different feed ingredients and compound feed were collected from Baglung, Baitadi, Banke,Chitwan, Darchula, Dolakha, Dolpa, Gorkha, Ilam, Jhapa, Kathmandu, Kaski, Lalitpur,Lamjung, Morang, Mahottary, Makwanpur, Myagdi, Nawal Parasi, Parbat, Parsa, Rasuwa,Rupandehi, Sankhuwasava, Sunsari, Saptari, Sarlahi, Sindhupalchok, Siraha, Syangja andTanahun districts. Highest content of dry matter (99.51%), organic matter (98.45%), total ash(98.14%) and crude protein (67.85%) was recorded for oyster cell, white maize grain, oyster celland meat meal respectively. Similarly, the rice husk was found to be superior in crude fibrecontent (34.46%) In terms of mineral oyster cell was found to be superior in calcium content(35.94%) and bone meal in phosphorous content (1.59%) as compared to other feed ingredients.Key words: Crude fibre; crude protein; dry matter; feed ingredients; organic matter; total ashDOI: 10.3126/narj.v7i0.1872Nepal Agriculture Research Journal Vol.7 2006 pp.75-81

scholarly journals The Nutrients Contents, Dry Matter Digestibility, Organic Matter Digestibility, Total Digestible Nutrient, and NH3 Rumen Production of Three Kinds of Cattle Feeding Models

2017 ◽  
Vol 3 (6) ◽  
pp. 338 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Anam Al-Arif ◽  
Lucia Tri Suwanti ◽  
AT Soelih Estoepangestie ◽  
Mirni Lamid
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Agricultural Waste ◽  
Nutrient Content ◽  
Nutrient Digestibility ◽  
Dry Matter Digestibility ◽  
Organic Matter Digestibility ◽  
Soybean Straw

In Indonesia, forage is difficult to obtain in the dry season, while the agricultural waste very abundant and potentially pollute the environment. Use of agricultural waste as feed animal is very advantage to obtain cattle nutrients need and alleviate pollution. An experiment was conducted to evaluate the nutrient quality of fermented complete feed based on soybean straw (CFS), compared with forage (F) or forage and concentrate with 4:1 ratio (FC). Proximate analysis was conducted to three kind of feed, then nutrients digestibility were conducted by in-vitro analyzed. Each kind of feed consisted of 4 replicates. The results showed that CFS had higher ash and crude protein content and less crude fiber than FS and F. CFS had dry matter digestibility (DMD), organic matter digestibility (OMD) and total digestible nutrients (TDN) significantly (p< 0.05) higher than F but not significantly different with FC. There are not significantly different of NH3 production among the three kinds of feed. The conclusion was CFS had highest nutrient content. CFS and FC had digestible nutrient that higher than F. The quality of CFS can still be improved by adding N digestible for rumen microbe growth.Key words: complete feed, soybean straw, nutrient digestibility

scholarly journals Quality of Chopped Maize Can Be Improved by Processing

Agriculture ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 1226
Author(s):  
Filip Jančík ◽  
Petra Kubelková ◽  
Dana Kumprechtová ◽  
Radko Loučka ◽  
Petr Homolka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Organic Matter ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Processing Method ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Processing Technologies ◽  
Maize Hybrid ◽  
Particle Size Fractions ◽  
Grain Processing

The aim of this study was to assess the effect of different maize processing technologies, comparing treatments with conventional rollers (control), MCC MAX rollers and a Shredlage crop processor on the quality of chopped maize. All the three types of chopped maize were harvested on the same day from the same field where the same maize hybrid was grown. The chemical composition of chopped maize, degree of grain processing and particle size fractions, and the effect of the treatments on rumen disappearance of dry matter, organic matter, NDF and starch were assessed. The highest degree of grain processing was achieved with the Shredlage processor (79.2%), and at the same time this processing method had a tendency to produce the highest proportion of physically effective fibre (37.2%). Compared to the conventional rollers (control), the chopped maize produced using the Shredlage processor had higher disappearance of dry matter, organic matter and NDF after 48 h of rumen incubation and of starch after 24 h of incubation. The MCC MAX rollers provided higher disappearance of all nutrients compared to the control treatment after both 24 and 48 h of incubation.

scholarly journals Yield and Nutritional Quality of Sweet Lupine (Lupinus angustifolius) Grown in Midaltitudes of Lemo District, Hadiya Zone, Southern Ethiopia

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Fikadu T. Riga ◽  
Kassa S. Retta ◽  
Melkamu B. Derseh
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Nutritional Quality ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Lupinus Angustifolius ◽  
Forage Yield ◽  
Southern Ethiopia ◽  
Acid Detergent Fiber

The study was conducted to determine the yield and nutritional quality of sweet lupine (Lupinus angustifolius.) grown in midaltitude of Lemo District, Southern Ethiopia. The yield and nutritive value of sweet lupine in terms of quantity and quality was conducted using a factorial experiment arranged in a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications. The treatments for the study were two sweet lupine varieties (Vitabore and Sanabore), two locations (Upper Gana and Jewe Kebeles, and six levels of planting spacing: 30 cm × 7 cm (S1), 40 cm × 7 cm (S2), 30 cm × 15 cm (S3), 40 cm × 15 cm (S4), 30 cm × 20 cm (S5), and 40 cm × 20 cm (S6)). The yield, chemical composition, and digestibility among parameters were studied. Sweet lupine varieties in Upper Gana Kebele gave the highest green forage yield (39.58 t/ha) and forage dry matter (4.84 t/ha) at 30 cm × 7 cm planting spacing, respectively. Seed yield (SYD) (t/ha) was highly affected ( P < 0.01 ) by location. The maximum seed (2.98 t/ha) yield was observed in Upper Gana Kebele with the minimum (2.15 t/ha) at Jewe Kebele. The forage in Jewe Kebele gave the highest organic matter (OM) (87.01%) and acid detergent fiber (ADF) (37.50%) content at a stage of 100% flowering. Sweet lupine forage in Upper Gana Kebele gave the highest crude protein (CP) content (23.11%) while the highest forage CP content was recorded at a planting space of 40 cm × 20 cm (23.67%). Sweet lupine forage gave the maximum in vitro organic matter digestibility (IVOMD) (69.10%) at a spacing of 40 cm × 20 cm in Upper Gana. The highest CP (29.11%) content and IVOMD (80.49%) of seed were recorded in Upper Gana Kebele. The overall result of this study suggested that green forage yield and forage dry matter yield are affected by location, planting spacing, and stage of flowering, whereas the chemical composition of sweet lupine forage was affected by location and variety interaction (dry matter and acid detergent fiber), location and stage of flowering interaction (OM, ADF and total ash), location (CP, metabolizable energy (ME), and IVOMD), planting spacing (CP and IVOMD), and stage of flowering (CP and ME). On the other hand, sweet lupine seed yield, seed CP, and IVOMD were affected by location. The large differences in yield and nutritive values observed among sweet lupine varieties, growth environment, planting spacing, and their interactions entail consideration of these factors for appropriate utilization of sweet lupine as a feed resource for livestock.

scholarly journals Evaluasi Kecernaan In Vitro Bahan Kering dan Bahan Organik Kulit Singkong Fermentasi Sebagai Bahan Pakan Ternak

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 127
Author(s):  
Firman Nasiu ◽  
Wa Laili Salido ◽  
Andi Murlina Tasse ◽  
Syamsuddin Syamsuddin ◽  
Hairil A. Hadini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Aspergillus Niger ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
In Vitro Digestibility ◽  
Additional Information ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
Cassava Peel

ABSTRAKPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk melakukan evaluasi kecernaan in vitro bahan kering dan bahan organik kulit singkong yang difermentasi menggunakan jamur Aspergillus niger dan EM-4 sehingga dapat memberikan informasi tambahan mengenai kualitas kulit siongkong yang difermentasi maupun tanpa fermentasi.  Rancangan penelitian yang digunakan adalah rancangan acak lengkap (RAL) yang terdiri atas 4 perlakuan dan 4 ulangan.  Perlakuan yang diberikan terhadap kulit singkong adalah P1 (tanpa fermentasi), P2 (fermentasi dengan Aspergillus niger), P3 (fermentasi dengan EM-4), P4 (fermentasi dengan kombinasi A. niger dan EM-4).  Evaluasi kecernaan in vitro ini dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode Tilley and Terry.  Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penambahan jamur A. niger dan EM-4 dalam proses fermentasi kulit singkong dapat meningkatkan kecernaan bahan kering dan bahan kering kulit singkong secara signifikan dimana hasil terbaik diperoleh pada penambahan kombinas A. niger dan EM-4.Kata kunci: Aspergillus niger, bahan kering, bahan organik, EM-4, kecernaan in vitroABSTRACTThe aim of this study was to evaluate the in vitro digestibility of dry matter and organic matter of fermented cassava peel using Aspergillus niger and EM-4 inoculant to provide additional information about the quality of fermented and unfermented cassava peel. The study design used was a completely randomized design (CRD) consisting of 4 treatments and 4 replications. The treatments were P1 (without fermentation), P2 (fermented with Aspergillus niger), P3 (fermented with EM-4), P4 (fermented with a combination of A. niger and EM-4). This in vitro digestibility evaluation was conducted by using the Tilley and Terry method. The results showed that the addition of A. niger fungi and EM-4 in the fermentation process of cassava peel could significantly improve the digestibility of dry matter and dry matter of cassava peel where the best results were obtained on the addition of A. niger and EM-4 combinations.Keywords: Aspergillus niger, dry matter, EM-4, in vitro digestibility, organic matter

scholarly journals Quality of leucaena, gliricidia, and pornunça silages with different old man saltbush levels

2019 ◽  
Vol 40 (5Supl1) ◽  
pp. 2363
Author(s):  
Tadeu Vinhas Voltolini ◽  
Kaio Victor Justo Belem ◽  
Gherman Garcia Leal de Araújo ◽  
Salete Alves de Moraes ◽  
Glayciane Costa Gois ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Mineral Matter ◽  
Ethereal Extract ◽  
Linear Effect ◽  
Linear Behavior ◽  
Total Carbohydrates

This study aimed to evaluate the quality of leucaena, gliricidia, and pornunça silages with different levels of old man saltbush inclusion in their composition. A completely randomized design was used with five levels of old man saltbush (Atriplex nummularia) inclusion (0, 25, 50, 75, and 100%) in leucaena (Leucaena leucocephala), gliricidia (Gliricidia sepium), and pornunça (Manihot sp.) silages, with 5 replications per treatment, totaling 75 experimental mini-silos maintained in a covered shed and free of opportunistic animals. Silos were opened after 100 days of ensilage, and the silage of the first 15 cm of their ends was discarded. The remaining material was homogenized and sampled for determining the bromatological composition, in vitro digestibility, and fermentation profile. Old man saltbush inclusion levels in leucaena silages promoted a negative linear effect for dry matter, organic matter, crude protein, ethereal extract, pH, and ammoniacal nitrogen, while a positive linear effect was found for mineral matter, in vitro dry matter digestibility, total carbohydrates, non-fibrous carbohydrates, and propionic acid (P < 0.05). This silage also had a quadratic effect for lactic acid. Gliricidia silages showed a positive linear behavior for dry matter, mineral matter, and total carbohydrates, whereas organic matter, crude protein, and ethereal extract presented a negative linear behavior (P < 0.05). The contents of organic lactic, acetic, and propionic acids showed a quadratic effect for gliricidia silage as old man saltbush levels increased (P < 0.05). Regarding pornunça silage, dry matter, mineral matter, total carbohydrates, propionic acid, and butyric acid presented a linear increasing behavior, while organic matter, crude protein, ethereal extract, and non-fibrous carbohydrates presented a linear decreasing behavior (P < 0.05). Lactic acid and acetic acid concentrations for pornunça silage showed a quadratic behavior according to the increasing old man saltbush inclusion levels (P < 0.05). The highest contribution of old man saltbush in the silages promoted changes in the profile of organic acids, allowing an improvement in silage quality, favoring lactic fermentation rather than acetic fermentation. Butyric acid contents were low for all treatments and indicated the control of undesirable fermentation processes. These results indicate that old man saltbush inclusion in silage composition may contribute to bromatological composition and fermentation process of the studied silages.

scholarly journals Effect of different agronomical measures on yield and quality of autumn saved herbage during winter grazing – 1st communication: Yield and digestibility of organic matter

2011 ◽  
Vol 51 (No. 5) ◽  
pp. 205-213 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. Opitz von Boberfeld ◽  
K. Banzhaf ◽  
F. Hrabe ◽  
J. Skladanka ◽  
S. Kozlowski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Czech Republic ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Harvest Date ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Winter Grazing ◽  
Adequate Quantity ◽  
June July

The objective of this paper was to obtain information about the effect of interactions and different agronomical measures on autumn saved herbage of different sites in Central Europe (Czech Republic, Germany, Hungary, Poland). Within the different sites, the effect of the factors pre-utilisation (accumulation since June, July or August) and winter harvest date (November, December or January) on dry matter (DM) yield and digestibility of organic matter (DOM) was investigated over three consecutive years. All results were examined by analysis of variance and least-significance differences (LSD) were calculated (with P &lt; 0.05). For all years, date of winter harvest was the most important source of variance. The highest yields were attained in November (varied from 2.3 to 0.8 t/ha), the lowest in January (from 1.5 to &lt; 0.2 t/ha). The highest DOM concentration (from 70.4 to 52.4% of dry matter) was reached in November, and it decreased until January (from 59.6 to 35.2% of dry matter). Predominantly caused by the prevailing climatic conditions, the DM yields of the sites varied considerably during winter, showing a significance for the interaction winter harvest date &times; site as well as for the factor site. The utilisation of autumn saved herbage, pre-utilised in July, might be the best opportunity providing an adequate quantity and DOM for suckler cows until the end of the year, but the prevailing climatic conditions at different sites inCentral Europe finally decide on the practicability of winter grazing. &nbsp;

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