scholarly journals Use of Castor Bean Meal, Biodiesel Industry Coproduct, in A Lamb Production System Using Creep-Feeding in Brazil

Animals ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 1250
Author(s):  
Marco A. S. Novaes ◽  
Cristina M. Veloso ◽  
Otávio H. G. B. D. Siqueira ◽  
Matheus F. L. Ferreira ◽  
João V. R. Lovatti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Soybean Meal ◽  
Castor Bean ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Nutrient Digestibility ◽  
Creep Feeding ◽  
Carcass Yield ◽  
Feeding Method ◽  
Bean Meal

This study aimed to evaluate the replacement of soybean meal by detoxified castor bean meal on the intake and digestibility of nutrients, body weight gain, carcass yield, physiological and urinary parameters, and creep-feeding method effectiveness. For this trial, 43 male lambs were used, Dorper × Santa Inês, with an average initial body weight of 7.95 kg, 15 days old. Lambs were distributed in a randomized block design. Five experimental diets were provided: Without supplementation, with supplementation but without the use of castor bean meal, and with gradual levels of replacement of soybean meal by detoxified castor bean meal (33%, 67%, and 100%). Higher values of DMI and nutrient digestibility (p < 0.05) were observed for animals that received supplements. The milk intake did not differ among the diets. The DMD showed a linear effect, while NDFD had a quadratic effect, depending on castor bean meal inclusion. The carcass yield did not differ between experimental diets. There was no significant effect on the urinary volume and metabolites investigated. In conclusion, the replacement of soybean meal by detoxified castor bean meal does not compromise animals’ development. Besides, the creep-feeding method positively affects lamb development, with higher body weight gain for supplemented animals.

scholarly journals Replacement of soybean meal with treated castor bean meal in supplements for grazing lambs

2017 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 465-478
Author(s):  
Tiago Brandão FREITAS ◽  
Tara FELIX ◽  
Márcio dos Santos PEDREIRA ◽  
Robério Rodrigues SILVA ◽  
Fabiano Ferreira da SILVA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Soybean Meal ◽  
Castor Bean ◽  
Carcass Characteristics ◽  
Nutrient Digestibility ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Quadratic Effect ◽  
Linear Effect ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Bean Meal

SUMMARY The objectives of this trial were to evaluate intake and nutrient digestibility, weight gain, and carcass characteristics of grazing lambs supplemented with increasing dietary inclusion of castor bean meal (CBM). Thirty-six Santa Inês-crossed, non-castrated, 120 ± 15 d old lambs (initial BW = 21.8 ± 3.4 kg) were randomly allotted to 1 of 4 dietary treatments. The treatments consisted of 4 levels of soybean meal substitution with lime treated CBM (0, 33, 67, and 100%) on the DM basis. The experimental design was a completely randomized design with 4 treatments and 9 replicates (lambs) for each treatment. Supplementation level was 1.6% BW per animal/d. There was a linear decrease (P<0.01) for total DM intake and a quadratic effect (negative; P = 0.05) for pasture intake as CBM was increased in the supplement. There was a negative quadratic effect of CBM inclusion on NDFap intake, both in g/d (P = 0.01) and as in BW % (P = 0.05). There was a linear effect (negative; P<0.01) on DM and NDFap digestibility coefficients. There were no effects (P≥0.48) of treatments on HCW, dressing percentage, carcass conformation, back fat or carcass length. Despite some negative effects on intake and nutrient digestibility, increasing CBM inclusion in the supplement, up to the substitution of all the soybean meal in the supplement, did not affect weight gain of grazing lambs or carcass characteristics.

scholarly journals The Effect of Feeding Native Faba Bean Seeds (Vicia faba L.) to Sows and Supplemented With Enzymes to Piglets and Growing Pigs

2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 1007-1027 ◽  
Author(s):  
Małgorzata Świątkiewicz ◽  
Jerzy Księżak ◽  
Ewa Hanczakowska
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Soybean Meal ◽  
Faba Bean ◽  
Unsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Nutrient Digestibility ◽  
Growing Pigs ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Feed Mixture ◽  
Almost All

AbstractThe aim of this experiment was to examine the possibility of replacing part of soybean meal in the diets of sows, their piglets and fatteners with two varieties of high- or low-tannin faba bean seed. Twenty-four sows were allocated to 3 groups, 8 animals in each. Control group (C) received standard feed mixture containing soybean meal as the main protein source. Next groups received standard feed mixture in which part of soybean meal was replaced by high-tannin variety Bobas (group HT) or low-tannin variety Kasztelan (group LT). Faba bean was added to diets at the level of 12 and 14% for pregnant and lactating sows, 6% for piglets, and 12 and 16% for fatteners (grower and finisher, respectively). Diets for half piglets and fatteners were supplemented with the enzyme Ronozyme VP. Apparent digestibility of nutrients was evaluated in a parallel experiment, using the same feeds on 18 barrows weighing about 40 kg (grower) and 80 kg (finisher). There was almost no difference in sow reproductive rates, litter weight and body weight of piglets on the first day of life were similar. Until 35 days of age piglets receiving faba bean grew faster than control ones. Control piglets grew fastest from 35 to 84 days of age, but differences were not significant. Enzyme supplement had a positive effect on body weight only from 56 to 84 days of piglet life. Digestibility of nutrients was lower in pigs fed with faba beans, especially in the grower period. Faba bean HT had lower nutrient digestibility in both periods of fattening. Almost all carcass traits were better in control pigs than in those fed with bean variety Bobas. Meat of these pigs had also the lowest content of unsaturated fatty acids and highest atherogenic indices. In sensory evaluation this meat had also the worst smell and taste. It can be stated that faba bean seeds, in moderate amounts, can partially replace soybean meal in feed for pigs, but some lowering of body weight gain and meat quality is possible especially when high-tannin varieties are used.

scholarly journals PSX-31 Effects of substitution of corn and soybean meal with dried distiller’s grains and solubles (DDGS) in legume based diets on lamb feed intake, body weight gain and blood metabolites

2019 ◽  
Vol 97 (Supplement_3) ◽  
pp. 455-456
Author(s):  
Kianna E Lyte ◽  
Brou Kouakou ◽  
Jung Lee
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Soybean Meal ◽  
Feed Intake ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
The United States ◽  
Soluble Carbohydrates ◽  
Blood Metabolites ◽  
Voluntary Feed Intake

Abstract In the United States, bioethanol is generated from corn and biodiesel from soybean oil to reduce the dependence on fossil fuels. Ethanol production generates DDGS, high in bypass protein and soluble carbohydrates, which can be used as a cheaper alternative replacement for corn and soybean. This experiment was conducted to evaluate voluntary feed intake, body weight gain and blood metabolites of lambs fed legume-based diets supplemented with corn and soybean meal or dried distillers grain with solubles (DDGS). Animals were individually housed in pens (1.52 mx 1.52 m) under a modified carport shed with woodchips as bedding. They were stratified into four groups (n = 9) with similar weights and standard deviation and randomly assigned to four treatments. The lambs were fed ground sericea hay (SL) or alfalfa meal (ALF) with either corn and soybean meal (control) or DDGS for 60 days. Treatments were SLC, SLDDGS, ALFC and AFLDDGS. The lambs were fed ad libitum based on their selected treatment and given water daily. At the end of the 60 days, weights and blood samples were collected. Plasma samples were analyzed for blood urea nitrogen (BUN), glucose and non-esterified fatty acids (NEFA). Data were analyzed using Proc Mix Procedure of SAS. Results indicated that replacing corn with DDGS did not (P &gt; 0.05) affect voluntary feed intake, final live weight and carcass weight. Blood NEFA and glucose were not affected by dietary treatments. BUN increased in lambs fed alfalfa with corn and soybean meal compared to animals fed either legume supplemented with DDGS. Similarly animals fed sericea have lower (P &lt; 0.05) BUN (19 vs 23 mg/dL) when corn and soybean meal were replaced with DDGS. DDGS can be used in legume diets for growing lambs in replacement for corn and soybean meal.

Influence of a cocktail of protease and xylanase in different energy densities of corn- and soybean-meal-based diet on growth performance, nutrient digestibility, carcass quality, and gas emission in broilers

2018 ◽  
Vol 98 (2) ◽  
pp. 271-278 ◽  
Author(s):  
D.H. Nguyen ◽  
H.N. Tran ◽  
H.M. Yun ◽  
I.H. Kim
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Soybean Meal ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Nutrient Digestibility ◽  
The Body ◽  
Metabolizable Energy ◽  
Gas Emission ◽  
N Retention ◽  
Nutrient Density ◽  
High Nutrient

A total of 480 one-day-old male Ross 308 broilers with an average initial body weight (BW) of 42 ± 1 g was randomly divided into four treatments (8 replicates/treatment, 15 birds/replicate) by their BW to evaluate the influence of a cocktail of protease and xylanase in different energy density of corn- and soybean-meal-based diet on broilers. This experiment lasted for 35 d and there were two phases; starter (1–18 d) and finisher (19–35 d). The experiment was a 2 × 2 factorial arrangement with two levels of metabolizable energy and the cocktail enzyme with 200 mg of protease kg−1 diet and 100 FXU xylanase kg−1 diet. Both high-nutrient density and cocktail enzyme supplementation increased (P < 0.05) the body weight gain (BWG) during day 1–18 and day 1–35 as well as dry matter retention on day 35. Broilers fed the high-nutrient-density diets had higher (P < 0.05) energy retention on day 35 and relative breast muscle weight. Broilers fed the cocktail enzyme diets significantly increased nitrogen (N) retention and decreased the levels of ammonia (NH3) and hydrogen sulphide (H2S) emission. In conclusion, dietary supplementation of the cocktail enzyme component improved BWG, N retention, and reduced excreta noxious gas emission in broilers.

The impact of laboratory chow for rats in the experiments: Chemical and biological evaluation of nine grain-based diet options

2017 ◽  
Vol 37 (3) ◽  
pp. 275-284 ◽  
Author(s):  
RS Ferreira ◽  
L de Souza Morelini ◽  
EMC de Azeredo ◽  
ECS Vieira ◽  
EB Ferreira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Soybean Meal ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Biological Evaluation ◽  
Efficiency Ratio ◽  
Protein Utilization ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Net Protein

Cereal-based diets formulated as semi-purified diets can provide flexibility for researchers, enabling open controlled formulas, besides being cheaper than purified diets. Seeking to widen the researchers’ options in their experimental design developments, we aimed at assaying the chemical score, growth performance and protein utilization of nine semi-purified experimental chows. These diets were formulated at 17.8%, 12% and 8% protein contents, using three variations of ingredients for each one, as follows: casein (C), casein+soybean meal (C+S, 1:1 w/w protein) and casein+soybean meal+corn gluten meal (C+S+G, 1:1:1 w/w protein), without cysteine supplementation and setting casein 17.8% (AIN-93G) as reference diet. The diets C and C+S (17.8%) had the Cys as the limiting amino acid once the addition of gluten turns the Lys as second limiting. All diets had the potential for promoting growth with body mass gain, feed conversion ratio (FCR; chow consumed per body weight gain, average 3.12) and feed efficiency ratio (FER; body weight gain per chow consumed, average 0.3), except for C+S+G 8% (FCR = 6 g; FER = 0.13). These variations were mainly due to the protein amounts independently from the protein ingredient used and could characterize the C+S+G 8% as unable to support growth. For the other parameters (digestibility, net protein ratio, net protein utilization and protein efficiency ratio), there were no relevant differences between the diets. We can conclude that 17.8%, 12% and 8% chows (C and C+S) allowed a proper combination of ingredients from the point of view of palatability, nutrient availability/utilization, metabolic processes, growth performance and feed utilization parameters.

A COMPARISON OF RAPESEED MEAL AND SOYBEAN MEAL AS A SOURCE OF PROTEIN AND PROTECTED LIPID AS A SOURCE OF SUPPLEMENTAL ENERGY FOR CALF STARTER DIETS

1980 ◽  
Vol 60 (2) ◽  
pp. 359-366 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. J. FISHER
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Soybean Meal ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Rapeseed Meal ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Dry Matter Digestibility ◽  
Kidney Fat ◽  
Formed Part

Thirty male Holstein calves were utilized in a 2 × 3 factorial experiment designed to compare rapeseed meal (cv. Candle) and soybean meal as protein supplements and 0, 10, and 20% levels of protected lipid as a form of supplemental energy for starter rations. The six rations were fed free choice from 21 to 70 days of the experiment with whole milk fed at 10% of body weight from 0 to 42 days. Starter intake was similar for the two protein sources but significantly less for the ration containing 10% protected lipid compared to either the 0 or 20% levels. Body weight gain was faster for calves fed the starter containing 20% protected lipid compared to those fed the 10% level. Efficiency of feed conversion was greater for calves receiving protected lipid. There were no differences between protein source in dry matter intake, body weight gain, efficiency of feed conversion, apparent dry matter digestibility or dressing percent. Plasma glucose and percent hematocrit were significantly lower and percent kidney fat significantly higher for calves fed starter rations containing soybean meal. The relative availability of copper was reduced significantly when soybean meal or 20% protected lipid formed part of the starter diet. It was concluded from this study that Candle rapeseed meal was a suitable source of supplemental protein for calf starter diets and that the inclusion of protected lipid improved feed conversion of calves from 43 to 70 days of age.

scholarly journals Dietary substitution of soya bean meal with processed African yam bean meal as protein source in the diets of finisher broilers

2020 ◽  
Vol 46 (2) ◽  
pp. 118-127
Author(s):  
D. N. Onunkwo ◽  
B. C. Anyaegbu ◽  
J. C. Ezike ◽  
G. Daniel-Igwe
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Soya Bean ◽  
Conversion Ratio ◽  
Feed Conversion Ratio ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
African Yam Bean ◽  
Bean Meal ◽  
Soya Bean Meal

Considering the inherent attributes of processed African Yam bean meal (Sphenostylis stenocarpa), it's appropriate utilization for chicken diets may enhance performance of finisher broilers. The study was therefore carried out to determine the dietary substitution of soybean meal with processed African yam bean meal as protein source in the diets of finisher broilers. The Processed African yam bean meal was used to substitute soya bean meal at various levels to determine the best substitution that would give optimal performance in finisher broilers. The seeds of the African yam beans were soaked in water for 24 hours The soaked seeds were thereafter air dried for three days. The seeds were toasted for 35 minutes in a frying pan and milled using hammer mill. In the finisher feeding trial, the  substitutions were 20%, 40%, 60% and 80% processed African yam bean meal respectively. Each finisher diet was fed to a group of 30 broilers for 4 weeks using completely randomized design. Each treatment group was divided into 3 replicates of 10 broilers chicks each. The finisher broilerswere kept in pens in deep litter and given feed and water ad libitum. The parameters measured included initial body weight, final body weight, feed intake, body weight gain, feed conversion ratio, cost of production and carcass characteristics. The proximate composition of processed African yam bean meal showed that it contained 8.29% moisture, 91.71% Drymatter, 3.40% ash, 21.12% crude protein, 5% ether extract, 5.73% crude fiber and 56.4% nitrogen free extract. In the finisher feeding trial, the broiler group on 40% processed AYBM significantly (P<0.05) recorded higher body weight gain than the rest of the treatments possibly because of the proper substitution of soya bean meal with processed AYBM in their diets and it appeared that the finisher broilers could tolerate high levels of processed AYBM in their diets. The group on diet 2 (20% AYBM) and control diet recorded similar body weight gain (P>0.05) which were significantly (P<0.05) superior to the groups on diets 4 (60% AYBM) and 5(80% AYBM). The internal organs expressed as percent of the live weight were not affected by the treatments. Cost of production (cost/kg feed x feed conversion ratio) was lowest for diet 2 (N450.64) as against N480 for the control diet. The finisher broiler on diet 3 (40% AYBM) recorded the highest dressing out percentage of 78.78. The results of the trial have shown that processed African yam bean meal can be used to substitute soya bean mealin the diet up to 40% for optimum performance of the finisher broilers without affecting the body weight gain, feed intake, feed conversion ratio and carcass  characteristics as indicated in this study.  

scholarly journals Suplementasi Urea Molasis Blok untuk Meningkatkan Penampilan Kambing Peranakan Etawah yang Diberi Pakan Hijauan Gamal

2012 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 49-54
Author(s):  
Ni Wayan Siti ◽  
I. G. M. A. Sucipta ◽  
I. M. Mudita ◽  
I. B. G. Partama ◽  
I.G.L.O. Cakra
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Latin Square ◽  
Nutrient Digestibility ◽  
Conversion Ratio ◽  
Feed Conversion Ratio ◽  
The Body ◽  
Feed Consumption ◽  
Feed Conversion

The supplementation of urea molasses block for increasing performance of ettawah crossbred goats fed diet containing gliricidia spium green forage ABSTRACT. The aimed of this experiment to study the supplementation of urea molasses block for performance increased of ettawah crossbred goats fed diet containing Gliricidia spium green forage has been conducted at Tabanan regency and Animal Nutrition Laboratory. The Latin Square Design which four treatments and four replicates was used in this experiment. The four treatments were the levels of urea molasses block : 0, 50, 100 and 150g respectively. The animal access to ad libitum Gliricidia spium green forage and drink water. The animal fed twice a day urea molasses block at the morning and at the afternoon. The variables which were observed including feed consumption, nutrient digestibility, body weight gain and feed conversion ratio. The result of this experiment showed dry matter feed consumption, drink water, nutrient digestibility of the four treatments is not significantly different (P 0.05). The body weight gain at treatment C was significantly higher (P 0.05), but feed conversion ratio (FCR) was significantly lower (P 0.05) than treatments A, B and D. From the results in this experiment it can be concluded that the used of urea molasses block 100g on the effect to increased the performance of ettawah crossbred goats with basal diet Gliricidia spium green forage.

Evaluation of Exogenous Laccase Enzyme Treated Finger Millet Straw on Body Weight Gain, DM Intake and Nutrient Digestibility in Heifers

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vidya Pradeep Kumar ◽  
Ramya G. Rao ◽  
A. Dhali ◽  
Vandana Thammiaha ◽  
Manpal Sridhar
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Finger Millet ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Test Group ◽  
Nutrient Digestibility ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Widespread Application ◽  
Body Weights ◽  
Effect Of Feeding

Background: Fungal laccases have widespread application in a number of biotechnological processes including the biodegradation of lignin. Their low yield in the native state limits their practical use in the deconstruction of lignocellulosic biomass for feeding ruminants. Enzymes in bulk quantities are required to treat biomass which has got greater product consistency and less lot to lot variations. The present study was an attempt to evaluate the effect of feeding finger millet straw treated with exogenous laccases in heifers.Methods: The effect of feeding exogenous laccases obtained from immobilized Schizophyllum commune (MTCC 11893) on body weight gain, dry matter intake and nutrient digestibility in heifers was evaluated in three groups of heifers (4-each) with body weights ranging between 275 ± 47.12 to 276.75 ± 64.48kg. The control group received ad lib. finger millet straw treated with only production media (GI). Test group 1 (GII) received ad lib. straw treated with laccase rich media in a 3:5 (w/v) ratio, while test group 2 (GIII) received ad lib. straw treated in a 4:5 (w/v) ratio. Result: After 14- days of feeding, gain in body weights for GI, GII and GIII were 277.9 ± 68.47; 277.50 ± 46.43 and 278.85 ± 37.22 respectively with an overall increase of 1.15, 4.25 and 3.60 kgs. No significant variation (P greater than 0.05) was observed with regard to DMD (%) between the groups which was 46 ± 5.8 for the control animals and 41±13.0 and 41± 3.4 in G2 and G3 groups. Though significant variations were observed digestibility studies proved inconclusive. Though preliminary results indicate that applying lignin degrading enzymes as feed supplements could enhance digestibility of crop residues in ruminants.

Effect of microbial proteases on the performance and carcass traits in commercial broilers fed maize-soy bean meal -meat cum bone meal based diets

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Srilatha ◽  
V. Ravinder Reddy ◽  
V. Chinni Preetam ◽  
S. V. Rama Rao ◽  
Y. Ramana Reddy
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Soybean Meal ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Carcass Traits ◽  
Relative Weight ◽  
The Body ◽  
Alkaline Proteases ◽  
Bone Meal ◽  
Low Protein

An experiment was conducted to evaluate the effective combinations of proteases (acid, neutral and alkaline) and their concentrations on performance and carcass traits in commercial broilers fed on diets containing sub-optimal protein levels. A total of 320 broilers were used in completely randomized design with eight treatments with eight replicates in each treatment and 5chicks in each replicate. Maize-soybean meal (CD) and maize-soybean-meat cum bone meal (BD) based diets were formulated to contain 23, 21 and 19.5% crude protein (CP) and 19.5,18 and 17.5% CP, respectively during pre-starter (1-11 d), starter (12-28d) and finisher (29-42d) phases. All the diets were fed adlibitum from 1d to 42 d of age. The low protein BD were supplemented with two different combinations of proteases (1:1:1 and 2:1:1 acidic, neutral and alkaline proteases, respectively) with total activity of 2000, 4000 and 6000u/kg.The results revealed that the broilers fed CD had significantly higher body weight gain compared to those fed BD. Supplementation of proteases to the BD significantly (P LESS THAN 0.05) improved the body weight gain and feed efficiency during 21 d of age, but not during the latter phase ( 42 d of age) of growth. The broilers fed on CD had significantly (P less than 0.05) higher ready to cook and breast yields compared to those fed the BD or BD with protease supplementation. The relative weight of abdominal fat was significantly (P less than 0.05) reduced in broilers fed BD with 1:1:1 (acidic, neutral and alkaline proteases) at 4000 u protease / kg diet as compared to BD. It is suggested that addition of proteases to low protein diets had a significant positive effect in young chicken fed on maize-soybean meal and -meat and bone meal based diets.

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