scholarly journals Zinc Supplementation Forms Influenced Zinc Absorption and Accumulation in Piglets

Animals ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 36
Author(s):  
Fen-Fen Liu ◽  
Md. Abul Kalam Azad ◽  
Zhi-He Li ◽  
Jing Li ◽  
Kai-Bin Mo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Alkaline Phosphatase ◽  
Drinking Water ◽  
Zinc Supplementation ◽  
Basal Diet ◽  
Zinc Absorption ◽  
Apparent Digestibility ◽  
Zn Concentration ◽  
Group B ◽  
Total Superoxide Dismutase

The study aimed at determining the effect of different zinc (Zn) supplementation forms on Zn accumulation, activities of Zn-containing enzymes, gene expression of metallothionein (MT), and Zn transporters in piglets. Eighteen piglets were randomly divided into three groups: (a) a basal diet supplemented with 150 mg/kg Zn from Zn methionine (Zn-Met) in the feed (Zn-Met group), (b) a basal diet supplemented with 150 mg/kg Zn from Zn sulfate (ZnSO4) in the feed (ZnSO4, feed group), and (c) a basal diet supplemented with the same dose of Zn as in ZnSO4,feed group but in water (ZnSO4, water group). The results showed that Zn-Met added in feed and ZnSO4 dissolved in drinking water significantly improved (p < 0.05) the Zn concentration in liver and jejunum and the apparent digestibility of Zn in comparison with the ZnSO4 added in feed. In addition, dietary Zn supplementation as Zn-Met significantly increased (p < 0.05) the activity of alkaline phosphatase (AKP) in the jejunum of piglets in comparison with the ZnSO4, feed group. Furthermore, the Zn-Met and ZnSO4, water groups showed an improved total superoxide dismutase activity (T-SOD) in the ileum as compared to the ZnSO4, feed group. Meanwhile, the qPCR and western blot results showed that Zn-Met and ZnSO4 dissolved in drinking water increased the expression of MT in the jejunum in comparison with the ZnSO4 added in the piglets’ feed. However, different Zn supplementation forms had no effect on the mRNA expressions of Zip4 and ZnT1 transporters. In conclusion, Zn-Met added in feed and ZnSO4 dissolved in drinking water had higher bioavailability in piglets.

scholarly journals Water supplementation of Moringa oleifera as a substitute for antibiotics on performance and blood parameters of broiler chickens

2018 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 266-270
Author(s):  
Torun Kumar Paul ◽  
Yousuf Ali Sarker ◽  
Moniruzzaman Tarafder ◽  
Md Asaduzzaman Rimon ◽  
Md Anowarul Haque ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Moringa Oleifera ◽  
Basal Diet ◽  
Growth Promoter ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Hematological Indices ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B

There is a serious public health concern of the use of antibiotics sub-therapeutically and/or as growth promoter in poultry feed and water. Therefore, there is an urgent need for alternatives. Moringa oleifera is a phytobiotic, which has been reported to possess antimicrobial and immuno-modulatory properties. This study aimed to investigate the effects of aqueous M. oleifera leaf extract (MOLE) supplementation on growth performance and hematological indices of broiler chickens. The 36 day-old broiler chicks (Cobb 500) were randomly divided into three dietary groups (group A, B and C) having 12 birds in each. The group A was considered as negative control which had received the basal diet and fresh drinking water. The group B was fed with basal diet and antibiotics (Ciprofloxacin) plus Vitamin B-complex mixed drinking water(Positive control). The group C was fed with basal diet and drinking water supplemented with 1% MOLE. Body weight, feed intake and feed conversion ratios of the birds were recorded on weekly basis. On day 35th of the feeding trail, blood samples from five birds per replicate were used for the study of hematological indices. Birds under Group C attained intermediate body weight (1892 g) and best FCR (1.48) those were comparable with that of Group B but better (p<0.05) than those of Group A. There was a trend of decrease (p>0.05) internal organs weight in Group C compared to other groups. However, zero mortality rate and similar hematological indices were observed in the birds across the treatments. Here, the results suggested that, the aqueous MOLE can be included in the drinking water of broiler chicken for reduced feed intake and improved feed conversion efficiency and it can be considered as an alternate to synthetic antibiotics as growth promoter to fight the emergence of antibiotic resistance phenomena in poultry industry.J. Bangladesh Agril. Univ. 16(2): 266-270, August 2018

Effect of zinc supplementation as an alternative management intervention on coccideal load of Beetal bucks under stall-fed conditions

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Singla ◽  
A.L. Saini ◽  
S. Kaswan ◽  
Dhanwinder Singh ◽  
R.S. Grewal
Keyword(s):  
Zinc Supplementation ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Basal Diet ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Improve Performance ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Management Intervention ◽  
Live Body Weight ◽  
Zn Concentration ◽  
T1 And T2

In total, 15 Beetal bucks having an average age of 893.53 52.91 days weighing 50.21 1.75 kg were randomly distributed into three groups to assess the effect of zinc supplementation on faecal oocyst load under stall-fed conditions. Bucks under treatment groups were supplemented with either organic (T1) or inorganic (T2) Zn formulated ration to get Zn concentration of 50 mg per kg DM against negative control (T0) on basal diet with no additional Zn supplementation for a period of 120 days. Zn supplementation improved plasma Zn and maintained higher live body weight (kg) in T1 and T2 against the control. Bucks in T1 and T2 shed significantly (p 0.05) less oocysts in 1 g of faeces (22.8 and 24.1%, respectively) compared to the control (53.1%) without any clinical symptoms. It was therefore, concluded that supplementation of Zn can improve performance of Beetal bucks under stall-fed by reducing the subclinical coccidiosis.

Zinc storage in the tissues and organs of pigs fed graded levels of zinc in the tropics

1972 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-28
Author(s):  
G. M. Babatunde ◽  
B. L. Fetuga
Keyword(s):  
Zinc Concentration ◽  
Zinc Supplementation ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Basal Diet ◽  
Large White ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Zn Concentration ◽  
The Tropics ◽  
Zinc Storage ◽  
Weaner Pigs

SUMMARYThirty-six weaner pigs of average initial live weight of 16 kg, and of Large White and Landrace breeds, were allocated to six treatments differing in the level of zinc supplementation (from 0 to 500 p.p.m.) of a basal diet containing approximately 24% crude protein on a dry-matter basis. At the final live weight of about 50 kg, four pigs from each treatment were slaughtered and the hair, skin, lung, heart, kidney, pancreas, liver and spleen were sampled and frozen until they were analyzed for their zinc contents. Appetite and weight gain tended to be reduced at high levels of zinc supplementation (200 to 500 p.p.m.) though not significantly so. The average total zinc consumed per pig increased with increasing levels of zinc supplementation, but organ weights were not consistently affected by the levels of zinc in the diets. Only for the hair, skin, spleen and the kidneys was any significant variation in zinc concentration found among the treatment groups, but there were no consistent trends related to the level of dietary intake of Zn. Hair had the highest zinc concentration per kg of tissue, followed by the liver, pancreas, spleen, kidneys, heart, the lungs and the skin, in that order. The organs showed very little or no increase in the Zn concentration, in the Zn-supplemented groups compared with the unsupplemented, except that the liver showed slight increases up to a level of supplementation of 300 p.p.m. followed, however, by a decline in concentration at higher dietary levels of Zn.

scholarly journals Opposite correlation of 25-hydroxy-vitamin D- and 1,25-dihydroxy-vitamin D-metabolites with gestational age, bone- and lipid-biomarkers in pregnant women

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Oleg Tsuprykov ◽  
Saban Elitok ◽  
Claudia Buse ◽  
Chang Chu ◽  
Bernhard Karl Krämer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Alkaline Phosphatase ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Clinical Chemistry ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Target Cells ◽  
Vitamin D Metabolites ◽  
Specific Alkaline Phosphatase ◽  
Bone Specific Alkaline Phosphatase ◽  
Group B

Abstract25-Hydroxyvitamin D (25OHD) and 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D (1,25(OH)2D) need to be bound to carrier proteins to be transported to their target cells. The majority of either 25OHD or 1,25(OH)2D is bound to vitamin D-binding protein (DBP), a smaller fraction is bound to albumin and only very small amounts of 25OHD or 1,25(OH)2D are free. Albumin-bound 25OHD or 1,25(OH)2D is relatively easily available after dissociation from albumin. Thus, the sum of free and albumin-bound forms is called bioavailable 25OHD and bioavailable 1,25(OH)2D. Total 25OHD and 1,25(OH)2D are defined as the sum of free, albumin-bound and DBP-bound 25OHD and 1,25(OH)2D, respectively. This cross-sectional study in 427 pregnant women compared the correlation of the six vitamin D compounds with biomarkers of bone health, lipid metabolism, kidney function, endocrine parameters, and group B water-soluble vitamins. Among the 25OHD metabolites analysed, total 1,25(OH)2D showed clearly the best correlation with calcium, bone-specific alkaline phosphatase, adiponectin, LDL, HDL, urea, thyroxine, and group B water-soluble vitamins. When comparing the three 25OHD metabolites, both free 25OHD and bioavailable 25OHD showed overall good correlations with calcium, bone-specific alkaline phosphatase, adiponectin, LDL, HDL, urea, thyroxine, triiodothyronine, and group B water-soluble vitamins, The correlations of 1,25(OH)2D and 25OHD metabolites went always in opposite directions. Only PTH correlates always inversely with all six vitamin D compounds. In conclusion, free 25(OH)D and bioavailable 25(OH)D are more precise determinants of the vitamin D status than total 25(OH)D in normal pregnancy, whereas total 1,25(OH)2D is superior to free and bioavailable 1,25(OH)2D. Except for PTH, correlations of 25(OH)D and 1,25(OH)2D metabolites with typical clinical chemistry readouts go in opposite directions.

scholarly journals Connectivity Map-based discovery of parbendazole reveals targetable human osteogenic pathway

2015 ◽  
Vol 112 (41) ◽  
pp. 12711-12716 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea M. Brum ◽  
Jeroen van de Peppel ◽  
Cindy S. van der Leije ◽  
Marijke Schreuders-Koedam ◽  
Marco Eijken ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Alkaline Phosphatase ◽  
Osteoblast Differentiation ◽  
Target Genes ◽  
Focal Adhesions ◽  
Bone Fragility ◽  
Bone Morphogenetic Protein 2 ◽  
Marker Genes ◽  
Connectivity Map ◽  
Morphogenetic Protein

Osteoporosis is a common skeletal disorder characterized by low bone mass leading to increased bone fragility and fracture susceptibility. In this study, we have identified pathways that stimulate differentiation of bone forming osteoblasts from human mesenchymal stromal cells (hMSCs). Gene expression profiling was performed in hMSCs differentiated toward osteoblasts (at 6 h). Significantly regulated genes were analyzed in silico, and the Connectivity Map (CMap) was used to identify candidate bone stimulatory compounds. The signature of parbendazole matches the expression changes observed for osteogenic hMSCs. Parbendazole stimulates osteoblast differentiation as indicated by increased alkaline phosphatase activity, mineralization, and up-regulation of bone marker genes (alkaline phosphatase/ALPL, osteopontin/SPP1, and bone sialoprotein II/IBSP) in a subset of the hMSC population resistant to the apoptotic effects of parbendazole. These osteogenic effects are independent of glucocorticoids because parbendazole does not up-regulate glucocorticoid receptor (GR) target genes and is not inhibited by the GR antagonist mifepristone. Parbendazole causes profound cytoskeletal changes including degradation of microtubules and increased focal adhesions. Stabilization of microtubules by pretreatment with Taxol inhibits osteoblast differentiation. Parbendazole up-regulates bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP-2) gene expression and activity. Cotreatment with the BMP-2 antagonist DMH1 limits, but does not block, parbendazole-induced mineralization. Using the CMap we have identified a previously unidentified lineage-specific, bone anabolic compound, parbendazole, which induces osteogenic differentiation through a combination of cytoskeletal changes and increased BMP-2 activity.

Effects of Zinc Supplementation and Deficiency on Bone Metabolism and Related Gene Expression in Rat

2010 ◽  
Vol 143 (1) ◽  
pp. 394-402 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jian-Yi Sun ◽  
Jian-Feng Wang ◽  
Nai-Tao Zi ◽  
Ming-Yan Jing ◽  
Xiao-Yan Weng
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Bone Metabolism ◽  
Zinc Supplementation ◽  
Related Gene

Effect of supplementary Aspergillus niger phytase in diets for piglets on their performance and apparent digestibility of phosphorus

1992 ◽  
Vol 55 (3) ◽  
pp. 425-430 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Beers ◽  
A. W. Jongbloed
Keyword(s):  
Aspergillus Niger ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Basal Diet ◽  
Apparent Digestibility ◽  
Feeding Trial ◽  
Daily Food ◽  
Microbial Phytase ◽  
Daily Gain ◽  
Aspergillus Niger Phytase

AbstractA total of 384 piglets from a three-way cross Yorkshire ♂ × (Finnish Landrace ♂ × Dutch Landrace♀) ♀ in the live-weight range of 11 to 25 kg were used in a feeding trial. The effect of supplementary microbial phytase from Aspergillus niger var. Van Tieghem on performance (average daily gain (ADG), average daily food intake (ADFI) and food conversion ratio (FCR)) and apparent digestibility of total phosphorus (P), in comparison with a non-supplemented basal diet or a diet supplemented with one or two levels of monocalcium phosphate (MCP), were studied.The piglets were allotted to 12 blocks. Within each block, four experimental diets were offered ad libitum for a period of 4 weeks i.e. (1) basal diet; (2) basal diet + 1·0 g P, from MCP per kg diet; (3) basal diet + 1·9 g P, from MCP per kg diet; and (4) basal diet + 1450 phytase units (PTU) per kg diet. The diets, with added chromium III oxide as a marker, were cold pelleted without steam at a temperature not above 60°C to avoid a possible inactivation of the phytase. In all diets the ratio calcium: digestible P was intended to be constant.Adding 1450 PTU of Aspergillus niger phytase enhanced the apparent digestibility of P by proportionately 0·216 when compared with diet 1 and by proportionately 0·100 compared with diet 3. In addition, significantly higher ADG and ADFI and better FCR were noted in pigs receiving supplementary microbial phytase than in pigs on any other treatment. The content of digestible P of the diet with added phytase, however, zvas between the two levels of the diets with added MCP.

Supplementary feeding of Merino wethers grazing weed-free stubble pastures

1981 ◽  
Vol 21 (110) ◽  
pp. 272 ◽  
Author(s):  
LG Butler
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Field Trial ◽  
Compensatory Growth ◽  
Supplementary Feeding ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Apparent Digestibility ◽  
Wool Production ◽  
Wool Growth ◽  
Wheat Stubble

A field trial was conducted in the Wimmera region of Victoria to investigate the effect of several supplements on 4-year-old Merino wethers grazing a weed-free wheat stubble for 3 months, The four treatments were: a control (no supplement), urea/molasses block, 100 g/head day-1 of lupin grain, and 2 g urea plus 0.5 g Na2SO4 l-1 in the drinking water. Twenty sheep per treatment were used, and liveweight change and wool growth were measured. Although all groups lost weight, the lupin group lost only 0.5 kg per head over the 3 months of the trial, and was 3.8 kg heavier (P <0.01) than the control group, while the urea/molasses group was 2.2 kg heavier (P <0.01) than the control group. There was no effect of the urea plus sulfur supplement in the drinking water on liveweight or wool production. The urea/molasses block did not affect wool production but lupin grain stimulated wool production by 0.08 kg (P <0.05). The sheep were weighed and shorn four and a half months after the trial (August), during which time all groups grazed together on green feed. The experimental liveweight differences had disappeared, apparently due to compensatory growth. In addition, a digestibility trial was conducted in an attempt to explain some of the field results. The treatments were designed to simulate those used in the field. Lupin grain stimulated intake by 129 g day-1 (P <0.05) but had no effect on apparent digestibility of straw. The treatment simulating the urea/ molasses block (urea plus sulfur plus sucrose in the drinking water) stimulated intake by 159 g day-l (P <0.05) and tended to increase digestibility (P > 0.05). It was concluded that supplementary feeding of Merino wethers grazing weed-free stubble is unlikely to be an economic farm practice.

scholarly journals Quantification of Gene Expression with a Secreted Alkaline Phosphatase Reporter System

BioTechniques ◽  
1997 ◽  
Vol 23 (6) ◽  
pp. 1110-1114 ◽  
Author(s):  
Te-Tuan Yang ◽  
Parisa Sinai ◽  
Paul A. Kitts ◽  
Steven R. Kain
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Alkaline Phosphatase ◽  
Reporter System

Effects of feeding or abomasal infusion of canola oil in Holstein cows. 2. Gene expression and plasma concentrations of cholecystokinin and leptin

2004 ◽  
Vol 71 (3) ◽  
pp. 288-296 ◽  
Author(s):  
Prasanth K Chelikani ◽  
David R Glimm ◽  
Duane H Keisler ◽  
John J Kennelly
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Feed Intake ◽  
Canola Oil ◽  
Unsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Plasma Concentrations ◽  
Latin Square ◽  
Basal Diet ◽  
Holstein Cows ◽  
Abomasal Infusion ◽  
Supplemental Fat

We determined the relative importance of cholecystokinin (CCK), leptin, and fatty acid concentrations in plasma in mediating the satiety effects of supplemental fat in lactating cows. Five ruminally and duodenally cannulated Holstein cows in late lactation were used in a 3×5 incomplete Latin square design with three treatments: 1) Control: basal diet (CON), 2) Control+supplementation of canola oil at 1 kg/d in the feed (FED) and 3) Control+abomasal infusion of canola oil at 1 kg/d (INF). Relative to CON, feed intake was reduced by INF but not by FED. We provide evidence that both FED and INF treatments stimulated CCK gene expression in the duodenum and elevated plasma CCK concentrations. However, our results did not support a role for CCK in mediating satiety through an endocrine mechanism of action. We speculate that CCK might be acting either through paracrine and/or neurocrine routes to influence feed intake in cattle. Both FED and INF had no effect on the mRNA abundance of leptin, lipoprotein lipase, or acetyl-CoA carboxylase in adipose tissue. Plasma concentrations of leptin, insulin and IGF-I were not altered by FED or INF, indicating that these signals may not be involved in mediating short-term hypophagic effects of dietary fat. Plasma concentrations of 18[ratio ]1n-9 and 18[ratio ]2n-6 were significantly greater for INF than for FED or CON. We conclude that the hypophagic effects of supplemental fat in cattle depend on the amount of unsaturated fatty acids reaching the intestine and that this satiety effect is mediated through CCK, oleic acid and (or) linoleic acid, but leptin is not involved.

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