The Inclusion of Pea in Concentrates Had Minor Effects on the Meat Quality of Light Lambs

The use of pea (Pisum sativum) has been recommended to replace soybean meal in the diet of ruminants, but it may affect meat quality. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of the proportion of pea (0%, 10%, 20% and 30%) in fattening concentrates fed to light lambs for 41 days on carcass colour and on the meat quality. Pea inclusion affected neither the colour of the lamb carcasses nor affected most of the parameters of the meat quality. However, the inclusion of pea affected the cholesterol content, and the 20%pea concentrate yielded meat with greater cholesterol contents than the 30%pea concentrate did (p < 0.05). The inclusion of pea had minor effects on individual FAs but affected the total saturated fatty acids (p < 0.01) and the thrombogenicity index (p < 0.05). A greater total saturated fatty acid content was recorded for the 20%pea concentrate than for the rest of the concentrates, and a greater thrombogenicity index was recorded for the 20% concentrate than for the 10%pea concentrate. The results indicated the viability of the inclusion of pea in the fattening concentrate of light lambs without impairing meat quality, with the 30%pea concentrate being the most suitable to reduce the soya-dependency.

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Meat Quality, Fatty Acid Content and NMR Metabolic Profile of Dorper Sheep Supplemented with Bypass Fats

Foods ◽

10.3390/foods10051133 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (5) ◽

pp. 1133

Author(s):

Atique Ahmed Behan ◽

Muhammad Tayyab Akhtar ◽

Teck Chwen Loh ◽

Sharida Fakurazi ◽

Ubedullah Kaka ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Fatty Acids ◽

Fatty Acid ◽

Meat Quality ◽

Unsaturated Fatty Acids ◽

Saturated Fatty Acids ◽

Fatty Acid Content ◽

Basal Diet ◽

Negative Influence ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Dorper Sheep

The supplementation of rumen bypass fat (RBF) has remained one of the preferred approaches used to decrease undesirable saturated fatty acids (FA) and increase beneficial unsaturated FA in the meat. This study was planned to evaluate the influences of rumen bypass fats on meat quality, fatty acid and metabolic profiles in male Dorper sheep (n = 36) with 24.66 ± 0.76 kg (mean ± standard error) initial body weight. Treatment comprised a basal diet (30:70 rice straw to concentrate) with no added RBF as a control (CON), basal diet with prilled fat (PF), basal diet with prilled fat plus lecithin (PFL) and basal diet with calcium soap of palm fatty acids (CaS). The findings revealed that cooking loss, drip loss and shear force in longissimus dorsi (LD) muscle were not affected by RBF supplementation, while meat pH was significantly higher in the CaS on aging day 1. However, the diet supplemented with prilled fat and lecithin modified the meat’s fatty acid profile significantly by increasing unsaturated fatty acids and decreasing saturated fats. The relative quantification of the major differentiating metabolites found in LD muscle of sheep showed that total cholesterol, esterified cholesterol, choline, glycerophosphocholine and glycerophospholipids were significantly lower in CaS and PFL diets, while glycerol and sphingomyelin were significantly higher in CaS and PFL diets. Most of the metabolites in the liver did not show any significant difference. Based on our results, the supplementation of protected fats did not have a negative influence on meat quality and the meat from Dorper sheep fed prilled fat with lecithin contained more healthy fatty acids compared to other diets.

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Chemical and fatty acid composition of milk from crossbred cows subjected to feed restriction

Pesquisa Agropecuária Brasileira ◽

10.1590/s1678-3921.pab2019.v54.00051 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 54 ◽

Author(s):

Deiyse Alves Silva ◽

Vicente Ribeiro Rocha Júnior ◽

José Reinaldo Mendes Ruas ◽

Pedro Felipe Santana ◽

Luana Alcântara Borges ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Fatty Acids ◽

Fatty Acid ◽

Chemical Composition ◽

Saturated Fatty Acids ◽

Fatty Acid Content ◽

Monounsaturated Fatty Acids ◽

Feed Restriction ◽

Dry Extract ◽

Acid Ratio

Abstract: The objective of this work was to evaluate the chemical composition and fatty acid profile of milk from F1 Holstein/Zebu cows in different lactation periods, when receiving different levels of dietary supply in percentage of body weight. Sixty cows were evaluated, with five levels of dietary supply and three lactation periods. The levels of dietary supply had no effect on the production of milk corrected to 3.5% fat (12.25 kg per day). There was also no effect of dietary supply levels, in the different lactation periods, on contents of fat (3.34%), protein (3.41%), lactose (4.60%), total solids (12.0%), defatted dry extract (8.80%), and urinary nitrogen (14.5 mg dL-1), nor on somatic cell count (89.98 mL-1). As the dietary supply level was reduced, the sum of saturated fatty acids in milk was decreased in up to 9.15% and that of monounsaturated fatty acids was increased in up to 25.28%. Feed restriction does not alter the chemical composition of milk, but improves its quality of fat by reducing saturated fatty acid content, increasing the concentration of monounsaturated and desirable fatty acids in up to 54%, and increasing the hypo- and hypercholesterolemic fatty acid ratio in up to 168.97%.

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PSXIV-17 Meat quality and fatty acid composition of lambs reared under thermal stress in grazing conditions and slaughtered at two body weights

Journal of Animal Science ◽

10.1093/jas/skab235.869 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 99 (Supplement_3) ◽

pp. 493-494

Author(s):

Abner A Rodriguez ◽

Aixa Rivera ◽

Susan K Duckett ◽

Alana Bayne

Keyword(s):

Fatty Acids ◽

Fatty Acid Composition ◽

Fatty Acid ◽

Meat Quality ◽

Acid Composition ◽

Saturated Fatty Acids ◽

Fatty Acid Content ◽

Live Weight ◽

Longissimus Dorsi ◽

Slaughter Weight

Abstract Interest in meat quality and its fatty acid composition stems mainly from the need to find ways to produce healthier meat. In Puerto Rico, no documented information is available on the nutritional profile in the meat of lambs raised under local conditions (crossbred animals raised in heat stress and grazing naturalized pastures, NP). The quality of meat and fatty acid composition was evaluated, of 12 lambs grazed NP > 8h, tropical grass hay and water ad libitum, 150g of concentrate (12% CP), and mineral blocks. Six animals were slaughtered at two live weight of 22 (SW1) or 35 (SW2) kg to determine the meat quality given by pH, color, nutrient content, and the fatty acid composition in the Longissimus dorsi muscle. The data was analyzed using a completely randomized design with two treatments and six repetitions. SW1 and SW2 had similar pH (5.57 vs. 5.73), but lambs at SW1 displayed lower (P < 0.01) a* value than those slaughtered at SW2 (11.18 vs 13.57), but L* (38.91 vs 37.56) and b* (10.72 vs 10.67) values were similar. On both slaughter weight moisture (75.63 vs 74.51), ash (4.10 vs 3.34), crude protein (24.36 vs 25.12), and crude fat (2.30 vs 2.01) percentage of the meat was similar. The total lipid content (0.953 vs 2.25), saturated fatty acids (34.68 vs 42.98), and monounsaturated fatty acid (28.36 vs 37.28) of lambs at SW1 was lower than those at SW2, but n-6 and n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (18.74 vs 8.57and 6.61 vs 2.88, respectively) were higher (P < 0.05). The n-6/n-3 ratio was similar for both SW groups (2.84 vs 2.96). Differences in individual fatty acid content due to the slaughter weight were observed. In conclusion, the meat quality and the fatty acid composition of the Longissimus dorsi were affected by slaughter weight of lambs grazing naturalized pastures.

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Effect of sex on meat quality of Spanish lamb breeds (Lacha and Rasa Aragonesa)

Animal Science ◽

10.1017/s1357729800032975 ◽

1998 ◽

Vol 67 (3) ◽

pp. 541-547 ◽

Cited By ~ 39

Author(s):

A. Horcada ◽

M. J. Beriain ◽

A. Purroy ◽

G. Lizaso ◽

J. Chasco

Keyword(s):

Fatty Acids ◽

Fatty Acid ◽

Meat Quality ◽

Iodine Value ◽

Fatty Acid Content ◽

Carcass Weight ◽

Barley Straw ◽

Male And Female ◽

Fat Depots

AbstractThe influence of sex on the meat quality of Lacha (L) and Rasa Aragonesa (RA) lambs was studied. Male and female L lambs were given ewes' milk and were slaughtered at 25 and 24 days of age corresponding to 11·4 and 10·9 kg live weight (LW), respectively. Male and female RA lambs were weaned at 58 days (16·0 kg LW) and then given concentrate and barley straw until slaughter at 89 and 91 days of age, corresponding to 24·5 and 23·1 kg LW, respectively. The parameters measured on the carcasses were: hot carcass weight, cold carcass weight, conformation, colour, firmness and thickness of dorsal fat and colour of muscle rectus abdominis. Parameters measured on longissimus dorsi muscle were: ultimate pH (pHu), instrumental colour (L*, a*, b*), myoglobin concentration, ash, crude protein, fat, moisture and water-holding capacity (WHC). Iodine value and fatty acid composition were studied in the intramuscular (IM), intermuscular (IN) and subcutaneous (SC) fat depots. Females of both breeds had higher amount of IM fat (P < 0·001 and P < 0·05 for L and RA breeds, respectively) and firmer SC fat than males (P < 0·05). There were no differences between sexes in pHu, myoglobin concentration, WHC and the L*, a* and b* colour parameters. No significant differences between sexes were observed in the total saturated fatty acids, total unsaturated fatty acids and in the iodine value in the three fat depots studied in both breeds. However, the females of the breed had significantly higher proportions offatty acids with 15 carbon atoms (pentadecanoic (C15:0)) and with 16 carbon atoms (palmitic (C16:0)and palmitoleic (C16:1)) than the males in the three depots. The females of Rasa Aragonesa breed had a higher proportion of palmitoleic acid (C16:1)in the IM depot (P < 0·001) and of palmitic acid (C16:0)in the SC depot (P < 0·05) than the males. The absence of significant differences in the unsaturated fatty acid content between males and females showed that at the low slaughter weight, sex had no effect on the nature and composition of fat.

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The effect of diet and sex on lipids composition of dried pork neck

Biotechnology in Animal Husbandry ◽

10.2298/bah0701467f ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 23 (5-6-1) ◽

pp. 467-474

Author(s):

M. Furman ◽

T. Polak ◽

S. Vidakovic ◽

L. Gasperlin ◽

B. Zlender

Keyword(s):

Fatty Acids ◽

Fatty Acid Composition ◽

Fatty Acid ◽

Linoleic Acid ◽

Saturated Fatty Acids ◽

Fatty Acid Content ◽

Cholesterol Content ◽

Control Group ◽

The Third ◽

Linolenic Fatty Acid

The aim of the study was to investigate the effect of diet and sex on fat content, fatty acid composition and cholesterol content of dried pork neck. There were 12 barrows and 12 gilts separated in 4 groups regarding different nutritive supplement. The first group was fed basic ratio with supplement of linseed, the second with canola, the third with canola and vitamin E and the forth group without nutritive supplement (control group). All 24 samples of dried neck were analyzed in laboratory. There was no effect of nutritive supplement on fat and cholesterol content. Diet with linseed resulted in higher ?-linolenic fatty acid content in dried neck. Canola diet resulted in higher oleic and linoleic acid contents. Barrows dried necks were fattier than gilts, but there were no difference in cholesterol content. Gilts had more polyunsaturated fatty acids and less saturated fatty acids than barrows.

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Spiny-Cheek Crayfish, Faxonius limosus (Rafinesque, 1817), as an Alternative Food Source

Animals ◽

10.3390/ani11010059 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

pp. 59

Author(s):

Natalia Śmietana ◽

Remigiusz Panicz ◽

Małgorzata Sobczak ◽

Przemysław Śmietana ◽

Arkadiusz Nędzarek

Keyword(s):

Fatty Acids ◽

Fatty Acid ◽

Amino Acid ◽

Nutritional Value ◽

Saturated Fatty Acids ◽

Essential Amino Acids ◽

Chemical Score ◽

Very High ◽

Acid Index

The aim of the study was to present a comprehensive characterisation of crayfish meat, which is crucial to assess its potential usefulness in the food industry. To this end, we assessed the yield, basic chemical composition (protein, fat, minerals), nutritional value (amino acid and fatty acid profiles, essential amino acid index (EAAI), chemical score of essential amino acids (CS), hypocholesterolaemic/hypercholesterolaemic ratio (h/H), atherogenicity (AI) and thrombogenicity (TI) indices), as well as culinary value (lab colour, texture, sensory characteristics, structure) of the meat of spiny-cheek crayfish (Faxonius limosus) (n = 226) from Lake Sominko (Poland) harvested in May–September 2017. Crayfish meat, especially that from the abdomen, was shown to have high nutritional parameters. It is lean (0.26% of fat), with a favourable fatty acid profile and a very high quality of fat (PUFA (sum of polyunsaturated fatty acids):SFA (sum of saturated fatty acids), n-6/n-3, h/H, AI, TI) and protein (high CS and EAAI). It is also a better source of Ca, K, Mg, Na, P, and Cu than meat from slaughter animals. Hence, crayfish meat can be an alternative to livestock meat in the human diet. Owing to its culinary value (delicateness, weak game flavour, and odour), it meets the requirements of the most demanding consumers, i.e., children and older people.

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Modifying egg fatty acid content by supplementation of laying hen diets with palm olein oil (POO)

Proceedings of the British Society of Animal Science ◽

10.1017/s1752756200030519 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 2009 ◽

pp. 212-212

Author(s):

S J Hosseini Vashan ◽

N Afzali ◽

A Golian ◽

M Malekaneh ◽

A Allahressani

Keyword(s):

Fatty Acids ◽

Fatty Acid ◽

Acid Content ◽

Palm Olein ◽

Unsaturated Fatty Acids ◽

Saturated Fatty Acids ◽

Fatty Acid Content ◽

Processing Plant ◽

Optimum Level ◽

Olein Oil

Palm oil is the most abundant of all oils produced globally. It is very high in saturated fatty acids specifically palmitic acid, but other fatty acids (monounsaturated (MUFA) and polyunsaturated) are presented at low concentrations. In the processing plant some high amount of oleic acid with some other unsaturated fatty acids are extracted and marketed as Palm olein oil, and used to reduce blood or egg cholesterol (Rievelles et al., 1994). The objective of this study was to determine the optimum level of dietary palm olein oil required to enrich the mono-unsaturated fatty acid content of yolk, egg cholesterol and antibody titre.

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Oncogenic H-Ras Expression Induces Fatty Acid Profile Changes in Human Fibroblasts and Extracellular Vesicles

International Journal of Molecular Sciences ◽

10.3390/ijms19113515 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 19 (11) ◽

pp. 3515 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Krizia Sagini ◽

Lorena Urbanelli ◽

Eva Costanzi ◽

Nico Mitro ◽

Donatella Caruso ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Fatty Acids ◽

Fatty Acid ◽

Extracellular Vesicles ◽

Saturated Fatty Acids ◽

Fatty Acid Content ◽

Human Fibroblasts ◽

Target Cells ◽

Membrane Bilayer ◽

Metabolizing Enzymes ◽

Profile Changes

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are lipid bilayer surrounded particles that are considered an additional way to transmit signals outside the cell. Lipids have not only a structural role in the organization of EVs membrane bilayer, but they also represent a source of lipid mediators that may act on target cells. Senescent cells are characterized by a permanent arrest of cell proliferation, but they are still metabolically active and influence nearby tissue secreting specific signaling mediators, including those carried by EVs. Notably, cellular senescence is associated with increased EVs release. Here, we used gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry to investigate the total fatty acid content of EVs released by fibroblasts undergoing H-RasV12-induced senescence and their parental cells. We find that H-RasV12 fibroblasts show increased level of monounsaturated and decreased level of saturated fatty acids, as compared to control cells. These changes are associated with transcriptional up-regulation of specific fatty acid-metabolizing enzymes. The EVs released by both controls and senescent fibroblasts show a higher level of saturated and polyunsaturated species, as compared to parental cells. Considering that fibroblasts undergoing H-RasV12-induced senescence release a higher number of EVs, these findings indicate that senescent cells release via EVs a higher amount of fatty acids, and in particular of polyunsaturated and saturated fatty acids, as compared to control cells.

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Inhibition of ovine gastric acid secretion by intraduodenal long-chain fatty acids

AJP Gastrointestinal and Liver Physiology ◽

10.1152/ajpgi.1982.243.2.g127 ◽

1982 ◽

Vol 243 (2) ◽

pp. G127-G133

Author(s):

L. M. McLeay ◽

J. M. Fitzgerald

Keyword(s):

Fatty Acids ◽

Fatty Acid ◽

Acid Secretion ◽

Gastric Acid Secretion ◽

Gastric Acid ◽

Unsaturated Fatty Acids ◽

Acid Output ◽

Saturated Fatty Acids ◽

Fatty Acid Content ◽

Conscious Sheep

Effects on ovine gastric function of procedures that increase intestinal unsaturated fatty acid content are unknown, and the present aim was to compare the effects of duodenal unsaturated and saturated fatty acids on gastric secretion in conscious sheep. During the maximal gastric secretory response to a meal, 10 ml gallbladder bile alone or with myristic, palmitic, and stearic acids and oleic, linoleic, and linolenic acids were infused into the duodenum at a rate of 5 g fatty acid . h-1 for 1 h. Compared with control 154 mM NaCl (100%), acid output was reduced to 4-7% of control with infusion of oleic, linoleic, and linolenic acids and myristic acids plus bile. Reductions in acid secretion persisted for up to 5 h from the end of infusion. In contrast, the infusion of palmitic and stearic acids with bile caused mean maximal reductions in acid output, respectively, to only 64 and 55% of control, and levels returned to control within 1 h of the end of infusion. Bile infusion alone caused no reduction in acid secretion. Under the conditions used, C18 unsaturated fatty acids and myristic acid were potent inhibitors of ovine gastric acid secretion. The lesser effects of palmitic and stearic acids were probably related to their reduced solubility and absorption.

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Lamb Meat Quality and Carcass Evaluation of Five Autochthonous Sheep Breeds: Towards Biodiversity Protection

Animals ◽

10.3390/ani11113222 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (11) ◽

pp. 3222

Author(s):

Maria Giovanna Ciliberti ◽

Antonella Santillo ◽

Rosaria Marino ◽

Elena Ciani ◽

Mariangela Caroprese ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Fatty Acids ◽

Fatty Acid ◽

Chemical Composition ◽

Meat Quality ◽

Fatty Acid Content ◽

Principal Component ◽

Human Consumption ◽

Sheep Breeds ◽

Fatty Acids Profile ◽

Lamb Meat

In the present study, the evaluation of the carcasses and meat quality, in terms of chemical composition and fatty acid profile, of lambs from five autochthonous sheep breeds (Altamurana, Bagnolese, Gentile di Puglia, Laticauda, and Leccese) reared in continental Southern Italy, were studied. All the carcasses were evaluated according to the EU Mediterranean classification system for carcasses weighing less than 13 kg. Meat chemical composition and fatty acids profile were assessed on both loin and leg commercial cuts. Fatty acid composition of loin resulted in differences among breeds, displaying lower values of saturated fatty acid in Altamurana, Bagnolese, and Leccese breeds and the highest content of polyunsaturated fatty acid in the Altamurana breed. Principal component analysis grouped lamb according to fatty acid content and to conjugated linoleic acid (CLA), omega n-3 and n-6 fatty acids; thus, Altamurana, Bagnolese, and Leccese breeds are characterized by the highest values of CLA content. Our data demonstrated that lamb meat from autochthonous breed has good carcass quality and the content of CLA, n-3, and n-6 was valuable for human consumption; therefore, the valorisation of local meat quality can help to avoid the extinction of the autochthonous breed offering to the market and consumer’s high nutritive products.

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