scholarly journals A Qualitative and Comprehensive Analysis of Caries Susceptibility for Dental Fluorosis Patients

Antibiotics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 1047
Author(s):  
Qianrui Li ◽  
Jiaqi Shen ◽  
Tao Qin ◽  
Ge Zhou ◽  
Yifeng Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Eating Habits ◽  
Dental Fluorosis ◽  
Dental Enamel ◽  
Acid Resistance ◽  
Comprehensive Analysis ◽  
Food Factor ◽  
Treatment Factor ◽  
Pros And Cons

Dental fluorosis (DF) is an endemic disease caused by excessive fluoride exposure during childhood. Previous studies mainly focused on the acid resistance of fluorotic enamel and failed to reach a consensus on the topic of the caries susceptibility of DF patients. In this review, we discuss the role of DF classification in assessing this susceptibility and follow the “four factors theory” in weighing the pros and cons of DF classification in terms of host factor (dental enamel and saliva), food factor, bacteria factor, and DF treatment factor. From our analysis, we find that susceptibility is possibly determined by various factors such as the extent of structural and chemical changes in fluorotic enamel, eating habits, fluoride levels in diets and in the oral cavity, changes in quantity and quality of saliva, and/or oral hygiene. Thus, a universal conclusion regarding caries susceptibility might not exist, instead depending on each individual’s situation.

The Potential Role of Tomudex in the Treatment of Advanced Colorectal Cancer

1997 ◽  
Vol 83 (2) ◽  
pp. 576-580 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alberto F. Sobrero
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Treatment Outcome ◽  
Potential Role ◽  
Advanced Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Toxicity Profile ◽  
Pros And Cons ◽  
Synthase Inhibitor ◽  
Near Future

Aims and Background The quinazoline folate analog thymidylate synthase inhibitor, Tomudex, is about to enter the Italian pharmaceutical market. Its place among the therapeutic options for advanced colorectal cancer is discussed. Methods The pros and cons of currently available chemotherapeutic regimens are briefly described with special attention to patient's and tumor's determinants of treatment outcome. The mechanism of action and the results of phase I, II and III studies of Tomudex are reviewed. Results Not all patients need to be treated. Guidelines are given in this respect. Tomudex at the dose of 3 mg/m2 given i.v. every three weeks has antitumor activity similar to that of currently available regimens, with a favorable toxicity profile. Conclusions Current research approaches are unlikely to dramatically improve the treatment outcome of this disease in the near future. What can reasonably be expected is less toxicity and more convenient routes and schedules of drug administration that may translate into better quality of life for our patients. Tomudex has been devised along these lines.

Role of anthropological opinion in verification of eyewitness identification result

2017 ◽  
Vol 297 ◽  
pp. 50-58
Author(s):  
Piotr Herbowski ◽  
◽  
Dorota Lorkiewicz-Muszyńska ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Eyewitness Identification ◽  
Crime Scene ◽  
Comprehensive Analysis ◽  
Criminal Trial ◽  
Front Part ◽  
Legal Proceedings ◽  
Probative Value ◽  
The Face

Probative value of results obtained in the course of legal proceedings with the participants of the criminal act may vary. This also concerns results of identification by an eyewitness. The exceptional role of its result in the criminal trial derives from the fact that categorical identification of a suspect by the witness becomes directly incriminating evidence. Problems connected with verification of identification parade result, which often occur both in Poland and in other countries, have been presented on the basis of a real criminal case. The main evidence submitted by the prosecutor was identification of several people who had been suspected of theft by an eye witness. Some important doubts relating to their guilt, however, arose in the criminal trial in court several years after the crime. The court decided to use the help of an expert in the field of anthropological identification. Comprehensive analysis of the CCTV recordings from the crime scene and additional examinations carried out by an expert made it possible to verify the results of the identification parade objectively and precisely. For the defendants the anthropological opinion was just exculpatory evidence. However, it opened up new possibilities to obtain information, especially when low quality of CCTV recordings does not allow for a detailed analysis of the characteristics of morphological elements of the head including its front part which is the face.

scholarly journals Extrinsic Tooth Enamel Color Changes and Their Relationship with the Quality of Water Consumed

2012 ◽  
Vol 9 (10) ◽  
pp. 3530-3539 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kathleen Rebelo de Sousa ◽  
Marília Batista ◽  
Juliana Rocha Gonçalves ◽  
Maria Da Luz Rosário de Sousa
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Oral Health ◽  
Eating Habits ◽  
Tooth Enamel ◽  
Dental Enamel ◽  
Tooth Color ◽  
Color Changes ◽  
Quality Of Water ◽  
Low Prevalence

The quality of the consumed drinking water may affect oral health. For example, the presence of iron in drinking water can cause aesthetic problems related to changes in dental enamel color. This study assessed the prevalence of extrinsic enamel color changes and their relationship with the quality of the water in the town of Caapiranga/AM-Brazil. Three hundred and forty six residents of the urban area were examined, and they also answered a questionnaire on eating habits and self-perceived oral health. As the initial results indicated an insufficient number of observations for the application of variance analysis (one-way ANOVA), the Student t test was chosen to compare levels of iron content in the water coming from two sources. The change in tooth color had a prevalence of 5.78% (20 people). The majority of the population (n = 261, 75.43%) consumed well water. Those who presented extrinsic stains were uncomfortable with the appearance of their teeth (15.09%). We conclude that while there is excess of iron in the water in this region of Brazil, no association between extrinsic stains on the enamel and the level of iron in the water was found. There was a low prevalence of extrinsic stains in Caaparinga, being found only in children and adolescents. In the present study, an association between the presence of stains and the consumption of açai was determined, and those who presented them felt uncomfortable about their aesthetics.

scholarly journals THE ROLE OF COGNITIVE SCRIPTS IN THE ORGANIZATION OF CAMPUS TOURS

2014 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 32-45
Author(s):  
Wen-Wei Chiang ◽  
Feng-Hsien Tu ◽  
Chia-Ju Liu
Keyword(s):  
Informal Education ◽  
Free Association ◽  
Comprehensive Analysis ◽  
Educational Activity ◽  
Service Encounters ◽  
Tour Guides ◽  
Cognitive Scripts ◽  
Campus Tours

The aim of off-campus educational activity guides are to expand the knowledge of participants; however, visitors often rate tours according to the quality of their experience, rather than by what they have learned. Thus, ensuring that visitors are engaged requires that tour guides be able to identify the needs and expectations of visitors. This study sought to contextualize campus tours using four dramaturgical elements: “Actors” (tour guides), "audience” (visitors); “setting” (campus); “performance” (the tour). Dramaturgy and cognitive scripts were combined to form the research basis of this study. Free association models were employed to rank the sites subjects most wish to visit and service blueprints were used to illustrate how campus tour services should be organized and delivered. This study provides a comprehensive analysis of the processes used to decipher complex service encounters as well as concrete examples of their application. Key words: cognitive script, field trip, informal education, theatre, tour guide, visitors

scholarly journals Gaps in nursing care for people with urinary incontinence

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah Oliveira ◽  
Thiago Oliveira ◽  
Eliza Dázio ◽  
Roberta Sanches ◽  
Jenika Dias ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Incontinence ◽  
Nursing Care ◽  
Eating Habits ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Three Dimensions ◽  
Bladder Training ◽  
Care For The Elderly ◽  
The Subject

Objective: To survey in the literature the role of the nurse in the care of people with urinary incontinence (UI). Methods: Integrative literature review from the publications within the period of 2013 in the databases: BDENF, LILACS, Web of Science, PubMed and SciELO, in the Portuguese, English and Spanish languages. The sample consisted of 11 publications, most of them in English. Results: The data were categorized into three dimensions of care: educational (three articles), care (eight articles) and management (an article, which was also categorized as care). Educational: although nurses presented superficial and incomplete knowledge about incontinence, playful strategies were used for teaching. Assistance: the use of superabsorbent diapers and pads, 3% dimethicone impregnated wipes, spray for the formation of polymer film for incontinence-associated dermatitis, pelvic musculature, urethral massage, bladder training, and eating habits modification were recommended. Gerencial: the quality of nursing care for the elderly with UI was evaluated through protocols, standards and Standard Operational Procedures (SOPs). Conclusion: There is a shortage of studies on the subject and it was evidenced that the nurse assumes an assistance role in urinary incontinence, although its knowledge is incipient.

scholarly journals Analysis on the Causes of Cracks in Bridges

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tingjuan Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Comprehensive Analysis ◽  
Concrete Bridges ◽  
Transportation Infrastructure ◽  
Bridge Engineering ◽  
Concrete Cracking ◽  
Technical Personnel ◽  
Design And Construction

In recent years, the transportation infrastructure of our province has developed rapidly, and a large number of concrete bridges have been built in various places. In the process of building and using bridges, reports on the quality of the project due to the occurrence of cracks and even the collapse of the bridge are not uncommon. Concrete cracking can be said to be “frequent onset” and “probable disease”, often plaguing bridge engineering and technical personnel. In fact, many cracks can be overcome and controlled if certain design and construction measures are taken. In order to further strengthen the understanding of cracks in concrete bridges, try to avoid the occurrence of more dangerous cracks in the project. In this paper, we should make a comprehensive analysis and summary of the types and causes of cracks in concrete bridges to facilitate the design and construction to find out the control. The feasible way of cracking can achieve the role of prevention.

Bureaucracy and Government Quality

2021 ◽  
pp. 640-661
Author(s):  
Carl Dahlström ◽  
Victor Lapuente
Keyword(s):  
Public Administration ◽  
Civil Servants ◽  
Service Systems ◽  
Political Connections ◽  
Public Employees ◽  
The Public ◽  
Good Government ◽  
Pros And Cons

How does the way the bureaucracy is organized affect the quality of the public policies delivered? This chapter focuses primarily on the role of human resources in the public sector and its impact on good government. We argue it is specifically important how bureaucrats are recruited, promoted, dismissed, and incentivized; what public administration scholars refer to as “civil service systems.” Building on the more than 75-year-old discussion between Carl Friedrich (1940) and Herman Finer (1941), we explore the pros and cons of having public employees who are directly accountable to their political masters vis-à-vis public employees who are politically autonomous. The review of the available evidence indicates that, all other things being equal, civil servants’ autonomy leads to less corrupt, and more effective governments in comparison with polities where civil servants owe their positions to political connections. The chapter concludes that civil servants should be directly accountable to their professional peers instead of their political superiors.

scholarly journals Impact of dental fluorosis on the quality of life of children and adolescents

2014 ◽  
Vol 43 (5) ◽  
pp. 326-332 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laynna Marina Santos LIMA ◽  
Neusa Barros DANTAS-NETA ◽  
Werttey da Silva MOURA ◽  
Marcoeli Silva de MOURA ◽  
Andrea MANTESSO ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Preventive Measures ◽  
Dental Fluorosis ◽  
Dental Enamel ◽  
Functional Domain ◽  
Fluoride Ions ◽  
Enamel Defects ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
The Impact

INTRODUCTION: Dental fluorosis is a disturbance of high prevalence caused by the ingestion of fluoride ions present mainly in toothpaste. Preventive measures to avoid it are still controversial. Thus, knowing the impact that fluorosis can cause on the population's quality of life it is important for planning public health policies.OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the impact of dental fluorosis on the quality of life of children and adolescents.MATERIAL AND METHOD: We studied 300 subjects aged 8 to 12 years divided into 4 groups: children (8-10 years) and adolescents (10 to 12 years) with and without fluorosis. The diagnosis of fluorosis was performed according to the index Thylstrup and Fejerskov and quality of life was evaluated using Child Perceptions Questionnaire 8-10 and 11-14. The socio-demographic characteristics of the patients were also evaluated. For inclusion in the sample, selected patients should present eight permanent incisors with crowns fully erupted. Patients who had extensive restorations, fractured teeth, other dental enamel defects and who wore braces were excluded.RESULT: Fluorosis was present in 64.7% of the patients analyzed and in most cases (80.3%) was mild or very mild. In children, the average overall score of the questionnaire was 15.9 for the group without fluorosis and 18.3 for the group with fluorosis (p = 0.255). The teenagers' score in the group without fluorosis was 26.1, while the group with fluorosis was 22.7 (p = 0.104).CONCLUSION: Dental fluorosis caused impact on the quality of life of the population analyzed only in the functional domain.

Cognitive Health Counseling 40+

2013 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 24-33 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne Eschen ◽  
Franzisca Zehnder ◽  
Mike Martin
Keyword(s):  
Outcome Variable ◽  
Pilot Phase ◽  
Subjective Memory ◽  
Cognitive Health ◽  
Health Counseling ◽  
Agents Of Change ◽  
Main Outcome Variable ◽  
Further Development

This article introduces Cognitive Health Counseling 40+ (CH.CO40+), an individualized intervention that is conceptually based on the orchestration model of quality-of-life management ( Martin & Kliegel, 2010 ) and aims at improving satisfaction with cognitive health in adults aged 40 years and older. We describe the theoretically deduced characteristics of CH.CO40+, its target group, its multifactorial nature, its individualization, the application of subjective and objective measures, the role of participants as agents of change, and the rationale for choosing participants’ satisfaction with their cognitive health as main outcome variable. A pilot phase with 15 middle-aged and six older adults suggests that CH.CO40+ attracts, and may be particularly suitable for, subjective memory complainers. Implications of the pilot data for the further development of the intervention are discussed.

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