scholarly journals Impact of Simulated Gastrointestinal Conditions on Antiglycoxidant and α-Glucosidase Inhibition Capacities of Cyanidin-3-O-Glucoside

Antioxidants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 1670
Author(s):  
Didier Fraisse ◽  
Alexis Bred ◽  
Catherine Felgines ◽  
François Senejoux
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Management ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Inhibition Activity ◽  
Intestinal Phase ◽  
Simulated Digestion ◽  
Gastrointestinal Conditions ◽  
Physiological Relevance ◽  
Chemical Integrity ◽  
Hplc Analyses

Cyanidin-3-O-glucoside (C3G) is a widespread anthocyanin derivative, which has been reported in vitro to exert potent antioxidant, antiglycation and α-glucosidase inhibition effects. Nevertheless, the physiological relevance of such properties remains uncertain considering its significant instability in gastrointestinal conditions. A simulated digestion procedure was thus instigated to assess the influence of gastric and intestinal media on its chemical integrity and biological activities. HPLC analyses of digested C3G samples confirmed the striking impact of intestinal conditions, as attested by a decomposition ratio of 70%. In contrast, with recovery rates of around 90%, antiglycation, as well as DPPH and ABTS scavenging assays, uniformly revealed a noteworthy persistence of its antiglycoxidant capacities. Remarkably, a prominent increase of its α-glucosidase inhibition activity was even observed after the intestinal phase, suggesting that classical in vitro evaluations might underestimate C3G antidiabetic potential. Consequently, the present data provide novel and specific insights on C3G’s digestive fate, suggesting that the gastrointestinal tract does not profoundly affect its positive action on oxidative and carbonyl stresses. More specifically, it also tends to support its regulating effects on postprandial hyperglycemia and its potential usefulness for diabetes management.

scholarly journals Stability and Antiglycoxidant Potential of Bilberry Anthocyanins in Simulated Gastrointestinal Tract Model

Foods ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. 1695
Author(s):  
Didier Fraisse ◽  
Alexis Bred ◽  
Catherine Felgines ◽  
François Senejoux
Keyword(s):  
Gastrointestinal Tract ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Intestinal Phase ◽  
Physiological Relevance ◽  
Highly Sensitive ◽  
Major Interest ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Chemical Integrity

Anthocyanins from Vaccinium myrtillus fruits have been reported in vitro to exert potent radical scavenging and antiglycation activities. However, the physiological relevance of such properties remains unclear given the potential susceptibility of anthocyanin derivatives to digestive conditions. A simulated gastrointestinal tract model was thus implemented to assess the impact of gastric and intestinal phases on the chemical integrity of bilberry anthocyanins and their antiglycoxidant effects. Results demonstrated that the investigated activities as well as total and individual anthocyanin contents were marginally affected by gastric conditions. By contrast, with recoveries ranging from 16.1 to 41.2%, bilberry anthocyanins were shown to be highly sensitive to the intestinal phase. Of major interest, a much better preservation was observed for radical scavenging and antiglycation activities as attested by recovery rates ranging from 79.1 to 86.7%. Consistently with previous observations, the present study confirms the moderate bioaccessibility of anthocyanin constituents. It does however provide valuable information supporting the persistence of substantial radical scavenging and antiglycation activities at each step of the digestion process. Taken together, these data indicate that digestive conditions might not abolish the potential positive effects of bilberry consumption on both oxidative and carbonyl stresses.

scholarly journals Inhibition Effect of Extract of Psychotria viridiflora Stem on α-Amylase and α-Glucosidase and Its Application in Lowering the Digestibility of Noodles

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qimin Chen ◽  
Joanne Yi Hui Toy ◽  
Cynthia Seta ◽  
Tiong Chia Yeo ◽  
Dejian Huang
Keyword(s):  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Local Community ◽  
Complex Mixture ◽  
Rice Flour ◽  
Inhibition Activity ◽  
Oligomeric Proanthocyanidins ◽  
Gastrointestinal Conditions ◽  
High Starch ◽  
Forest Plant Species

A collection of tropical medicinal plants from East Malaysia's rainforests are used by indigenous tribes for their curative properties. Despite their purported healing properties, these forest plant species are largely unexplored and hence remain virtually unknown to the outside world. In this study, antidiabetic properties of Psychotria viridiflora, a plant used to treat diabetes by a local community in Sarawak, Malaysia were investigated. Ethyl acetate (EA) extract of P. viridiflora stem was found to exhibit high starch hydrolase inhibition activity with an IC50 value of 15.4 ± 2.1 μg/ml against porcine α-amylase and an IC50 value of 32.4 ± 3.7 μg/ml against rat intestinal α-glucosidase. A complex mixture of A-type oligomeric proanthocyanidins containing (epi)fisetinidol, (epi)afzelechin, (epi)guibourtinidol, and (epi)catechin were found. These compounds may be responsible for the starch hydrolase inhibition activity. Ethyl acetate (EA) extract of P. viridiflora stem was incorporated into wheat and rice flour to reformulate noodles with slow digestibility and was assessed under in vitro simulated gastrointestinal conditions. A dose-dependent effect on digestibility was observed for both noodles upon incorporation of 1-6% (w/w) of EA extract, with noodles containing 6% (w/w) extract exhibiting the greatest reduction in digestibility. As compared to rice noodles containing 6% extract (31.16% inhibition), wheat noodles with the same extract concentration had a smaller decline in digestibility (27.25% inhibition) after 180 min. Overall, our findings highlight the potential of P. viridiflora in the prevention of postprandial hyperglycaemia.

scholarly journals Formation of Lipid and Protein Oxidation Products during In Vitro Gastrointestinal Digestion of Dry-Cured Loins with Different Contents of Nitrate/Nitrite Added

Foods ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 1748
Author(s):  
Guadalupe Lavado ◽  
Nieves Higuero ◽  
Manuel León-Camacho ◽  
Ramón Cava
Keyword(s):  
Protein Oxidation ◽  
In Vitro Digestion ◽  
Heme Iron ◽  
Conjugated Dienes ◽  
Oxidation Products ◽  
Intestinal Phase ◽  
Simulated Digestion ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Lipid And Protein Oxidation

The effect of nitrate/nitrite (0, 37.5, 75, and 150 mg/kg) in the dry-cured loin formulation on the formation of lipid and protein oxidation products during in vitro digestion was evaluated. Dry-cured loins formulated with nitrate/nitrite resulted in significantly less lipid and protein oxidation than uncured loins before and after simulated digestion. Compared to loins added with 0 mg/kg nitrate/nitrite, dry-cured loins with 37.5, 75, and 150 mg/kg contained a significantly lower content of conjugated dienes, malondialdehyde, carbonyls, and non-heme iron, and higher amounts of nitrosylmioglobin and thiols. During in vitro digestion, the content of conjugated dienes, malondialdehyde, and carbonyls increased, while thiol content decreased, indicating the development of lipid and protein oxidative processes. At the end of the intestinal phase, the 75 mg/kg digests had a significantly higher content of conjugated dienes, while no differences were found among the other digests. During the in vitro intestinal phase (180 and 240 min), nitrate/nitrite curing resulted in significantly lower malondialdehyde concentrations in the 37.5, 75, and 150 mg/kg loin digests than in the uncured loin digests. No significant differences were observed at the end of the intestinal digestion phase between the cured loin digests. Digests of dried loins without nitrate/nitrite addition showed higher carbonyl contents than the nitrate/nitrite cured counterparts. The loss of thiols was significantly higher in loin digests without added nitrate/nitrite than in loin digests with different amounts of curing salts. The addition of 37.5 mg/kg nitrate/nitrite in the cured loin formulation prevents the formation of lipid peroxidation products and carbonyls from protein oxidation and thiol loss during digestion

scholarly journals Inhibition of Urease, Elastase, and β-Glucuronidase Enzymatic Activity by Applying Aqueous Extracts of Opuntia oligacantha C.F. Först Acid Fruits: In Vitro Essay under Simulated Digestive Conditions

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (16) ◽  
pp. 7705
Author(s):  
Gabriela Medina-Pérez ◽  
Laura Peralta-Adauto ◽  
Laura Afanador-Barajas ◽  
Fabián Fernández-Luqueño ◽  
Elizabeth Pérez-Soto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bioactive Compounds ◽  
Inflammatory Diseases ◽  
Strong Acid ◽  
Aqueous Extracts ◽  
Inhibition Activity ◽  
Gastrointestinal Conditions ◽  
Excessive Intake ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
High Doses

Non-communicable diseases such as gastric inflammatory diseases and the hepatic pathologies are mainly related to bad lifestyle habits such as recurrent consumption of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), excessive intake of alcohol, tobacco, steroids (high doses), alkaline agents, strong acid foods, and high-fat food, and Helicobacter pylori infections, among others. The fruit of Opuntia oligacantha C.F. Först var. Ulapa (xoconostle) is currently being studied due its nutritional and functional properties. The objective of the present study was to evaluate gastroprotective, anti-inflammatory, and hepatoprotective activities of different parts of xoconostle fruit by establishing in vitro simulated gastrointestinal conditions. Four treatments were established to test aqueous extracts (pericarp (P), mesocarp (M), endocarp (E) and whole fruit (W)). The quantified bioactive compounds were the total phenols, flavonoids, tannins, and betalains. The enzymatic assays were: urease, elastase, and β-glucuronidase. Significant differences (p < 0.05) of bioactive compounds content were measured in xoconostle extracts, the highest concentration was found in W (phenols 313 mg GAE/100 g, flavonoids 189 mg QE/100 g, tannins 71 mg CATE/100 g). The betalains content was higher in E; 17 mg/100 g significant differences were observed (p < 0.05) in the enzymatic inhibitions test (urease, elastase and β-glucuronidase), where W presented the highest inhibition activity (86%, 79%, and 84%), respectively. Bioactive compounds after in vitro gastrointestinal tests were maintained above 60% enzymatic inhibition activity.

scholarly journals Inhibition of Lipid Peroxidation of Kiwicha (Amaranthus caudatus) Hydrolyzed Protein Using Zebrafish Larvae and Embryos

Plants ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 69 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rubén Vilcacundo ◽  
Daniel Barrio ◽  
Lucrecia Piñuel ◽  
Patricia Boeri ◽  
Andrea Tombari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Zebrafish Embryo ◽  
Oxygen Species ◽  
Zebrafish Larvae ◽  
Intestinal Phase ◽  
Hydrolyzed Protein ◽  
A Value ◽  
Gastrointestinal Conditions ◽  
In Vitro Inhibition

Amaranth protein concentrate (APC) was hydrolyzed under in vitro gastrointestinal conditions. APC proteins were partially degraded by pepsin at pHs 1.2, 2.0, and 3.2. During the intestinal phase (pepsin/pancreatin enzymes at pH 7.0), no polypeptide bands were observed in the gel, suggesting the susceptibility of amaranth proteins to the action of digestive enzymes. The potent in vitro inhibition of lipid peroxidation, shown by the gastric and intestinal digests, was confirmed in the zebrafish larvae, with a 72.86% reduction in oxidation of lipids in the presence of the gastric hydrolysate at pH 2.0, compared to a 95.72% reduction in the presence of the gastrointestinal digest. APC digests were capable of reducing reactive oxygen species (ROS) production in the zebrafish embryo model with a value of fluorescence of 52.5% for the gastric hydrolysate, and 48.4% for the intestinal hydrolysate.

Effect of in vitro simulated digestion on sugar content and biological activities of Zehneria maysorensis (Wight & Arn.) Arn. leaf polysaccharides

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 1765-1772 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muniyandi Kasipandi ◽  
A. S. Vrindarani ◽  
Puthanpura Sasidharan Sreeja ◽  
Suman Thamburaj ◽  
Sathyanarayanan Saikumar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biological Activities ◽  
Sugar Content ◽  
Simulated Digestion

Preventive and Therapeutic Potentials of Anthocyanins in Diabetes and Associated Complications

2019 ◽  
Vol 25 (39) ◽  
pp. 5347-5371 ◽  
Author(s):  
Swathi Putta ◽  
Nagendra Sastry Yarla ◽  
Eswar Kumar K. ◽  
Dhananjaya Bhadrapura Lakkappa ◽  
Mohammad A. Kamal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Diseases ◽  
Diabetes Management ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Vascular Diseases ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Glucose Absorption ◽  
Human Consumption ◽  
Gene Expressions

Diet is an essential factor affecting the development of and risk for diabetes mellitus. In search of preventative and therapeutic strategies, the potential role of certain foods and their bioactive compounds to prevent the pathogenesis associated with metabolic diseases is to be considered. Human consumption of anthocyanins is among the highest of all flavonoids. Epidemiological studies have suggested that the consumption of anthocyanins lowers the risk of diabetes and diabetic complications. Anthocyanins are important natural bioactive pigments responsible for red to blue colour of fruits, leaves, seeds, stems and flowers, which are present in a variety of plant species particularly in berries and cherries. A large number of bioactive anthocyanins, such as cyanidin, malvidin, delphinidin, pelargonidin, peonidin, petunidin and their metabolites have shown multiple biological activities with apparent effects on glucose absorption, glucose uptake, insulin secretion and sensitivity, on the enzymes involved in glucose metabolism, gene expressions, inflammatory mediators, glucose transporters in progression of diabetes and associated complications, such as diabetic retinopathy, nephropathy, neuropathy and diabetic vascular diseases. The versatility of the anthocyanins provides a promising approach for diabetes management than synthetic drugs. Here we summarize the effect of several anthocyanins on many in vitro, in vivo and clinical studies and also reveal the mechanisms which could prevent or reverse the underlying mechanisms of diabetic pathologies including promotion of antioxidant, antihyperlipidemic, anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptotic activities.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Various Biological Activities of Endemic Sideritis libanotica Extracts

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 210-217
Author(s):  
Mehmet ATAS ◽  
Nuraniye ERUYGUR ◽  
Fazli SOZMEN ◽  
Mustafa ERGUL ◽  
Merve ERGUL ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Inhibitory Activity ◽  
Methanol Extract ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Water Extract ◽  
In Vitro Cytotoxicity ◽  
Definitive Treatment ◽  
Inhibition Activity ◽  
Better Than

In recent years, using of plants to develop combine therapies for treatment of certain diseases such as cancer, Alzheimer's disease, and diabetes mellitus is extremely plausible approach. Perhaps, the definitive treatment of some of these diseases is hidden in the complex content of a plant in nature. Thus, in the present study, we decided to determine the biological activities of methanol and water extracts of the endemic Sideritis libanotica. To the best of our knowledge, the present study is the first investigation on antioxidant, enzyme inhibitory activity, antimicrobial activity, and in vitro cytotoxicity of S. libanotica. According to results, while the methanol extract shows better anti-cholinesterase, α-glucosidase, and α-amylase inhibition activity and cytotoxicity than the water extract, the tyrosinase inhibitory activity of the water extract was found to be better than the methanol extract. This study provides valuable information on how the biological activity of endemic S. libanotica changes in different solvent extractions such as water and methanol.

Dwindling status of Epimedium Elatum (Morren & Decne) and its geographical distribution in Kashmir Himalaya, India

2018 ◽  
pp. 47-52
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plant ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Conservation Status ◽  
Natural Populations ◽  
Culture Techniques ◽  
Kashmir Himalayas ◽  
Near Future ◽  
First Time ◽  
Tissue Culture Techniques

Epimedium elatum (Morren & Decne) of family Berberidaceace is a rare perennial medicinal plant, endemic to high altitude forests of Northwestern Himalayas in India. Ethnobotanically, it has been used as an ingredient for treatment of bone-joint disorders, impotence and kidney disorders in Kashmir Himalayas. Phytochemically, it is rich in Epimedin ABC and Icariin; all of these have been demonstrated to possess remarkable biological activities like PDE-5 inhibition (treatment of erectile dysfunction), anticancer, antiosteoporosis antioxidant and antiviral properties. The present investigation reports its traditional usage, comprehensive distribution and conservation status from twenty ecogeographical regions in Kashmir Himalayas, India. The species was reported from Gurez valley for the first time. Numerous threats like excessive grazing, deforestration, habitat fragmentation, tourism encroachment, landslides and excessive exploitation have decreased its natural populations in most of the surveyed habitats. Consequently, its existence may become threatened in near future if timely conservation steps are not taken immediately by concerned stakeholders involved in medicinal plant research. Moreover, use of plant tissue culture techniques is recommended for development of its in vitro propagation protocols. Therefore, introduction of this medicinal plant in botanical gardens, protected sites and development of monitoring programmes are needed for its immediate conservation in Northwestern Himalayas, India.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document