scholarly journals Bioactive Compounds and Antioxidant Capacity of Rosa rugosa Depending on Degree of Ripeness

Antioxidants ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (10) ◽  
pp. 134 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahlam Al-Yafeai ◽  
Peter Bellstedt ◽  
Volker Böhm
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin E ◽  
Vitamin C ◽  
Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Bioactive Compounds ◽  
Maximum Concentration ◽  
Trolox Equivalent Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Maturity Stage ◽  
Rosa Rugosa ◽  
Significant Difference

Maturity stage affects the bioactive compounds as well as the antioxidant capacity in the fruit. This study was designed to identify and quantify carotenoids, as well as to evaluate vitamin E, vitamin C, antioxidant capacity and total phenolic compounds of Rosa rugosa hips at different degrees of ripeness. HPLC (high performance liquid chromatography) analysis showed different types of carotenoids at different stages of maturity of R. rugosa hips with significant differences (p ˂ 0.05), where the maximum concentration was observed at late harvesting. In the hips investigated, only α-tocopherol was detected, the maximum concentration of both vitamin E and vitamin C was obtained in the orange hips with significant difference (p ˂ 0.05). On the other hand, the highest hydrophilic and lipophilic TEAC (Trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity) values, as well as total phenolic contents, were determined in the mature hips (red colour) with significant difference (p < 0.0001) and (p < 0.001) respectively, whereas ORAC (oxygen radical absorbance capacity) showed lower activity in the mature hips with significant difference (p ˂ 0.05). Late harvesting is recommended if a high content of carotenoids is desired, while harvesting should be carried out earlier if a higher vitamin E and vitamin C content is desired, which in turn affects the antioxidants capacity.

scholarly journals Ripe Ora-pro-nobis (Pereskia aculeata miller) fruits express high contents of bioactive compounds and antioxidant capacity

2018 ◽  
Vol 40 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Aline Priscilla Gomes da Silva ◽  
Poliana Cristina Spricigo ◽  
Thais Pádua de Freitas ◽  
Thiago Machado da Silva Acioly ◽  
Severino Matias de Alencar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Bioactive Compounds ◽  
Titratable Acidity ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Maturity Stage ◽  
Total Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Total Carotenoids ◽  
Significant Difference

Abstract Pereskia aculeata Miller is a native cactaceae found from the Northeast to the South of Brazil. This plant is recognized by the high nutritional value of their leaves, which are the most used in cooking and folk medicine. However, studies on the chemical characteristics and antioxidant capacity of the ora-pro-nobis fruits are scarce. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine the best harvest point of the ora-pro-nobis fruits to optimize the content of bioactive compounds and their antioxidant capacity. The fruits were manually harvested, defined by their peel colors in three maturity stages: unripe (green), intermediate (yellowish green), and ripe (yellow) stages. The following attributes were evaluated: soluble solids (SS), titratable acidity (TA), SS/TA ratio, pH, and content of bioactive compounds, such as total chlorophylls, carotenoids, yellow flavonoids, total phenolic compounds, and antioxidant capacity. There was a decrease in the content of chlorophyll followed by an increase in the of total carotenoids and yellow flavonoids, due to the maturity stage. For the total phenolic compounds, it was not observed significant difference between the stages. The antioxidant capacity was quantified by the ORAC method in lyophilized pulp in the unripe (1.95 mmol 100 g-1 trolox) and ripe (3.85 mmol 100 g-1 trolox) stages. The lowest contents were observed in the intermediate (0.80 mmol 100 g-1 trolox in lyophilized pulp) stage. The maturity stage significantly influenced the bioactive compounds of ora-pro-nobis, which presented higher values of total carotenoids, yellow flavonoids, and antioxidant capacity in ripe fruits.

scholarly journals Aloe vera Flowers, a Byproduct with Great Potential and Wide Application, Depending on Maturity Stage

Foods ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. 1542
Author(s):  
Ascensión Martínez-Sánchez ◽  
María Elena López-Cañavate ◽  
Josefa Guirao-Martínez ◽  
María José Roca ◽  
Encarna Aguayo
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Vitamin C ◽  
Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Bioactive Compounds ◽  
Unsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid Content ◽  
Aloe Vera ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Maturity Stage

Flowers of Aloe vera are a byproduct providing a valuable source of bioactive compounds with different functions for health benefits. The characterization in amino acids, organic acids, sugars, trigonelline, volatiles compounds, fatty acids, total phenolic, carotenoids, vitamin C content, and antioxidant capacity of Aloe flowers (Aloe barbadensis Miller) has been studied at three maturity stages (I: immature; II: mature; III: mature, with flowers buds opened). Immature flowers presented the highest content in phenyl alanine, tyrosine, citric acid, trigonelline, carotenoids, retinol activity equivalent, vitamin C, and total phenolic and antioxidant capacity. As the flower develops, the content of these compounds decreases. Aloe vera flowers presented an important content in fatty acids, and the principal concentration was identified in polyunsaturated unsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) as α-linolenic acid, and linoleic acid, with a ratio close to one. The main saturated fatty acid was palmitic acid, followed by stearic acid. Maturity stage III showed the lowest fatty acid content. The bioactive compounds found in Aloe vera flowers have potential applications in the cosmetic, pharmaceutical, nutraceutical, and food industries. Depending on the compound of interest, it could be worthwhile harvesting flowers at maturity stage I, thereby reducing the energy consumption of flowers from the plant and thus favoring plant development. This is an example of a circular economy for Aloe vera producers, generating economic and business opportunities and thus providing environmental and social benefits.

scholarly journals Extraction Techniques for Bioactive Compounds and Antioxidant Capacity Determination of Chilean Papaya (Vasconcellea pubescens) Fruit

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elsa Uribe ◽  
Alvaro Delgadillo ◽  
Claudia Giovagnoli-Vicuña ◽  
Issis Quispe-Fuentes ◽  
Liliana Zura-Bravo
Keyword(s):  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Vitamin C ◽  
Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Bioactive Compounds ◽  
Extraction Methods ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Coumaric Acid ◽  
Extraction Techniques ◽  
Sample Extraction

The aim of this work was to assess and compare different extraction methods by using high hydrostatic pressure (HHPE), ultrasound (UE), agitation (AE), and their combinations for the extraction of bioactive compounds of Chilean papaya. Extract antioxidant capacity was evaluated by three methods (i.e., DPPH, FRAP, and Voltammetry) and phenolic compounds and vitamin C were determined by HPLC. Papaya sample extraction was performed by HHPE at 500 MPa for 10 min and UE and AE for 30 min, respectively. The combined-extractions: HHPE-UE and HHPE-AE, were carried out for 5 min and 15 min, respectively. The highest values found were total phenolic 129.1 mg GAE/100 g FW, antioxidant capacity by DPPH 20.6 mM TE/100 g FW, and voltammetry 141.0 mM TE/100 g FW for HHPE-UE method in free compound extraction. Regarding vitamin C content, its highest value was found by HHPE-UE (74 mg/100 g FW) a combined extraction method. The phenolic compounds rutin andp-coumaric acid were found in all the extracts, both in free and bound forms, respectively. Besides, the combined techniques improved the extraction of bioactive compounds.

scholarly journals Quality, Bioactive Compounds, Antioxidant Capacity, and Enzymes of Raspberries at Different Maturity Stages, Effects of Organic vs. Conventional Fertilization

Foods ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 953
Author(s):  
María Noemí Frías-Moreno ◽  
Rafael A. Parra-Quezada ◽  
Gustavo González-Aguilar ◽  
Jacqueline Ruíz-Canizales ◽  
Francisco Javier Molina-Corral ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin C ◽  
Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Bioactive Compounds ◽  
Defense Mechanisms ◽  
Bioactive Compound ◽  
Physicochemical Characteristics ◽  
Maturity Stage ◽  
Organic Fertilization ◽  
Maturity Stages

Raspberries are important sources of bioactive compounds, whose synthesis is influenced by the fertilization system and the maturity stage. This study evaluated the effect of organic and conventional fertilization systems on raspberries at three maturity stages, pink, ripe, and overripe. Physicochemical characteristics, bioactive compounds (phenolic profile, vitamin C), antioxidant capacity (DPPH, FRAP, TEAC, and ORAC), phenolic-associated enzyme, phenylalanine ammonia lyase (PAL), and antioxidant enzymes (SOD, CAT, GPx, and APX) were evaluated. The physicochemical determination of the fruit did not reveal differences between fertilization systems. Regarding bioactive compounds, higher content of anthocyanins was found in organic raspberries at all maturity stages. Organic fertilization increased the content of ellagic acid and gallic acid at all stages of maturity. Higher content of caffeic, hydroxybenzoic, protocatechuic acid, and vitamin C was observed in organic raspberry at the overripe stage. Raspberries grown with organic fertilization exhibited higher values of antioxidant capacity by the DPPH, FRAP, and TEAC methods at all maturity stages. Raspberries under organic fertilization showed significantly greater activity of CAT, SOD, APX, GPX, and PAL. The present study suggests that organic fertilization induces oxidative stress causing an increase in antioxidant defense mechanisms, enhancing bioactive compound production, and improving antioxidant capacity in raspberries.

scholarly journals Effect of grafting and harvest stage on the quality of black cherry tomatoes (Solanum lycopersicum cv. OG) cultivated in Vietnam

Food Research ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 158-166
Author(s):  
H.T.N. Ha ◽  
N.M. Thuy
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin C ◽  
Solanum Lycopersicum ◽  
Bioactive Compounds ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Maturity Stage ◽  
Black Cherry ◽  
Nutraceutical Compounds ◽  
Grafting Technique

Black cherry tomato is an important source of nutraceutical compounds; however, the quality of fruits depends on the cultivation technique and maturity stage at harvest. In this study, the physical and chemical properties of non-grafted and grafted tomatoes (Solanum lycopersicum cv. OG) were evaluated at different stages of maturity to observe the effect of grafting on quality of fruits and select the appropriate harvest stage to achieve the highest content of bioactive compounds, especially anthocyanin. The obtained results found that harvesting non-grafted tomatoes on the 30th day after fruit formation would be suitable for storage with the highest anthocyanin level of 4.27 mg CE/100 g and the content of other bioactive compounds (lycopene 24.60 μg/g, vitamin C 42.79 mg/100 g and total phenolic 40.61 mg GAE/100 g). Meanwhile, the optimal harvest stage of grafted tomatoes was shortened, on the 28th day (anthocyanin 4.31 mg CE/100 g, lycopene 38.79 μg/g, vitamin C 55.69 mg/100 g, and total phenolic 38.69 mg GAE/100 g). The grafting technique should be applied for supporting the plant to grow faster as shown by the earlier stage of harvest and the harvested fruit possessed higher content of bioactive compounds.

scholarly journals A Simple Minimized System Based on Moving Drops for Antioxidant Analysis Using a Smartphone

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (19) ◽  
pp. 5744
Author(s):  
Sutasinee Apichai ◽  
Kajorngai Thajee ◽  
Thanawat Pattananandecha ◽  
Chalermpong Saenjum ◽  
Kate Grudpan
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Color Change ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Trolox Equivalent Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Colorimetric Determination ◽  
Scavenging Activity ◽  
Detection Zone ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Trolox Equivalent

In this paper, a novel antioxidant analysis is proposed using a simple minimized device based on moving drops as solution handling and a smartphone as a detector. This approach is based on the colorimetric determination of the scavenging activity against 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radical (DPPH•), expressed as the half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50), vitamin C equivalent antioxidant capacity (VCEAC), and Trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity (TEAC). A small drop of the positive control or the samples moves by eluting an ethanol drop down by the force of gravity to react with a DPPH• drop in the detection zone. The color change of DPPH• is monitored by a smartphone camera, and the color signals are processed using Adobe Photoshop software. The magenta-to-yellow ratio was successfully applied to evaluate the percentage of DPPH• inhibition with no significant difference compared with the reference spectrophotometric method at a confidence level of 95%. The total phenolic content (TPC) was measured using the Folin–Ciocalteu assay. An application to Miang (fermented tea leaf extract) showed the consonant relationship between the scavenging activity of DPPH• and TPC.

scholarly journals The Effect of Pasteurization Time on Phytochemical Composition and Antioxidant Capacity of Two Apple Cultivars Juices

2018 ◽  
Vol 75 (1) ◽  
pp. 67 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vasile LASLO ◽  
Sonia SOCACI ◽  
Alin TEUSDEA ◽  
Adrian TIMAR ◽  
Maria TOFANĂ ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin C ◽  
Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Bioactive Compounds ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Total Phenol Content ◽  
Total Phenolic Compounds ◽  
North West ◽  
Phytochemical Composition ◽  
The North ◽  
Apple Cultivars

The objective of this study was to characterize two varieties of apple (Florina and Liberty) grown in the North-West of Romania, with a focus on their volatile compounds, bioactive compounds and their antioxidant capacity. The content of bioactive compounds and antioxidant capacity was also tracked during pasteurization at different times (15, 20 and 25 minutes). Among bioactive compounds, the total phenol content was determined, as well as the total flavonoid and vitamin C content. The antioxidant capacity of fruits and pasteurized juice was evaluated by three different methods (DPPH, FRAP and ABTS). Of the 2 apple cultivars, Florina showed a remarkably higher content of total phenolic compounds (657.97 mg GAE/kg fw), flavonoids (122.07 mg QE/kg fw) and vitamin C (94.62 mg/kg), compared to the Liberty cultivar. Following pasteurization, the vitamin C contents decreased significantly relative to pasteurization time. However, in the case of total phenols content, only insignificant decreases were registered, compared to unpasteurized juice. The content of total flavonoids increased significantly after 15 minutes of pasteurization in apple cultivars juices. The apple varieties investigated are rich in bioactive compounds, and pasteurization treatment does not lead to drastic decreases in these compounds and in the antioxidant capacity of apple juices.

scholarly journals Evaluation of chemical characteristics and correlation analysis with pulp browning of advanced selections of apples grown in Brazil

2017 ◽  
Vol 39 (1) ◽  
pp. 103 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luciana Ercoli ◽  
Érica Oliveira Barizão ◽  
Joana Shuelter Boeing ◽  
Marcus Vinícius Kvitschal ◽  
Jesuí Vergilio Visentainer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin C ◽  
Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Phenolic Content ◽  
Titratable Acidity ◽  
Enzymatic Browning ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Chemical Characteristics ◽  
Antioxidant Capacities ◽  
Total Titratable Acidity ◽  
Selection Of

In this research, the total phenolic content (TPC) and antioxidant capacity (FRAP and DPPH•× assays) of pulps and peels of advanced selection of apples grown in Brazil were investigated. The correlation analyses between the activity of polyphenoloxidase enzyme (PPO), vitamin C content, total titratable acidity, and color parameters were performed. The results indicated that the data differed significantly among the apple genotypes studied. The peels of the selection Epagri 170-91 and Epagri 170-25 showed the highest TPC and antioxidant capacities. In addition, the pulps of the Epagri 170-91 presented the highest TPC and antioxidant capacities, the lowest enzymatic browning, highest amount of vitamin C and lowest enzymatic activity when compared with other genotypes. The TPC and antioxidant capacities were significantly correlated in all genotypes analyzed. High correlation values between enzymatic browning and factors that affect the apple color were also found in all analyzed pulps, except between enzymatic browning and TPC. The results demonstrated that the enzymatic browning and TPC, as well as the antioxidant capacity and chemical characteristics, vary considerably depending on the apple genotypes and fruit tissues analyzed. 

scholarly journals Actinidia arguta Leaf as a Donor of Potentially Healthful Bioactive Compounds: Implications of Cultivar, Time of Sampling and Soil N Level

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (13) ◽  
pp. 3871
Author(s):  
Jan Stefaniak ◽  
Barbara Łata
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Plant Development ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Trolox Equivalent Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Development Phase ◽  
Soil N ◽  
Actinidia Arguta ◽  
N Level ◽  
N Fertility

The aim of this study was to assess the enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidant status of kiwiberry (Actinidia arguta) leaf under different N regimes tested three times in field conditions during the 2015 growing season in two cultivars (‘Weiki’ and ‘Geneva’). Leaf total antioxidant capacity using ABTS, DPPH and FRAP tests was evaluated in the years 2015 to 2017, which experienced different weather conditions. Both cultivars exhibited a significant fall in leaf L-ascorbic acid (L-AA) and reduced glutathione (GSH) as well as global content of these compounds during the growing season, while total phenolic contents slightly (‘Weiki’) or significantly (‘Geneva’) increased. There was a large fluctuation in antioxidative enzyme activity during the season. The correlation between individual antioxidants and trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity (TEAC) depended on the plant development phase. The study revealed two peaks of an increase in TEAC at the start and end of the growing season. Leaf L-AA, global phenolics, APX, CAT and TEAC depended on the N level, but thiol compounds were not affected. Over the three years, TEAC decreased as soil N fertility increased, and the strength of the N effect was year dependent. The relationship between leaf N content and ABTS and FRAP tests was highly negative. The antioxidant properties of kiwiberry leaves were found to be closely related to the plant development phase and affected by soil N fertility.

scholarly journals Bioactive Compounds, Antioxidant, and Antibacterial Properties of Lonicera caerulea Berries: Evaluation of 11 Cultivars

Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 624
Author(s):  
Laima Česonienė ◽  
Juozas Labokas ◽  
Ina Jasutienė ◽  
Antanas Šarkinas ◽  
Vilma Kaškonienė ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Vitamin C ◽  
Organic Acids ◽  
Bioactive Compounds ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Aqueous Extracts ◽  
Lonicera Caerulea ◽  
Phenolic Contents ◽  
Total Phenolic Contents ◽  
Ethanolic Extracts

The aim of the study was to evaluate 11 cultivars of blue honeysuckle (Lonicera caerulea L.) for bioactive compounds, antioxidant capacity, and the antibacterial activity of berries. Total phenolic contents (TPCs) and total anthocyanin contents (TACs) were established by using ethanolic extracts. For contents of organic acids and saccharides, aqueous extracts were used, and vitamin C was determined by using oxalic acid solution. DPPH• radical scavenging capacity was evaluated by using ethanolic extracts; antibacterial activity was assessed by using both ethanolic and aqueous extracts. The TPC varied from 364.02 ± 0.41 mg/100 g in ‘Vostorg’ to 784.5 ± 0.3 mg/100 g in ‘Obilnaja’, and TAC ranged from 277.8 ± 1.1 mg/100 g in ‘Čelnočnaja’ to 394.1 ± 8.4 mg/100 g in ‘Nimfa’. Anthocyanins comprised 53.8% of total phenolic contents on average. Among organic acids, citric acid was predominant, averaging 769.41 ± 5.34 mg/100 g, with malic and quinic acids amounting to 289.90 ± 2.64 and 45.00 ± 0.37 mg/100 g on average, respectively. Contents of vitamin C were 34.26 ± 0.25 mg/100 g on average. Organic acids were most effective in the inhibition of both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria tested. In conclusion, berries of L. caerulea are beneficial not only for fresh consumption, but also as a raw material or ingredients of foods with high health-promoting value.

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