scholarly journals An Experimental Strain-Based Study on the Working State of Husk Mortar Wallboards with Openings

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 710 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xuesong Cai ◽  
Shijun Sun ◽  
Guangchun Zhou
Keyword(s):  
Bearing Capacity ◽  
Strain Energy ◽  
Characteristic Parameter ◽  
Accurate Estimation ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Characteristic Points ◽  
Failure Loads ◽  
Inaccurate Estimation ◽  
Experimental Strain ◽  
Experimental Strains

Rice husks as common agricultural remnants with low density and good thermal conductivity properties have been used in infill walls in the northern area of China. Accordingly, many tests and numerical simulations were conducted to address a difficult issue, the inaccurate estimation on the lateral load-bearing capacity of different types of husk mortar energy-saving (HMES) wallboards. The difficulty has not been overcome so far, implying that the novel methods are anticipated to achieve the accurate estimation. This paper tests the full-scale HMES wallboards with different openings and obtains the strains at the points distributed on the wallboard sides. The experimental strains are modeled as the approximate strain energy values to produce the characteristic parameter of the HMES wallboard’s stressing state. Furthermore, the inherent working state characteristic points of HMES wallboards are revealed from the evolution of the characteristic parameter called as the normalized approximate strain energy sum, leading to the redefinition of the failure loads for the HMES wallboards. Finally, it investigates the stressing state mode evolution of the HMES wallboard around the failure loads. The achieved results provide the reference to the accurate estimation of the bearing capacity of the HMES wallboards.

scholarly journals Suspended Sediment Modeling Using a Heuristic Regression Method Hybridized with Kmeans Clustering

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (9) ◽  
pp. 4648
Author(s):  
Rana Muhammad Adnan ◽  
Kulwinder Singh Parmar ◽  
Salim Heddam ◽  
Shamsuddin Shahid ◽  
Ozgur Kisi
Keyword(s):  
Clustering Algorithm ◽  
Suspended Sediments ◽  
Ecological Impacts ◽  
Accurate Estimation ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Neuro Fuzzy ◽  
Adaptive Regression ◽  
Novel Method ◽  
Model Training

The accurate estimation of suspended sediments (SSs) carries significance in determining the volume of dam storage, river carrying capacity, pollution susceptibility, soil erosion potential, aquatic ecological impacts, and the design and operation of hydraulic structures. The presented study proposes a new method for accurately estimating daily SSs using antecedent discharge and sediment information. The novel method is developed by hybridizing the multivariate adaptive regression spline (MARS) and the Kmeans clustering algorithm (MARS–KM). The proposed method’s efficacy is established by comparing its performance with the adaptive neuro-fuzzy system (ANFIS), MARS, and M5 tree (M5Tree) models in predicting SSs at two stations situated on the Yangtze River of China, according to the three assessment measurements, RMSE, MAE, and NSE. Two modeling scenarios are employed; data are divided into 50–50% for model training and testing in the first scenario, and the training and test data sets are swapped in the second scenario. In Guangyuan Station, the MARS–KM showed a performance improvement compared to ANFIS, MARS, and M5Tree methods in term of RMSE by 39%, 30%, and 18% in the first scenario and by 24%, 22%, and 8% in the second scenario, respectively, while the improvement in RMSE of ANFIS, MARS, and M5Tree was 34%, 26%, and 27% in the first scenario and 7%, 16%, and 6% in the second scenario, respectively, at Beibei Station. Additionally, the MARS–KM models provided much more satisfactory estimates using only discharge values as inputs.

Design of a Novel Air Bearing Workbench for Rotary Ultrasonic Drilling of Advanced Ceramics

2012 ◽  
Vol 134 (9) ◽  
Author(s):  
Liping Liu ◽  
Bin Lin ◽  
Fengzhou Fang
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element Method ◽  
Finite Element ◽  
Bearing Capacity ◽  
Cutting Force ◽  
Air Bearing ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Advanced Ceramics ◽  
Air Damping ◽  
Ultrasonic Drilling ◽  
Rotary Ultrasonic Drilling

A novel air bearing workbench used in rotary ultrasonic drilling of advanced ceramics was designed to constantly and sensitively control the cutting force. Compared with traditional feed systems, the novel air bearing workbench features an aerostatic guide and a pneumatic actuator, so that it only overcomes the air damping when the cutting force is balanced. Thus, it can sensitively and constantly control the cutting force for rotary ultrasonic drilling of advanced ceramics. The aerostatic guide, which determines the eccentric bearing capacity and stiffness of the workbench, is the most important part. The forces applied on the aerostatic guide faces were analyzed to calculate the bearing capacity and stiffness of the workbench using varying gas film thicknesses with finite element method (FEM). Based on the result of the analysis, the best gas film thickness of the aerostatic guide was designed to be 30 μm. The real eccentric bearing capacity and stiffness of the workbench were measured. The error between experimental results and the FEM results was within 12%.

scholarly journals SOH Estimation of Lithium-Ion Battery Pack Based on Integrated State Information from Cells

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (19) ◽  
pp. 6637
Author(s):  
Xiaohong Wang ◽  
Wenhui Fan ◽  
Shixiang Li ◽  
Xinjun Li ◽  
Lizhi Wang
Keyword(s):  
Lithium Ion Batteries ◽  
Lithium Ion ◽  
Battery Pack ◽  
Accurate Estimation ◽  
The Novel ◽  
State Information ◽  
Battery Packs ◽  
New Energy ◽  
Interactive Relationship ◽  
Novel Method

Accompanied by the development of new energy resources, lithium-ion batteries have been used widely in various fields. Due to the significant influence of system performance, much attention has been paid to the accurate estimation and prediction about health status of lithium-ion batteries. In a battery pack, the structure connection causes sophisticated interaction between cells, or between the cells and the pack. Therefore, the degradation of any cell is the result of the deterioration of conjoint cells, and a rapid degradation speed for any individual cell can lead to the accelerated degradation of others beyond expectation, which is one of the primary reasons why the State of Health and life cannot be calculated precisely. To solve this problem, a novel method based on integrated state information from cells has been proposed to estimate status of packs, considering about the degradation effect that cells contribute to the corresponding pack. Using this method, the interactive relationship was described in the form of a neural network in order to mine the effect from the inter-degradation between cells. It was proven that the novel method had better performance than a method based only on the degradation indicators from battery packs.

Delamination in Thickness Tapered Composite Laminates

1993 ◽  
Vol 115 (2) ◽  
pp. 193-199 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. R. Trethewey ◽  
J. W. Gillespie ◽  
D. J. Wilkins
Keyword(s):  
Energy Release ◽  
Composite Laminates ◽  
Strain Energy ◽  
Plate Theory ◽  
Strain Energy Release ◽  
Pure Mode ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Growth Criterion ◽  
Energy Release Rates ◽  
Failure Loads

The structural performance of thickness-tapered laminates has been investigated using an energy-based damage tolerance methodology. The geometry studied is a thin laminate with discontinuous internal plies and a through-width delamination embedded at the interface between continuous and discontinuous sublaminates. An analytic model, based on shear deformation plate theory and linear-elastic fracture mechanics is employed to determine the Mode I and Mode II components of strain energy release rate. A two-dimensional plane strain finite element analysis is conducted to confirm the accuracy of the analytic predictions. The resulting pure mode strain energy release rates are combined with a mixed-mode growth criterion to predict the axial load required to induce delamination growth. Finally, the analytic and numerical model were used to predict failure in a delamination critical test specimen. Reasonable agreement of the actual and predicted failure loads was observed.

scholarly journals Experimental and Numerical Studies on the Inflatable Recyclable Anchor in the Tube Piece Type Based on the Soil-Anchor Interaction Mechanism

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Chenchen Du ◽  
Taoli Xiao ◽  
Yunlong He ◽  
Xuexiang Yang
Keyword(s):  
Bearing Capacity ◽  
Interaction Mechanism ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Inflation Pressure ◽  
Analysis Model ◽  
Distribution Law ◽  
Resource Saving ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Steel Disc ◽  
Embedment Length

This paper deeply studies the characteristics and “uplift bearing capacity” of a novel type of inflatable recyclable anchor in the tube piece. The proposed novel inflatable recyclable anchor in the tube piece type comprises a metallic rod, an inflatable anchorage device, and a recovery device. Fifteen field uplift tests are conducted to investigate the effects of inflation pressure, thickness of the steel disc, embedment length, and time lapse between anchor inflation and pullout on “the uplift bearing capacity.” The results show that “the uplift bearing capacity” of the novel inflatable anchor in the tube piece type increases with the increase of inflation pressure, thickness of the steel disc, and embedment length. With the increase of inflation time, “the uplift bearing capacity” of the novel inflatable anchor experiences an increase after first experiencing a decrease. The finite element analysis method is used to establish a numerical analysis model of the inflatable anchor, and the distribution law of the tensile stress of the surrounding soil during the pullout of the anchor is analysed. Compared with the traditional grouted anchor, the proposed anchor has an obvious superiority in recyclability, reusability, and swifter formation of anchorage force and thus is a resource-saving and environmentally friendly anchor technology.

Behavior of Circular Footings and Plate Anchors Embedded in Permafrost

1974 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 531-553 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Ladanyi ◽  
G. H. Johnston
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Model ◽  
Bearing Capacity ◽  
Soil Mechanics ◽  
Normal Pressure ◽  
Strength Properties ◽  
Frozen Soil ◽  
Time Dependent ◽  
Nonlinear Viscoelastic ◽  
Permafrost Soils ◽  
Failure Loads

The purpose of this paper is to develop a method for predicting the creep settlement and the bearing capacity of frozen soils under deep circular loads. The theory uses experimentally determined creep parameters of frozen soil and is intended to be applicable to the design of deep circular footings and screw anchors embedded in permafrost soils. On the basis of available experimental evidence, it was concluded that a mathematical model different from that usual in soil mechanics should be used in solving the time-dependent bearing capacity problem of such footings. The solution proposed in the paper was obtained by using the mathematical model of an expanding spherical cavity in a nonlinear viscoelastic-plastic medium with time, temperature, and normal pressure dependent strength properties. For a given footing or anchor, the theory furnishes either isochronous load-displacement curves, or load-creep rate curves, or a time-dependent bearing capacity for which formulas and graphs of nonlinear elastic-plastic bearing capacity factors are supplied.The theoretical predictability of creep rates and ultimate failure loads was checked against the results of screw anchor tests carried out by the Division of Building Research, N.R.C.C., at a permafrost site in Thompson, Manitoba. It was found that the use in the theory of the creep parameters determined by creep-pressuremeter tests performed at the site, resulted in a satisfactory agreement between the predicted and the observed behavior.

scholarly journals Seismic Performance of Steel Box Bridge Piers with Earthquake-Resilient Function

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-24
Author(s):  
Haifeng Li ◽  
Wenwei Luo ◽  
Jun Luo
Keyword(s):  
Energy Dissipation ◽  
Bearing Capacity ◽  
Seismic Performance ◽  
Seismic Behavior ◽  
Bridge Pier ◽  
Steel Bridge ◽  
Deformation Capacity ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Seismic Capacity ◽  
Energy Dissipated

A novel steel box bridge pier with replaceable energy dissipation wall plates at the base was proposed. After moderate earthquakes, the damaged energy dissipation wall plates and constraining steel plates on the two sides could be rapidly replaced, while the entire energy-dissipated column at the base can also be replaced after rare earthquakes. In this way, the seismic capacity of the new type of steel box bridge pier could be restored after earthquakes. For the purpose of discussing the seismic performance of this novel steel box-shaped bridge pier, the pseudostatic test and numerical simulation were performed. The results showed that the failure of the specimens in the pseudostatic tests occurred predominantly in the energy dissipation zone at the base. After replacing the damaged energy-dissipated column at the base, the seismic behavior of the proposed steel bridge pier can be recovered rapidly. Axial compression ratio is an important factor influencing the seismic behavior of the novel steel box bridge pier. The strength of the energy dissipation wall plates influences the novel steel box-shaped bridge pier’s bearing capacity and deformation capacity. Spacing between the horizontal stiffening ribs had little impact on the bearing capacity and deformation capacity of the proposed steel bridge pier. The larger the thickness of the energy dissipation wall plate, the higher the bearing capacity and deformation capacity of the steel box bridge pier. Finally, an empirical equation for the design of this novel steel bridge pier under cyclic loading was proposed.

scholarly journals Novel Fuzzy-Based Optimization Approaches for the Prediction of Ultimate Axial Load of Circular Concrete-Filled Steel Tubes

Buildings ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 629
Author(s):  
Jinsong Liao ◽  
Panagiotis G. Asteris ◽  
Liborio Cavaleri ◽  
Ahmed Salih Mohammed ◽  
Minas E. Lemonis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Axial Compression ◽  
Structural Engineering ◽  
Model Development ◽  
Experimental Tests ◽  
Accurate Estimation ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Concrete Technology ◽  
Hybrid Techniques ◽  
Improved Performance ◽  
Concrete Filled Steel Tubes

An accurate estimation of the axial compression capacity of the concrete-filled steel tubular (CFST) column is crucial for ensuring the safety of structures containing them and preventing related failures. In this article, two novel hybrid fuzzy systems (FS) were used to create a new framework for estimating the axial compression capacity of circular CCFST columns. In the hybrid models, differential evolution (DE) and firefly algorithm (FFA) techniques are employed in order to obtain the optimal membership functions of the base FS model. To train the models with the new hybrid techniques, i.e., FS-DE and FS-FFA, a substantial library of 410 experimental tests was compiled from openly available literature sources. The new model’s robustness and accuracy was assessed using a variety of statistical criteria both for model development and for model validation. The novel FS-FFA and FS-DE models were able to improve the prediction capacity of the base model by 9.68% and 6.58%, respectively. Furthermore, the proposed models exhibited considerably improved performance compared to existing design code methodologies. These models can be utilized for solving similar problems in structural engineering and concrete technology with an enhanced level of accuracy.

Tensile Behavior of Photonic Crystal Fibers

2007 ◽  
Vol 353-358 ◽  
pp. 615-618 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cheng Yan ◽  
H. Yu ◽  
Lin Ye ◽  
J. Canning ◽  
B. Ashton
Keyword(s):  
Photonic Crystal ◽  
Optical Fibers ◽  
Polymer Coating ◽  
Photonic Crystal Fibers ◽  
Characteristic Parameter ◽  
Failure Behavior ◽  
Failure Loads ◽  
Crystal Fibers ◽  
Different Diameters ◽  
The Relationship

The mechanical strength and failure behavior of two photonic crystal silica optical fibers with different diameters were investigated using tensile test. The effect of polymer coating on the failure behavior was also studied. The results indicated that all fibers failed in a brittle manner and the failure normally initiated from fiber surfaces. The failure loads observed in the coated fibers are higher than that in bare fibers and the reason is explained by the apparent delamination between the fiber and the polymer coating when loaded on the fiber surfaces. The relationship between a characteristic parameter measured on the fracture surfaces and the failure stress was examined.

GENETIC CHANGES IN MEAT-TYPE CHICKENS IN THE LAST TWENTY YEARS

1981 ◽  
Vol 61 (3) ◽  
pp. 555-563 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. R. CHAMBERS ◽  
J. S. GAVORA ◽  
A. FORTIN
Keyword(s):  
Abdominal Fat ◽  
Carcass Weight ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Genetic Changes ◽  
Body Weights ◽  
Genetically Improved ◽  
Experimental Strain ◽  
Selection For ◽  
Experimental Strains ◽  
Meat Type

Three experimental strains and two modern commercial stocks of meat-type chickens were compared in 1978. One experimental strain, K, an unselected control, represented broilers of 20 yr ago. A second experimental strain, A, selected for high broiler weight and a third, D, selected for high broiler and low adult weights had been derived from strain K and represented experimental strains genetically improved by artificial selection. All stocks were hatched and reared simultaneously using modern industrial practices. At 47 days, 70 birds of each sex and stock were slaughtered and the carcasses chemically analyzed. Also, 25 hens of each of strains A, D and K were slaughtered when 68 wk old and abdominal fat and carcass weight data were analyzed. The selection for higher broiler weight in strain A increased both broiler and adult body weights more and percent carcass fat less than the selection for high broiler and low adult weight in strain D. Relative to strain A, carcass weight of strain D was 10% lower in broilers and 16% lower in adult hens. Respective means for the modern commercial broilers, strain A broilers, and "broilers of 20 years ago" were 1552, 1001 and 676 g dressed carcass weight; 2.4, 1.6 and 1.4% abdominal fat; 17.2, 15.4 and 12.4% carcass fat (wet basis) and 1.90, 1.92 and 2.01 feed conversion. Thus, the modern broilers have a dramatically increased growth rate accompanied by higher fat content. The greater fat deposition may at least partly account for the lack of significant improvement in feed conversion.

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