scholarly journals Chemical, Nutritional and Antioxidant Characteristics of Different Food Seeds

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 1589 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lacrimioara Senila ◽  
Emilia Neag ◽  
Oana Cadar ◽  
Melinda Haydee Kovacs ◽  
Anca Becze ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Protein Content ◽  
Methyl Esters ◽  
Lipid Extraction ◽  
Omega 3 ◽  
Hemp Seed ◽  
Chromatography Analysis ◽  
Total Fatty Acids ◽  
Antioxidant Characteristics

The objective of this study was to determine the chemical composition of five different food seeds (sunflower, poppy, hemp, flax and sesame) regarding fatty acid, mineral (Fe, Cu, Zn, Na, Mg, K, Ca, Al) and protein content. In addition, the total antioxidant capacity of the seeds was evaluated using the photochemiluminescent assay. The food seeds were subjected to lipid extraction and converted into fatty acid methyl esters before the gas chromatography analysis. In all food seeds, the saturated (SFAs), monounsaturated (MUFAs) and polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) were identified, respectively. PUFAs were the most abundant fatty acids (61.2% ± 0.07% and 84.8% ± 0.08% of total fatty acids), with the highest content in flax and hemp seed oil. Also, high amounts of omega-3 from PUFAs were determined in flax and hempseed oil. Based on the obtained results the sunflower, sesame and poppy seeds are good sources of omega-6, while flax and hemp seeds are good sources of omega-3. All samples are rich in minerals (Na, K, Ca, Mg) and have more than 20% protein content.

Chloroplast Fatty Acid Composition in Mediterranean Populations of the Marine Chlorophyte, Anadyomene stellata

2000 ◽  
Vol 55 (7-8) ◽  
pp. 569-575 ◽  
Author(s):  
Debra L. Bemis ◽  
Vassilios Roussis ◽  
Constantinios Vagias ◽  
Robert S. Jacobs
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Acid Composition ◽  
Fatty Acid Methyl Esters ◽  
Methyl Esters ◽  
Florida Keys ◽  
Mediterranean Populations ◽  
Total Fatty Acids ◽  
Of Greece

Abstract Chloroplasts isolated from three populations of the tropical marine Chlorophyte Anadyomene stellata collected off the coast of Greece were analyzed for their fatty acid composition. Following the preparation of fatty acid methyl esters, GC-MS (El) was utilized to identify the fatty acids present in each population. Including isomers, the fatty acid profile of all three algal populations was comprised of 19 fatty acids (4 saturated, 6 monounsaturated, 9 polyunsaturated) with palmitic acid present in the highest amounts (25-27% of total fatty acids). Analysis of variance revealed significant differences amongst the three populations in the percent of total fatty acids for twelve of the fatty acids. High levels of C20 PUFAs, an atypical observation in Chlorophytes, were observed in all three populations comprising approximately 17% of total fatty acids. Furthermore a 14:2 PUFA , apparently rare in marine macrophytic Chlorophytes, was identified in significant quantities. Surprisingly, we did not find any of the conjugated tetraene containing fatty acids that we previously identified in the A. stellata populations studied from the Florida Keys.

scholarly journals Novel methodologies for assessing omega-3 fatty acid status – a systematic review

2012 ◽  
Vol 107 (S2) ◽  
pp. S53-S63 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mario Klingler ◽  
Berthold Koletzko
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Biological Markers ◽  
Lipid Extraction ◽  
Chain Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid ◽  
Omega 3 ◽  
Fatty Acid Status ◽  
Membrane Phospholipids ◽  
Acid Status

Over the last few decadesn-3 long chain polyunsaturated fatty acid status became of special interest for scientists. Biochemical measures on then-3 fatty acid status vary depending on body compartment assessed and measures chosen. Plasma phospholipids and red blood cell membrane phospholipids are mainly used asn-3 fatty acid status marker. The conventional analysis of phospholipid fatty acids involves lipid extraction and consecutive chromatographic separation of phospholipids from other lipid fractions, which is time-consuming and costly. In recent years, different investigators have tried to overcome these limitations by using other biological markers or by modifying the analytical procedures used to assessn-3 fatty acid status. The aim of this systematic review was to provide an overview on these novel analytical methods developed for the fatty acid quantification by gas chromatography, highlights the methodological limitations, and discusses advantages or disadvantages of the biological markers used. Seventeen papers were identified that fulfilled the inclusion criteria. New opportunities arise from sensitive and precise high-throughput methodologies for assessment of plasma total lipid and plasma glycerophospholipid fatty acids, as well as cheek cell fatty acid composition.

scholarly journals Changes in Erythrocyte Omega-3 Fatty Acids in German Employees upon Dietary Advice by Corporate Health

Nutrients ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (11) ◽  
pp. 3267
Author(s):  
Dietrich Rein ◽  
Matthias Claus ◽  
Wolfgang Frosch ◽  
Winfried März ◽  
Stefan Lorkowski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Dietary Advice ◽  
Omega 3 ◽  
Dietary Recommendations ◽  
Working Population ◽  
Rich Food ◽  
Epa And Dha ◽  
Total Fatty Acids

Background: The erythrocyte ratio of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) over total fatty acids, the omega-3 index (O3I), has been suggested as an overall health marker and to motivate corporate health recommendations. We set out to assess the O3I status in a working population, the differences between normal and rotating shift employees, the consumption of omega-3 rich food and whether recommendations to increase intake of omega-3 rich foods can improve the O3I. Methods: Employees registered for their occupational health check-up were offered to participate in a pre-post study at the Ludwigshafen (Germany) site including an assessment of their O3I at baseline and after 4 months (follow-up) and two subsequent food frequency questionnaires. For those with O3I below 8%, a recommendation was provided to increase the intake of omega-3 fatty acid rich food and to take advantage of the employees’ catering service with its enhanced fatty seafood offer during the study period. Dietary intake of EPA and DHA, erythrocyte fatty acid profiles, clinical and lifestyle parameters were assessed. Results: In 500 employees (26.6% female, 21–64 years, median age: 47 years [IQR: 37–53]), at baseline the overall mean O3I was 4.1 ± 1.1% (99.6% of O3I assessed were below 8%), higher in women, in participants with “normal” body weight, upper employment grade, and non-smokers, but not different between regular and rotating shift workers. The three fifths of the cohort also participating in the follow-up increased their EPA and DHA intake by 0.1 g/d and their O3I by 0.5 percentage points. Conclusion: This study provides essential data on omega-3 erythrocyte concentrations in a clinically healthy German working population and the challenges of increasing the O3I with dietary recommendations even in study participants motivated to follow up on their omega-3 status.

The alpha-linolenic Acid Content of Green Vegetables Commonly Available in Australia

2001 ◽  
Vol 71 (4) ◽  
pp. 223-228 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christine Pereira ◽  
Duo Li ◽  
Andrew J. Sinclair
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Linolenic Acid ◽  
Acid Composition ◽  
Acid Content ◽  
Omega 3 ◽  
Alpha Linolenic Acid ◽  
Brussels Sprouts ◽  
Total Fatty Acids

Green vegetable consumption has long been considered to have health benefits mainly due to the vitamins, minerals and phytonutrients (such as vitamin C, folate, antioxidants etc) contained in a vegetable-rich diet. Additionally, green vegetables are known to contain a relatively high proportion of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), primarily in the form of alpha-linolenic acid (18:3n-3). However, there are no data available on the fatty acid composition and concentration of green vegetables commonly consumed in Australia. The present study determined the fatty acid content of 11 green vegetables that are commonly available in Australia. The total fatty acid concentrations of the vegetables under study ranged from 44 mg/100 g wet weight in Chinese cabbage to 372 mg/100 g in watercress. There were three PUFAs in all vegetables analyzed; these were 16:3n-3, 18:2n-6, and 18:3n-3 fatty acids. Sample vegetables contained significant quantities of 16:3n-3 and 18:3n-3, ranging from 23 to 225 mg/100g. Watercress and mint contained the highest amounts of 16:3n-3 and 18:3n-3, and parsley had the highest amount of 18:2n-6 in both percentage composition and concentration. Mint had the highest concentration of 18:3n-3 with a value of 195 mg/100 g, while watercress contained the highest concentration of 16:3n-3 at 45 mg/100 g. All 11 green vegetables contained a high proportion of PUFAs, ranging from 59 to 72% of total fatty acids. The omega-3 PUFA composition ranged from 40 to 62% of total fatty acids. Monounsaturated fatty acid composition was less than 6% of total fatty acids. The proportion of saturated fatty acids ranged from 21% in watercress and mint to 32% of total fatty acids in Brussels sprouts. No eicosapentaenoic and docosahexaenoic acids were detected in any of the samples. Consumption of green vegetables could contribute to 18:3n-3 PUFA intake, especially for vegetarian populations.

scholarly journals Analysis Fatty Acids Profile in Tabanus bivittatus Mats with Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry

2015 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 113-118
Author(s):  
Wang Yanhua ◽  
Wu Fuhua ◽  
Guo Zhaohan ◽  
Peng Mingxing ◽  
Xia Min ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Palmitoleic Acid ◽  
Unsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Methyl Esters ◽  
Soxhlet Extraction ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Chemical Components ◽  
Fatty Acids Profile ◽  
Total Fatty Acids

Tabanus bivittatus Mats., a traditional Chinese medicine, is commonly used for cardiovascular disorders treatment including atherosclerosis. There have been only a few researches on its chemical components, and no detailed report has appeared on its fatty acids. To develop a simple and effective method for the extraction of total fatty acids from Tabanus bivittatus Mats., the Soxhlet extraction (SE) condition was optimized with response surface methodology. The fatty acid composition of the extract were determined by GC-MS with previous derivatization to fatty acid methyl esters (FAMEs). The major fatty acids in Tabanus bivittatus Mats. were oleic acid, palmitic acid, linoleic acid, palmitoleic acid, and stearic acid, and the unsaturated fatty acids occupy 63.9% of the total fatty acids.

scholarly journals Fatty Acid Composition of the Lipids from Atlantic Salmon—Comparison of Two Extraction Methods without Halogenated Solvents

Foods ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 73
Author(s):  
Jordan T. Nechev ◽  
Guro K. Edvinsen ◽  
Karl-Erik Eilertsen
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Atlantic Salmon ◽  
Acid Composition ◽  
Lipid Extraction ◽  
Methyl Tert Butyl Ether ◽  
Omega 3 ◽  
Butyl Ether ◽  
Halogenated Solvents

The scope of this paper was to apply two recently developed methods for lipid extraction: the methyl tert-butyl ether (MTBE) method and the BUME method. These two methods do not include halogenated solvents, which makes them less hazardous to the environment, less toxic, and needed in less volume compared to the standard methods for lipid extraction. Fatty acid composition of the lipids from Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar Linnæus, 1758) was obtained by both procedures. The methods were effective and thirty-three fatty acids were identified. The amounts of the omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids obtained by the MTBE method were found to be similar to the overall mean values observed in farmed salmon. The yield of the total lipids obtained by the BUME method was 13% lower. Although the methods involved different solvents, they showed similar fatty acids profile of the lipids from Atlantic salmon. Both methods were validated and some practical challenges were discussed.

scholarly journals FATTY-ACID COMPOSITION OF WINTER CAMELINA DEPENDING ON THE REGION OF CULTIVATION

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (24) ◽  
pp. 152-160
Author(s):  
T.Ya. Prakhova ◽  
◽  
E.L. Turina ◽  
V.A. Prakhov ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Linolenic Acid ◽  
Coefficient Of Variation ◽  
Methyl Esters ◽  
Total Content ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Omega 3 ◽  
Cultivation Conditions ◽  
The Crimea

Camelina sylvestris (L.) Crantz. is a valuable oilseed known due to the vegetable oil used in human nutrition and industrial production. The current research is aimed to assess the content of fatty acids in Camelina sylvestris oilseeds depending on the hydrothermal cultivation conditions. Seeds of winter camelina variety ‘Penzyak’ grown in the Penza region and steppe Crimea in 2017–2019 served as the object of the research. In 2017, arid conditions were recorded in the Crimea, Selyaninov Hydrothermal Coefficient (HTC) = 0.61. In the Penza region, on the contrary, the level of moisture in 2017 was moderate, HTC = 1.10. Weather conditions in 2019 were characterized as arid in both regions; HTC was 0.63 and 0.60. In 2018, in the Crimea and Penza, HTC was 0.23 and 0.45, respectively. The soils of the experimental plots – chernozems leached (Penza) and southern low-humic (Crimea). Fatty acid methyl esters were isolated and analyzed according to GOST R 51 486–99. The concentration of oleic and linoleic acids increased in seeds grown in the Crimea and amounted to 15.50–18.56 % and 18.08–19.58 %. In the colder region (Penza), the content of these acids decreased to 11.90–14.82 and 16.12–17.10 %, respectively. The highest content of linolenic acid was in oilseeds from the Penza region and amounted to 36.80–38.50 %, which was 4.94–6.40 % higher than the content of linolenic acid in oilseeds from the Crimea. The content of erucic acid in the Camelina sylvestris (L.) Crantz. from both regions was 2.81–2.94 %. The coefficient of variation of this acid was 1.59 %. Linolenic and oleic acids are the most susceptible to changes in cultivation conditions, coefficient of variation – 10.08 and 16.32 %, respectively. The total content of polyunsaturated fatty acids was high and averaged 52.4–54.6 %. The highest concentration was noted in oilseeds from Penza, which exceeded that of from the Crimea by 2.2 %. The content of ω-9 fatty acids ranged from 33.7 % (Penza) to 35.9 % (Crimea) and was characterized by a low coefficient of variation – 4.14 %. The range of variation of ω-3 and ω-6 acid, on average, was 6.32–7.81 %. Their content was 31.5 and 20.9 % in oilseeds from the Crimea and 35.5 and 19.1 % in oilseeds from Penza. The ratio between omega-6 and omega-3 acids is 1.8:1.

180 FATTY ACID COMPOSITION IN FOLLICULAR FLUID OF PREPUBERTAL GOAT OVARIES IN WINTER AND AUTUMN

2015 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 181
Author(s):  
M. T. Paramio ◽  
M. Roura ◽  
S. Hammami ◽  
D. Izquierdo ◽  
M. G. Catalá
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Embryo Development ◽  
Follicular Fluid ◽  
Oocyte Quality ◽  
Blastocyst Stage ◽  
Omega 3 ◽  
Chromatography Analysis ◽  
Sperm Penetration

Fatty acids (FA) in follicular fluid (FF) play an important role on oocyte quality and embryo development (Fouladi-Nashta et al. 2007 Biol. Reprod. 77, 9–17). In our laboratory, we have shown in prepubertal goat differences in the percentage of blastocysts produced in vitro according to season. Thus, we have found in winter 15.8% and in autumn a decrease up to 4.7% of blastocysts that were produced from oocytes of 1 month old suckling Murciano-Granadina goat females and IVF with fresh semen. The aim of this study was to analyse composition of FF in order to find an explanation to seasonal changes in in vitro embryo production. Ovaries were recovered in winter and autumn from 1 month suckling goats (Murciano-Granadina) from a local slaughterhouse and the FF of all visible follicles was recovered using a sterile syringe. Each sample containing a pool of FF of different ovaries was frozen at –80°C until chromatography analysis. For the FA analysis, the Sukhija and Palmquist (1988 J. Agric. Food Chem. 36, 1202–1206) protocol with some adaptations was used. Briefly, 200 μL of FF sample was vortexed for 60 s with 250 μL of toluene and 1 mL of HCL (5%) and then warmed in a water bath for 1 h at 70°C. Subsequently 1.25 mL of K2CO3 (12%) and 500 μL of toluene was added, vortexed for 30 s and centrifuged for 5 min (3000 rpm). Finally the supernatant was recovered and dried with Na2SO4. The extracted samples were maintained in –20°C until gas chromatographic analysis (123–2362, Agilent Technologies Inc., Santa Clara, CA). The results in Table 1 express the mean of 3 replicates of follicular fluid pool as micromolar concentration of FA in FF. The FA profile in FF showed significant higher concentrations of α-linolenic (C18:3n3), eicosapentaenoic (EPA), docosahexaenoic (DHA), and omega-3 (n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid; PUFA) in winter compared to autumn. This could be indicating that these PUFA have a positive effect on oocyte quality because of the higher embryo development of these oocytes during winter. Studies in our laboratory have shown that sperm penetration and normal zygotes were similar in both seasons even though the blastocyst yield was statistically higher in winter. We can speculate that fatty acids in the follicular environment are affecting the oocyte quality, increasing the possibility of reaching the blastocyst stage in prepubertal goat according to season. Further studies should be done to reach a more accurate conclusion. Table 1.Concentration (µM) of fatty acids in FF of prepubertal goat during winter and autumn (3 replicates)

scholarly journals Omega-3 fatty acid composition of chicken plasma fed diets varying in LA to ALA ratio

2021 ◽  
Vol 902 (1) ◽  
pp. 012012
Author(s):  
L R Kartikasari ◽  
R J Hughes ◽  
M S Geier ◽  
R A Gibson
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Basal Diet ◽  
Omega 3 ◽  
Alpha Linolenic Acid ◽  
Total N ◽  
Total Fatty Acids ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Total Pufa

Abstract The impact of dietary supplementation of a vegetable source of n-3 fat in the form of alpha-linolenic acid (ALA, 18:3n-3) on the accumulation of n-3 fatty acids in plasma chicken was investigated. Sixty unsexed one-day-old broiler chickens were randomly allocated to six diets (n=10 birds/diet) for 4 weeks. The birds were fed a proprietary starter commercial feed for the first two days after hatch. Six dietary treatments ranging in fat content from 5 to 10% were prepared by supplementing the basal diet with vegetable oils. The ALA levels varied from 1 to 8% energy (%en). The n-6 fatty acid linoleic acid (LA, 18:2n-6) level was limited to less than 5%en. Results showed that the metabolites of dietary ALA, EPA, DPA, and DHA in plasma tissues increased in a curvilinear manner as dietary ALA increased, achieving 3- to 13-fold compared to the levels in the control birds (P<0.001). The total PUFA content of plasma samples increased (P<0.001) due to increasing the diets’ ALA content, achieving 41.20% of the total fatty acids when the LA to ALA ratio of diets was at the lowest level. The increase in total PUFA was mainly due to an increase in total n-3 PUFA.

scholarly journals Use of the fatty acid profile as a chemotaxonomic marker for diatoms from the genus Nitzschia Hassall of the salt lakes of Mongolia

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 295-297
Author(s):  
Y. I. Maltsev ◽  
Z. V. Krivova ◽  
S. Y. Maltseva ◽  
M. S. Kulikovskiy
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Omega 3 ◽  
Statistical Support ◽  
Omega 6 ◽  
Total Fatty Acids ◽  
Chemotaxonomic Marker ◽  
High Statistical Support

New diatom strains of Nitzschia were isolated from phytoplankton and benthos of saltwater lakes inMongolia. The strains were identified based on morphological characteristics and phylogenetic analysis using the 18SrDNA gene. The new strains have been included into the Bacillariales clade with a high statistical support. Analysis ofthe fatty acid composition of the studied strains showed that 16:0 palmitic, 18:0 stearic, and 16:1 palmitoleic acids weredominant – they accounted for up to 97.5 % of the total fatty acids. New strains of Nitzschia from Mongolian lakes showedthe minimum content of polyunsaturated fatty acids, including omega-3 and omega-6. Taking into account the peculiaritiesof the profiles of fatty acids, and primarily the amount of saturated and monounsaturated acids, new strains of Nitzschiacan be considered for biotechnological use as a potential raw material for the production of biofuel.

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