scholarly journals Ultrastructural Variations of Antennae and Labia Are Associated with Feeding Habit Shifts in Stink Bugs (Heteroptera: Pentatomidae)

Biology ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 1161
Author(s):  
Xinyu Li ◽  
Li Tian ◽  
Hu Li ◽  
Wanzhi Cai
Keyword(s):  
Population Control ◽  
Feeding Habits ◽  
Food Selection ◽  
Strong Association ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Feeding Habit ◽  
Stink Bugs ◽  
Morphological Variations ◽  
Tight Association ◽  
Mandibular Teeth

The family Pentatomidae (stink bugs) is one of the largest groups in Heteroptera, containing many important pests and natural enemies. They exhibit highly diversified feeding habits and related structural modifications, but the key morphological characteristics associated with feeding habit radiation remain unclear. In the current study, we address this question by analyzing morphological variations of feeding related organs. We compare the ultrastructures of antennae and mouthparts across the chosen 17 species in Pentatomidae, representing both plant feeders and predators from four subfamilies. A strong association between ultrastructural adaptation and feeding habit transition has been revealed. The long, sharp, and hook-like mandibular teeth and maxillary barbs are exclusively present in predatory Pentatomidae, suggesting their tight association with the shift of feeding habit from phytophagy to predation. Significant differences between phytophagous and predatory species are also found in antennal and labial sensilla types and arrangements, implying their important function in food selection. Our data identify a series of key morphological structures associated with feeding habit variations among stink bugs, which will facilitate future studies on adaptive evolution of feeding habits, utilization, and population control of economic species in Pentatomidae as well as in other heteropteran lineages.

Bionomic of Anopheles sp. in Merauke District, Papua

SCISCITATIO ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Djoko Rahardjo ◽  
Vinsa Cantya Prakasita ◽  
Marlen Aviati Sarah Pepiana
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Data ◽  
Feeding Habits ◽  
Feeding Activity ◽  
Feeding Habit ◽  
Blood Type ◽  
Insect Repellent ◽  
Mosquito Repellent ◽  
Mosquito Nets ◽  
Community Behavior ◽  
Habitual Behavior

Malaria is known as an endemic disease that often causes death in Indonesia, especially in Papua. The malaria cases control in Papua has not been carried on based on data studies, therefore bionomic of Anopheles sp is important to be studied. Bionomics data are consisted of breeding places, resting places and feeding habits are from direct observation. Interviews and questionnaires were conducted to gain information about respondent behavior. Descriptive and qualitative data were then analyzed. The breeding places of Anopheles sp. were mostly found in swampy areas. Based on the feeding habit, the feeding activity of Anopheles sp. inside the house has only one biting peak at 23.00-02.00 WIT, while outside the house, biting peaks occurred at 21.00-22.00 WIT and 00.00-01.00 WIT. Resting place data shown that Anopheles sp. mostly found in piles of clothes and shoe racks. Recorded factors that affect mosquitos bionomics are temperature, humidity, salinity, pH, community behavior, and the presence of livestock. Environmental factors (temperature, humidity, salinity, and pH), habitual behavior of host (3M action, the habit of using insect repellent, mosquito repellent, and mosquito nets), the presence of livestock, and the type of bait blood type affect mosquito activity.

scholarly journals Morphological Variations of Robusta Coffee As a Response to Different Altitude in Lampung

2019 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
pp. 103-118
Author(s):  
Erwin Prastowo ◽  
Rina Arimarsetiowati
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Fruit Weight ◽  
Leaf Length ◽  
Qualitative Variable ◽  
Morphological Variations ◽  
Agronomic Practices ◽  
Robusta Coffee ◽  
Length Width ◽  
Key Issues

The coffee growth is considered to depend, partly, on the environmental condition at which they develop to accomplish both vegetative and generative stages. An exploratory survey in Lampung aimed at investigating the morphological characteristics of 13 Robusta coffee accessions growing on different altitudes.Local superior coffee clones were selected from eight farms, and subjected to identifications. Three key issues were concerned for both quantitatively, i.e. plant components of leaves, branches, and fruits, and qualitatively such as leaves and fruit characteristics, i.e. colour and shape. The analysis shows a similarity of about 60% of total qualitative variable identified among different accessions. The remaining characters are suggested to be more varying such as flush colour, leaf surface, ripe fruit colour, and stipule shape. Furthermore, a quantitative analysis showed a higher level of similarity for fruit characters, i.e. fruit length, -width, and -thickness, and to a slightly lower level for leaf characteristics, i.e. leaf length and -width, and number of productive branches. It was revealed that some variables, i.e. fruit weight; leaf and seed; and canopy characteristics, explaining the morphological variation of coffee throughout the accessions. Furthermore, cluster analysis may indicated a possible similarity of coffee morphologies either from area with different or the same environmental conditions. A high heterogeneity related to environmental conditions, genotypic variations, plant nutritional status, and agronomic practices, which unable to confirm in the present study, may limit the specific conclusions.

scholarly journals Variasi Morfologi Bambu Tali [Gigantochloa apus (Schult.F.) Kurz.] pada berbagai ketinggian tempat di Sub Daerah Aliran Sungai Pelus

Biosfera ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 42 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tria Fauzi Prabandani Hakim ◽  
Pudji Widodo ◽  
Eming Sudiana
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Blade ◽  
Morphological Character ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Close Correlation ◽  
Sea Levels ◽  
Morphological Variations ◽  
Blade Length ◽  
Central Java ◽  
Altitudinal Difference ◽  
Difference Effect

A study on the morphological variation of tali bamboo [Gigantochloa apus (Schult.f.) Kurz] has been conducted at various altitudes of Sub Watershed Pelus Banyumas, Central Java. This study was aimed at determining the morphological variations in relation to altitudes above sea levels. The method used was survey with stratified sampling.  The variables measured included culm diameter, culm internode length, culm sheath length and width, ovate-triangular blade length and width, leaf blade length and width, stem color and hairs, and altitude. The results of this study indicated that the altitudinal difference effect some morphological characteristics of tali bamboos such as: 1) green young seedling with black hairs found at 200-299 m and 300-399 m asl. 2) morphological variations are effected by altitude. Tali bamboo grows optimally at the altitude of 400 to 499 m asl. The results of regression analysis showed that the altitude has a relatively close correlation with somes of morphological character of tali bamboo.

scholarly journals Seasonal Occurence of Food and Feeding Habit of Labeo bata(Hamilton) (Cypriniformes : Cyprinidae)

2015 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 7-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Md. Abdur Razzaq Joadder
Keyword(s):  
Food Habits ◽  
Feeding Habits ◽  
Feeding Habit ◽  
Water Bodies ◽  
Feeding Intensity ◽  
Higher Plant ◽  
Plant Parts ◽  
Labeo Bata ◽  
Food And Feeding ◽  
Potential Food

Food and feeding habits of fishes have a great significance in aquaculture practices. It helps to select such species of fishes for culture which will utilize all the available potential food of the water bodies without much competition with one another but will live in association with other fishes. This paper deals with the feeding intensity and food habits of L. bata . Food and feeding habit of freshwater minor carp Labeo bata (120 to 250 mm total length) were studied. The fish is a herbivore, feeding mainly on algae (22.32 %), higher plant parts (31.26 %), protozoans (7.42 %), crustaceans (15.33 %), insects (3.56 %), muds, sand, debris and detritus (16.32 %) and unidentified food materials (3.99%).Journal of Science Foundation, 2014;12(1):7-15

scholarly journals Studies on the Food and Feeding Habits of Swamp Deer (Rucervus duvaucelii duvaucelii) in Jhilmil Jheel Conservation Reserve, Haridwar, Uttarakhand, India

ISRN Zoology ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Tewari ◽  
G. S. Rawat
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Food Habits ◽  
Ecological Study ◽  
Feeding Habits ◽  
Feeding Habit ◽  
Major Objective ◽  
Quadrat Method ◽  
Food And Feeding ◽  
Swamp Deer ◽  
Land Use Practices

Food habits of the swamp deer (Rucervus duvaucelii duvaucelii) were studied in and around Jhilmil Jheel Conservation Reserve (JJCR), Uttarakhand, for two years. This population (320 in number) was recently rediscovered in the state (2005) and warranted an ecological study because the habitat around this study area is heavily fragmented due to expansion of agriculture, habitation, and various other land use practices. Therefore, this study was initiated by the major objective of studying seasonal variation in food habits of swamp deer. Proportionate food consumption was studied using feeding quadrat method. The study reveals that the overall diet of swamp deer consisted mainly of graminoids (grasses and sedges) and herbs (terrestrial and aquatic). In the protected areas studied earlier, the swamp deer habitat was dominated by grasses, and hence they were reported to be predominantly a grazer who occasionally fed on aquatic plants (Schaller 1967 and others). In contrast, at Jhilmil, the area also has equal presence of other plant types namely, sedges and terrestrial herbs. This resulted in polyphagous feeding habit of animal here.

scholarly journals Morphological variability of acorns and its taxonomic significance in Quercus. from Turkey

2015 ◽  
Vol 43 (3) ◽  
pp. 293-299 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y Bakis ◽  
MT Babaç
Keyword(s):  
Principal Component Analysis ◽  
Morphological Variability ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Component Analysis ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Taxonomic Significance ◽  
Morphological Variations ◽  
Quercus Species ◽  
Different Populations

Morphological variations of acorn among and within the groups of Quercus species were studied. A total of 617 acorns belonging to 14 species representing all 3 sections of Quercus L. (Fagaceae) in Turkey were examined in this study. Specimens were collected from 47 different populations over both Anatolian and Thrace part of Turkey. Principal component analysis was used to analyze the morphological characteristics of acorns. Results obtained from this study demonstrate the use of morphological characters in differentiating the taxa of Quercus and Cerris sections studied. Another important finding is the introgression among the acorns of species within Quercus section DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjb.v43i3.21601 Bangladesh J. Bot. 43(3): 293-299, 2014 (December)

scholarly journals Morphological characteristics of the digestive tract of Schizodon knerii (Steindachner, 1875), (Characiformes: Anostomidae): An anatomical, histological and histochemical study

2015 ◽  
Vol 87 (2) ◽  
pp. 867-878 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcella L. Dos Santos ◽  
Fábio P. Arantes ◽  
Kleber B. Santiago ◽  
José E. Dos Santos
Keyword(s):  
Digestive Tract ◽  
Squamous Epithelium ◽  
Feeding Habits ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Goblet Cells ◽  
Taste Buds ◽  
Mucous Cells ◽  
Pyloric Region ◽  
Mucosal Cells ◽  
Stratified Squamous Epithelium

The digestive tracts of 44 specimens of Schizodon knerii were studied using anatomical, histological and histochemical techniques. The mouth has terminal position, the lip epithelium is squamous stratified with mucous, claviform cells and taste buds, teeth have an incisive form and the tongue has a stratified squamous epithelium with mucous cells and taste buds. The oropharynx cavity is formed by gill apparatus and pharyngeal teeth. The oesophagus presented pleated mucosa, a stratified squamous epithelium with mucous cells, oesophageal glands and taste buds. The stomach presented cardiac, fundic and pyloric regions, simple prismatic epithelium with tubular glands, with none in the pyloric region. The intestine contains 11-15 pyloric caeca, a simple prismatic epithelium with brush border, goblet cells and lymphocytes. Mucosal cells, oesophageal glands and goblet cells reacted positively to PAS, amylase + PAS, Ab pH 2.5 and Ab pH 0.5. Gastric prismatic cells reacted positively to PAS, amylase + PAS, but only those in the pyloric region reacted positively to Ab pH 2.5 and Ab pH 0.5. The results improve the understanding of the anatomy of S. knerii feeding habits and the presence of mucosubstances in the epithelium, highlights the importance of glycoproteins for passing food through the digestive tract.

COMPARATIVE MORPHOLOGY OF THE OVIPOSITOR OF SOME PARASITIC HYMENOPTERA IN RELATION TO CHARACTERISTICS OF THEIR HOSTS

1996 ◽  
Vol 128 (3) ◽  
pp. 413-433 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Le Ralec ◽  
J.M. Rabasse ◽  
E. Wajnberg
Keyword(s):  
Correspondence Analysis ◽  
Morphological Traits ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Comparative Morphology ◽  
Interspecific Variation ◽  
Morphological Variations ◽  
Parasitic Hymenoptera ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Host Characteristics

AbstractAlthough the structure of the ovipositor of parasitic Hymenoptera is largely uniform, interspecific variation in its morphology can be observed. Such variability may be related to the diversity of hosts attacked. To verify such an hypothesis, we compared, using correspondence analysis, the morphological characteristics of the ovipositors of 20 species in three categories: (i) species belonging to the same taxonomic unit and attacking the same type of host, (ii) species belonging to the same taxonomic unit but attacking different types of host, and (iii) species belonging to different taxonomic units but attacking the same type of host. Results show that variability in some morphological traits of the ovipositor can be related to host characteristics. Adaptive convergence in morphological variations observed between species is discussed.

scholarly journals Feeding habits of the Cichlid Chromidotilapia guntheri (Sauvage, 1882) in some hydrosystems of Ivory Coast

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 18
Author(s):  
Charles Koffi BOUSSOU ◽  
Gustave N’guessan ALIKO ◽  
Mexmin Koffi KONAN ◽  
Felix Koffi KONAN
Keyword(s):  
Content Analysis ◽  
Stomach Content ◽  
Ivory Coast ◽  
Feeding Habits ◽  
Feeding Strategy ◽  
Stomach Content Analysis ◽  
Trophic Niche ◽  
Feeding Habit ◽  
Ontogenetic Shift ◽  
It Practices

The feeding habit of Chromidotilapia guntheri was investigated in seven hydrosystems of Ivory Coast. The contents of 156 non-empty stomachs were examined from specimens caught in the rivers Soumié, Eholié, Noé, Ehania and Banco, the Bea rill and the Kpoda lake. Diets composition, feeding strategy and trophic niche width were analyzed among hydrosystems. Stomach content analysis indicated that C. guntheri feeds preferentially on plants and insects debris and secondarily, it consumed insects’ larvae, nymphs and adults in all habitats. This species would be an omnivorous with a detritivorous tendency. As feeding strategy, it practices a generalist strategy even if some individuals displayed specialization intentions on insects at different stages of metamorphosis. Investigations on ontogenetic shift revealed that juveniles and adults of C. guntheri consume substantially the same types of prey with varying amounts depending on the size of the fish. However there is a significant decrease in the proportions of gastropods and oligochaetes ingested when growing.

Comparative foregut functional morphology of three co-occurring mysids (Crustacea: Mysidacea) from south-eastern Tasmania

1994 ◽  
Vol 74 (2) ◽  
pp. 323-336 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ephrime B. Metillo ◽  
David A. Ritz
Keyword(s):  
Functional Morphology ◽  
Feeding Habits ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Strong Relationship ◽  
Feeding Habit ◽  
Gut Contents ◽  
Depth Of Field ◽  
Internal Arrangement ◽  
Scanning Electron

Studies of mysid diets by gut contents analysis have generally revealed a broadly omnivorous feeding habit, but there are also tendencies towards carnivory, herbivory and/or detritivory (e.g. Nath & Pillai, 1973; Siegfried & Kopache, 1980; Mauchline, 1980; Zagursky & Feller, 1985; Wooldridge & Bailey, 1982; Webb & Wooldridge, 1989). Examination of feeding structures is also necessary to support inferences about feeding ecology (e.g. Webb & Wooldridge, 1989). However, there have been few studies relating to the functional morphology of mysid foreguts (Gelderd, 1909; Haffer, 1965; Nath & Pillai, 1973; Mauchline, 1980; Friesen et al., 1986; Webb & Wooldridge, 1989; Storch, 1989). With the exception of the latter two studies, qualitative descriptions and characterization of the different internal foregut structures have been primarily based on light microscopy. These studies may misinterpret the internal arrangement, topography, and three-dimensional orientation of the internal armature of the foregut, mainly due to problems with depth of field (Grice & Lawson, 1971). Oshel & Steele (1988), from SEM observations, briefly described some foregut features of Gnathophausia ingens. In a comparative study, Storch (1989), using the techniques of transmission and scanning electron microscopy, described in detail the different food chambers and channels, cuticular ridges, and ultrastructure of the epithelial and cuticular linings of the mysid foregut. Webb & Wooldridge (1989) noted the strong relationship between mouthparts, foregut morphology, and the feeding habits of two co-occurring mysids.

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