scholarly journals Transgenerational Effects of Hexavalent Chromium on Marine Medaka (Oryzias melastigma) Reveal Complex Transgenerational Adaptation in Offspring

Biomolecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 138
Author(s):  
Xiaomin Ni ◽  
Yingjia Shen
Keyword(s):  
Hexavalent Chromium ◽  
Physiological Adaptation ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Transgenerational Effects ◽  
Marine Medaka ◽  
Metal Pollutants ◽  
Toxicological Effects ◽  
Oryzias Melastigma ◽  
Living Organisms ◽  
Heavy Metal Pollutants

Hexavalent chromium [Cr(VI)] pollution is one of most serious heavy metal pollutants in the coastal area and posed serious threats to marine organisms and human beings. Many studies have been conducted on its toxicological effects on living organisms from morphological to physiological aspects. However, there are few studies about the transgenerational toxicological of Cr(VI). In this study, we exposed adult marine medaka fishes with Cr(VI) and their offspring with Cr(VI) to examine transgenerational effects of Cr(VI). We found that there were mechanisms such as changing reproduction modes in males to compensate for impacts on the reproduction. There were differences and similarities between the parental effect and the environmental effect, with the former one causing more serious adverse effects on the offspring of Cr(VI)-exposed fish. It was noteworthy that there was an interaction between the parental and offspring treatment which leads to the attenuation of the parental effects on offspring when the offspring also underwent the same treatment. In addition, physiological adaptation has also been observed in fish to improve their fitness. Overall, effects of Cr(VI) on fish and their offspring were studied to pave a way to study the of mechanisms of adaptation.

scholarly journals Application of nanoscale zero-valent iron in hexavalent chromium-contaminated soil: A review

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 736-750
Author(s):  
Xilu Chen ◽  
Xiaomin Li ◽  
Dandan Xu ◽  
Weichun Yang ◽  
Shaoyuan Bai
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Hexavalent Chromium ◽  
Contaminated Soil ◽  
Zero Valent Iron ◽  
Toxic Heavy Metal ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Metal Pollutants ◽  
Nanoscale Zero Valent Iron ◽  
Low Toxicity ◽  
Heavy Metal Pollutants

AbstractChromium (Cr) is a common toxic heavy metal that is widely used in all kinds of industries, causing a series of environmental problems. Nanoscale zero- valent iron (nZVI) is considered to be an ideal remediation material for contaminated soil, especially for heavy metal pollutants. As a material of low toxicity and good activity, nZVI has been widely applied in the in situ remediation of soil hexavalent chromium (Cr(vi)) with mobility and toxicity in recent years. In this paper, some current technologies for the preparation of nZVI are summarized and the remediation mechanism of Cr(vi)-contaminated soil is proposed. Five classified modified nZVI materials are introduced and their remediation processes in Cr(vi)-contaminated soil are summarized. Key factors affecting the remediation of Cr(vi)-contaminated soil by nZVI are studied. Interaction mechanisms between nZVI-based materials and Cr(vi) are explored. This study provides a comprehensive review of the nZVI materials for the remediation of Cr(vi)-contaminated soil, which is conducive to reducing soil pollution.

Highly sensitive detection of Cr(vi) in groundwater by bimetallic NiFe nanoparticles

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 1031-1037 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jingtao Liu ◽  
Yu Ding ◽  
Lifei Ji ◽  
Xin Zhang ◽  
Fengchun Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Hexavalent Chromium ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Sensitive Detection ◽  
Toxic Heavy Metal ◽  
Metal Pollutants ◽  
Highly Sensitive ◽  
Highly Sensitive Detection ◽  
Heavy Metal Pollutants

Hexavalent chromium (Cr(vi)) is one of the most toxic heavy metal pollutants in groundwater, and thus the detection of Cr(vi) with high sensitivity, accuracy, and simplicity and low cost is of great importance.

scholarly journals Humic Acid Promotes the Adsorption of Lead onto PSMPs: Site Energy Distribution Theory and Fluorescence Quenching Analysis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaotian Lu ◽  
Feng Zeng ◽  
Shuyin Wei ◽  
Rui Gao ◽  
Abliz Abdurahman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fluorescence Quenching ◽  
Energy Distribution ◽  
Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Distribution Analysis ◽  
Metal Pollutants ◽  
Toxicological Effects ◽  
Adsorption Sites ◽  
Site Energy ◽  
Quenching Analysis ◽  
Heavy Metal Pollutants

Abstract Microplastics (MPs) have a great potential to adsorb heavy metal pollutants such as Pb2+ and the dissolved organic matter(DOM) in the aquatic environment will affect this adsorption behavior. In this study, batch experiments were performed to investigate the adsorption characteristics of Pb2+ onto polystyrene microplastics (PSMPs) in the presence and absence of HA(a kind of representative DOM). The adsorption kinetics of Pb2+ onto PSMPs conformed to the pseudo-second order model, and the adsorption isotherms were well fitted by the Langmuir model. With the increase of HA concentration, the Pb2+ adsorption onto PSMPs increased. Site energy distribution analysis showed that the presence of HA increased the adsorption site energy of PSMPs, thus enhancing the adsorption capacity for Pb2+. The fluorescence quenching analysis of HA further indicated that part of HA were adsorbed onto PSMPs, which increased additional binding sites on the surface of PSMPs. This was attributed to the abundant functional groups that could react with Pb2+ of HA. The pH and ionic strength of solution changed the structure of HA and the adsorption sites of PSMPs, which influenced the adsorption capacity of PSMPs for Pb2+. This study illustrated the effect of HA on the process and mechanism of Pb2+ adsorption onto PSMPs, and provided more information for the evaluation of environmental behavior and toxicological effects of microplastics in aquatic environments.

The acute toxic effects of hexavalent chromium on the liver of marine medaka (Oryzias melastigma)

2020 ◽  
Vol 231 ◽  
pp. 108734 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaomin Ni ◽  
Lei Wan ◽  
Pingping Liang ◽  
Ruping Zheng ◽  
Zeyang Lin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hexavalent Chromium ◽  
Toxic Effects ◽  
Marine Medaka ◽  
Oryzias Melastigma ◽  
Acute Toxic

scholarly journals Factors That Determine the Sorption of Mineral Elements in Soils and Their Impact on Soil and Water Pollution

Minerals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 821
Author(s):  
Gerhardus Petrus Nortjé ◽  
Michiel Christiaan Laker
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Human Health ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Mineral Elements ◽  
Nutrient Regulation ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Metal Pollutants ◽  
Inorganic Substances ◽  
Living Organisms ◽  
Heavy Metal Pollutants

Soil is an essential ecosystem, delivering valuable services such as the provision of food, energy and raw materials, carbon sequestration, water purification and infiltration, nutrient regulation, pest control and recreation. Therefore, soil is crucial for fighting climate change, protecting human health, safeguarding biodiversity and ecosystems and ensuring food security. Pollution of the soil by organic and inorganic substances is, therefore, detrimental to ecosystem services and/or human health. Heavy metals at harmful concentrations are highly detrimental, and here, mining activities are one of the main sources of soil pollution. According to studies conducted, some of the major soil factors affecting mineral (including P) sorption are time, soil pH, soil organic matter and iron and aluminum oxides of soils. This paper looks at sources of mineral element pollution, including heavy metals, as heavy metals are toxic to all living organisms, including humans. This paper also reviews both cationic heavy metals and inorganic anionic pollutants, such as phosphate and arsenic, as well as cationic, non-heavy-metal pollutants such as nitrogen and potassium.

Water Pollution and Its Impact on Environment of Society

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Thyagaraju
Keyword(s):  
Water Pollution ◽  
Pollution Prevention ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
The Public ◽  
The Government ◽  
Living Organisms ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Biological Entities ◽  
Micro Organisms

The present seminar paper mainly highlight  the concept of  water pollution, causes of water pollution,  Its Effects, Elements of  pollutants, Methods  used to prevent the water pollution in environment  and the mandatory initiatives taken by the concerned authorities for prevention of  water pollution. Water   is essential for survival of all living organisms on the earth. Thus for human beings and plants to survive on land, water should be easily accessible. The term “Pollution” is generally refers to addition of any foreign body either living or non – living or deletion of anything that naturally exists. The basic Sources of Water pollution causes due to Culmination into lakes, rivers, ponds, seas, oceans etc. Domestic drainage and sanitary waste, Industrial drainage and sewage, Industrial waste from factories, Dumping of domestic garbage, Immersion of Idols made of plaster of Paris, Excess use of Insecticides , pesticides, fungicides, Chemical fertilizers, Soil erosion during heavy rains and floods, Natural disasters, tsunami etc. General pollutants  which are also caused for water pollution  which include Organic, Inorganic, and Biological entities, Insecticides, Pesticides, Disinfectants ,Detergents, Industrial solvents, Acids, Ammonia fertilizers, heavy metals, Harmful bacteria, Virus, Micro –Organisms and worms, Toxic chemicals. Agricultural lands become infertile and thereby production also drops, Spread of epidemic diseases like Cholera, Dysentery, Typhoid, Diarrhea, Hepatitis, Jaundice etc. The  basic responsibility of the Government, NGOs, National Pioneer scientific Research Institutions may conduct  research oriented programs on control of water pollution by create  awareness among the public through mass media and Environmental Education on recycling units,  and  water treatment plants must be established both at domestic levels and Industry levels, Every citizen must feel responsible to control water pollution. There have been many water pollution prevention acts that have been set up by the governments of the world. But these are not enough for permanent water pollution solutions. Each of us needs to take up the responsibility and do something at an everyday at individual level. Otherwise we can’t survive in a society forever in a future. 

scholarly journals Chiral Auxiliaries and Chirogenesis II

Symmetry ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (7) ◽  
pp. 1157
Author(s):  
Victor Borovkov
Keyword(s):  
Nuclear Physics ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Chiral Auxiliaries ◽  
Living Organisms

Chirality is an inevitable property of our Universe, having an enormous impact in different fields, ranging from nuclear physics and astronomy to living organisms and human beings [...]

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