scholarly journals Polysaccharide-Based Active Coatings Incorporated with Bioactive Compounds for Reducing Postharvest Losses of Fresh Fruits

Coatings ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 8
Author(s):  
Khursheed Ahmad Shiekh ◽  
Kittaporn Ngiwngam ◽  
Wirongrong Tongdeesoontorn
Keyword(s):  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Bioactive Compounds ◽  
Plant Extracts ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Moisture Loss ◽  
Cellulose Derivatives ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Coating Materials ◽  
Active Compounds ◽  
Plant Essential Oils

This review reports recently published research related to the application of polysaccharide-based biodegradable and edible coatings (BECs) fortified with bioactive compounds obtained from plant essential oils (EOs) and phenolic compounds of plant extracts. Combinations of polysaccharides such as starches, pectin, alginate, cellulose derivatives, and chitosan with active compounds obtained from clove, lemon, cinnamon, lavender, oregano, and peppermint have been documented as potential candidates for biologically active coating materials for retardation of quality changes in fresh fruits. Additionally, polysaccharide-based active coatings supplemented with plant extracts such as cashew leaves, pomegranate peel, red roselle, apple fiber, and green tea extracts rich in phenolic compounds and their derivatives have been reported to be excellent substituents to replace chemically formulated wax coatings. Moreover, EOs and plant polyphenolics including alcohols, aldehydes, ketones phenols, organic acids, terpenes, and esters contain hydroxyl functional groups that contribute bioactivity to BECs against oxidation and reduction of microbial load in fresh fruits. Therefore, BECs enriched with active compounds from EOs and plant extracts minimize physiological and microbial deterioration by reducing moisture loss, softening of flesh, ripening, and decay caused by pathogenic bacterial strains, mold, or yeast rots, respectively. As a result, shelf life of fresh fruits can be extended by employing active polysaccharide coatings supplemented with EOs and plant extracts prior to postharvest storage.

scholarly journals In Vitro Coliform Resistance to Bioactive Compounds in Urinary Infection, Assessed in a Lab Catheterization Model

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 4315
Author(s):  
Emanuel Vamanu ◽  
Laura Dorina Dinu ◽  
Cristina Mihaela Luntraru ◽  
Alexandru Suciu
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Bioactive Compounds ◽  
Urinary Tract Infections ◽  
Antimicrobial Effect ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Functional Product ◽  
Tract Infections

Bioactive compounds and phenolic compounds are viable alternatives to antibiotics in recurrent urinary tract infections. This study aimed to use a natural functional product, based on the bioactive compounds’ composition, to inhibit the uropathogenic strains of Escherichia coli. E. coli ATCC 25922 was used to characterize the IVCM (new in vitro catheterization model). As support for reducing bacterial proliferation, the cytotoxicity against a strain of Candida albicans was also determined (over 75% at 1 mg/mL). The results were correlated with the analysis of the distribution of biologically active compounds (trans-ferulic acid-268.44 ± 0.001 mg/100 g extract and an equal quantity of Trans-p-coumaric acid and rosmarinic acid). A pronounced inhibitory effect against the uropathogenic strain E. coli 317 (4 log copy no./mL after 72 h) was determined. The results showed a targeted response to the product for tested bacterial strains. The importance of research resulted from the easy and fast characterization of the functional product with antimicrobial effect against uropathogenic strains of E. coli. This study demonstrated that the proposed in vitro model was a valuable tool for assessing urinary tract infections with E. coli.

scholarly journals Nutritional Value and Bioactive Compounds in Andean Ancient Grains

Proceedings ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 53 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Ritva Repo-Carrasco-Valencia
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acid ◽  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Bioactive Compounds ◽  
Nutritional Value ◽  
Protein Quality ◽  
Nutritional Composition ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Lupinus Mutabilis ◽  
Very High

Quinoa (Cheopodium quinoa), kañiwa (Cheopodium pallidicaule), kiwicha (Amaranthus caudatus) and tarwi (Lupinus mutabilis) are ancient crops from the Andean region of South America. Recently, interest in these crops has grown, and worldwide demand for them has increased considerably. The aim of this study was to study the bioactive compounds and nutritional compositions of different varieties/ecotypes of quinoa, kañiwa, kiwicha and tarwi. Proximate, mineral, dietary fibre, fatty acid and amino acid compositions were evaluated. The content of phenolic compounds, tocopherols and phytosterols, and the folic acid and antioxidant capacity, were determined as well. The protein content of the grains was between 13.00% and 20.00%. More important than protein quantity is protein quality, which is demonstrated by the composition of the amino acids. All analysed grains, and especially the kañiwa, had very high lysine content. This amino acid is especially important in vegetarian diets because it is the limiting amino acid in cereal protein. The content of the total phenolic compounds in the studied grains was 27–58 mg gallic acid/100 g of sample. In quinoa, the principal flavonoids found were quercetin and kaempferol, in kañiwa quercetin and isorhamnetin. In kiwicha, no detectable amounts of flavonoids were found. Plant sterols (phytosterols) were another group of biologically active compounds detected. Andean lupin, tarwi, is very rich in oil, which has a beneficial nutritional composition. In conclusion, all studied grains have a very high nutritional value, are interesting sources of bioactive compounds and could be used as ingredients in health-promoting functional foods.

Asymmetric cyclopropanation of chiral (1-phosphoryl)vinyl sulfoxides: A new approach to constrained analogs of biologically active compounds

2005 ◽  
Vol 77 (12) ◽  
pp. 2091-2098 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marian Mikołajczyk
Keyword(s):  
Transition State ◽  
Total Synthesis ◽  
Bioactive Compounds ◽  
Theoretical Calculations ◽  
Experimental Results ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Active Compounds ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Cyclic Analog ◽  
Asymmetric Cyclopropanation

This account outlines the results obtained in the author's laboratory on the asymmetric cyclopropanation of enantiopure 1-phosphorylvinyl p-tolyl sulfoxides with sulfur ylides and diazoalkanes. Based on experimental results and theoretical calculations, the transition-state model for asymmetric cyclopropanation is proposed. A great synthetic value of the reaction investigated is exemplified by the total synthesis of constrained analogs of bioactive compounds, namely, enantiopure cyclic analog of phaclofen and cyclopropylphosphonate analogs of nucleotides.

Isolation and characterisation of biologically-active compounds from some plant extracts

1989 ◽  
Vol 25 (4) ◽  
pp. 337-342 ◽  
Author(s):  
Glenn S. Peterson ◽  
Mohamed A. Kandil ◽  
Mounir D. Abdallah ◽  
Abdel-aal A. Farag
Keyword(s):  
Plant Extracts ◽  
Biologically Active Compounds ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Active Compounds

scholarly journals Biologically Active Compounds and Antioxidant Activity of the Plants from CSBG SB RAS Collection of the Asteraceae Family

2021 ◽  
Vol 38 ◽  
pp. 00055
Author(s):  
Elena Khramova ◽  
Tatyana Kukushkina ◽  
Tatyana Shaldaeva ◽  
Yuliya Pshenichkina
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Biologically Active Compounds ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Achillea Millefolium ◽  
Artemisia Absinthium ◽  
Tanacetum Vulgare ◽  
Active Compounds ◽  
Artemisia Dracunculus ◽  
Pectin Substances

The article presents Data on the content of biologically active compounds (BAC) and the total phenolic antioxidants activity (TPA) evaluated for leaves and inflorescences of Achillea millefolium, Anthemis tinctoria, Artemisia absinthium, A. dracunculus, Leucanthemum vulgare, Pyrethrum balsamita, P. macrophyllum, Tanacetum vulgare. The leaves and inflorescences of the plants contain flavonols, catechins, tannins, carotenoids, pectin substances. High content of phenolic compounds was found in Artemisia dracunculus and Achillea millefolium (352.34 – 398.99 mg/g of DW). The highest level of catechins was registered in inflorescences (8.01 mg/g) and leaves (4.58 mg/g) of Artemisia absinthium. The content of pectin substances in the studied plants was quite high, with the biggest share of protopectins (50.6 – 95.9 mg/g). The maximum quantity of pectins was found in the leaves and inflorescences of Leucanthemum vulgare (11.2-12.7 mg/g), protopectins – in the leaves of Tanacetum vulgare (95.9 mg/g). The highest content of carotenoids was found in the leaves of plants, except for Leucanthemum vulgare. The highest antioxidant activity was recorded for water-ethanol extracts from leaves of Achillea millefolium (up to 1.09 mg/g) and inflorescences of Artemisia dracunculus (0.94 mg/g) plants due to the increased content of phenolic compounds, in particular flavonols and tannins, compared to the other species.

scholarly journals Research of biologically active compounds of catalpa (Catalpa bignonioides Walt.)

2020 ◽  
pp. 52-58
Author(s):  
O. V. Demeshko ◽  
S. V. Romanova ◽  
V. V. Kovalyov ◽  
I. I. Batiuchenko
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Chromatographic Analysis ◽  
Skin Diseases ◽  
Biologically Active Compounds ◽  
Biologically Active Substances ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Active Compounds ◽  
Chromatographic Paper ◽  
Active Substances

Catalpa bignonioides Walt. (catalpa) the family Bignoniaceae – a tree, which originates from North America. Catalpa bark contains resins and tannins. Monoterpene glycosides were found in the leaf. Catalpa seeds contain up to 30% of eleostearic acid. Decoctions are made of the bark of the tree. They serve as a gastric agent and have an anthelmintic effect. Decoction of the bark exhibits bronchodilator action, is used in the complex treatment of cancer. The leaves are used to treat skin diseases. The infusion of fruits has anti-herpetic and hypoglycemic properties. The aim of the work is to investigate biologically active compounds of the leaves of catalpa bignini. The object of the study was the leaves of common catalpa harvested in the summer of 2018 in Sevastopol. Chemical identification reactions and methods of chromatographic analysis were used to determine the major groups of biologically active substances of the leaves of the catalpa (chromatographic paper Filtrak FN No. 4, Munktell, Czech Republic). Chromatography was performed in pre-selected solvent systems: n-butanol‒acetic acid‒water (BAW) (4:1:2) ‒ I direction and 15% acetic acid ‒ II direction. Identification reactions were performed with aqueous and aqueous-alcoholic extracts of catalpa leaves. The qualitative composition of the phenolic compounds was investigated by paper chromatography. The content of the sum of phenolic compounds, hydroxycyclic acids and flavonoids was determined by the spectrophotometric method. Based on the held reactions and chromatographic analysis, by the characteristic fluorescence in the filtered UV light before and after treatment with chromogenic reagents and the values of Rf in the raw material the presence of the following groups of biologically active substances were determined: flavonoids, phenol glycosides, hydroxycoric acids. According to the chromatographic analysis, at least 9 substances of phenolic nature have been detected in the alcohol-aqueous extracts. For the first time, the presence of the following groups of biologically active substances: hydroxycoric acids, phenologic glycosides, flavonoids was determined in the leaves of catalpa. Quantitative content of natural compounds in the leaves of common catalpa: the sum of phenolic compounds (4,76 ± 0,04%), of hydroxycoric acids (3,42 ± 0,02%), of flavonoids (1,88 ± 0,02%). The results of the study will be used in the development of the draft quality control methods for medicinal plant raw materials.

scholarly journals The effect of aseptic cultivation of Crambe mitridatis Juz. plants on its biochemical composition

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 172-178
Author(s):  
N. O. Pushkarova ◽  
T. M. Kyrpa-Nesmiian ◽  
M. V. Kuchuk
Keyword(s):  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Biochemical Composition ◽  
Leaf Explants ◽  
Biologically Active Compounds ◽  
Hydroxycinnamic Acids ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Active Compounds ◽  
Petiole Explants ◽  
Aseptic Conditions

The aim of the research was to establish efficient microclonal propagation conditions of endangered Crambe mitridatis plants in vitro and to study the possible effect of aseptic cultivation on biochemical composition (hydroxycinnamic acids, flavonoids, phenolic compounds) of plants. Methods. In vitro plant culture methods were applied. Seeds were used for aseptic culture initiation. Morphogenic potential of root, leaf and petiole explants was studied on Murashige-Skoog medium with addition of plant growth regulators. The content of biologically active compounds was measured using spectrometry in plants grown in aseptic conditions and in the greenhouse. Results. Morphogenic potential of root, leaf and petiole explants was studied and the highest regeneration frequency of plantlets was established for root explants (80 %), for petiole explants (50 %) and the lowest for leaf explants (20 %). It was found that plants cultivated in aseptic conditions have higher hydroxycinnamic acids, flavonoids and phenolic compounds compared to plants grown in vivo. Conclusions. It is advisable to multiply C. mitridatis plants in vitro via root and petiole explants. Aseptic cultivation contributes to synthesis of biologically active compounds (auxin synergists) in C. mitridatis plants.Keywords: in vitro culture, hydroxycinnamic acids, flavonoids, phenolic compounds, Crambe mіtridatis.

Asymmetric Organocatalytic Syntheses of Bioactive Compounds

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Estibaliz Sansinenea ◽  
Aurelio Ortiz
Keyword(s):  
Natural Products ◽  
Asymmetric Synthesis ◽  
Bioactive Compounds ◽  
Cascade Reactions ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Active Compounds ◽  
Total Syntheses ◽  
Main Structure ◽  
New Methodologies ◽  
High Stereoselectivity

Background: The total syntheses of complex natural products have evolved to include new methodologies to save time, simplifying the form to achieve these natural compounds. Objective: In this review, we have described the asymmetric synthesis of different natural products and biologically active compounds of the last ten years until the current day. Results: An asymmetric organocatalytic reaction is the key to generate stereoselectively the main structure with the required stereochemistry. Conclusion: Even more remarkable, the organocatalytic cascade reactions, which are carried out with high stereoselectivity, as well as a possible approximation of the organocatalysts activation with substrates are also described.

scholarly journals HPLC Analysis of Chemical Composition of Selected Jordanian Medicinal Plants and Their Bioactive Properties

2018 ◽  
Vol 34 (5) ◽  
pp. 2397-2403
Author(s):  
Fuad Al-Rimawi ◽  
Fadi Alakhras ◽  
Wael A. Al-Zereini ◽  
Hammad K. Aldal'in ◽  
Saleh Abu-Lafi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Plant Extracts ◽  
Hplc Analysis ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Bioactive Properties

Three medicinal plants grown wild in Jordan, namely Achillea santolina L, Achillea fragrantisimma, Asteriscus graveolens (Forssk) Less, were extracted with ethyl acetate by continuous shaking at room temperature for three days. The antibacterial activity of the crude extract was evaluated. The extracts were analyzed for their phenolic and flavonoids content by HPLC-PDA. The HPLC analysis of the plant extracts revealed the presence of flavonoids and phenolic compounds in the three plant extracts. Results revealed a strong antibacterial activity of A. graveolens against three bacterial strains (B. subtilis, E. coli, and S.aureus) while A. fragrantissima inhibited the growth of B. subtilis. Bioactivities were attributed mainly to the immense content of phenol-based compounds in plants.

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