scholarly journals On the Systematics and Biodiversity of the Opheliidae and Scalibregmatidae

Diversity ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 87 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julio Parapar ◽  
Alejandro Martínez ◽  
Juan Moreira
Keyword(s):  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
Evolutionary Relationships ◽  
Life Strategies ◽  
Ecological Preferences ◽  
Deposit Feeders ◽  
Taxonomic History ◽  
The Future ◽  
Sandy Sediments ◽  
Available Information ◽  
Diversity Of Life

In this paper we review the systematics, diversity, and ecology of two related annelid families: Opheliidae Malmgren, 1867 and Scalibregmatidae Malmgren, 1867. Opheliids are deposit-feeders and that are mainly found as burrowers in sandy sediments. Morphologically, opheliids are characterized by the smooth cuticle, as well as the presence of a conspicuous ventral groove, reduced parapodia, and a tubular-shaped structure often projecting from the posterior end. Scalibregmatids are also deposit-feeders, but compared to opheliids, they have a characteristic arenicoliform body, a T-shaped anterior end and a glandular, reticulated epidermis. For each family, we summarize the available information about the evolutionary relationships, taxonomic history, geographical distribution, ecological preferences and diversity of life strategies along with the techniques most commonly used for their study. By highlighting the main gaps in knowledge on each of these topics, this review ultimately aims at stimulating further research into members of these two families in the future.

scholarly journals On the Systematics and Biodiversity of the Palaeoannelida

Diversity ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 41
Author(s):  
Julio Parapar ◽  
Kate Mortimer ◽  
María Capa ◽  
Juan Moreira
Keyword(s):  
Species Identification ◽  
Present Review ◽  
Evolutionary Relationships ◽  
Life Strategies ◽  
Knowledge Gaps ◽  
Taxonomic History ◽  
Geographic Distributions ◽  
Available Information ◽  
Geographic Perspective

Palaeoannelida Weigert and Bleidorn, 2016 is an old clade branching off at the base of the Annelida radiation. It includes two morphologically and ecological divergent groups of sedentary burrowers and tube-dwellers: Magelonidae Cunningham and Ramage, 1888, and Oweniidae Rioja, 1917. Magelonids are characterised by a flattened, shovel-shaped prostomium and a pair of ventral papillated palps. Oweniids have simplified bodies lacking parapodia or appendages and are easily distinguished by the presence of oval patches of packed uncini, each with two distal curved teeth. The present review aims to summarise available information about the diversity of forms and life strategies displayed in the group, providing some guidelines for species identification and the techniques commonly used for their study. In addition, the assumed geographic distributions of some taxa are critically discussed. A brief introduction about the evolutionary relationships, systematics, and taxonomic history is given for both Magelonidae and Oweniidae. The motivation of this review is to highlight the main knowledge gaps from a taxonomic, methodological, and geographic perspective, aiming at stimulating further research into members of this clade.

scholarly journals OVERVIEW OF RESEARCH OF MUSHROOMS IN SRI LANKA

2017 ◽  
Vol 40 (4) ◽  
pp. 399-403
Author(s):  
Samantha C. Karunarathna ◽  
Peter E. Mortimer ◽  
Jianchu Xu ◽  
Kevin D. Hyde
Keyword(s):  
Sri Lanka ◽  
Future Development ◽  
Native Species ◽  
Ornamental Plants ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Sri Lankan ◽  
Mycological Research ◽  
The Future ◽  
Available Information

According to recent estimates the mycota of Sri Lanka is highly diverse, yet it has been relatively little studied and remains poorly understood. Sri Lanka may contain up to 25,000 species of fungi, of which only a little more than 2000 are presently known, and this estimate does not take into account the large number of exotics introduced along with food, plantation, and ornamental plants. Mycological research in Sri Lanka has been limited to certain parts of the country, and the available information is widely dispersed, difficult to access, and plagued by synonymy. Commercially cultivable mushrooms were first introduced to Sri Lanka in 1985, and today both endemic and non-native species are cultivated. This paper addresses the current status of Sri Lankan mushroom research, and suggests measures which are needed to support the future development of Sri Lankan mycology.

A Multi-Dimensional Exploration of Future Aspect Marker "Dai" in Chinese Dialect from the Perspective of Typology — Take Gansu Tianzhu Dialect as an Example

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (6) ◽  
pp. 5440-5452
Author(s):  
Song Shan ◽  
Min Chunfang
Keyword(s):  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
Northwest China ◽  
The Other ◽  
Semantic Features ◽  
Main Research ◽  
Regional Characteristics ◽  
Future Aspect ◽  
The Future ◽  
Aspect Marker ◽  
Chinese Dialect

Objectives: In Tianzhu dialect, the use of the future aspect marker "Dai[tɛi44]" is frequent. The grammatical meaning of the future aspect marker, "verb phrase (VP) +'Dai[tɛi44]+[lio21]'", in Tianzhu dialect can be divided into two categories according to the differences of VP: one indicates that the end of the action is about to be reached, that is, "VP +'Dai1[tɛi44]+[lio21]'"; the other indicates that the action is about to begin, that is, "VP +‘Dai2[tɛi44]+[lio21]’ ". This article takes the Tianzhu dialect aspect marker "Dai[tɛi44]" as the main research object, and focuses on the grammatical functions and semantic features of "Dai1[tɛi44]" and "Dai2[tɛi44]" by studying the actionality types of verbs in Tianzhu dialect, and compares the future aspect marker "Dai[tɛi44]" in Tianzhu dialect with the future aspect markers of other Chinese dialect in Northwest China, and generalizes the geographical distribution and regional characteristics of the future aspect marker "Dai[tɛi44]".

scholarly journals Trastuzumab in the Treatment of Pregnant Breast Cancer Patients – an Overview of the Literature

2019 ◽  
Vol 79 (06) ◽  
pp. 618-625 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sophia S. Goller ◽  
Udo R. Markert ◽  
Karolin Fröhlich
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Breast Cancers ◽  
Breast Cancer Patients ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
The Future ◽  
Systemic Adjuvant Therapy ◽  
Induced Changes ◽  
Available Information ◽  
Target Agent

AbstractBreast cancer is one of the most common malignancies which appear during pregnancy. Since women are increasingly not giving birth until they are at a more advanced age, it can be assumed that the incidence of pregnancy-related breast cancers will continue to increase in the future. Because of pregnancy-induced changes and conservative diagnosis, these carcinomas are frequently not detected until they are at an advanced stage and thus generally require systemic adjuvant therapy. The available data on optimal chemotherapeutic management are limited. Particularly for the use of the target agent trastuzumab which could crucially contribute to improving the prognosis in the therapy of HER2-overexpressing breast cancer in non-pregnant women, there is a lack of definitive information regarding the profile of action and safety in pregnancy as well as with regard to any long-term effects on the child. Thirty-eight pregnancies on trastuzumab for the treatment of breast cancer were able to be analysed in the literature currently available. Information can be gained from this and conclusions can be drawn which can individualise and decisively improve therapeutic options in the future for the pregnant breast cancer patient.

Preliminary study on geographical distribution and evolutionary relationships between cultivated and wild adzuki bean (Vigna angularis var. angularis and var. nipponensis) by AFLP analysis

2003 ◽  
Vol 1 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 175-183 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zong Xu-xiao ◽  
Duncan Vaughan ◽  
Norihiko Tomooka ◽  
Akito Kaga ◽  
Wang Xin-wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
Nucleotide Diversity ◽  
Evolutionary Relationships ◽  
Aflp Analysis ◽  
Adzuki Bean ◽  
Asian Countries ◽  
Vigna Angularis ◽  
Aflp Data ◽  
Preliminary Study

AbstractA set of 146 representative adzuki (Vigna angularis var. angularis and var. nipponensis) germplasm from six Asian countries with a tradition of adzuki bean production, together with an outgroup standard rice bean (Vigna umbellata), were analysed by amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) methodology using 12 informative primer pairs. A total of 313 unambiguous polymorphic bands were created. According to the dendrogram, using cluster analysis based on AFLP banding, 143 of the accessions were distinct and revealed enough genetic diversity for identification and classification of accessions within Vigna angularis. A neighbour-joining tree was generated using the newly developed Innan's nucleotide diversity estimate from the AFLP data. From analysis, seven distinct evolutionary groups, named ‘Chinese cultivated’, ‘Japanese cultivated’, ‘Japanese complex-Korean cultivated’, ‘Chinese wild’, ‘China Taiwan wild’, ‘Nepal- Bhutan cultivated’ and ‘Himalayan wild’, were detected. Nucleotide diversity with geographical distribution of each group is discussed, regarding the evolutionary relationships between wild and cultivated adzuki beans. The preliminary results indicated that cultivated adzuki beans have been domesticated from at least four progenitors with at least three geographical origins.

Summary of temporal trends in pollutant levels observed in marine mammals

1999 ◽  
pp. 149-155 ◽  
Author(s):  
Assumpción Borrel ◽  
Petter J.H. Reijnders
Keyword(s):  
Relative Abundance ◽  
Time Trends ◽  
Marine Mammals ◽  
Temporal Trends ◽  
Canadian Arctic ◽  
The Future ◽  
Available Information

The present paper reviews reported time trends in concentrations and relative abundance of pollutants in marine mammals. Available information refers only to pinnipeds and cetaceans, mainly covers the period 1969-1988 and focuses on DDTs, PCBs and mercury. Although data are limited, there are indications that in the Canadian Arctic, mercury levels in marine mammals have increased in recent decades. By contrast, during the late 1970s and the 1980s, concentrations of DDTs and PCBs in marine mammals from highly polluted areas have tended to decrease. While this trend is likely lo continue for DDTs in the future, it is foreseen that until at least the first decades of the next century, PCB levels will stabilise as degradation is compensated by new inputs caused by the recycling of the fraction currently present in non-marine compartments.

Changes in benthic communities of Port Phillip Bay, Australia, between 1969 and 1995

1998 ◽  
Vol 49 (8) ◽  
pp. 847 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robin S. Wilson ◽  
Simon Heislers ◽  
Gary C. B. Poore
Keyword(s):  
Benthic Communities ◽  
Sewage Treatment ◽  
Sewage Treatment Plant ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Suspension Feeding ◽  
Deposit Feeders ◽  
Low Levels ◽  
Muddy Sediments ◽  
Sandy Sediments ◽  
Major Division

Changes in benthic communities in Port Phillip Bay, Australia, were assessed over a 25- year period by comparing an intense bay-wide survey carried out in the early 1970s, a 3-year study in the mid 1970s, a limited survey in the early 1990s, and a resurvey in the mid 1990s. A major division of benthic communities into those on deeper muddy sediments and those on marginal sandy sediments persisted was less well defined (by ordination methods) in the 1990s than in the 1970s. The densities of individuals and species declined significantly, but absolute numbers of taxa did not change noticeably. Nevertheless, temporal variability in all variables over 25 years was within the range reported for the 3- year study. Polychaetes have become relatively more abundant than crustaceans and molluscs, and the proportion of suspension-feeding organisms has increased at the expense of deposit feeders. The introduced Japanese bivalve Theora lubrica was the most abundant invertebrate in the 1970s. In the 1990s, this species, the European bivalve Corbula gibba and the polychaete Euchone limnicola were the most abundant. Decreasing abundances of macrobenthic invertebrates, and a decreasing proportion of deposit feeders, is consistent with a decrease in nutrient load from moderate to low levels—such as occurred with reduced discharge from Melbourne’s sewage treatment plant—but lack of contemporaneous data prevents further explanation.

scholarly journals A faunistic study of the Dolichopodidae (Diptera, Brachycera) in Fars Province of Iran

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 89-95
Author(s):  
Sh. Rezaei ◽  
I. Ya. Grichanov ◽  
M. Fallahzadeh ◽  
A. F. Dousti ◽  
N. Saghaei
Keyword(s):  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
Fars Province ◽  
Insect Fauna ◽  
Southern Iran ◽  
Available Information ◽  
First Time

We provide new data on the distribution of 14 long-legged fly species (Diptera, Brachycera, Dolichopodidae) belonging to 10 genera from the Fars Province, Southern Iran. The genera Diaphorus Meigen, 1824, Dolichopus Latreille, 1796, Hydrophorus Fallén, 1823, and Syntormon Loew, 1857 are recorded in the Fars Province for the first time. Dolichopus lairdi Olejnicek, Mohsen & Ouda, 1995 is newly added to the Iranian insect fauna. Four species, Asyndetus albifrons Loew, 1869, Asyndetus fallahzadehi Grichanov, 2019, Chrysotus suavis Loew, 1857, and Medetera pallipes (Zetterstedt, 1843) were the most abundant in the collected material. Available information on geographical distribution and short taxonomic comments for each species are also included.

scholarly journals Value Components of Life Strategies in Graduates of Vocational Postsecondary Institutions

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 727-734
Author(s):  
M. A. Bilan ◽  
E. N. Ermolaeva
Keyword(s):  
Psychological Adaptation ◽  
Value Orientations ◽  
Postsecondary Institutions ◽  
Life Strategies ◽  
The Future ◽  
Self Actualization ◽  
Medium Level ◽  
Independent Life ◽  
Professional Self ◽  
High Level

The research featured value components of life strategies exhibited by graduates of secondary vocational education institutions. The research methods involved M. O. Mdivani and P. B. Kodess’s method of life strategies, M. Rokeach’s method of value orientations, R. Inglehart’s method modified by M. S. Yanitskiy, C. Rogers and R. Dymond’s method of social and psychological adaptation diagnostics, etc. The authors analyzed the hierarchy of values in graduates with different levels of social and psychological adaptation. The graduates were divided into groups on the basis of C. Rogers and R. Dymond’s methodology adapted by A. K. Osnitsky. The test revealed common and variable values in the structure of the graduates’ life strategies. Respondents with a high level of adaptation were purposeful and ready to take responsibility for important decisions; their scenario of the future was optimistic; socializing value type predominated; the value component included specific life values and values of professional self-actualization. Graduates with a medium level of socio-psychological adaptation adhered to conformist values; their dominant value types were socializing and adapting; they had a high level of anxiety and uncertainty about the future while showing no willingness to overcome difficulties and achieve their life goals. The values of professional self-actualization had an advantage in the long-term perspective. The authors included that graduates with low and medium adaptation levels need psychological and pedagogical support when they enter independent life.

scholarly journals Ecological-evolutionary relationships in Passiflora alata from Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil

2006 ◽  
Vol 66 (3) ◽  
pp. 809-816 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Koehler-Santos ◽  
A. P. Lorenz-Lemke ◽  
F. M. Salzano ◽  
L. B. Freitas
Keyword(s):  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
Molecular Genetic ◽  
Rio Grande ◽  
Genetic Data ◽  
Evolutionary Relationships ◽  
Rio Grande Do Sul ◽  
First Report ◽  
Ecological Characteristics ◽  
Molecular Genetic Data ◽  
Made In

The geographical distribution, ecological characteristics, flowering and fruiting times, and pollinating agents of Passiflora alata are considered and related to molecular genetic data gathered simultaneously. The first report on this species in Rio Grande do Sul was made in 1934, only in cultivated gardens. Approximately 20 years later, however, the species was already classified as efferata (wild) in Porto Alegre's suburbs. The data presented here, together with the DNA investigations, indicate that P. alata is actively colonizing previously unoccupied areas of this region.

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