The Best Dentistry Professional Visual Acuity Measured under Simulated Clinical Conditions Provides Keplerian Magnification Loupe: A Cross-Sectional Study

Visual acuity plays an important role in dentists’ vision in their daily clinical routine. This study aimed to determine dental students’ visual acuity without optical aids and when using magnification devices in simulated clinical conditions. The participants were forty-six students at the School of Dental Medicine with a visual acuity of 1.0 in decimal values or 100% in percentage. The central visual acuity was tested using a miniature Snellen eye chart placed in the molar cavity of a dental phantom, in simulated clinical conditions under five different settings (natural visual acuity, by applying head magnifying glasses x1,5 and binocular magnifying devices using Galileo’s x2,5/350 mm, Keplerx3,3/450 mm and Keplerx4,5/350 mm optical system). The Wilcoxon Signed Rank test shows that the distribution of measurements of the visual acuity undertaken by the application of magnifying devices (VNL, VGA2,5, VKP3,3, VKP4,5) contained higher values of visual acuity than those received by the use of natural vision (VSC) (p < 0.001 for the comparison to the VNL, VGA2,5, VKP3,3 and VKP4,5 groups). The highest and statistically most significant increase in visual acuity is achieved using the Keplerian telescope x4.5/350 mm. The application of magnifying devices provided dentistry professionals with better visual acuity, improving detail detection in an oral cavity during dental procedures by magnifying the oral structure. The use of magnification devices means much more precise work, decreases the operating time, improves posture and reduces muscle pain in the shoulder during dental treatment.

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PERCEPTIONS OF UNDERGRADUATE DENTAL STUDENTS AND GRADUATE DENTISTS TOWARDS BEHAVIOURAL GUIDANCE TECHNIQUES IN PAEDIATRIC DENTISTRY: A CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY

Malaysian Journal of Medical Research ◽

10.31674/mjmr.2021.v05i04.008 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 5 (4) ◽

Keyword(s):

Dental Treatment ◽

Descriptive Analysis ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Dental Students ◽

Paediatric Dentistry ◽

Working Environment ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Significance Level ◽

Exact Test ◽

Child Patient

Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate perceptions of undergraduate dental students and graduate dentists towards behaviouralguidance techniques in paediatric dentistry. Materials & Methods: 225 subjects with previous experience in treating paediatricpatient were identified and invited to fill up a Likert-style questionnaire with 15 questions in total. The data was evaluated for descriptive analysis and statistical analysis using Pearson’s chi-square test and Fisher’s exact test(significance level, p<0.05). Results: 158 respondents were included in this study. 47.4% think that communication is the most effective non-pharmacological method of behavioural guidance, 62.6% and 45.6% think that tell-show-do is the most practical and most successful behaviour shaping techniques, respectively. 43.7% responded neutral to the use HOME or physical restraints in controlling child patient, 81.0% almost never used HOME method. 87.3% had explained procedures of dental treatment to child patientsduring treatment, 89.2% had used euphemism on the child. 40.5% of child patientssometimes struggled when receiving their treatment. 33.5% required some effort to get their child patient treated. 79.1% had never usedprotective stabilization method. 75.9% think that their working environment is favourable and conducive for child patients. 39.2% think that desensitization is the most effective method to reduce dental fear and anxiety in child patient. 59.5% preferpresence of parents during treatment. 56.35% of frightened cry was most commonly seen clinically. 73.4% would not consider further studies in paediatric dentistry. Conclusion: Generally, the respondents demonstrated satisfactory knowledge and acceptance of various behavioural guidance techniques in paediatric dentistry, but with some deficiencies.

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Dynamic knee valgus alignment in healthy young adults and its association with single leg triple hop distance and athletic single leg stability

Journal of the Pakistan Medical Association ◽

10.47391/jpma.011047 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 71 (11) ◽

pp. 2687-2691

Author(s):

Jassia Ramzan ◽

Muhammad Osama ◽

Ghania Riffat ◽

Mirza Mohammed Waqar Baig ◽

Fatima Aiman

Keyword(s):

Young Adults ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

T Test ◽

Rank Test ◽

Knee Valgus ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Signed Rank ◽

Signed Rank Test ◽

Kolmogorov Smirnov ◽

Gender Based

Objective The purpose of the current study was to determine the dynamic knee valgus angulation (DKVA) among sedentary young adults and the relationship of DKVA with triple hop distance and athletic single leg stability. Methods A cross sectional study was conducted on a sample of 72 healthy sedentary young adults aged 18-26 years out of which 29 (38.33%) were males and 43 (61.76%) were females. DKVA, single leg triple hop distance and athletic single leg stability were the outcome measurements for the study. Shapiro-Wilk and Kolmogorov Smirnov tests were used to determine normality of data. Independent t-test and Mann Whitney-U test were used for gender based comparison, paired t-test and Wilcoxon signed-rank test for comparing values of right and left leg, Freidman test for comparing the values of DKVA in different tasks and Pearson and Spearman correlation was used to determine relationship between two variables. Confidence interval was kept at 95% and p<0.05 was considered significant. Results DKVA was found to be lower for dominant leg in all tasks, and higher for single leg tasks as compared to drop jump screening test for both legs. Greater values of DKVA were observed in females in all tasks. Single leg triple hop distance and athletic single leg stability scores were higher in males as compared to females. No significant correlation of DKVA was observed with single leg triple hop distance and athletic single leg stability. Continuous...

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“Dental Cluster” Versus “Metabolic Cluster”: Analyzing the Associations of Planned and Delivered Dental Procedures with Metabolic Syndrome, Utilizing Data from the Dental, Oral, Medical Epidemiological (DOME) Cross-Sectional Record-Based Nationwide Study

Biology ◽

10.3390/biology10070608 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (7) ◽

pp. 608

Author(s):

Itzhak Abramovitz ◽

Avraham Zini ◽

Pablo Pribluda ◽

Ron Kedem ◽

Dorit Zur ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Metabolic Syndrome ◽

Multivariate Analysis ◽

Dental Treatment ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Treatment Needs ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Vein Thrombosis ◽

Dental Procedures ◽

Obstructive Sleep ◽

Nationally Representative

There are conflicting results existing regarding the association between dental status and metabolic syndrome (MetS). The present research analyzed the associations of the sum of the standard dental unit (SDU) scores of planned (SDU-P) and delivered (SDU-D) dental procedures per patient with MetS components, consequences, and related conditions. The SDU score of each dental procedure represents the time and complexity of the executed procedure. This cross-sectional study analyzed data from the Dental, Oral, Medical Epidemiological (DOME) repository, which includes comprehensive socio-demographic, medical, and dental databases of a nationally representative sample of 132,529 military personnel. Univariate analyses revealed that SDU-P had statistically significant positive associations with all systemic morbidities related to MetS, while the SDU-D exhibited positive associations with some of the systemic morbidities and with lower ORs. SDU-P and SDU-D were associated with worse scores of auxiliary examinations used in the assessment of MetS components. SDU-P retained significant positive associations in the multivariate analysis with impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) (OR = 7.40 (1.91–28.57)), deep vein thrombosis (DVT) (OR = 5.61 (1.53–20.83)), obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) (OR = 5.05 (2.40–10.63)), and fatty liver (OR = 1.82 (1.17–2.84)). In contrast, obesity was the only systemic parameter retaining a significant association with SDU-D following multivariate analysis (OR = 1.47 (1.23–1.76)). It can be concluded that SDU-P, but not SDU-D, is a better predictor of systemic morbidities related to MetS. In other words, MetS is associated with a higher dental treatment needs burden, rather than with dental treatments performed de facto. Dental and general health authorities should collaborate and share information and focus on reducing common health-related risk factors, such as smoking and sugar consumption, in particular among high-risk populations, such as immigrants and those with lower SES and rural locality.

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Dental Anxiety, Fear and Anxiety of Performing Dental Treatments among Dental Students during Clinical Studies

Journal of Clinical Pediatric Dentistry ◽

10.17796/1053-4625-44.6.3 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 44 (6) ◽

pp. 407-411

Author(s):

Sigalit Blumer ◽

Benjamin Peretz ◽

Native Yukler ◽

Sagit Nissan

Keyword(s):

Dental Treatment ◽

Dental Anxiety ◽

Clinical Stage ◽

Healthcare Providers ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Dental Students ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Study Population ◽

Fear And Anxiety ◽

First Time

Purpose: Dental student’s dental anxiety may negatively affect patient’s attitude towards dental treatment. We evaluated dental anxiety among dental students in different clinical stage of their studies. We assessed the student’s anxiety prior to treating patients. Study design: A cross-sectional study. Fourth to sixth-year dental students completed questionnaires containing: 1) Dental Anxiety Scale (DAS); 2) Dental Fear Survey (DFS); and 3) visual analogue scale questions relating to the student’s anxiety when performing dental treatments in children and adults. Results: 124 dental students completed the questionnaires (mean age, 26.4±3.1 years, 59.7% women). Average DAS in the study population was 7.55±2.15 with similar scores observed across the years. Average DFS score was highest among fourth-year students (1.62±0.65) and lowest among sixth year students (1.36±0.32). DFS scores decreased as the students progressed through the clinical years (p=0.059). The students’ average anxiety scores prior to treating children were significantly higher than the anxiety scores prior to treating adults (3.82±2.42 vs. 2.67±1.9, p<0.001). Fifth-year students had significantly higher anxiety scores prior to treating children and adults compared to fourth and sixth-year students. Conclusion: Dental anxiety among dental students is relatively low and decreases gradually as they progress through the clinical years. Anxiety prior to treating patients, particularly children, is at its highest just before starting to treat patients for the first time. As dental students are future healthcare providers, it is important that they learn techniques to help them manage their own dental anxiety and fear as well as deal with anxiety related to treating patients.

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Patient Preferred and Perceived Control in Dental Care Decision Making

JDR Clinical & Translational Research ◽

10.1177/2380084418811321 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 4 (2) ◽

pp. 151-159 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

D.R. Reissmann ◽

J.C. Bellows ◽

J. Kasper

Keyword(s):

Decision Making ◽

Perceived Control ◽

Dental Treatment ◽

Statistical Significance ◽

Active Role ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Rank Test ◽

Decision Making Process ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Dental Patients

Introduction: Shared decision making is increasingly considered the most desirable model for making decisions in medical and dental settings. It supports patients by empowering them to play an active role in the decision-making process. However, dental patients’ involvement needs and perceptions have not yet been sufficiently assessed. Objectives: The aim of this study was to assess patients’ preferred roles in decision making for a range of dental treatments and whether patients’ preferences are being met. Methods: Based on a cross-sectional study design, dental patients’ autonomy preferences and actual perceived roles were surveyed in the context of existing dental appointments in a consecutive sample of 101 adult dental patients (aged 20 to 79 y). The questionnaire for the assessment of patient preferred and perceived roles in dental decision making consisted of 14 items, each representing a decision in the broad spectrum of preventive and restorative dental treatment planning, and was administered before the dental appointment and immediately afterward. Responses for each item were indicated on an ordinal 5-point scale, which was adapted from the Control Preference Scale. Differences in overall levels of control and responses for each decision were tested for statistical significance per the Wilcoxon matched-pairs signed-rank test. Furthermore, a multilevel mixed effects linear regression model was computed. Results: Patients rated their preferred role in decision making more active and involved than their perceived role. This effect was observed and statistically significant ( P < 0.05) for 11 of 14 treatment decisions. Perceived roles (follow-up) matched the preferred roles (baseline) for less than half of patients. None of the sociodemographic characteristics had a substantial statistical effect on whether perceived roles matched the preferred roles. Conclusion: Dental patients’ perceived roles in decision making do not meet their preferences. Dentists should allow and encourage their patients to be more active in decision making. Knowledge Transfer Statement: Since dental patients’ perceived roles in decision making do not meet their preferences, clinicians should encourage and enable their dental patients to fulfill the role in decision making that they prefer. This may help in the future to not only fulfill the right of patients to be informed but also empower them to play an active role in the decision-making process and reduce the risk of decisional conflicts.

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Prevalence of dysmenorrhea, its association with overall academic engagement, and management among nursing undergraduates at Peradeniya University, Sri Lanka: A cross-sectional study

Journal of Endometriosis and Pelvic Pain Disorders ◽

10.1177/2284026521993680 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 228402652199368

Author(s):

A. M. Shashi Shardha Alahakoon ◽

D. B. Mahinda Wickramarathne

Keyword(s):

Nursing Students ◽

Sri Lanka ◽

Academic Engagement ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Rank Test ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Signed Rank ◽

Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test ◽

Signed Rank Test

Background: Dysmenorrhea or painful menstrual periods is one of the common health issues the female university students experience which intervenes with academic activities and quality of life. Objectives: We aimed to find the prevalence, intensity, extent of impairment in academic engagement, and efficacy of the management of dysmenorrhea among nursing students at Peradeniya University, Sri Lanka. Methodology: This cross sectional study comprised 86 female nursing students who represented all four academic years. A self-administered questionnaire was used. The intensity and level of dysmenorrhea were assessed. Association of the extent of working impairment with the level of pain determined by Pearson correlation. Duration of dysmenorrhea persisted before and after management was compared using paired sample t-test. The effectiveness of management was analyzed using Wilcoxon signed-rank test. Results: The prevalence of dysmenorrhea was 97.7%. The majority (54.7%) suffered moderate pain. Mean age of the participants was 24.02 (±1.503). During the period of dysmenorrhea, 32.6%, 33.7%, and 17.4% students experienced slight, moderate, and heavy impairment of overall academic engagement. A positive correlation was observed between level of pain and extent of academic impairment ( p < 0.05). The majority practiced pharmacological and non-pharmacological pain relieving methods together. Wilcoxon signed-rank test value revealed more negative ranks and statistically significant reduction in intensity in post-management period ( z = −7.793, p = 0). Post-management dysmenorrhea duration was significantly reduced than pre-management ( t76 = 8.984, p = 0). Conclusion: A substantial percent of undergraduates suffer from dysmenorrhea. It is associated impairment of overall academic engagement. The nursing students were able to manage dysmenorrhea successfully.

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PREVENTIVE MEASURES IMPLEMENTATION AMONG LIBYAN GENERAL DENTISTS AND PROSTHODONTISTS DURING COVID-19 OUTBREAK IN TRIPOLI: A CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY.

International Journal of Medical and Biomedical Studies ◽

10.32553/ijmbs.v5i2.1740 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 5 (2) ◽

Author(s):

Hala Abdallah Traina ◽

Nourelhouda Salaheddin Misurati ◽

Noora Shaaban Berhaim

Keyword(s):

Infection Control ◽

Preventive Measures ◽

Dental Treatment ◽

Dental Health ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Occupation Group ◽

Dental Procedures ◽

Control Procedures ◽

General Dentists

Introduction: The available knowledge about Covid-19 mandate applying set of strict preventive measures for medical and dental professions. Dental health personnel are considered among high risk occupation group during the pandemic. Objective: This study aimed to assess the level of adherence to the preventive measures against the coronavirus disease and infection control among prosthodontists and general dentists in Tripoli, Libya. Methods: A questionnaire consisting of 8 questions was distributed among dentists who are working in private clinics or public health centers during Covid-19 pandemic, in Tripoli. Dentists were selected randomly to participate in this survey. Results: This study included a total of 70 dentists forming a response rate of about 87,5% (70 dentists participated out of 80 dentists), a total of 19 were prosthodontists and 51 were general dentists. The results showed that only 32% had attended lectures regarding COVID-19. The percentage of dentists who wear PPE during fixing post insertion complete denture complains and during fixing high spots before final cown/ bridge cementation were (60%, and 61.4%) respectively. During dental treatment, all dentists reported they do keep frequent hand hygiene by using ABHR or water and soap, (72.8%) ask their patients for pre procedural mouth rinse before starting the treatment, (62.8%) stated that they use rubber dam during aerosol generating procedures.. Conclusions: Libyan dentists in this study showed practicing of moderate infection control procedures to minimize transmission of Covid-19, limited comprehension of what constitutes as emergency dental procedures was recognized. Dentists are required for attending awareness days and workshops in this respect. Keywords: COVID-19, Dentists, Preventive measures, Infection control.

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Dental anxiety among migraine patients

Journal of Medicine and Life ◽

10.25122/jml-2021-0004 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 14 (4) ◽

pp. 498-503

Author(s):

Yagoub Dhafer Alyami ◽

◽

Jana Khalid Farran ◽

Jumanah Ateeq Alsubhi ◽

Jehan Ahmed Omar ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Dental Treatment ◽

Dental Anxiety ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Working Environment ◽

Control Group ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Dental Clinics ◽

Validated Questionnaire ◽

Dental Procedures ◽

Patient Responses

In this study, we aimed to find a correlation between anxiety related to dental procedures and migraines. A cross-sectional study was performed on 171 patients who attended specific dental clinics. The patients were randomly categorized into a migraine group (83) and a control group. To determine the anxiety level, all the patients filled out a validated questionnaire (the Arabic version of the Modified Dental Anxiety Scale). All responses ranged from “not anxious” (scoring 1) to “extremely anxious” (scoring 5). Based on the patient responses, the total score was recorded and compared statistically between the two groups. The sound of drilling was one of the most vital factors causing anxiety and headaches in migraine patients. Comparing the presence or absence of headache and usage of analgesics between the two groups, migraine patients complained to have headaches during or after dental treatment more frequently than controls and used analgesics more than non-migraine controls. Migraine patients visiting dental clinics feel more anxious about the working environment and need certain modifications before, during, and after dental procedures.

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Postoperative Pain in Children After Dentistry Under General Anesthesia

Anesthesia Progress ◽

10.2344/14-27.1 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 62 (4) ◽

pp. 140-152 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Michelle Wong ◽

Peter E. Copp ◽

Daniel A. Haas

Keyword(s):

Postoperative Pain ◽

General Anesthesia ◽

Severe Pain ◽

Correlation Coefficients ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Pain Scale ◽

Rank Test ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Dental Procedures ◽

American Society

The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence, severity, and duration of postoperative pain in children undergoing general anesthesia for dentistry. This prospective cross-sectional study included 33 American Society of Anesthesiology (ASA) Class I and II children 4–6 years old requiring multiple dental procedures, including at least 1 extraction, and/or pulpectomy, and/or pulpotomy of the primary dentition. Exclusion criteria were children who were developmentally delayed, cognitively impaired, born prematurely, taking psychotropic medications, or recorded baseline pain or analgesic use. The primary outcome of pain was measured by parents using the validated Faces Pain Scale-Revised (FPS-R) and Parents' Postoperative Pain Measure (PPPM) during the first 72 hours at home. The results showed that moderate-to-severe postoperative pain, defined as FPS-R ≥ 6, was reported in 48.5% of children. The prevalence of moderate-to-severe pain was 29.0% by FPS-R and 40.0% by PPPM at 2 hours after discharge. Pain subsided over 3 days. Postoperative pain scores increased significantly from baseline (P < .001, Wilcoxon matched pairs signed rank test). Moderately good correlation between the 2 pain measures existed 2 and 12 hours from discharge (Spearman rhos correlation coefficients of 0.604 and 0.603, P < .005). In conclusion, children do experience moderate-to-severe pain postoperatively. Although parents successfully used pain scales, they infrequently administered analgesics.

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Dental students' knowledge of medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw

European Journal of Dentistry ◽

10.4103/ejd.ejd_27_17 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 11 (04) ◽

pp. 461-468 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Daniele Rosella ◽

Piero Papi ◽

Giorgio Pompa ◽

Mario Capogreco ◽

Francesca De Angelis ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Dental Treatment ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Osteonecrosis Of The Jaw ◽

General Information ◽

Dental Students ◽

Active Principle ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Correct Definition ◽

Knowledge And Attitude ◽

Almost All

ABSTRACT Objectives: The aim of this study was to evaluate and assess knowledge and attitude of dental students about medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (MRONJ), to optimize future training programs in this field. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was administrated. Ninety-eight participants agreed to complete an anonymous questionnaire. It was divided into two sections: the first section was about general information such as interviewer's gender and date of birth; the second section included questions about bisphosphonates (BPs), others medication associated to osteonecrosis of the jaw (ONJ), risk factors, and prevention of osteonecrosis. Descriptive statistics were computed and the odds ratio was used to compare the odds for the groups. Results: Ninety-nine percent of participants declared to know BPs, but only 26.9% of 4th year and 34.8% of 6th year students knew the correct definition of MRONJ. Almost all of students identified the importance to report, in anamnesis, the use of BPs, as well as to check-up patients before the beginning of treatment; on the other hand, the knowledge about how invasive dental treatment might be carried out in patients under therapy was not adequate. In addition, half of the students did not recognize any active principle or commercial name of BPs. The situation was even worse regarding alternative drugs involved in ONJ. Conclusions: These findings are alarming and the lack of knowledge about MRONJ suggests that greater educational efforts should be performed about this pathology at undergraduate level.

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