scholarly journals Institutional Governance of Innovations: Novel Insights of Leadership in Russian Public Procurement

Economies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 189
Author(s):  
Sergey Tsygankov ◽  
Vadim Syropyatov ◽  
Vyacheslav Volchik
Keyword(s):  
Institutional Environment ◽  
Innovation Policy ◽  
Public Procurement ◽  
Innovation System ◽  
Future Research ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Clear Trend ◽  
Institutional Governance ◽  
Limited Effectiveness ◽  
The World

In the modern conditions of the post-COVID world, the transformation of the world economy in the framework of the transition to the post-industrial paradigm, and the economy of “knowledge”, the national innovation system (NIS) plays a leading role in the formation of competitive sectors of any given country. Within this setting, the performance of the Russian innovation system significantly lags behind other countries and calls for modernisation based on the modern regulatory tools, policies, and world’s leading trends. The direct import of institutions of foreign innovation systems demonstrates its limited effectiveness due to the incompleteness of institutions and mechanisms for regulating the institutional environment of the Russian economy. One of the generally recognised, leading, and the most “universal” instruments for implementing innovation policy by government institutions is the public procurement of innovation. The analysis of international experience shows that the implementation of the innovation policy via innovative public procurement has a highly heterogeneous landscape even in such a “cohesive” jurisdiction as those represented by the European Union (EU) as far as different types of policy dominate in different countries of the world. There is no clear trend towards the only one mainstream regulatory approach. In this context, the Russian experience demonstrates de facto the absence of any centralised, transparent, and effective policy expressed in such pseudo-innovative procurement as refuelling cartridges or car repairs. This paper identifies the existing institutional failures of the Russian NIS on the example of the regulation of innovative domestic procurement. It proposes ways to modernise the current policy based on the institutional and narrative approaches in order to foster its leading position in the international competition. This article shows the gaps in the literature in institutional governance of innovations and innovation procurement in Russia and points at directions for future research based on narrative economics. Outlining the present knowledge as a foundation for future research in institutional governance of innovations, this article holds implications for both academics and practitioners in the field of the innovation policies and public procurement.

scholarly journals CREATION OF AN INTEGRATED OPEN COWORKING CENTER FOR INNOVATION ENTREPRENEURSHIP IN HIGHER EDUCATION INSTITUTIONS

Management ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-46
Author(s):  
Iryna М. Goncharenko ◽  
Margarita Išoraitė
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Poverty Reduction ◽  
Institutional Environment ◽  
Innovation Policy ◽  
Innovation System ◽  
Innovative Development ◽  
Transfer Of Knowledge ◽  
Resource Network ◽  
Business Structures ◽  
Four Levels

Introduction. The transition to an innovative development model requires a dramatic increase in the share of innovative products and services by activating innovative entrepreneurship, introducing organizational innovations. One of the effective ways of modernizing the economy is the implementation of the attractor of integrated development of innovation infrastructure at four levels: macro level (national innovation system, free economic zones, venture financing); meso-level (creation of business incubators, technoparks, hacking, coworkings); micro-level (funds attraction, outsourcing, intrapreneurship) and nano-level (freelancing; crowdsourcing).The hypothesis of scientific research is based on the assumption that a new understanding of the priorities of educational and innovation policy and the creation of an appropriate institutional environment for the development of the ecosystem "education – science – business" will promote the establishment of equivalent relations between market actors in accordance with national priorities and world trends in scientific and technological development.The purposeof the research is to provide a comprehensive substantiation of the theoretical and methodological foundations of the formation of a management system of cluster interaction of interactive tools of the innovation chain of knowledge on a new basis, providing the attractor of innovative development of innovation and technological centers of coworking as a platform for the development of educational clusters.The methodology of the research is based on the general scientific methodology – philosophy and system approach, as well as on interdisciplinary methodological approaches – institutional, resource, network and cluster, used in socio-economic sciences.Results. A new approach to the formation of institutional forms of the implementation of innovative entrepreneurship, as well as mechanisms for the formation and functioning of small cluster business structures on the basis (with participation) of university units, allows to provide an efficient transfer of knowledge from the system of education to entrepreneurship in order to provide innovative development as the most entrepreneurial institution of higher education, and cluster action zone.Conclusions. An integrated combination of the proposed approaches to business organization provides introduction of innovative directions of economic activity, creation of additional workplaces, reduction of unemployment, poverty reduction and formation of a stratum of potentially innovative-active people who can create their own business for improving the quality and standard of living of the population.

Innovative development of the national university system in Russia: trends and key elements

2020 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuriy I. Razorenov ◽  
Konstantin V. Vodenko
Keyword(s):  
Innovation Policy ◽  
Innovation System ◽  
National Innovation System ◽  
The State ◽  
World Intellectual Property Organization ◽  
Innovative Development ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The World ◽  
The University ◽  
University Industry

PurposeThe goal of the research is to analyze the university development trends in the national innovation system. The paper presents a review of the formation of innovative development strategies and the place of a university in them. The structure is based on the analysis of foreign trends of the transformation of universities and the examination of the efficiency of the interaction between the university, industry and the state. Russian experience in the transformation of universities is presented.Design/methodology/approachResearch methodologies include methods of statistical and comparative analysis and synthesis. The information analysis base of the research is composed of the reports of the World Intellectual Property Organization at year-end 2019, as well as global comparative assessments of the status and development of innovation activities by the Global Innovation Index and Global Competitiveness Index, which are calculated according to the methodology of the World Economic Forum and others.FindingsIn the course of research, the authors put forward a new model of universities within the framework of the national innovation system, which is based on the “triple helix model of innovation” implemented by universities, industry and the state. The logic and structure of the research are set forth in the following way. First, a review of the global practice of the formation and implementation of state innovation policy is given, with the university being a key link, the foreign experience in the transformation of universities is analyzed and the efficiency of the interaction between the university, industry and the state is examined. Furthermore, consideration is given to the Russian experience in the transformation of universities. In conclusion, the main findings of the research are presented.Practical implicationsResults testify that goals and objectives that can be solved by achieving indicators in the world rankings are important for improving competitiveness of education, but they are only efficient if they conform to management decisions that are taken for achieving them and coincide with strategic goals and directions that should be implemented within the framework of the national innovation and academic system.Originality/valueResearch hypothesis is as follows: modern age is characterized by the rapid development of digital technologies and globalization processes, which transform technologies and cultural patterns into techniques and methods of working with information. Despite the fact that a university is the center for the development of society and culture, which serves as an axiological core, it is subject to the transformation, which is mainly manifested in instrumental changes and the expansion of the social procurement range. The modern educational system is yet to find a contemporary conceptual framework of a university that would satisfy the up-to-date requirements of the global information society in an age of digital revolution and dominate in the educational services market.

scholarly journals Networks as Drivers of National Innovative System Development in the Conditions of Globalization

2021 ◽  
Vol 92 ◽  
pp. 06019
Author(s):  
Alexander Kurochkin ◽  
Svetlana Morozova
Keyword(s):  
Industrial Revolution ◽  
Institutional Environment ◽  
Innovation Policy ◽  
System Development ◽  
Innovation System ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Innovative Development ◽  
Network Interaction ◽  
Building Information ◽  
The Impact

Research background: The modern social, political and economic challenges of the Fourth Industrial revolution and development of the Network Society actualized the problem of maximizing of effectiveness of innovative policy analysis as one of the key factors of economic and political competitiveness of national states, regions, cities and urban agglomerations in Global World. Purpose of the article: The study focuses on the impact of networking on the effectiveness of national innovative development in the context of globalization. In this vein, the main ways of network interaction are considered and the network model of innovation policy is analyzed. Methods: Modern innovation policy is a synthesis of scientific, economic, industrial, and partly regional policy of the state, aimed at the formation and maintenance of an adequate institutional environment for the process of creating, disseminating and introducing innovations. Thus the key feature of the research methodology is the combination of the New Institutional Approach and the Network Theory. Findings & Value added: The study provides a detailed analysis of international experience in the field of open innovation and innovative development based on network interaction. Moreover, the authors present the classification of countries that are leaders in the process of building information (communicative) and network infrastructure. Particular attention is paid to issues of network interaction at the global level and the case of Russian innovation system in this context.

scholarly journals Application of FIDIC general conditions in transport infrastructure projects in Croatia

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ksenija Čulo ◽  
Vladimir Skendrović
Keyword(s):  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Public Procurement ◽  
Standard Form ◽  
Transport Infrastructure ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Infrastructure Projects ◽  
Construction Contracts ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The World ◽  
General Conditions

Infrastructure is a broad term encompassing a wide range of facilities from roads and railway lines to wind, waste and water projects, oil and gas facilities, pipelines and processing plants. Whilst infrastructure construction contracts have key provisions in common, there is no one standard form that fits all projects. Any standard form will need to be tailored to suit the demands of the projects, the risk profile of the parties and comply with the legal jurisdiction of the contract and project location. Increasingly contractors are enhancing their expertise and working on infrastructure projects internationally. As a result, the forms of construction contracts used are becoming more standardized. Nowadays, FIDIC forms of contract are intended to be suitable for projects carried out around the world by all types of employers with the extensive support of large investors such as the World Bank or the European Union. The terms of the Conditions of Contract for Construction have been prepared by the Fédération Internationale des Ingénieurs-Conseils (FIDIC). Two most frequently used FIDIC models of construction contracts are Conditions of Contract for Construction (known as Red Book) and Conditions of Contract for Plant and Design-Build (known as Yellow Book). These general conditions are also used as contract conditions in Croatia for public procurement of transport infrastructure projects. The use of FIDIC General Conditions of Contract in the realization of transport infrastructure construction works in Croatia is presented in the paper.

scholarly journals Development and formation of Denmark innovation system: statistical overview

2019 ◽  
pp. 42-53
Author(s):  
I.S. Balanchuk
Keyword(s):  
Transition Period ◽  
Social Systems ◽  
Innovation System ◽  
Innovation Process ◽  
Historical Background ◽  
World Intellectual Property Organization ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Stage Of Development ◽  
The World ◽  
Political Economic

The author continues a series of research on the history, features and key moments of the emergence of innovative systems in Scandinavian countries. Scientific-innovative ecosystems have already been analyzed in such countries of Northern Europe as Sweden, Finland, Iceland. The next step is to familiarize you with the peculiarities of innovation in Denmark. Since Denmark is in the northern part of Europe, part of the Scandinavian countries, it is natural that the development of the Danish political, economic and social systems was in close connection with the evolution of the same systems in other states of the region. The same can be said about the development of the scientific component of the Danish statehood. And although Denmark has a number of its own, not similar features – natural resources, population composition, relief, etc. – the formation of the innovation system in it was entirely under the so-called “Scandinavian” scenario, that is moderately, consistently and evenly. In the course of studying this topic, the author tried to use already existing at present scientific work of foreign and domestic scientists. Unfortunately, with a large number of studies of innovative systems in Europe and its north, analytical reviews of the Danish subjects are practically absent. Therefore, the author widely used the statistical data and scientific reviews of the official sites of the European Union, the World Intellectual Property Organization, the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development, etc. The informative reports and analytical publications edited by these organizations have greatly contributed to a deeper analysis of the process of becoming, and especially the current state of the Danish innovation system, comparing it with other countries in the region and the world. In addition to the statistics, the study provides a brief historical background on the beginning of the country’s innovation – listed basic legal documents, analyzed the main components of the innovation system, called the leading “players” of the innovation process in Denmark. Concluding and looking for parallels for Ukraine, it became clear that at this stage of development, our states are very different from each other. The population, the territory, the minerals, and most importantly, the political, economic, social situation and, above all, the security picture are the main factors that make Ukraine and Denmark completely different from each other. Therefore, it is extremely difficult to provide practical recommendations for reforms in Ukraine under the “Danish” scenario. However, for today in Ukraine, we have a transition period, when a complete change of the state course in all directions is possible. Therefore, the author still hopes for at least a partial embodiment of the “Danish” (or “Scandinavian”) scenario in the development of the innovation system in Ukraine.

Tools for implementing smart specialization strategies in the European Union member states

2020 ◽  
pp. 62-70
Author(s):  
Khrystyna Prytula ◽  
Olha Demedyuk
Keyword(s):  
Innovation Policy ◽  
Public Procurement ◽  
Innovation Process ◽  
Financial Assistance ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Cluster Policy ◽  
Innovation Activities ◽  
Smart Specialization ◽  
Use Of Knowledge ◽  
The Eu

The main tools for the formation and implementation of Innovation Policy and Cohesion Policy, which are used to achieve the priorities set in smart specialization strategies at the national and regional levels, are studied. The peculiarities of their use in the context of individual regions of the EU are analyzed, taking into account the trends and development needs of each individual region or country; depending on the selected areas of smart specialization; depending on the type of region according to the OECD classification by economic profile, etc. The most common tools for implementing smart specialization priorities are identified: supporting the functioning of clusters, improving business start-up procedures, public procurement, financial assistance, cooperation with other regions, creating various platforms to stimulate cooperation between enterprises, scientists and authorities, improving the training processes, etc. Two types of cluster policy are analyzed: funding support activities, such as cluster mapping and supporting cluster development, without identifying priority areas (such as the Czech Republic); support for certain areas of activity. Two types of public procurement are outlined: those that promote innovation, i.e. the purchase of direct results of innovation activities, and innovative, i.e. the purchase of an innovation process, the results of which are not yet presented on the market. Forms of providing financial assistance to economic entities in the development of innovations that use certain regions of the EU in their smart specialization strategies are given, including lending, subsidies, access to project funding programs, etc. The tools of regional innovative development in the context of traditional, new and experimental tools and their contribution to the generation, dissemination and use of knowledge are systematized. The active and passive tools for supporting the development of innovations in the field of small and medium business and the peculiarities of their use at the global, regional and micro levels are presented.

scholarly journals Innovative efficiency of European countries and Ukraine according to the evaluation of the European innovation board

2021 ◽  
pp. 24-34
Author(s):  
H. I. Koreniako ◽  
V. S. Maltsev
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
European Union ◽  
Annual Report ◽  
Innovation Policy ◽  
Innovation System ◽  
European Countries ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Statistical Survey ◽  
Innovation Indicators ◽  
The Eu

Development of most countries depends on an effective innovation policy. Monitoring the innovation efficiency of both individual countries and the European Union as a whole is an integral part of decision-making to improve innovation policy. The European Commission’s annual report “European Innovation Scoreboard” for each EU member state and some other European countries provides indicators that characterize the differences and dynamics of innovation indicators. The methodology of the European Innovation Scoreboard, the composition and number of indicators are constantly changing. The article analyzes the results of the evaluation of innovation efficiency of countries taking into account the changes that have occurred in the methodology of the European Innovation Scoreboard in 2021 and the results of the evaluation of Ukraine against the European countries. There was a decrease of 5.3 % — to 29.8 % — of the consolidated Innovation Index of Ukraine for 2014–2021 compared to the EU in 2014. An analysis of the strengths and weaknesses of the innovation system of Ukraine is provided. Since domestic statistics is not available for all indicators, the data obtained for Ukraine is “less reliable”. Ukraine needs to improve its statistical survey of innovation and to radically revisit innovation policy.

scholarly journals STATE IN STABILIZATION OF SUSTAINABLE ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT IN NON-SAVING TERRITORIES

2018 ◽  
Vol 20 (2(67)) ◽  
pp. 58-68
Author(s):  
KJIMIZ PEJUNK ◽  
OLEKSII KVILINSKIY
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Institutional Environment ◽  
The State ◽  
Inclusive Development ◽  
Future Research ◽  
The European Union ◽  
The Sustainable Development ◽  
State Incentives

Topicality. The urgency of the problem of state incentives for the sustainable development of regions on the basis of economic freedom, property, rule of law and democracy is increasing in today's conditions of strengthening the role of such factors as globalization, competitiveness and innovation in the world. Aim and tasks. The purpose of the article is to study theoretical, methodological and practical recommendations, which should justify the tools for improving the state incentives for the sustainable development of regions in Ukraine and Poland, taking into account the experience gained from the European Union countries. Research results. Research and practice show that the development and rates of economic growth in the country depend on the efficiency of public institutions. They are one of the most important variables that explain the differences in the rates of economic growth in the groups of developing and transforming countries. It was found that the decentralization of state functions means that it delegates its powers to the structures it establishes, one of which is a region with, inter alia, administrative rights. Therefore, the article provides a comparative analysis of the legal conditions for the sustainable development of the regions in the EU, Poland and Ukraine. It should be noted that both the basis for smart development and inclusive development are important, however, this study focuses on the components of sustainable development, and, therefore, the stimulation of an economy that effectively uses resources, while being environmentally friendly and more competitive. Conclusions. It was found that in all the analyzed countries, the planning documents on the regional level take into account the basic principles of the arrangement, development and land use taking into account historical, economic, ecological, demographic, ethnic and cultural features of the region. Prospects for future research in the field of state incentives for sustainable development of regions are related to the effective structure of the formation of the institutional environment of the state.

scholarly journals International and domestic initiatives for e-commerce regulation

2021 ◽  
pp. 66
Author(s):  
Viktoriia Adamyk ◽  
Anastasiia Poritska
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
World Market ◽  
Legal Regulation ◽  
Legal Aspects ◽  
Future Research ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Clear Trend ◽  
Analysis And Synthesis ◽  
Degree Of Maturity ◽  
Key Aspects

Introduction. The development of online commerce, which is gradually displacing the traditional one, is a clear trend of global economic transformations. Key aspects of e-commerce, such as online transactions, privacy and consumer protection, and customs clearance, need to be regulated at the international and national levels.The purpose of the article is to study the development of e-commerce in retail goods in the XXI century. in the context of assessing the completeness and effectiveness of international and domesticResearch methods. General scientific and special methods were used to study the legal aspects of e-commerce regulation, namely: analysis and synthesis, induction and deduction, abstraction and concretization, description, characterization, generalization, comparison. The methodological basis for the study was international regulations (UN Laws, European Union Directives, Acts of International Organizations) and a list of laws of Ukraine on the regulation of the electronic sphere.Results. The analysis of indicators of e-commerce development on the world market is carried out, its rapid dynamics is pointed out. International initiatives to regulate e-commerce are considered. A comparison of aspects of legal regulation of e-commerce in Ukraine and the European Union is carried out. Conclusions are made on the completeness and degree of maturity of the institutional base. Emphasis was placed on the need to strengthen regulatory mechanisms in the field of e-commerce in order to create a modern institutional system adapted to the global and European.Perspectives. It is important to focus future research on the development of guidelines for determining the effectiveness of the implementation of initiatives to regulate e-commerce at the domestic and global levels.

A global perspective of entrepreneurship and innovation in China

2018 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 302-318 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Ahlstrom ◽  
Xiaohua Yang ◽  
Liang Wang ◽  
Changqi Wu
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Transition Economy ◽  
Business Models ◽  
Institutional Environment ◽  
Innovation System ◽  
Global Perspective ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Global Innovation

PurposeThis paper aims to study largely recent aspects of entrepreneurship and innovation in China. It synthesizes the research in the current special issue (SI) ofMultinational Business Review(MBR) on this topic. In addition, this paper differs from other work on this topic in examining entrepreneurship and innovation from a more global standpoint with relevant international effects.Design/methodology/approachThe paper provides an overview of the literature on entrepreneurship, innovation and key related topics such as firm and economic growth, as well as linking this research to related international works. It also summarizes the papers of the SI.FindingsThe authors’ analysis suggests that the study of entrepreneurship and innovation should be placed in the context of a country’s economic development and institutional environment as well as the firm internationalization trajectories and business models. In addition, the authors believe that a good understanding of economic growth in a transition economy like China (which is a key goal of China’s recent emphasis on innovation) is facilitated by understanding the comparative advantages and disadvantages of an economy with respect to the global innovation system.Originality/valueThe authors’ study explores the local-global and parent-subsidiary connectivity and co-evolution of firm strategies and the institutional environment in entrepreneurship and innovation in emerging and transition economies. The authors summarize and synthesize the papers in this SI to provide the results as well as some directions for future research in the domain of entrepreneurship, innovation and new venture creation, which is believed to be a key engine of economic growth in the coming years.

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