scholarly journals Assessing Commuting Energy and Emissions Savings through Remote Working and Carpooling: Lessons from an Italian Region

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (21) ◽  
pp. 7177
Author(s):  
Michel Noussan ◽  
Matteo Jarre
Keyword(s):  
Transport Sector ◽  
Supply Side ◽  
Detailed Data ◽  
Italian Region ◽  
Car Use ◽  
Passenger Demand ◽  
Greenhouse Gases Emissions ◽  
Specific Emissions ◽  
Commuting Distances ◽  
Occupancy Rates

Effective solutions are needed to decrease the greenhouse gases emissions of the transport sector, not only in terms of supply-side measures, but also including demand-side solutions. This paper focuses on the passenger demand related to daily commuting, either for work or study purposes. A bottom-up analysis is presented, which draws from detailed data for Lombardy, the most populous region in Northern Italy, to build an estimate of the annual energy consumption and emissions related to commuting. The potential of different measures to decrease emissions is evaluated, including the renovation of the vehicle stock, higher levels of remote working, and the deployment of carpooling schemes. The results show that the largest part of the current emissions from commuting is caused by car use, both due to its higher modal share and to the higher specific emissions, which are in turn also contributed by the low occupancy rates. The renewal of the current vehicle stock can lead to significant emission savings, thanks to both improved efficiency and higher shares of electrification. Remote working could also play a significant part, especially when it is applied to workers that face the longest commuting distances. Conversely, carpooling seems to be providing lower benefits, not so much because of lower effectiveness but more so because of constraints and barriers to its implementation.

scholarly journals Cross-Country Comparison of Hourly Electricity Mixes for EV Charging Profiles

Energies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (10) ◽  
pp. 2527 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michel Noussan ◽  
Francesco Neirotti
Keyword(s):  
Electric Vehicles ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Transport Sector ◽  
Greenhouse Gases Emissions ◽  
Viable Solution ◽  
Precise Analysis ◽  
Seasonal Basis ◽  
Specific Emissions ◽  
Average Variation ◽  
One Year

Electric vehicles, when coupled to electricity generation from renewable energy sources, can become a viable solution to decarbonize the transport sector. However, given the high variability of electricity mixes on a daily and seasonal basis, high-resolution profiles are needed for a precise analysis of the impacts of electric vehicles in terms of greenhouse gases emissions. This paper presents a comparison of different charging profiles evaluated on 10 European countries over four years, to highlight the effects of national electricity mixes and of the type of charging location on the specific emissions of EVs charging. This study, based on three archetypal charging profiles, provide a quantification of the potential influence of different charging strategies on the average emission factor of the electricity supplied to electric vehicles. The results show that the variability related to charging profiles is generally limited, with an average variation range of 6% for any given country and year, while in several countries the variability from one year to another is much larger, with an average range of 18% for any given country and charging profile.

scholarly journals Sustainable Mobility: Interdisciplinary Approaches

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (23) ◽  
pp. 9995
Author(s):  
Henrike Rau ◽  
Joachim Scheiner
Keyword(s):  
Greenhouse Gas Emissions ◽  
Greenhouse Gas ◽  
Transport Sector ◽  
Supply Side ◽  
Sustainable Mobility ◽  
Gas Emissions ◽  
Continuous Growth ◽  
Sustainability Transition ◽  
Interdisciplinary Approaches ◽  
Technological Means

The continuous growth in greenhouse gas emissions from the transport sector has led to calls for a sustainability transition that is largely driven by technological means and supply-side measures such as infrastructure and vehicles [...]

scholarly journals Assessment of Greenhouse Gases and Pollutant Emissions in the Road Freight Transport Sector: A Case Study for São Paulo State, Brazil

Energies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (20) ◽  
pp. 5433 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pedro Gerber Machado ◽  
Ana Carolina Rodrigues Teixeira ◽  
Flavia Mendes de Almeida Collaço ◽  
Adam Hawkes ◽  
Dominique Mouette
Keyword(s):  
Greenhouse Gases ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
Pollutant Emissions ◽  
Transport Sector ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
The Road ◽  
Paulo State ◽  
Greenhouse Gases Emissions ◽  
Road Freight ◽  
São Paulo State

This study analyzes the road freight sector of São Paulo state to identify the best options to reduce greenhouse gases emissions and local pollutants, such as particulate matter, nitrogen oxides, carbon monoxide, and hydrocarbons. Additionally, the investment cost of each vehicle is also analyzed. Results show that electric options, including hybrid, battery, and hydrogen fuel-cell electric vehicles represent the best options to reduce pollutants and greenhouse gases emissions concomitantly, but considerable barriers for their deployment are still in place. With little long-term planning on the state level, electrification of the transport system, in combination with increased renewable electricity generation, would require considerable financial support to achieve the desired emissions reductions without increasing energy insecurity.

Biofuels, Hybrid and Mitigations of Greenhouse Gases Emissions: Scenario Perspective for Algerian Transport Sector by 2050

2021 ◽  
Vol 54 ◽  
pp. 162-175
Author(s):  
Kamel Bencheikh ◽  
Noureddine Settou
Keyword(s):  
Greenhouse Gases ◽  
Alternative Fuels ◽  
Transport Sector ◽  
Liquefied Petroleum Gas ◽  
Road Transportation ◽  
Compressed Natural Gas ◽  
Greenhouse Gases Emissions ◽  
Transportation Sector ◽  
Semi Empirical ◽  
Transition Policy

The expanding and highly greedy Algerian transport sector is totally depending on petro-products, due to the rising numbers of automobile fleets and the excessive dependence on road transportation. Irrecoverable Greenhouse gases GHGs emitted by this sector are constantly increasing. As a result, consumption of diesel and gasoline reached record levels. Consequently, there is a strong need of cleaner, eco-friendly and economically viable alternative fuels. Biofuels, electric, compressed natural gas CNG, liquefied petroleum gas LGP vehicles, are expected to play a crucial role in meeting energy and environmental policies targets. In this paper, the Algerian transport sector perspectives and Greenhouse gases mitigations, in different shaped scenarios based on semi-empirical models, are analyzed and discussed. For adequate policy shaped in a scenario, in 2050, annual Algerian consumption could decrease up to 35%, 43% of CO2 emissions and 73% of NOx emissions could be mitigated compared to no-intervention scenario. These promising findings indicate the huge potential of resource diversification on the transportation sector. Therefore, implementing such policies is fundamental for a durable Algerian’s transportation sector transition policy.

Stimulating biogas in the transport sector in a Swedish region – An actor and policy analysis with supply side focus

2019 ◽  
Vol 113 ◽  
pp. 109269 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tomas Lönnqvist ◽  
Stefan Anderberg ◽  
Jonas Ammenberg ◽  
Thomas Sandberg ◽  
Stefan Grönkvist
Keyword(s):  
Policy Analysis ◽  
Transport Sector ◽  
Supply Side

Changing demographics

2019 ◽  
pp. 327-348
Author(s):  
Charles Musselwhite ◽  
Kiron Chatterjee
Keyword(s):  
Older People ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Later Life ◽  
Transport Sector ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Car Use ◽  
Insurance Costs ◽  
Service Jobs ◽  
Changing Demographics ◽  
Access Services

Older people are travelling more than previous generations, especially by private vehicle. By contrast there has been a decline in car use among the younger population. We highlight how many of the reasons for these trends lie outside the transport sector. Younger people are living at home longer, delaying getting married and having children later in life. A decline in young people’s disposable income, a growth in low-end service jobs and the rise of precarious employment are also likely to be key contributors to a reduction in car use, especially with rising learning to drive and insurance costs. Younger people are also more likely to live in urban areas, which means less need for private vehicles. Older people are more likely to live in dispersed communities that require a car to access services and shops. They are less likely to use the internet for shopping, for accessing services and for staying connected to people. They have lived through a time of increased reliance and norms around using the car and continue this into later life. Examining mobility in relation to age suggests a need to look at how transport matters from the viewpoint of individuals and their relationship with society.

scholarly journals Passenger Transport Energy Use in Ten Swedish Cities: Understanding the Differences through a Comparative Review

Energies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (14) ◽  
pp. 3719
Author(s):  
Jeffrey R. Kenworthy
Keyword(s):  
Energy Conservation ◽  
Public Transport ◽  
Energy Use ◽  
Transport Infrastructure ◽  
Transport Sector ◽  
Passenger Transport ◽  
Car Use ◽  
Private And Public ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
Transport Energy Use

Energy conservation in the passenger transport sector of cities is an important policy matter. There is a long history of transport energy conservation, dating back to the first global oil crisis in 1973–1974, the importance and significance of which is explained briefly in this paper. Detailed empirical data on private and public passenger transport energy use are provided for Sweden’s ten largest cities in 2015 (Stockholm, Göteborg, Malmö, Linköping, Helsingborg, Uppsala, Jönköping, Örebro, Västerås and Umeå), as well as Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany, which is a benchmark small city, well-known globally for its sustainability credentials, including mobility. These data on per capita energy use in private and public transport, as well as consumption rates per vehicle kilometer and passenger kilometer for every mode in each Swedish city and Freiburg, are compared with each other and with comprehensive earlier data on a large sample of US, Australian, Canadian, European and Asian cities. Swedish cities are found to have similar levels of per capita car use and energy use in private transport as those found in other European cities, but in the context of significantly lower densities. Possible reasons for the observed Swedish patterns are explored through detailed data on their land use, public and private transport infrastructure, and service and mobility characteristics. Relative to their comparatively low densities, Swedish cities are found to have healthy levels of public transport provision, relatively good public transport usage and very healthy levels of walking and cycling, all of which help to contribute to their moderate car use and energy use.

scholarly journals A COVID-19 Public Transport Frequency Setting Model That Includes Short-Turning Options

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-20
Author(s):  
Yoran de Weert ◽  
Konstantinos Gkiotsalitis
Keyword(s):  
Public Transport ◽  
Mixed Integer ◽  
Transport Sector ◽  
Quadratic Program ◽  
High Demand ◽  
Social Distancing ◽  
The Public ◽  
Passenger Demand ◽  
Transport Services ◽  
The Impact

The COVID-19 pandemic has had an enormous impact on the public transport sector. After the start of the pandemic, passenger demand dropped significantly for public transport services. In addition, social distancing measures have resulted in introducing pandemic-imposed capacity limitations to public transport vehicles. Consequently, public transport operators should adjust their planning to minimize the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic. This study introduces a mixed-integer quadratic program that sets the optimal frequencies of public transport lines and sublines in order to conform with the pandemic-imposed capacity. The focus is on cases where the public transport demand is high, but the crowding levels inside public transport vehicles should remain below the pandemic-imposed capacities. Of particular interest are public transport lines with skewed demand profiles that can benefit from the introduction of short-turning sublines that serve the high-demand line segments. The frequency setting model is tested on a network containing two high-demand bus lines in the Twente region in the Netherlands, and it demonstrates that the revenue losses due to social distancing can be reduced when implementing short-turning service patterns.

scholarly journals Bioenergy production and utilization in different sectors in Sweden: A state of the art review

BioResources ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 9834-9857
Author(s):  
Stephen O. Amiandamhen ◽  
Anuj Kumar ◽  
Stergios Adamopoulos ◽  
Dennis Jones ◽  
Bengt Nilsson
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Energy Use ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
District Heating ◽  
Transport Sector ◽  
Bioenergy Production ◽  
Greenhouse Gases Emissions ◽  
Environmental Footprints ◽  
International Discourse ◽  
Change Mitigation

In the continual desire to reduce the environmental footprints of human activities, research efforts to provide cleaner energy is increasingly becoming vital. The effect of climate change on present and future existence, sustainable processes, and utilizations of renewable resources have been active topics within international discourse. In order to reduce the greenhouse gases emissions from traditional materials and processes, there has been a shift to more environmental friendly alternatives. The conversion of biomass to bioenergy, including biofuels has been considered to contribute to the future of climate change mitigation, although there are concerns about carbon balance from forest utilization. Bioenergy accounts for more than one-third of all energy used in Sweden and biomass has provided about 60% of the fuel for district heating. Apart from heat and electricity supply, the transport sector, with about 30% of global energy use, has a significant role in a sustainable bioenergy system. This review presents the state of the art in the Swedish bioenergy sector based on literature and Swedish Energy Agency’s current statistics. The review also discusses the overall bioenergy production and utilization in different sectors in Sweden. The current potential, challenges, and environmental considerations of bioenergy production are also discussed.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document