scholarly journals Development of Transport for Disabled People on the Example of Wheelchair Propulsion with Cam-Thread Drive

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (23) ◽  
pp. 8137
Author(s):  
Jarosław Gabryelski ◽  
Przemysław Kurczewski ◽  
Maciej Sydor ◽  
Agnieszka Szperling ◽  
Dariusz Torzyński ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Field Tests ◽  
Human Movement ◽  
Social Needs ◽  
Electric Drives ◽  
System A ◽  
Frequent Use ◽  
Driving Speed ◽  
Human Muscles ◽  
Effective Use ◽  
Structural Solutions

The increasingly frequent use of electric drives is a new direction of development in personal transport. Sometimes these drives take over the work of human muscles, and sometimes they only support them. This is particularly evident in means of transport such as bicycles and scooters, but also in transporting people with disabilities. This study questions whether this is the only right development direction, and explores the possibility of developing means of transport for the more effective use of human muscles by proposing new structural solutions. We identified that such an action favors the minimization of the environmental load generated by technical facilities and, at the same time, may be a response to social needs resulting from the principles of sustainable development. This paper presents the operation principle of the innovative Wheelchair Cam-thread Drive (WCD), followed by field tests, laboratory measurements and biomechanical analyses of the WCD, comparing it with a typical Wheelchair Push-rim Drive (WPD). We found that the WCD allows efficient driving on flat and level surfaces, but its propulsion method can adversely alter the location of the center of gravity on the human-wheelchair system. A brake is also required to control the driving speed. Ultimately, the WCD was found to put less strain on the human movement system, so it could be used for rehabilitation exercises. The WCD appears to be a promising design, deserving further research into the drive biomechanics and the optimization of the mechanism operation. Such an innovative manual drive presents an interesting alternative to electric drives.

Control System for the Mountainous Orchard Electric-Drive Monorail Transporter

2015 ◽  
Vol 738-739 ◽  
pp. 935-940 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhen Li ◽  
Pei Xu ◽  
Yu Ping Ouyang ◽  
Shi Lei Lv ◽  
Qiu Fang Dai
Keyword(s):  
Control System ◽  
Electric Drive ◽  
Gear Ratio ◽  
System A ◽  
Speed Measurement ◽  
Driving Speed ◽  
Current Consumption ◽  
Operation Risk ◽  
Load Weight ◽  
Steep Hill

In order to reduce operation risk and working intensity in mountainous orchard transportation and to realize optimized control for the mountainous orchard electric-drive monorail transportation system, a mountainous orchard electric-drive monorail transporter control system was designed and developed in this study. The system mainly consists of modules as: manual and remote control, positioning, obstacle avoidance, speed measurement, motor control, electric-magnetic break, and the position limit. The driving speed, current consumption, break control, and battery pack running ability experiments were conducted to test the control system. Results indicated that, the transporter’s driving speed is 0.60~0.58 m/s when it is running on the ground with the load weight from 0 to 100kg. This speed is little affected by the load weight. The transporter’s driving speed is 0.45~0.28 m/s when it is climbing a steep hill with an angle of 39°. That speed is critically affected by the load weight. In further improvements, a shift mechanism will be introduced so that adjustable gear ratio could be achieved thus solve the current overload problem in a full load situation.

Rethinking the Formation of Public Distribution System: A Class-Focused Approach

2021 ◽  
pp. 048661342110349
Author(s):  
Soumik Sarkar ◽  
Anjan Chakrabarti
Keyword(s):  
Food Security ◽  
Distribution System ◽  
Social Needs ◽  
Surplus Labor ◽  
The Public ◽  
Public Distribution System ◽  
System A ◽  
Historical Condition ◽  
Indian State ◽  
The 1960S

Using the methodology of overdetermination, class process of surplus labor as the entry point and socially determined need of food security, we deliver an alternative class-focused rendition of the public distribution system (PDS) in India. We first surmise our theoretical framework to infer that the overdetermined and contradictory relation of class and social needs matter for PDS. Beyond the reasoning of being pro-poor, fair, or wasteful, we deploy this framework to reinterpret the formation of Indian PDS in the 1960s. Its demonstration requires revisiting the historical condition that shaped capital’s passive revolution through the post-independence Indian state and its subsequent crisis arising out of the contradictions and conflicts in the class-need space. We argue that PDS signals a case of success and not failure of capitalism.

Computergestuurde Adaptieve Toetsen Nederlands als Tweede Taal in de Volwasseneneducatie

2001 ◽  
Vol 66 ◽  
pp. 41-52
Author(s):  
Uriel Schuurs ◽  
Cocky Verweij
Keyword(s):  
Second Language ◽  
Logistic Model ◽  
Field Tests ◽  
Item Bank ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Computer Adaptive Test ◽  
Test Items ◽  
Adaptive Test ◽  
Frequent Use

In the education of Dutch as a Second Language, frequent use is made of paper-based tests. In this contribution, we describe how an adaptive test was constructed on the basis of an item bank which already existed and test items that were written specifically for use in a computer test. Several advantages of a computer adaptive test are dealt with. We describe how field tests for Reading and Listening were carried out in order to scale the test items, using a One Parameter Logistic Model. In addition, research that was carried out on the basis of questionnaires clearly demonstrates that the computer test is satisfying for the students, as test results are immediately available to them. Teachers seemed to need some time to get used to the computer test, but they also stated that the computer test accurately reflected language levels of their students.

Study on Advanced Use and Social Value of Existing Fishing Port Space

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bungo Okuzawa ◽  
Shimpei Kato ◽  
Takeo Kondo ◽  
Kazukiyo Yamamoto ◽  
Masaharu Kimoto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Current System ◽  
Modern Society ◽  
Higher Order ◽  
Social Needs ◽  
Social Value ◽  
Class Iii ◽  
New Classification ◽  
Port Facilities ◽  
The Social ◽  
Effective Use

In recent years, the fishery population in Japanese fishing ports has halved with a decline of the fishery industry, and the use of fishing port facilities has also been declining. Because of this, there is a demand for effective use of existing fishing ports, which have thus far served only for the primary industry, and there is a transition in their use to higher order industries, indicating a change in the social value of fishing ports. In this study, the social value for realizing the higher order use of fishing port space was analyzed based on the locations of the port, the value of the land, and social needs. Although, with the current classification, 2921 existing fishing ports can be classified into 5 categories, designated class III fishing ports (13 ports), class III fishing ports (114 ports), class II fishing ports (496 ports), class I fishing ports (2210 ports), and class IV fishing ports (101 ports), the findings of this study were applied to develop a new classification which incorporated new social conditions. In this paper, the social value of fishing ports in modern society is shown, and a new classification of fishing ports which differs from the current system based solely on the port size is discussed, taking their social value into consideration.

EXAMINATION AND ASSESSMENT OF SPECIAL PURPOSE VEHICLE CREWS’ COMFORT WHILE OPERATING IN OFF-ROAD CONDITIONS

2017 ◽  
Vol 185 (3) ◽  
pp. 132-147 ◽  
Author(s):  
Witold LUTY ◽  
Włodzimierz KUPICZ ◽  
Marcin ZWIERZYŃSKI
Keyword(s):  
Rapid Development ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
The Road ◽  
Special Purpose Vehicle ◽  
System A ◽  
Lack Of Information ◽  
Military Vehicle ◽  
Driving Speed ◽  
Wheeled Vehicles ◽  
Important Character

In the era of the rapid development of motorization one of the most important character-istics of transport vehicles is the safety and comfort of their drivers and passengers. In par-ticular, people driving vehicles professionally are exposed to vibrations, which may ad-versely affect their bodies, causing discomfort, dysfunctions, and even lesions of disease. The vibration level triggered by the system a road – a vehicle depends on the type and pro-file of the road surface as well as the driving speed. Vibration levels are assessed by means of characteristics and comfort comparative indexes determined by experimental methods. Attempts at assessing the comfort while driving along paved roads may be found in many publications; however, there is a lack of information on testing vehicles moving in off-road conditions, which is substantial from the point of view of military vehicle crews’ comfort. The driving comfort of crews of wheeled vehicles is subjected to examinations at the Mili-tary Institute of Armored and Automotive Technology.

The Local Aspect of Social Security – the Case of Warmia and Masuria

2018 ◽  
Vol 28 (28) ◽  
pp. 22-34 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bogdan Chmieliński
Keyword(s):  
Social Security ◽  
Local Authority ◽  
Social Needs ◽  
Regional Differentiation ◽  
Allocation Of Resources ◽  
State Security ◽  
System A ◽  
Rational Allocation ◽  
The Social ◽  
Innovative Solutions

Social security is an element of the broadly understood state security system. A centralized approach to managing social needs does not take into account the local and regional differentiation of a population’s preferences, and, as a result, does not allocate resources in an optimal fashion. Decentralisation contributes to improving efficiency by way of more effective adaptation of public services to social needs, which is achieved by gaining a wider and deeper knowledge about the needs of local communities. Greater power of local authority bodies inspires innovative solutions and stimulates activity and competition between territorial units. It contributes to the rational allocation of resources at the disposal of local authorities, which leads to the conclusion that they are dominant with regard to exercising the social function of the state.

Patient and clinician perspectives of an integrated electronic medication prescribing and dispensing system: A qualitative study at a multisite Australian hospital network

2017 ◽  
Vol 48 (1) ◽  
pp. 12-23 ◽  
Author(s):  
Grace Lau ◽  
Jayde Ho ◽  
Susan Lin ◽  
Karen Yeoh ◽  
Tiffany Wan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Positive Impact ◽  
Electronic Prescribing ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
System A ◽  
Clinician Perspectives ◽  
Perceived Impact ◽  
Effective Use ◽  
Clinician Attitudes ◽  
Australian Hospital

Background: While clinician attitudes towards electronic prescribing (e-prescribing) systems have been widely studied, little is known about the perspectives of patients, despite being the primary beneficiaries of these systems. Objective: The objective of this study is to explore and compare patient and clinician attitudes towards an integrated e-prescribing and dispensing system, in order to guide improvements in system implementation, service delivery and enhancements to system functionality. Method: A cross-sectional survey was developed and administered to patients and multidisciplinary clinicians at a multisite Australian metropolitan teaching hospital network in all areas where e-prescribing was fully implemented. Participants’ views on perceived impact and valued features of the e-prescribing system were elucidated. Results: Overall, 783 participants (400 patients and 383 clinicians) completed the survey. Although 98% of clinicians were aware of the transition to e-prescriptions, only 36% of patients were aware prior to the study. Over 80% of patients and clinicians perceived improvements in prescribing and dispensing safety and clinician workflow; 90% of patients were comfortable with information privacy associated with e-prescriptions; and 86% of patients preferred e-prescriptions to handwritten prescriptions. Although over 80% of patients valued features that improved access to information and medication safety, clinicians were more discerning about valued system features. Conclusion: The majority of patients and clinicians reported a positive impact of e-prescribing on safety and efficiency. Both groups valued safe and effective use of medicines, although differences existed in the importance placed on key system features. A greater focus on patient engagement and communication is needed to optimise the delivery of patient-centred care.

scholarly journals AVALIAÇÃO DO DESEMPENHO DE SISTEMAS DE IRRIGAÇÃO POR ASPERSÃO CONVENCIONAL FIXO E GOTEJAMENTO EM VILA RURAL

Irriga ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-62 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eguimar Amorim Maciel de Souza ◽  
Paula Cristina de Souza ◽  
Márcio Antônio Vilas Boas
Keyword(s):  
Water Distribution ◽  
Irrigation System ◽  
Field Tests ◽  
Irrigation Systems ◽  
Rural Village ◽  
System A ◽  
De Se ◽  
Distribution Uniformity ◽  
And Storage

AVALIAÇÃO DO DESEMPENHO DE SISTEMAS DE IRRIGAÇÃO POR ASPERSÃO CONVENCIONAL FIXO E GOTEJAMENTO EM VILA RURAL  Eguimar Amorim Maciel de Souza; Paula Cristina de Souza; Márcio Antônio Vilas BoasCentro de Ciências Exatas e Tecnológicas, Universidade do Oeste do Paraná,  Cascavel , Pr, [email protected]  1 RESUMO           O manejo racional da irrigação consiste na aplicação da quantidade necessária de água às plantas no momento correto. É recomendável após a instalação de um sistema de irrigação, proceder-se a testes de campo, com o objetivo de se verificar a adequação da irrigação recomendando, quando necessário, ajustes na operação e, principalmente, no manejo. O propósito deste trabalho foi avaliar dois sistemas de irrigação, sendo um por aspersão convencional fixo e outro por gotejamento,  implantados na Vila Rural Flor do Campo, localizada na região Noroeste do Estado do Paraná, através da determinação dos parâmetros de uniformidade e eficiência de distribuição de água.  Foram utilizadas as metodologias propostas na norma ABNT NBR ISO 7749-2, Asae (1995) e por Keller & Karmeli (1975).   Foram realizados trinta ensaios em cada sistema de irrigação. Para o sistema de irrigação por aspersão foi obtido  CUC  de 77,9%, considerado abaixo do valor mínimo aceitável de 80%, sendo que  a velocidade do vento variou de 0 a 2,4 m s-1. As eficiências de aplicação (Ea) e armazenagem (Es) obtidas neste sistema foram, respectivamente, de 77,0% e 48,8%. No sistema de irrigação por gotejamento foi obtido CUC de 93,7% considerado valor excelente. A Uniformidade de Emissão (UE) encontrada foi de 89,3% sendo considerada boa. As eficiências de aplicação (Ea) e armazenagem (Es) obtidas neste sistema foram, respectivamente, de 100% e 65,0 %. UNITERMOS: Irrigação, aspersão convencional, gotejamento,       uniformidade, eficiência,  avaliação.  SOUZA, E. A. M.; SOUZA, P.C.; VILAS BOAS, M. A. PERFORMANCE EVALUATION OF FIXED CONVENTIONAL ASPERSION AND DRIPPING IRRIGATION SYSTEMS IN  A RURAL VILLAGE  2 ABSTRACT The rational handling of the irrigation consists of the application of the necessary amount of water to the plants at the correct moment. After the installation of an irrigation system, it is recommended the field tests be carried out in order to  verify the adequacy of the recommended irrigation and , when necessary, to adjust the operation and, mainly, the handling. The aim of this work was to evaluate two irrigation  systems,  a fixed conventional aspersion system and a dripping one, installed in the l Flor do Campo, a rural village located in the Northwest of Paraná state, through the determination of the parameters of water distribution uniformity and efficiency. The methodologies used were according to the  ABNT NBR ISO 7749-2 norm, Asae (1995) and for Keller & Karmeli (1975). Thirty assays in each irrigation system were tested. In the irrigation system with  aspersion CUC of 77.9%, which is considered below the minimum acceptable value of 80%, was found  considering that the wind speed varied from   0 to  2.4 ms-1. The efficiencies of application (Ea) and storage (Es) obtained in this system were 77.0% and 48.8 %, respectively. In the dripping  irrigation system, a CUC of 93.7%, considered an excellent value,  was found. The EU was 89.3% and considered good. The efficiencies of application (Ea) and storage (Es) gotten in this system were  100% and 65. 0 %, respectively. KEY WORDS: Irrigation, conventional aspersion, dripping, uniformity, efficiency, evaluation.

scholarly journals Stress Analysis of the Sugar Beet Lifter with the Finite Element Method (FEM)

2019 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 29-39
Author(s):  
Marek Boryga ◽  
Paweł Kołodziej
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element Method ◽  
Finite Element ◽  
Sugar Beet ◽  
Stress Analysis ◽  
Field Tests ◽  
Torsional Stiffness ◽  
The Finite Element Method ◽  
Flexible System ◽  
System A ◽  
Element Method

AbstractThe article presents the method of creating a 3D model of a passive lifter with (polder) plowshares, used in sugar beet harvesters, along with stages of its preparation and results of stress analysis. The computer simulation takes into account force timelines obtained during field tests of the tool. The Stress analysis module of the Autodesk Inventor program was used for the analysis, using the finite element method (FEM). The analysis included the elements that constitute the working part of the lifter, whereas elements of the flexible system were omitted. The results confirm that the lifter structure was developed correctly in terms of durability. The highest reduced stresses, calculated according to the Huber-Mises-Hencky (HMH) hypothesis, were 128.4 MPa (the minimum value of the safety factor related to the yield point is 1.61). The paper also discusses the construction of two flexible couplings with infinitely variable torsional stiffness, which can be used as an alternative solution for a typical flexible system: a shock absorber and a helical spring.

Design and Evaluation of a Pneumatic Gantry Robot for the Grinding of Steel Blanks

2003 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ashar Raoufi ◽  
Brian Surgenor
Keyword(s):  
Field Tests ◽  
Grinding Process ◽  
Programmable Logic ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Pressure Transducers ◽  
System A ◽  
Laboratory Test Results ◽  
Combined Control ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Gantry Robot

This paper describes the design and evaluation of a pneumatic gantry robot that is used to grind the edges of steel blanks as part of a finishing operation prior to being stamped. The objective of this research project is to automate the grinding process in order to reduce the frequency of cracking. The required force and degree of precision needed were thought to be within the capabilities of a pneumatically actuated robot. This would keep the cost of the apparatus down, which was important given the low capital cost of the manual operation. Furthermore, given that manipulation of the air pressure is the mechanism used to move a pneumatic actuator, the combined control of force and position is inherent to the system. A number of different pneumatic circuit configurations were examined before adopting a design that uses a combination of directional solenoid and flow control valves controlled by a Programmable Logic Controller (PLC). Pressure transducers and analog linear potentiometers are used for data acquisition. Laboratory test results are presented as well as a discussion of additional work that must be completed with the pneumatic gantry robot before field tests are conducted.

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