scholarly journals Turning Waste Cooking Oils into Biofuels—Valorization Technologies: A Review

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 116
Author(s):  
Lucas Nascimento ◽  
André Ribeiro ◽  
Ana Ferreira ◽  
Nádia Valério ◽  
Vânia Pinheiro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Global Warming ◽  
Alternative Fuels ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Agricultural Waste ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Sustainable Society ◽  
Economic Perspective ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Waste Cooking Oils ◽  
Cooking Oils

In search of a more sustainable society, humanity has been looking to reduce the environmental impacts caused by its various activities. The energy sector corresponds to one of the most impactful activities since most energies produced come from fossil fuels, such as oil and coal, which are finite resources. Moreover, their inherent processes to convert energy into electricity emit various pollutants, which are responsible for global warming, eutrophication, and acidification of soil and marine environments. Biofuels are one of the alternatives to fossil fuels, and the raw material used for their production includes vegetable oils, wood and agricultural waste, municipal waste, and waste cooking oils (WCOs). The conventional route for WCO valorization is the production of biodiesel, which, as all recovery technologies, presents advantages and disadvantages that must be explored from a technical and economic perspective. Despite its successful use in the production of biodiesel, it should be noticed that there are other approaches to use WCO. Among them, thermochemical technologies can be applied to produce alternative fuels through cracking or hydrocracking, pyrolysis, and gasification processes. For each technology, the best conditions were identified, and finally, projects and companies that work with this type of technology and use WCO were identified.

scholarly journals Production of Biodiesel from Non- Edible Oil (WCO)

2020 ◽  
pp. 268-271
Author(s):  
Saroj Rani ◽  
Sukhdeep Kaur ◽  
Shivani . ◽  
Harneet Kaur
Keyword(s):  
Vegetable Oils ◽  
Alternative Fuels ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Good Alternative ◽  
Environmental Benefits ◽  
Ethyl Esters ◽  
Energy Demands ◽  
Waste Cooking Oils ◽  
Cooking Oils ◽  
Short Time

Today world’s energy demands are increasing day by day due to increase in population, standard of living, industrialization& urbanization and which are mostly fulfilled by fossil fuels. Fossil fuels are non-renewable so its reserves are getting declined and also it is environmentally unreasonable. This made an interest in the area of alternative fuels. Biodiesel can be good alternative fuel because of its renewability and environmental benefits and apart from this it can be a strategic source of energy for the countries which doesn’t have oilfields. Biodiesel can be produced from edible, non-edible, algae and waste cooking oils. There are four essential approaches to make biodiesel, direct use and mixing, miniaturized scale emulsions, warm breaking (pyrolysis) and Transesterification. The most regularly utilized technique is transesterification of vegetable oils and creature fats. This researches the transesterification response of refined vegetable oils by methods for ethanol, utilizing sodium methoxide and sodium hydroxide as impetuses. Especially, the goal of this work was to plan ethyl esters with the two distinctive homogeneous impetuses, while the response had been done in one stage. A short time later, the subsequent items were assessed with respect to the physicochemical properties

scholarly journals A review on production of biodiesel from waste cooking oils

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 32-41
Author(s):  
Muzhda Azizi ◽  
Sweeta Akbari
Keyword(s):  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Greenhouse Gas Emission ◽  
Good Alternative ◽  
Waste Cooking Oil ◽  
Biodiesel Production ◽  
Waste Cooking Oils ◽  
Low Toxicity ◽  
The One ◽  
Cooking Oils ◽  
Different Sources

Nowadays, preservation of natural resources on earth is one of the most important concerns of humanity. In this regard, increasing the consumption of energy is one of the most critical challenges that humans are facing. Because, on the one hand, the untapped use of different sources of energy from fossil fuels can destroy this natural resource and, on the other hand, pollution from the use of these resources is a serious threat to the environment. Recent research suggests that affordable, sustainable and environmentally friendly fuels, which can be a good alternative to fossil fuels, have become more important. Therefore, biodiesel has made it possible to release less greenhouse gas emission and low toxicity emissions, which can partly meet fuel requirements and is the best alternative for petroleum diesel. In addition, the waste cooking oils are a major source of biodiesel for their essential compounds, such as glycerol. The use of waste cooking oils can reduce biodiesel production cost by 60 to 90 percent. Therefore, the main objective of this review is to study the production of biodiesel using transesterification reaction of waste cooking oil as an alternative fuel to petroleum diesel that can be used easily in diesel engines.

High Performance Alternative Diesel Engine Fuel using Modified Rice Straw Catalyst

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rehab Metwally ◽  
hassan Abu Hashish ◽  
Haitham Abd El-Samad ◽  
Mostafa Awad ◽  
Ghada Kadry
Keyword(s):  
Rice Straw ◽  
Conversion Efficiency ◽  
Diesel Engines ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Alternative Fuels ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Methyl Esters ◽  
Agricultural Waste ◽  
Biodiesel Production ◽  
Engine Fuel

Abstract Background: The world depends almost on fossil fuels. This leads to depletion of oil and an increase in environmental pollution. Therefore, the researchers search to find alternative fuels. Waste cooking oil (WCO) was selected as feedstock for biodiesel production to eliminates the pollution problems. The agricultural waste is very big and without cost, this leads to the use of the rice straw in preparing a catalyst for biodiesel production. Results: The reusability of the acidic catalyst confirmed that the conversion efficiency was high until after 8 cycles of the production. The highest conversion efficiency of the converting WCO extended to 90.38% with 92.5% maximum mass yield and methyl ester content 97.7% wt. at the optimized conditions. The result was indicating that B15 is the best blend for thermal efficiency and specific fuel consumption. All emission concentrations decrease with increasing the engine load, especially for B15 fuels compared to the diesel oil.Conclusion: The novelty of this paper is assessing the methyl esters from the local WCO as an alternative fuel for diesel engines using a heterogeneous catalyst based on the agricultural waste. The performance of the diesel engines and its exhaust emissions have been experimentally investigated with the produced biodiesel of WCO as a blend (B10, B15, and B20) compared to the diesel.

scholarly journals Innovative applications of waste cooking oil as raw material

2019 ◽  
Vol 102 (2) ◽  
pp. 153-160 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alberto Mannu ◽  
Monica Ferro ◽  
Maria Enrica Di Pietro ◽  
Andrea Mele
Keyword(s):  
Hazardous Waste ◽  
Industrial Application ◽  
Waste Cooking Oil ◽  
Review Article ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Cooking Oil ◽  
Waste Cooking Oils ◽  
Cooking Oils ◽  
Recycled Waste

The consideration towards waste cooking oils is changing from hazardous waste to valuable raw material for industrial application. During the last 5 years, some innovative processes based on the employment of recycled waste cooking oil have appeared in the literature. In this review article, the most recent and innovative applications of recycled waste cooking oil are reported and discussed. These include the production of bioplasticizers, the application of chemicals derived from waste cooking oils as energy vectors and the use of waste cooking oils as a solvent for pollutant agents.

Forest-River-Ocean Nexus-Based Education for Community Development

2019 ◽  
pp. 224-248
Author(s):  
Shimon Mizutani ◽  
Kai Liao ◽  
Tsuyoshi Goto Sasaki
Keyword(s):  
Global Warming ◽  
Community Development ◽  
Human Resources ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Human Resources Management ◽  
Sustainable Use ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Sustainable Society ◽  
Biological Resources ◽  
Adaptive Cycle

Bioeconomic research aims at developing a more resource-efficient and sustainable society that uses renewable biological resources to produce food, materials, and energy. Economic supremacy causes many problems, such as global warming, depletion of fossil fuels and natural resources, and loss of biodiversity. In order to build a more sustainable society with resource efficiency, it is necessary to discuss the institutional framework, which includes environmental assessment, environmental monitoring, biological resource management, human resources management, and education. This chapter examined the effectiveness of forest-river-ocean nexus-based education for community development (FRONE) in encouraging the sustainable use of biological resources. Combined with the adaptive cycle, FRONE is considered to have the potential to promote the sustainable use of biological resources. In the future, further bioeconomic research from the point of view of the education system will be needed.

scholarly journals PENGARUH KOMPOSISI BRIKET BIOMASSA KULIT KACANG TANAH DAN ARANG TONGKOL JAGUNG TERHADAP KARAKTERISTIK BRIKET

2015 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Purnawarman Purnawarman ◽  
Nurchayati Nurchayati ◽  
Yesung Allo Padang
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Content ◽  
Alternative Fuels ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Agricultural Waste ◽  
Ash Content ◽  
Heating Value ◽  
Renewable Biomass ◽  
Lower Heating Value ◽  
Petroleum Reserves ◽  
Lower Heating

Energy crisis in the world especially from fossil fuels which caused by the depletion of non-renewable petroleum reserves. It is therefore necessary to find sources of alternative fuels that are renewable. Biomass is a solid waste that can be used as a fuels source. Peanuts shell and cobs are biomass from agricultural waste which is quite abundant so it is potential to be used as a source of alternative fuels.In this study, peanuts shell biomass combined with charcoal cobs to be made into briquettes by varying the percentage composition of peanuts shell biomass and charcoal cobs as follows 75 : 25, 50 : 50, and 25 : 75. Briquettes that have been printed and then tested its characteristic include heating value, moisture content and ash content.The results show that as the increasing percentage of the charcoal cobs  have a significant influence on the characteristic of the briquettes. Briquettes with mix KKT 25 : ATJ 75 has an higher heating value (HHV) and lower heating value (LHV) the highest is equal to 28.718 kJ/kg and 28.279 kJ/kg, and the lowest percentage of moisture content is equal to 5.854%, but the highest result percentage of ash content is equal to 9.326%. Based on the test of these characteristic, biomass briquettes peanuts shell - charcoal cobs meet quality standards that have been established and eligible to became a source of alternative fuels.

scholarly journals Improving The Economic And Environmental Performance Of Engines Through The Use Of Alternative Fuels

2021 ◽  
Vol 03 (04) ◽  
pp. 123-129
Author(s):  
Ismatov J.F. ◽  
◽  
Jalilov J.Kh. ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Alternative Fuels ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Engine Performance ◽  
Road Transport ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Toxic Waste ◽  
Steady Increase ◽  
Hydrogen Energy ◽  
Environmental Friendliness

The rapid depletion of fossil fuels and the steady increase in human energy consumption, leading to environmental pollution, are creating a situation characterized as an energy-environmental degradation. For this reason, extensive research is being conducted to address the problem of reducing the consumption of non-renewable energy sources and pollution of the environment with toxic waste. In such cases, the concept of hydrogen energy, ie the use of hydrogen as a source of energy on a large industrial scale and in road transport, is important. The prospects for the use of hydrogen for automobile engines can be summarized as follows. First of all, environmental friendliness, renewability and unrestricted raw material reserves, as well as unique engine performance; these allow hydrogen to be used without drastic changes to modern engine designs.

Green Chemistry for the Production of Biodegradable Polymers as Solid Substrate and the Formation of Sustainable Biofilm

2012 ◽  
Vol 517 ◽  
pp. 755-762 ◽  
Author(s):  
Archana Tiwari ◽  
Alejandro Manzano Ramirez ◽  
Roopesh Jain ◽  
Anushri Saxena
Keyword(s):  
Global Warming ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Solid Waste Management ◽  
Agricultural Waste ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Solid Substrate ◽  
Environment Friendly ◽  
Food And Drink ◽  
Near Future ◽  
Waste Accumulation

Conventional plastics derived from the fossil fuels pose a threat to the global environment due to their non-degradable nature. Problems associated with global warming and solid waste management has generated interest in the development of novel plastics. Theses while retaining the desired properties of conventional synthetic plastics must also are degradable. Among the various biodegradable plastic available, there is growing interest in the group of polymers known as polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA).The present investigation is based on (i) Biodegradation of Bioplastic with biological approaches (ii) Production of cost effective Bioplastic. Cost of bioplastics serves as a hindrance to the development of bioplastics for food and drink packaging as the plastic is produced by harvesting the natural resources thus there is utilization of the agricultural waste and also reduces the overall cost of the product. As in the case of petroleum based plastic production, there is the need of huge sum of energy which consumes the non renewable sources which is getting depleted. Thus, we can conclude that having a cost effective bioplastic in our near future. This plastic will be replacing the commercially available plastic very soon. The bioplastic produced is also degradable. It thus reduces the waste accumulation on the areas surrounding us. It is also suggested that on degradation it does not produces any toxic to the environment and no harmful gas is emitted thus no greenhouse gas and no global warming. This would be an environment friendly product.

Effect of Thickness for Sound Absorption of High Density Biopolymer Foams

2013 ◽  
Vol 594-595 ◽  
pp. 183-187 ◽  
Author(s):  
Najibah A. Latif ◽  
Anika Zafiah M. Rus ◽  
M. Khairul Zaimy A. Ghani
Keyword(s):  
Sound Absorption ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Waste Cooking Oil ◽  
High Density ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Compression Moulding ◽  
Waste Cooking Oils ◽  
The Developed Countries ◽  
Cooking Oils

Waste cooking oils are problematic disposal especially in the developed countries. In this paper, waste cooking oil is used as raw material to produce foam. The purpose of the study is to develop the high density solid biopolymer (HDB) by using hot compression moulding technique based on flexible and rigid crosslinking agents. Physical properties such as Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) and density of HDB were examined. The acoustic study of HDB for flexible and rigid has been measured using impedance tube test according ASTM E1050 standard with multiple layers of thicknesses. It was revealed that higher thicknesses of HDB exhibit less sound absorption coefficients. This situation is occurred for both flexible and rigid HDB. The frequency also shifted to the left when the layers of HDB were increased for both materials. The highest increment was 63.46%, observed from two layers from flexible and rigid HDB. For the conclusion, rigid HDB showed that they could absorb more sound, thus having higher noise reduction coefficient (NRC) than flexible HDB at low frequency.

scholarly journals Innovative applications of Waste Cooking Oil as Raw Material

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alberto Mannu ◽  
Monica Ferro ◽  
Maria Enrica Di Pietro ◽  
Andrea Mele
Keyword(s):  
Hazardous Waste ◽  
Industrial Application ◽  
Waste Cooking Oil ◽  
Review Article ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Present Review ◽  
Cooking Oil ◽  
Waste Cooking Oils ◽  
Cooking Oils ◽  
Recycled Waste

The consideration toward Waste Cooking Oils (WCOs) is changing from hazardous waste to valuable raw material for industrial application. During the last five years some innovative processes based on the employment of recycled WCO have appeared in the literature. In the present review article, the most recent applications of recycled Waste Cooking Oil are reported and discussed. These include the production of bio-plasticizers, the application of chemicals derived from WCOs as energy vectors, and the use of WCOs as solvent for pollutant agents.

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