scholarly journals Auditory Resonance: A Transdisciplinary Concept?

Humanities ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 6
Author(s):  
Rolf J. Goebel
Keyword(s):  
Conceptual Framework ◽  
Critical Analysis ◽  
Sound Studies ◽  
Transdisciplinary Research ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
German Sociologist

Focusing on the influential work of the German sociologist Hartmut Rosa, as well as on selected positions in sound studies, this essay explores some aspects of auditory resonance, an over-determined concept exemplified by music that no single conceptual framework can exhaustively explain. For this reason, transdisciplinary research is especially productive in exploring the wide range of auditory resonance if it does not adhere to a seemingly all-inclusive theoretical self-definition but starts from an actual, singular experience. This subjective, even personal response to auditory resonance opens up various intersecting, supplementary, and often competing paradigms of critical analysis that interrogate any hegemonic claims to perspectives and insights potentially implied in single-disciplinary methodologies.

scholarly journals Recent Development on Plant Aldehyde Dehydrogenase Enzymes and Their Functions in Plant Development and Stress Signaling

Genes ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 51
Author(s):  
Adesola J. Tola ◽  
Amal Jaballi ◽  
Hugo Germain ◽  
Tagnon D. Missihoun
Keyword(s):  
Plant Development ◽  
Critical Analysis ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Stress Signaling ◽  
Oxygen Species ◽  
Abiotic And Biotic Stresses ◽  
Aldehyde Dehydrogenases ◽  
Biotic Stresses ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Excessive Accumulation

Abiotic and biotic stresses induce the formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), which subsequently causes the excessive accumulation of aldehydes in cells. Stress-derived aldehydes are commonly designated as reactive electrophile species (RES) as a result of the presence of an electrophilic α, β-unsaturated carbonyl group. Aldehyde dehydrogenases (ALDHs) are NAD(P)+-dependent enzymes that metabolize a wide range of endogenous and exogenous aliphatic and aromatic aldehyde molecules by oxidizing them to their corresponding carboxylic acids. The ALDH enzymes are found in nearly all organisms, and plants contain fourteen ALDH protein families. In this review, we performed a critical analysis of the research reports over the last decade on plant ALDHs. Newly discovered roles for these enzymes in metabolism, signaling and development have been highlighted and discussed. We concluded with suggestions for future investigations to exploit the potential of these enzymes in biotechnology and to improve our current knowledge about these enzymes in gene signaling and plant development.

Beyond Bias: Critical Analysis and Layered Reading of Mao-Era Sources

2021 ◽  
Vol 29 (4) ◽  
pp. 759-782
Author(s):  
Sigrid Schmalzer
Keyword(s):  
Gold Standard ◽  
Critical Analysis ◽  
Source Material ◽  
The State ◽  
The Self ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Layered Approach ◽  
Flea Markets ◽  
Mao Era

Abstract Scholars of Mao-era history adopt a wide range of approaches to the selection and treatment of source material. Some scholars regard published sources as propaganda, and therefore as biased and unreliable. For many, archival sources are the gold standard; others question the reliability even of the archive and favor materials that escaped the filtering fingers of the state to be found in flea markets or garbage piles. Avoiding the false choice of either accepting sources as received wisdom or dismissing them as biased, the author argues that how scholars read their sources is more important than which they keep and which they throw away. She advocates for a layered approach that accounts for contexts of production and circulation, and further emphasizes the need to make this process of reading sources visible in our writing. A critical, layered reading of three unlikely sources demonstrates the myriad possibilities for analysis that combines the empirical, the discursive, and the self-reflexive.

THE ETHICAL BASES OF PUBLIC POLICIES: A CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK

2014 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 175-194 ◽  
Author(s):  
Prasanta K. Pattanaik ◽  
Yongsheng Xu
Keyword(s):  
Conceptual Framework ◽  
Public Policies ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Conceptual Clarity ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Value Judgements ◽  
Ethical Evaluations ◽  
Ethical Criteria ◽  
Exclusive Focus

This paper develops a conceptual framework, which can accommodate a wide range of value judgements used in ethical evaluations of extended social states and which can be used to differentiate different categories of value judgements by referring to the type of information on which they may be based. The notions of consequentialism, non-consequentialism, exclusive focus on personal well-being, exclusive focus on utility, etc. are conceptualized in operational ways in the framework. The framework and the discussion of different types of ethical criteria that may be used in evaluating extended social states contribute to conceptual clarity about the ethical bases of public policies.

scholarly journals A political ecology of transdisciplinary research

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 500
Author(s):  
Hali Healy
Keyword(s):  
Political Ecology ◽  
Multiple Scales ◽  
Research Policy ◽  
Transdisciplinary Research ◽  
European Research ◽  
Horizon 2020 ◽  
Ex Post ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Sustainability Problems ◽  
Science In Society

Transdisciplinary research (TDR) is widely regarded as a promising, and even essential, means of addressing complex sustainability problems, whilst delivering beneficial outcomes for scientists and the non-academic actors with whom they engage. Premised on the 'ecological modernisation' of Europe, regional funding for TDR under Framework Programmes such as FP7 and more recently Horizon 2020 have sought to support academic engagement with a wide range of research stakeholders through calls for transdisciplinary research  in order to better address Europe's "grand societal challenges" (EC 2013). This article, based on doctoral research, consists of an ex-post study of three European Union funded transdisciplinary projects (CREPE, EJOLT and GAP2) implemented under the Seventh Framework's (2007-2013) Science in Society program. Its focus is on how issues of power and governance permeate TDR projects, giving rise to tensions, challenges and ultimately struggles over the very meaning of official projects and their outcomes, despite the most egalitarian of intentions and underlying principles of mutual benefit. These tensions, this article argues, should be understood not merely as cultural, methodological or cognitive challenges, but as essentially political conflicts that manifest and flow across multiple scales. In light of these inherent challenges, the article argues that TDR is always conducted on a terrain of political ecology, and concludes by making recommendations for potential collaborators, as well as for European research policy makers, with the objective of enabling participants and funders alike to realise the transformative potential of this promising mode of research.<p><strong>Keywords</strong>: Political ecology of transdisciplinary research, power, governance, Science in Society, European research agenda, agro-ecology, environmental justice, fisheries          </p>

scholarly journals BIM and DfMA: A Paradigm of New Opportunities

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (17) ◽  
pp. 9591
Author(s):  
Sepehr Abrishami ◽  
Rocío Martín-Durán
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
Conceptual Framework ◽  
Energy Use ◽  
Integrated Approach ◽  
Design Stage ◽  
Extensive Literature ◽  
Sources Of Information ◽  
Construction Methods ◽  
Wide Range

The main goal of this study is to explore the adoption of a design for manufacturing and assembly (DfMA) and building information management (BIM) approach during the whole lifecycle of assets. This approach aims to tackle issues inherent in the design of traditional construction methods, such as low productivity and quality, poor predictability and building performance, and energy use, through the implementation of a BIM library of off-site components. In recent years, a renewed interest has been directed to the attempt to provide solutions to these urgent problems through the adoption of new advancements in technologies. However, while there are studies focussing on a BIM-DfMA approach, there is a lack of research regarding how this approach should be adopted during the whole lifecycle of the assets. Furthermore, to the best of our knowledge, defining an efficient way of developing a component-based BIM object library has not yet been included in any of the available studies. A mixed methodology approach has been used in this research. A conceptual framework was developed as the result of an extensive literature review to investigate new advancements in the AEC sector. Following the literature review, the framework was tested and validated through a case study based on the production and adoption of a BIM library of off-site components at the design stage of an asset. The architecture, engineering, and construction (AEC) industry has recognised the necessity of a new approach that helps to resolve the well-known issues presented in traditional methods of construction. The conceptual framework and case study proposed presents a valuable new method of construction that support the implementation of a BIM and DfMA approach, highlighting their benefits. This framework has been created using many valuable and reliable sources of information. The result of this research supports the idea of a novel new construction method that focuses on a manufacturing-digital-driven industry, with the use of DfMA in a BIM-integrated approach. This novel method will add significance and be beneficial for a wide range of aspects in the construction sector, contributing to the theoretical and practical domain.

A Conceptual Framework for the Ethical Evaluation of Supported Decision-Making

2021 ◽  
Vol 66 (Special Issue) ◽  
pp. 159-160
Author(s):  
Matthé Scholten ◽  
◽  
Jakov Gather ◽  
Jochen Vollmann ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Conceptual Framework ◽  
Ethical Issues ◽  
Plain Language ◽  
Undue Influence ◽  
Persons With Disabilities ◽  
Ethical Evaluation ◽  
Process Support ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Outsourcing Decision

"Background: Supported decision-making (SDM) refers to all types of interventions support persons with impaired decision-making capacity (DMC) in making informed treatment decisions. It encompasses a wide range of interventions, such as enhanced consent procedures, elaborated plain language and involvement of family, friends or peers in the informed consent process. Empirical research showed that SDM can enhance DMC. The UN Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities, which has been ratified by 180 states parties to date, pronounces in article 12(3) that “states parties shall take appropriate measures to provide access by persons with disabilities to the support they may require in exercising their legal capacity.” At the same time, medical ethicists and legal scholars have raised the concern that persons with impaired DMC are more likely to become subject to undue influence under SDM arrangements. Objectives: The aim of this presentation is to provide a conceptual framework to facilitate an ethical evaluation of various forms of supported decision-making. Methods: Empirically informed conceptual analysis. Various SDM interventions are analyzed. Findings: It is necessary to distinguish between input, process and output support. Input support involves influencing factors that are negatively correlated with DMC; process support involves interpreting a person’s preferences and carrying out intellectual processing; and output support involves enabling a person to communicate decisions to others. Conclusion: Most forms of input and output support are promising, but ethical issues in relation to framing and interpersonal leverage must be addressed. Forms of process support that involve “outsourcing” decision-making capacities are ethically problematic. "

Women’s Bodies and the Evolution of Anti-rape Technologies: From the Hoop Skirt to the Smart Frock

2021 ◽  
Vol 27 (4) ◽  
pp. 30-54
Author(s):  
Caroline Wilson-Barnao ◽  
Alex Bevan ◽  
Robyn Lincoln
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Abuse ◽  
Conceptual Framework ◽  
Everyday Life ◽  
Critical Analysis ◽  
Digital Technologies ◽  
Cultural Construction ◽  
The Body ◽  
Women's Bodies ◽  
Women And Girls ◽  
Online Searches

In this article, we explore smart deterrents and their historical precedents marketed to women and girls for the purpose of preventing harassment, sexual abuse and violence. Rape deterrents, as we define them, encompass customs, architectures, fashions, surveillant infrastructures, apps and devices conceived to manage and protect the body. Online searches reveal an array of technologies, and we engage with their prevention narratives and cultural construction discourses of the gendered body. Our critical analysis places recent rape deterrents in conversation with earlier technologies to untangle the persistent logics. These are articulated with reference to the ways that proto-digital technologies have been imported into the realm of ubiquitous computing and networks. Our conceptual framework offers novel pathways for discussing feminine bodies and their messy navigation of everyday life that include both threats to corporeal safety and collective imaginings of empowerment.

scholarly journals How Can Smart Mobility Innovations Alleviate Transportation Disadvantage? Assembling a Conceptual Framework through a Systematic Review

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (18) ◽  
pp. 6306 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luke Butler ◽  
Tan Yigitcanlar ◽  
Alexander Paz
Keyword(s):  
Conceptual Framework ◽  
Intelligent Transportation Systems ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Autonomous Vehicles ◽  
Intelligent Transportation ◽  
Transportation Systems ◽  
Technological Innovations ◽  
Potential Solution ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Smart Mobility

Transportation disadvantage is about the difficulty accessing mobility services required to complete activities associated with employment, shopping, business, essential needs, and recreation. Technological innovations in the field of smart mobility have been identified as a potential solution to help individuals overcome issues associated with transportation disadvantage. This paper aims to provide a consolidated understanding on how smart mobility innovations can contribute to alleviate transportation disadvantage. A systematic literature review is completed, and a conceptual framework is developed to provide the required information to address transportation disadvantage. The results are categorized under the physical, economic, spatial, temporal, psychological, information, and institutional dimensions of transportation disadvantage. The study findings reveal that: (a) Primary smart mobility innovations identified in the literature are demand responsive transportation, shared transportation, intelligent transportation systems, electric mobility, autonomous vehicles, and Mobility-as-a-Services. (b) Smart mobility innovations could benefit urban areas by improving accessibility, efficiency, coverage, flexibility, safety, and the overall integration of the transportation system. (c) Smart mobility innovations have the potential to contribute to the alleviation of transportation disadvantage. (d) Mobility-as-a-Service has high potential to alleviate transportation disadvantage primarily due to its ability to integrate a wide-range of services.

scholarly journals A Sustainability Lighthouse—Supporting Transition Leadership and Conversations on Desirable Futures

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 3842 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Holmberg ◽  
Johan Larsson
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
Conceptual Framework ◽  
Thematic Analysis ◽  
Transdisciplinary Research ◽  
Sustainability Transitions ◽  
Years Of Experience ◽  
Human Needs ◽  
The Social ◽  
Sustainable Futures ◽  
Qualitative Literature

Central in leadership for sustainability transitions is the capability to create transformative momentum in a sustainable (desirable) direction, calling for meaningful conversations on sustainable futures. The aim of this study is to develop a conceptual framework to inspire and support such conversations. A qualitative literature review of sustainability conceptualizations was conducted, followed by a thematic analysis. The resulting framework consists of an overarching question and an accompanying set of categories for four sustainability dimensions: the social, the economic, the ecological, and ‘human needs and wellbeing’. Furthermore, the framework is visualized as a lighthouse for pedagogical reasons. We foresee that the lighthouse might be of value in processes guiding socio-technical transitions towards sustainability in three different ways: (1) by attempting to bridge the issue of ‘transition’ with that of ‘sustainability’; (2) as part of a backcasting process; and (3) modes of transdisciplinary research where relevant actors take part in the conversation. The study is related to over 20 years of experience from working with a backcasting approach engaging with sustainability transitions in a variety of processes. We invite further dialogue on how one may approach the concept of sustainability to inspire and support conversations on sustainable futures.

scholarly journals Building information modelling to support maintenance management of healthcare built assets

Facilities ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 37 (7/8) ◽  
pp. 415-434 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nadeeshani Wanigarathna ◽  
Keith Jones ◽  
Adrian Bell ◽  
Georgios Kapogiannis
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Decision Making ◽  
Conceptual Framework ◽  
Asset Management ◽  
Building Information Modelling ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Information Modelling ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Building Information ◽  
Use Phase

Purpose This paper aims to investigate how digital capabilities associated with building information modelling (BIM) can integrate a wide range of information to improve built asset management (BAM) decision-making during the in-use phase of hospital buildings. Design/methodology/approach A comprehensive document analysis and a participatory case study was undertaken with a regional NHS hospital to review the type of information that can be used to better inform BAM decision-making to develop a conceptual framework to improve information use during the health-care BAM process, test how the conceptual framework can be applied within a BAM division of a health-care organisation and develop a cloud-based BIM application. Findings BIM has the potential to facilitate better informed BAM decision-making by integrating a wide range of information related to the physical condition of built assets, resources available for BAM and the built asset’s contribution to health-care provision within an organisation. However, interdepartmental information sharing requires a significant level of time and cost investment and changes to information gathering and storing practices within the whole organisation. Originality/value This research demonstrated that the implementation of BIM during the in-use phase of hospital buildings is different to that in the design and construction phases. At the in-use phase, BIM needs to integrate and communicate information within and between the estates, facilities division and other departments of the organisation. This poses a significant change management task for the organisation’s information management systems. Thus, a strategically driven top-down organisational approach is needed to implement BIM for the in-use phase of hospital buildings.

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