scholarly journals How the Lagged and Accumulated Effects of Stress, Coping, and Tasks Affect Mood and Fatigue during Nurses’ Shifts

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (19) ◽  
pp. 7277
Author(s):  
Fermín Martínez-Zaragoza ◽  
Jordi Fernández-Castro ◽  
Gemma Benavides-Gil ◽  
Rosa García-Sierra
Keyword(s):  
Coping Strategies ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Negative Mood ◽  
Direct Care ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Control Effort ◽  
Support Seeking ◽  
Ecological Momentary ◽  
Demand Control ◽  
Lagged Effect

Nurses experience significant stress and emotional exhaustion, leading to burnout and fatigue. This study assessed how the nurses’ mood and fatigue evolves during their shifts, and the temporal factors that influence these phenomena. Performing a two-level design with repeated measures with moments nested into a person level, a random sample of 96 nurses was recruited. The ecological momentary assessment of demand, control, effort, reward, coping, and nursing tasks were measured in order to predict mood and fatigue, studying their current, lagged, and accumulated effects. The results show that: (1) Mood appeared to be explained by effort, by the negative lagged effect of reward, and by the accumulated effort, each following a quadratic trend, and it was influenced by previously executing a direct care task. By contrast, fatigue was explained by the current and lagged effect of effort, by the lagged effect of reward, and by the accumulated effort, again following quadratic trends. (2) Mood was also explained by problem-focused and emotion-focused coping strategies, indicative of negative mood, and by support-seeking and refusal coping strategies. (3) Fatigue was also associated with direct care and the prior effect of documentation and communication tasks. We can conclude that mood and fatigue do not depend on a single factor, such as workload, but rather on the evolution and distribution of the nursing tasks, as well as on the stress during a shift and how it is handled. The evening and night shifts seem to provoke more fatigue than the other work shifts when approaching the last third of the shift. These data show the need to plan the tasks within a shift to avoid unfinished or delayed care during the shift, and to minimize accumulated negative effects.

scholarly journals How the Lagged and Accumulated Effects of Stress, Coping and Task Affect Mood and Fatigue during Nurse’s Shifts

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fermín Martínez-Zaragoza ◽  
Jordi Fernández-Castro ◽  
Gemma Benavides-Gil ◽  
Rosa García-Sierra
Keyword(s):  
Coping Strategies ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Negative Mood ◽  
Direct Care ◽  
Stress Coping ◽  
Support Seeking ◽  
Ecological Momentary ◽  
Momentary Assessment ◽  
And Task ◽  
Lagged Effect

Nurses experience significant stress and emotional exhaustion, leading to burnout and fatigue. This study assessed how the nurses’ mood and fatigue evolves during their shifts, and the lagged and accumulated factors that influence these phenomena. A two-level design with repeated measures was applied to a sample of 113 nurses, performing an ecological momentary assessment of different parameters and multilevel longitudinal two-level modelling of the data. Accordingly, mood appeared to be explained by effort, by the negative lagged effect of reward and by accumulated effort, each following a quadratic trend, and it was influenced by previously executing a direct care task. By contrast, fatigue was explained by the current and lagged effect of effort, by the lagged effect of reward and by accumulated effort, again following quadratic trends. Fatigue was also associated with direct care, and the prior effect of documentation and communication tasks. Mood was also explained by problem-focused and emotion-focused coping strategies, indicative of negative mood, and by support-seeking and refusal coping strategies. Hence, mood and fatigue do not depend on a single factor like workload but rather, on the evolution and distribution of tasks, as well as on the stress during a shift and how it is handled.

scholarly journals When and how do hospital nurses cope with daily stressors? A multilevel study

PLoS ONE ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (11) ◽  
pp. e0240725
Author(s):  
Fermín Martínez-Zaragoza ◽  
Gemma Benavides-Gil ◽  
Tatiana Rovira ◽  
Beatriz Martín-del-Río ◽  
Silvia Edo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Coping Strategies ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Coping Style ◽  
Coping Styles ◽  
Direct Care ◽  
University Hospitals ◽  
Coping With Stress ◽  
Control Effort ◽  
Working Day

Background During their workday, nurses face a variety of stressors that are dealt with using different coping strategies. One criticism of the contextual models of work stress is that they fail to focus on individual responses like coping with stress. Neverthless, little is know about the momentary determinants of coping in nurses. Objectives To identify the momentary predictors of problem-focused approaching coping and emotion-focused approaching coping, as well as those for seeking social support and refusal coping strategies, during the working day in nurses. Design This study uses descriptive, correlational, two-level design with repeated measures. Settings Wards of two University hospitals. Participants A random cohort of 113 nurses was studied. Methods An ecological momentary assessment was made of demand, control, effort, reward, nursing task, coping, mood and fatigue, and of coping style by questionnaire. Multilevel two-level statistical analyses were performed in order to identify both within person and between person relationships. Results Different momentary types of coping were associated with different tasks. The problem-focused coping could be explained by the direct care and medication tasks, demand, planning coping style, mood, and negatively by acceptation coping style. Emotion-focused coping could be explained by documentation and medication tasks (negatively), mood, demand, distraction, and disengagement coping styles. Seeking social support coping could be explained by the task of communication, mood, fatigue (negatively), and seeking emotional support as a coping style. Refusal coping could be explained by mood, and the coping style of focusing and venting emotions. Refusal coping is not specific to any task. Conclusions The choice of the coping strategy depends on the task, of their appraisal and on the different styles of coping.

Emotional intelligence intervention in older adults to improve adaptation and reduce negative mood

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Iraida Delhom ◽  
Encarnación Satorres ◽  
Juan C. Meléndez
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Emotional Intelligence ◽  
Treatment Group ◽  
Coping Strategies ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Strong Predictor ◽  
Negative Mood ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Emotional States ◽  
Before And After

Abstract Objectives: Emotional intelligence (EI) is a strong predictor of negative mood. Applying emotional skills correctly can help to increase positive emotional states and reduce negative ones. This study aims to implement EI intervention designed to improve clarity, repair EI dimensions and coping strategies, and reduce negative mood in older adults. Design: Participants were randomly assigned to the treatment or control group. Setting: Participants were evaluated individually before and after the intervention. Participants: Participants included 111 healthy older adults; 51 in the treatment group and 60 in the control group. Intervention: An EI program was implemented. The program was administered over 10 sessions lasting 90 min each. Measurements: EI dimension (attention, clarity, and repair), coping strategies, hopelessness, and mood were assessed. Results: Analysis of variance for repeated measures was applied. In the treatment group, scores on clarity and emotional repair increased and attention to emotions decreased; problem-focused coping (problem-solving, positive reappraisal, and seeking social support) showed significant increases, whereas emotion-focused coping (negative self-focused and overt emotional expression) obtained significant decreases; scores on negative mood measures declined significantly. Conclusions: An intervention based on EI is effective in older adults. After the EI intervention, the participants showed significant increases in their levels of clarity and emotional repair and intermediate levels of attention. In addition, the intervention was found to influence adaptation results, increasing the use of adaptive coping strategies and decreasing the use of maladaptive strategies, as well as reducing hopelessness and depressive symptoms.

scholarly journals Peer Victimization and Depressive Symptoms During Adolescence: Examining the Roles of Social Support and Internalizing Coping

2020 ◽  
pp. 027243162093119
Author(s):  
Allie M. Spiekerman ◽  
Melissa R. Witkow ◽  
Adrienne Nishina
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Coping Strategies ◽  
Peer Victimization ◽  
Sixth Grade ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Social Support Seeking ◽  
Support Seeking ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Effective Buffer

The purpose of this study was to examine how two coping strategies together moderate the relationship between peer victimization and adjustment among young adolescents. Sixth-grade adolescents from California, Oregon, and Wisconsin ( N = 1,058) self-reported peer victimization, depressive symptoms, and their utilization of social support seeking and internalizing coping. A regression analysis showed a significant three-way interaction between peer victimization, internalizing coping, and social support seeking in predicting depressive symptoms. Further analyses revealed that social support seeking only buffered the negative effects of peer victimization for participants who scored high on internalizing coping. Despite mean-level gender differences in these variables, gender did not moderate this association, suggesting that social support is an effective buffer against depressive symptoms following peer victimization for both boys and girls. These results suggest that attending to the variety of coping strategies adolescents employ simultaneously will help further our understanding of peer victimization outcomes.

The Impact of Coping Strategies on Situational Coping in Daily Life: An Ecological Momentary Assessment Study with the mHealth application TrackYourStress (Preprint)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Teresa O'Rourke ◽  
Carsten Vogel ◽  
Dennis John ◽  
Rüdiger Pryss ◽  
Johannes Schobel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Coping Strategies ◽  
Daily Life ◽  
Stress Coping ◽  
Positive Thinking ◽  
Active Stress ◽  
Situational Coping ◽  
Ecological Momentary ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Positive Effect

BACKGROUND It is necessary to cope with situations in daily life to prevent stress-related health consequences. However, coping strategies might differ in their impact on dealing with stressful situations in daily life. Moreover, the effect of coping strategies on situational coping might differ between women and men. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to investigate the impact of coping strategies on situational coping in everyday life situations and to investigate gender differences. METHODS An ecological momentary assessment study with the mobile health app TrackYourStress (TYS) was conducted with 113 participants. Coping strategies were measured at baseline with the coping scales Positive Thinking, Active Stress Coping, Social Support, Support in Faith, and Alcohol and Cigarette Consumption of the Stress and Coping Inventory (SCI). Situational coping was assessed by the question “How well can you cope with your momentary stress-level” (slider 0-100) in daily life over four weeks. Multilevel models were conducted to test the effects of the coping strategies on situational coping. Additionally, gender differences were evaluated. RESULTS Positive Thinking (P=.03) and Active Stress Coping (P=.04) had significant positive impacts on situational coping in the total sample. For women, only Social Support had a significant positive effect on situational coping (P=.046). For men, only Active Stress Coping had a significant positive effect on situational coping (P=.001). Women had higher scores on the SCI scale Social Support than men (P=.007). CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that different coping strategies could be more effective in daily life for women than for men, which should be considered in the development of interventions aimed at reducing stress consequences through coping. Interventions taking gender into consideration might lead to better coping-outcomes than generalized interventions.

Testing the Associations Between State and Trait Anxiety, Anger, Sadness, and Ambulatory Blood Pressure and Whether Race Impacts These Relationships

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Larisa Gavrilova ◽  
Matthew J Zawadzki
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Trait Anxiety ◽  
Ambulatory Blood Pressure ◽  
Cardiovascular Health ◽  
Negative Emotions ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Conditional Effects ◽  
Potential Risk Factors ◽  
Ecological Momentary

Abstract Background Anxiety, anger, and sadness are related to elevated ambulatory blood pressure (ABP), yet it is unclear whether each emotion exerts unique effects. Moreover, an understanding of who might be most susceptible to the negative effects of these emotions is limited, with the trait tendency to experience them or one’s race as potential moderators. Purpose The study examined the potential for differential effects of momentary anxiety, anger, and sadness on ABP. The study assessed whether a trait tendency to experience these negative emotions and/or race (Black vs. non-Black) would moderate these relationships. Methods Participants (n = 153) completed trait anxiety, anger, and depressive symptoms measures at baseline. ABP was collected over two 24-hour periods 3–4 months apart. Momentary measures of anxiety, anger, and sadness were assessed via ecological momentary assessment (EMA) after each ABP reading. Results Momentary anxiety consistently predicted diastolic blood pressure but not systolic blood pressure. Momentary anger and sadness did not predict blood pressure (BP). Conditional effects were found with momentary anxiety and anger predicting elevated BP in those individuals with trait anxiety/anger at its mean. Trait anxiety and depression consistently predicted heightened BP in Black participants. Trait anger did not moderate the relationships between negative emotions and ABP. Conclusions Findings suggest that momentary anxiety and anger should be given attention as potential risk factors for hypertension and highlight the unique perspective of EMA methods. Black participants who were more anxious and depressed experienced heightened BP, with anxiety and depression providing possible intervention targets in improving racial disparities in cardiovascular health.

Psychological Features of Manifestation of Coping-Resources of Schoolteachers

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tetiana Nechytailo ◽  
Halyna Fesun ◽  
Tetiana Kanivets ◽  
Alla Simak
Keyword(s):  
Coping Strategies ◽  
Stress Resistance ◽  
Coping Behavior ◽  
Teaching Profession ◽  
Coping Resources ◽  
Professional Activity ◽  
Personal Resources ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Professional Activities ◽  
The Individual

The article is devoted to the psychological peculiarities of the manifestation of coping-resources of educators. The teaching profession belongs to the category of professions especially vulnerable to stress, since the teacher has to solve various professional tasks in the absence of time and information, constant open contact with people, which entails considerable emotional energy. The professional activity of a modern teacher requires constant and maximum mobilization of their personal resources. Maintaining or enhancing a person's stress resistance is associated with finding and using resources well enough to help the educator overcome the negative effects of stressful situations. The article reveals such characteristics of personality and social environment that facilitate or make possible adaptation to life stresses, promotes the development of a means of overcoming it, and increases stress resistance. These personal structures help a person cope with threatening circumstances and facilitate adaptation. The author analyzes the scientific and psychological approaches to understand personal resources, determinants of the choice of coping-strategies, and the influence of the characteristics of professional activity on the behavior of the individual. Questions about structure, functions, and types of coping behavior are raised. According to the majority of modern researchers, the generalized classification of the methods of mastering stressful circumstances is analyzed: coping aimed at evaluation; problem-oriented coping; coping aimed at emotions. Also presented were the most up-to-date and most modern models of coping resources, which can be viewed from different angles to look at the choice of coping-resources by the personality of the teacher, taking into account the conditions of his professional activity. The organization and methods of conducted research of the features of manifestation of coping-resources in teachers are described. The presented quantitative and qualitative results are disclosed according to the stages of the study. In particular, the analysis of teacher’s coping-strategies depending on the level of emotional burnout, ways of overcoming difficult life situations, as well as the methods of coping-behavior of the respondents. Relationships between teachers' coping-resources and emotional and mental stress as well as the monotony of professional activities are also identified. Adaptive and non-adaptive coping behaviors are differentiated in terms of cognitive, emotional, and behavioral coping strategies are analyzed separately. Based on the theoretical analysis of the scientific literature and empirical research, the author substantiates the relevant conclusions and recommendations for school educators on the effective use of their own coping resources.

A Brief Exploratory Report of Coping Strategies Among Police Recruits During Academy Training

2016 ◽  
Vol 119 (2) ◽  
pp. 557-567 ◽  
Author(s):  
George T. Patterson
Keyword(s):  
Coping Strategies ◽  
Longitudinal Studies ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Work Stressors ◽  
Police Recruits ◽  
Ways Of Coping Questionnaire ◽  
Management Interventions ◽  
Academy Training ◽  
Exploratory Report ◽  
And Coping

Few longitudinal studies have investigated the use of coping strategies among police recruits. This study investigated perceived life and work stressors, appraisal, and coping over a seven-month police recruit academy training program. Participants were 81 police recruits who completed the Ways of Coping Questionnaire at three time points approximately three months apart. The average age of the recruits was 27.6 years ( SD = 5.1, range 20–51). Separate repeated measures analyses of variance were conducted to examine coping scores. Statistically significant decreases, although small, were observed in reported emotion-focused, problem-focused, and seeking social support coping strategies. Results suggested that as police recruits undergo academy training, they rely on fewer coping strategies to deal with life and work stress. More longitudinal studies are needed that assess the methods police recruits utilize to manage stress during academy training. Such results can inform stress management interventions.

scholarly journals Study of parenting styles, family functioning and its relation to coping strategies in children of specific learning disorder

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 230
Author(s):  
Enagandula Rupesh ◽  
Shipra Singh ◽  
Alka A. Subramanyam ◽  
Ravindra M. Kamath
Keyword(s):  
Family Functioning ◽  
Coping Strategies ◽  
Parenting Styles ◽  
Parenting Practices ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Family Assessment Device ◽  
Institutional Ethics ◽  
Support Seeking ◽  
And Coping

Background: Families of children with disabilities otherwise experience higher stress; and relation between parenting styles and coping of children is well known. Parental factors and family functioning may play a role in shaping the child, especially having issues like SLD. The objective is to study was coping strategies of children with SLD, parenting styles of their parents, their family functioning and relation of these with each other.Methods: It is a cross-sectional study undertaken after Institutional Ethics Committee approval, parent’s consent and child’s assent. Participants were 100 consecutive children, diagnosed with SLD, 9-13 years of age. Tools used were: Semi-structured proforma, Parenting Practices Questionnaire, Family Assessment Device and Children’s Coping Strategies Checklist Revision 1.Results: Authoritarian parenting style was significantly was associated with less use of ‘active’ and ‘support seeking’; and increased use of ‘distraction’ and ‘avoidance’ strategies. High scores on Authoritative style was associated with ‘active’ and ‘support seeking’ strategies. Avoidance coping strategy was associated with poor (high scores) and active coping strategies with higher (low scores) on problem solving, communication, and general family functioning.Conclusions: Parenting practices and family functioning can be pivotal in determining child’s attitude and coping. Assessment of this can be routinely included in child evaluation.

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