Prevalence of Eating Disorder Risk and Body Image Dissatisfaction among ROTC Cadets

Injury risk is multifactorial including non-modifiable and modifiable factors such as nutrition and mental health. The purpose of this study was to estimate eating disorder risk and body image (BI) dissatisfaction among Reserve Officers Training Corps (ROTC) cadets. A total of 102 (male: n = 75, female: n = 27; age: 20 ± 2 years) ROTC cadets self-reported height, current and ideal weight, and completed the Eating Attitudes Test-26 (EAT-26) and self-perceived BI current and perceived sex-specific figural stimuli. The overall eating disorder risk for ROTC cadets was 32.4%. No significant differences were found when comparing sex, ethnicity, or military branch. Overall risk of pathogenic behaviors included 11.8% who reported binge eating; 8.8% who used laxatives, diuretics, or diet pills; 8.8% who exercised for >60 min to control their weight; and 8.8% who lost 9.1 kg or more within the last 6 months. We identified significant interactions (p ≤ 0.01) between sex of the solider, overall perceptions of male and female soldiers, and BI self-perceptions. The ROTC cadets in this study displayed eating disorder risk and BI dissatisfaction, which is concerning for tactical readiness, long-term behavioral health issues, and injury from pathogenic behaviors. Education and quality healthcare are necessary to mitigate the increased risk of eating and BI dissatisfaction within this population.

Download Full-text

Eating Disorder Symptoms and Body Image in Adolescents from Public Schools in Brazil

10.20944/preprints202109.0295.v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Roges Ghidini Dias ◽

Ricardo Rodrigo Rech ◽

Ricardo Halpern

Keyword(s):

Body Image ◽

Eating Disorder ◽

Public Schools ◽

Protective Factor ◽

Rating Scale ◽

Central Area ◽

Body Image Dissatisfaction ◽

Eating Attitudes ◽

Figure Rating Scale ◽

Eat 26

There is growing recognition of the adverse effects of body image dissatisfaction (BID) and eating disorder (ED) symptoms on adolescent health. The aim of this study was to estimate the prevalence of ED symptoms, BID, and their relationship in adolescents from public schools in Southern Brazil. A total of 782 schoolchildren (male: n=420, female: n=362); age: 15 ± 0,4 years) answered a self-administrated questionnaire to identify sociodemographic data. Children´s Figure Rating Scale was adopted to identify body image and Eating Attitudes Test (EAT-26) was applied to investigate ED symptoms. Inferential statistics and hierarchical model-controlled logistic regression were used for association between variables. Most of the schoolchildren reported being satisfied with their bodies. However, we observed a higher prevalence of dissatisfaction among girls for being overweight and thinness among boys. Female students and students from schools located in the central area of the city showed higher chances of developing ED symptoms, and the absence of symptoms of ED appeared to act as a protective factor against BID in schoolchildren. Results of this study show the need to reflect on these factors that influence the development of ED and non-acceptance of their own body in a population concerned with their physical appearance.

Download Full-text

EATING DISORDER RISK AND ANEMIA AMONG GIRLS NUTRITION STUDENTS IN MITRA KELUARGA SCHOOL OF HEALTH SCIENCES

Ghidza Jurnal Gizi dan Kesehatan ◽

10.22487/ghidza.v2i1.10116 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 2 (1) ◽

pp. 1

Author(s):

Muh Nur Hasan Syah ◽

Alfi Fairuz Asna

Keyword(s):

Eating Disorders ◽

Eating Disorder ◽

Statistical Tests ◽

Eating Attitudes ◽

Reproductive Age ◽

Bivariate Analysis ◽

Consumption Pattern ◽

Eating Disorder Risk ◽

Eat 26 ◽

Disorder Risk

Background & Objective: Anemia is a public health nutrition problem that can occur at any age. In 2013 the proportion of anemia in Indonesia is 21.7 percent. Anemia can be caused by many factors one of which is the consumption pattern. Anemia in girl adolescents and women of reproductive age can cause problem in the first 1000 days of life. This study aims to determine the risk of eating disorders and anemia in nutrition students. Materials and Methods: This study is a cross sectional study with sample 46 girl students and 19 yearsl old. Data collection of risk of eating disorders using questionnaires Eating Attitudes Test (EAT-26)and anemia data obtained from secondary data results of a new student medical check up. Data analyzed by using SPSS, bivariate analysis using chi square test. Results: The results showed 21.7 percent anemia and 26.1 percent risk of eating disorders. 20 percent of students with anemia have an eating disorder risk. The results of statistical tests showed no significant relationship between the risk of eating disorders with anemia. Conclusion: The conclusion of the study is the risk of eating disorders can occur in the student nutrition that may be possible cause of anemia

Download Full-text

Risk of eating disorders among university students in Bangladesh

International Journal of Adolescent Medicine and Health ◽

10.1515/ijamh-2014-0013 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 27 (1) ◽

pp. 93-100 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

Supa Pengpid ◽

Karl Peltzer ◽

Gias Uddin Ahsan

Keyword(s):

Eating Disorders ◽

Eating Disorder ◽

University Students ◽

Religious Involvement ◽

Eating Attitudes ◽

Anthropometric Measurement ◽

Late Adolescent ◽

Eating Disorder Risk ◽

Eat 26 ◽

Disorder Risk

Abstract Objective: As there is a lack of information on eating disorders in Bangladesh, the aim of this study was to explore the eating disorder attitudes and behaviors among undergraduate university students in the country. Materials and methods: A cross-sectional questionnaire survey and anthropometric measurement were conducted with undergraduate students who were recruited randomly from classes. The Eating Attitudes Test (EAT-26) was used to determine the prevalence of disordered eating attitudes. The sample included 800 university students (56.6% men and 43.4% women), with a mean age of 21.0 years (SD=32.5). Results: Using the EAT-26, 37.6% of the students were classified as being at risk for an eating disorder. In multivariate analysis, being a late adolescent (17–19 years), high religious involvement, overweight body perception, low body appreciation, having had cosmetic surgery, and current binge drinking were found to be associated with an eating disorder risk. Discussion: Very high rates of eating disorder risk were found. This result calls for increased awareness and understanding of eating disorders, and related risk factors and interventions in university students in Bangladesh.

Download Full-text

Prevalence of Eating Disorder Risk and Body Image Distortion Among National Collegiate Athletic Association Division I Varsity Equestrian Athletes

Journal of Athletic Training ◽

10.4085/1062-6050-46.4.431 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 46 (4) ◽

pp. 431-437 ◽

Cited By ~ 13

Author(s):

Toni M. Torres-McGehee ◽

Eva V. Monsma ◽

Jennifer L. Gay ◽

Dawn M. Minton ◽

Ashley N. Mady-Foster

Keyword(s):

Body Image ◽

Eating Disorder ◽

Disordered Eating ◽

The United States ◽

Eating Attitudes ◽

Risk Classification ◽

Academic Status ◽

Eating Attitudes Test ◽

Eating Disorder Risk ◽

Disorder Risk

Context: Participation in appearance-based sports, particularly at the collegiate level, may place additional pressures on female athletes to be thin, which may increase the likelihood of their resorting to drastic weight control measures, such as disordered eating behaviors. Objectives: (1) To estimate the prevalence and sources of eating disorder risk classification by academic status (freshman, sophomore, junior, or senior) and riding discipline (English and Western), (2) to examine riding style and academic status variations in body mass index (BMI) and silhouette type, and (3) to examine these variations across eating disorder risk classification type (eg, body image disturbances). Design: Cross-sectional study. Setting: Seven universities throughout the United States. Patients or Other Participants: A total of 138 participants volunteered (mean age = 19.88 ± 1.29 years). They represented 2 equestrian disciplines: English riding (n = 91) and Western riding (n = 47). Main Outcome Measure(s): Participants self-reported menstrual cycle history, height, and weight. We screened for eating disorder risk behaviors with the Eating Attitudes Test and for body disturbance with sex-specific BMI silhouettes. Results: Based on the Eating Attitudes Test, estimated eating disorder prevalence was 42.0% in the total sample, 38.5% among English riders, and 48.9% among Western riders. No BMI or silhouette differences were found across academic status or discipline in disordered eating risk. Overall, participants perceived their body images as significantly larger than their actual physical sizes (self-reported BMI) and wanted to be significantly smaller in both normal clothing and competitive uniforms. Conclusions: Disordered eating risk prevalence among equestrian athletes was similar to that reported in other aesthetic sports and lower than that in nonaesthetic sports. Athletic trainers working with these athletes should be sensitive to these risks and refer athletes as needed to clinicians knowledgeable about disordered eating. Professionals working with this population should avoid making negative comments about physical size and appearance.

Download Full-text

Body Image, Anthropometric Measures, and Eating-Disorder Prevalence in Auxiliary Unit Members

Journal of Athletic Training ◽

10.4085/1062-6050-44.4.418 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 44 (4) ◽

pp. 418-426 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

Toni M. Torres-McGehee ◽

James M. Green ◽

James D. Leeper ◽

Deidre Leaver-Dunn ◽

Mark Richardson ◽

...

Keyword(s):

At Risk ◽

Eating Disorders ◽

Eating Disorder ◽

Eating Attitudes ◽

Anthropometric Measurements ◽

Eating Disorder Risk ◽

Eat 26 ◽

Not At Risk ◽

Auxiliary Unit ◽

Disorder Risk

Abstract Medical professionals have recognized eating disorders and related problems in competitive athletes. Auxiliary members (color guard, dance, majorettes) experience the same appearance-related pressures observed in sports commonly associated with eating disorders.Context: To estimate eating-disorder prevalence based on associated eating-disorder characteristics and behaviors in female auxiliary members and to compare perceived and ideal body images and anthropometric measurements between at-risk and not–at-risk participants for eating-disorder characteristics and behaviors.Objective: Cross-sectional design.Design: Three universities in the southeastern United States.Setting: Participants (n = 101, mean age = 19.2 ± 1.2 years) represented 3 auxiliary units, including color guard (n = 35), dance line (n = 47), and majorettes (n = 19).Patients or Other Participants: Participants self-reported menstrual history, height, and weight. Anthropometric measurements included height, weight, body fat percentage, and waist and hip circumferences. We screened for eating-disorder risk behavior with the Eating Attitudes Test (EAT)-26 and for body dissatisfaction with the Figural Stimuli Survey.Main Outcome Measure(s): Based on the EAT-26, we estimated eating-disorder prevalence among members to measure 29.7% (95% confidence interval = 20.8%, 38.6%). The EAT-26 results revealed that 21% of participants used purgatives and 14% vomited to control weight or shape. The at-risk group had higher scores on the EAT-26 total (P ≤ .01) and on the dieting (P ≤ .01), oral control (P = .02), and bulimia (P = .01) subscales. Hip circumference (P = .01), self-reported weight (P = .03), measured weight (P = .04), difference between measured and preferred weights (P = .02), and calculated target weight (P = .02) were different between the at-risk and not–at-risk groups.Results: Collegiate auxiliary unit members may have an unacceptable prevalence of eating disorders. Our results validate concerns that auxiliary members may exhibit an unacceptable eating-disorder risk, highlighting the need to examine and address unhealthy weight-management behaviors independent of eating-disorder status.Conclusions:

Download Full-text

Media Literacy Interventions to Facilitate Positive Body Image and Embodiment

Handbook of Positive Body Image and Embodiment ◽

10.1093/med-psych/9780190841874.003.0035 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 374-384

Author(s):

Simon Wilksch

Keyword(s):

Body Image ◽

Eating Disorder ◽

Media Literacy ◽

Social Power ◽

Developmental Theory ◽

Eating Disorder Risk ◽

Literacy Interventions ◽

Positive Body Image ◽

The Media ◽

Disorder Risk

This chapter explores the media literacy approach to body image and eating disorder risk reduction through a positive body image and embodiment lens. While most media literacy research in the field to date has focused on reducing eating disorder risk factors, available evidence is discussed for how media literacy programs can impact the physical, mental, and social power domains relevant to the developmental theory of embodiment. The media literacy approach appears well suited to investigations of positive body image and embodiment. While media literacy primarily focuses on reducing the perceived importance of appearance and weight, the mechanism by which this is achieved needs further exploration where it is likely that such “positive” features play an important part.

Download Full-text

Influence of Psychological, Anthropometric and Sociodemographic Factors on the Symptoms of Eating Disorders in Young Athletes

Paidéia (Ribeirão Preto) ◽

10.1590/1982-43272457201404 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 24 (57) ◽

pp. 21-27 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Leonardo de Sousa Fortes ◽

Sebastião de Sousa Almeida ◽

Maria Elisa Caputo Ferreira

Keyword(s):

Eating Disorders ◽

Body Image ◽

Body Image Dissatisfaction ◽

Skinfold Thickness ◽

Sociodemographic Factors ◽

Eating Attitudes ◽

Risk Behaviours ◽

Fat Percentage ◽

Young Athletes ◽

Eat 26

The aim of the current study was to analyse the influence of psychological, anthropometric and sociodemographic factors on the risk behaviours for eating disorders (ED) in young athletes. Participants were 580 adolescents of both sexes. We used the Eating Attitudes Test (EAT-26), theBody Shape Questionnaire and the Commitment Exercise Scale to assess the risk behaviours for ED, body image dissatisfaction (BD) and the degree of psychological commitment to exercise (DPCE), respectively. Participants’ weight, height and skinfold thickness were measured. A multiple regression indicated that BD and percentage of fat significantly modulated ( p < .05) the variance of females’ EAT-26 scores, whereas BD, DPCE, fat percentage, age, ethnicity and competitive level significantly explained ( p < .05) the variance of risk behaviours for males’ ED. Thus, only BD influenced risk behaviours for ED in both sexes.

Download Full-text

Eating disorders and body image dissatisfaction among college students

ConScientiae Saúde ◽

10.5585/conssaude.v14n3.5487 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 14 (3) ◽

pp. 355-362 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Mara Cristina Lofrano-Prado ◽

Wagner Luiz Prado ◽

Mauro Virgílio Gomes Barros ◽

Sandra Lopes de Souza

Keyword(s):

College Students ◽

Eating Disorders ◽

Body Image ◽

Body Image Dissatisfaction ◽

Preliminary Evidence ◽

Health Science ◽

Self Report ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Increased Risk ◽

Eat 26

Introduction: Body image dissatisfaction and disordered eating behavior increase during college. Objectives: To identify symptoms of eating disorders and body image dissatisfaction in college students and to verify the relationship between eating disorders and body image dissatisfaction. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted with 408 college students (283 females), aged 18-23y, enrolled in the first semester of health science in public universities from Recife-PE. Symptoms of eating disorders and body image dissatisfaction were assessed by self-report questionnaires (EAT-26, BITE, BES, BSQ). Results: Body image dissatisfaction was independently associated with a 22-fold increased risk for anorexia nervosa, 18-fold for bulimia nervosa and 25-fold for binge eating. Female college students (32.5%; CI95%=27.2-38.1%) have higher symptoms of eating disorders than males (18.4%; CI95%=12.3-25.9%). Specifically for bulimia, both females (26.1%; CI95%=21.3-31.5%) and males (21.6%; CI95%=15.1-29.5%) are at greater risk of developing this illness. Conclusion: The current findings provide preliminary evidence about risks of college health sciences students with body image dissatisfaction to develop eating disorders.

Download Full-text

Retouchée au Féminin: The Gendered Nature of the French Law Mandating Labeling of Digitally Modified Images

Laws ◽

10.3390/laws10030062 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (3) ◽

pp. 62

Author(s):

Rachel F. Rodgers ◽

Katherine Laveway

Keyword(s):

Body Image ◽

Eating Disorder ◽

Empirical Data ◽

Thin Ideal ◽

French Law ◽

Negative Effects ◽

Women's Bodies ◽

Eating Disorder Risk ◽

The Media ◽

Disorder Risk

The majority of advertisements contain thin-ideal imagery that have been digitally modified. A robust body of research has suggested that exposure to these retouched images has negative effects on body image and increases eating disorder risk. Furthermore, these concerns are known to be highly gendered both in nature and in their extent, with women revealing higher levels of concerns predominantly related to thinness. Although not supported as a useful approach by empirical data, in 2017, France introduced a law requiring advertisers to label images featuring models whose weight and/or shape have been altered. These images must bear the label “photographie retouchée”, or “retouched image”. However, this legislation has been difficult to enforce, as unlike other French legislation related to labeling advertising, its lack of specificity makes it difficult to identify violations. Paradoxically, given its intentions, where applied, uses of the label disproportionately focus on women’s bodies in the media, as compared to men’s bodies. These findings highlight the need for legislation that is enforceable and supported by the allocation of sufficient resources. In addition, findings highlight the importance of grounding legislation and policy in the extant relevant data and involving strategic stakeholders in its creation.

Download Full-text