scholarly journals The Movement Profile of Habitual Vacuuming as a Cyclic Movement—A Pilot Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (23) ◽  
pp. 8793
Author(s):  
Christian Maurer-Grubinger ◽  
Jasmin Haenel ◽  
Laura Fraeulin ◽  
Fabian Holzgreve ◽  
Eileen M. Wanke ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pilot Study ◽  
Lower Extremities ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Private Households ◽  
3D Motion Analysis ◽  
Cyclic Movement ◽  
Vacuum Cleaning ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Analysis System ◽  
The Right

Background: Vacuum cleaning, which is associated with musculoskeletal complaints, is frequently carried out in private households and by professional cleaners. The aim of this pilot study was to quantify the movements during habitual vacuuming and to characterize the movement profile with regard to its variability. Methods: The data were collected from 31 subjects (21 f/10 m) using a 3D motion analysis system (XSens). Eight vacuum cleaners were used to vacuum polyvinyl chloride (PVC) and carpet floors. In 15 joints of the right upper extremity, the trunk and the lower extremities, Principal Component Analysis was used to determine the predominantly varying joints during vacuuming. Results: The movements of the trunk and the lower extremities were relatively constant and, therefore, had less influence. The shoulder, elbow and wrist joints were identified as joints that can be decisive for the movement profile and that can be influenced. These joints were represented in the course of the vacuuming cycle by the mean movement with its standard deviation. Conclusion: In summary, the generalization of a movement profile is possible for the trunk and the lower extremities due to the relative homogeneity. In future it will be necessary to identify factors influencing variability in order to draw conclusions about movement ergonomics.

scholarly journals An Evaluation of Symmetry in the Lower Limb Joints During the Able-Bodied Gait of Women and Men

2012 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-57 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wanda Forczek ◽  
Robert Staszkiewicz
Keyword(s):  
Lower Limb ◽  
Sagittal Plane ◽  
Temporal Structure ◽  
Asymmetry Index ◽  
Lower Limbs ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
3D Motion Analysis ◽  
Spatio Temporal ◽  
Analysis System ◽  
The Right

For many years, mainly to simplify data analysis, scientists assumed that during a gait, the lower limbs moved symmetrically. However, even a cursory survey of the more recent literature reveals that the human walk is symmetrical only in some aspects. That is why the presence of asymmetry should be considered in all studies of locomotion. The gait data were collected using the 3D motion analysis system Vicon. The inclusion criteria allowed the researchers to analyze a very homogenous group, which consisted of 54 subjects (27 women and 27 men). Every selected participant moved at a similar velocity: approximately 1,55 m/s. The analysis included kinematic parameters defining spatio-temporal structure of locomotion, as well as angular changes of the main joints of the lower extremities (ankle, knee and hip) in the sagittal plane. The values of those variables were calculated separately for the left and for the right leg in women and men. This approach allowed us to determine the size of the differences, and was the basis for assessing gait asymmetry using a relative asymmetry index, which was constructed by the authors. Analysis of the results demonstrates no differences in the temporal and phasic variables of movements of the right and left lower limb. However, different profiles of angular changes in the sagittal plane were observed, measured bilaterally for the ankle joint.

Duplex-Derived Maximum Venous Outflow Velocity (MVOV) of the Common Femoral Veins is Asymmetric in Normal Women

2009 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Lebow ◽  
James Edmondson ◽  
Khanjan Nagarsheth ◽  
David Cassada ◽  
Kate Currie ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Doppler Ultrasound ◽  
Lower Extremities ◽  
Iliac Vein ◽  
Venous Outflow ◽  
Outflow Velocity ◽  
Normal Individuals ◽  
Left And Right ◽  
The Common ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Right

Background It is generally accepted that a significant portion of our population harbors asymptomatic compression of the left iliac vein by the right iliac artery. This was demonstrated originally in autopsy studies by McMurrich in 1908 (33% of 107 cadavers) and more recently by the analysis of Contrast CT scans 1 (66% of 50 patients). Authors have found that Venography may lack the sensitivity to be considered a true “gold standard” (66% sensitive) while IVUS is over 90% sensitive 2. No studies have addressed the physiologic difference in flow hemodynamics between the left and right lower extremities in normal individuals. We use Doppler ultrasound to demonstrate asymmetric flow in the lower extremities of normal individuals. Methods Maximum venous outflow velocity (MVOV) in the Common femoral veins were recorded using Doppler ultrasound on 30 volunteers. Inclusion criteria included age 18–30, BMI <30, female sex and no history of venous disease or leg swelling. All studies were preformed by the same experienced vascular technologist. Volunteers were instructed to lay supine while a blood pressure cuff was inflated to 100 mmhg around the mid-thigh. Presence of arterial flow was confirmed with color duplex after cuff inflation. Prior to rapid cuff release at 1 minute patients were instructed to exhale and hold their breath to augment venous outflow. Flow velocities in the left and right common femoral veins were recorded. Results The average age was 20.9 years (range 19–28 years) and the average BMI was 21.9 (range, 18–25). MVOV was slower on the left side in 22, slower on the right in 7 and equal in one volunteer. The mean right MVOV was 117.23 cm/sec, SD 46.95 and the mean left MVOV was 95.44 cm/sec, SD 32.94 ( P = 0.0095). There was no correlation between left and right MVOV with respect to age, BMI or height. Conclusions Significant differences in lower extremity venous flow are present in normal individuals at rest. This finding correlates with anatomic studies demonstrating a predilection towards narrowing of the left iliac vein in normal subjects. This simple, non-invasive method of quantifying venous hemodynamics may aid in selecting patients for further diagnostic testing or intervention.

scholarly journals The movement profile of trunk and neck during habitual vacuuming

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Maurer-Grubinger ◽  
J. Haenel ◽  
L. Fraeulin ◽  
F. Holzgreve ◽  
E. M. Wanke ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Spine ◽  
Lumbar Spine ◽  
Musculoskeletal Disorders ◽  
Motion Analysis ◽  
Motion Analysis System ◽  
Joint Angles ◽  
3D Motion ◽  
3D Motion Analysis ◽  
Vacuum Cleaning ◽  
Analysis System

AbstractMusculoskeletal disorders of the trunk and neck are common among cleaners. Vacuum cleaning is a demanding activity. The aim of this study was to present the movement profile of the trunk and neck during habitual vacuuming. The data were collected from 31 subjects (21f./10 m) using a 3D motion analysis system (Xsens). 10 cycles were analysed in vacuuming PVC and carpet floors with 8 vacuum cleaners. The joint angles and velocities were represented statistically descriptive. When vacuuming, the trunk is held in a forwardly inclined position by a flexion in the hip and rotated from this position. In the joint angles and velocities of the spine, the rotation proved to be dominant. A relatively large amount of movement took place in the cervical spine and also in the lumbar spine. The shown movement profile is rather a comfort area of vacuuming which may serve as a reference for ergonomics in vacuuming.

Digital Processing of STEM Images

1981 ◽  
Vol 39 ◽  
pp. 236-237
Author(s):  
A. V. Crewe ◽  
M. Ohtsuki
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Low Dose ◽  
Assembly Language ◽  
Processing System ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Digital Processing ◽  
Image Analysis System ◽  
Black And White ◽  
Analysis System ◽  
Dose Imaging

We have assembled an image processing system for use with our high resolution STEM for the particular purpose of working with low dose images of biological specimens. The system is quite flexible, however, and can be used for a wide variety of images.The original images are stored on magnetic tape at the microscope using the digitized signals from the detectors. For low dose imaging, these are “first scan” exposures using an automatic montage system. One Nova minicomputer and one tape drive are dedicated to this task.The principal component of the image analysis system is a Lexidata 3400 frame store memory. This memory is arranged in a 640 x 512 x 16 bit configuration. Images are displayed simultaneously on two high resolution monitors, one color and one black and white. Interaction with the memory is obtained using a Nova 4 (32K) computer and a trackball and switch unit provided by Lexidata.The language used is BASIC and uses a variety of assembly language Calls, some provided by Lexidata, but the majority written by students (D. Kopf and N. Townes).

DMSA-scintigraphy in paediatrics: Is the evaluation of the geometric mean necessary for the calculation of the differential renal function?

2001 ◽  
Vol 40 (04) ◽  
pp. 107-110 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Roßmüller ◽  
S. Alalp ◽  
S. Fischer ◽  
S. Dresel ◽  
K. Hahn ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Renal Function ◽  
Geometric Mean ◽  
Region Of Interest ◽  
Posterior View ◽  
Renal Abnormality ◽  
Anterior View ◽  
Differential Renal Function ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Right ◽  
To Receive

SummaryFor assessment of differential renal function (PF) by means of static renal scintigraphy with Tc-99m-dimer-captosuccinic acid (DMSA) the calculation of the geometric mean of counts from the anterior and posterior view is recommended. Aim of this retrospective study was to find out, if the anterior view is necessary to receive an accurate differential renal function by calculating the geometric mean compared to calculating PF using the counts of the posterior view only. Methods: 164 DMSA-scans of 151 children (86 f, 65 m) aged 16 d to 16 a (4.7 ± 3.9 a) were reviewed. The scans were performed using a dual head gamma camera (Picker Prism 2000 XP, low energy ultra high resolution collimator, matrix 256 x 256,300 kcts/view, Zoom: 1.6-2.0). Background corrected values from both kidneys anterior and posterior were obtained. Using region of interest technique PF was calculated using the counts of the dorsal view and compared with the calculated geometric mean [SQR(Ctsdors x Ctsventr]. Results: The differential function of the right kidney was significantly less when compared to the calculation of the geometric mean (p<0.01). The mean difference between the PFgeom and the PFdors was 1.5 ± 1.4%. A difference > 5% (5.0-9.5%) was obtained in only 6/164 scans (3.7%). Three of 6 patients presented with an underestimated PFdors due to dystopic kidneys on the left side in 2 patients and on the right side in one patient. The other 3 patients with a difference >5% did not show any renal abnormality. Conclusion: The calculation of the PF from the posterior view only will give an underestimated value of the right kidney compared to the calculation of the geometric mean. This effect is not relevant for the calculation of the differntial renal function in orthotopic kidneys, so that in these cases the anterior view is not necesssary. However, geometric mean calculation to obtain reliable values for differential renal function should be applied in cases with an obvious anatomical abnormality.

It is better an approximate answer to the right question than the exact answer to the wrong question : the case of the psychometric analysis of the ASQ:SE

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luis Anunciacao ◽  
janet squires ◽  
J. Landeira-Fernandez
Keyword(s):  
Internal Structure ◽  
Statistical Methods ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Psychological Theory ◽  
Published Data ◽  
Multivariate Statistical ◽  
Exact Answer ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Ages And Stages Questionnaire ◽  
The Right

One of the main activities in psychometrics is to analyze the internal structure of a test. Multivariate statistical methods, including Exploratory Factor analysis (EFA) and Principal Component Analysis (PCA) are frequently used to do this, but the growth of Network Analysis (NA) places this method as a promising candidate. The results obtained by these methods are of valuable interest, as they not only produce evidence to explore if the test is measuring its intended construct, but also to deal with the substantive theory that motivated the test development. However, these different statistical methods come up with different answers, providing the basis for different analytical and theoretical strategies when one needs to choose a solution. In this study, we took advantage of a large volume of published data (n = 22,331) obtained by the Ages and Stages Questionnaire Social-Emotional (ASQ:SE), and formed a subset of 500 children to present and discuss alternative psychometric solutions to its internal structure, and also to its subjacent theory. The analyses were based on a polychoric matrix, the number of factors to retain followed several well-known rules of thumb, and a wide range of exploratory methods was fitted to the data, including EFA, PCA, and NA. The statistical outcomes were divergent, varying from 1 to 6 domains, allowing a flexible interpretation of the results. We argue that the use of statistical methods in the absence of a well-grounded psychological theory has limited applications, despite its appeal. All data and codes are available at https://osf.io/z6gwv/.

Therapeutic Effects of Hab Shabyar on Open-Angle Glaucoma: A Double-Blinded, Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Trial

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. 1218
Author(s):  
Ebrahim Khalil BaniHabib ◽  
Ali Mostafai ◽  
Seyyed Mohammad Bagher Fazljou ◽  
Ghadir Mohammdi
Keyword(s):  
Placebo Group ◽  
Intraocular Pressure ◽  
Open Angle Glaucoma ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Therapeutic Effects ◽  
Open Angle ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Right ◽  
Double Blinded

Background: Open-angle glaucoma (OAG) is one of the leading causes of blindness worldwide. This study evaluates the therapeutic effects of hab shabyar in patients with open-angle glaucoma. Materials and Methods: In this clinical randomized controlled trial, 50 patients with OAG were randomized into two groups. The intervention group was received a drop of timolol plus 500 mg of hab shabyar every 12 hours. The placebo group was received a drop of timolol every 12 hours plus 500 mg of wheat germ as a placebo. The intraocular pressure in patients with OAG was measured in each group and compared at before the intervention (t1), one month (t2), and two months (t3) after the intervention. Results: The mean decrease in intraocular pressure for the right eye at three times in the intervention group was statistically significant, but the mean decrease in the placebo group was not significant. Similar results were obtained for the left eye at t1 when compared to t3. The patients in the intervention group expressed more satisfaction than the patients in the placebo group (P≤0.001). Conclusion: Our study demonstrated that consumption of timolol plus hab shabyar instead of consuming of timolol alone was probably more effective for reducing intraocular pressure in patients with OAG.[GMJ.2019;In press:e1218]

Flow cytometric identification and isolation of hypertrophic type II pneumocytes after partial pneumonectomy

1989 ◽  
Vol 257 (3) ◽  
pp. C528-C536 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. D. Uhal ◽  
S. R. Rannels ◽  
D. E. Rannels
Keyword(s):  
Gradient Centrifugation ◽  
Type Ii Cells ◽  
Type Ii ◽  
Acridine Orange Staining ◽  
Flow Cytometric ◽  
Percoll Density Gradient Centrifugation ◽  
Type Ii Pneumocytes ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Cellular Dna ◽  
The Right

Type II pneumocytes were isolated by either Percoll density gradient centrifugation or by immunoglobulin G (IgG) panning from the lungs of normal rats and the right lung of rats subjected to left pneumonectomy. Cells were studied at 7- (pnx-7) and 15- (pnx-15) days postoperative, times during and after, respectively, rapid compensatory growth of the right lung. Acridine orange staining permitted resolution of type II cells from contaminants on the basis of high red fluorescence (greater than 590 nm). Simultaneous measurement of forward-angle light scatter (FALS) suggested a shift of pnx-7 cells toward greater size, which was reversed in pnx-15 cells. By Percoll gradient isolation, approximately 15% of pnx-7 cells analyzed were above the mean FALS of control cells. In contrast, approximately 30% of the pnx-7 cells isolated by IgG panning were above the mean FALS of corresponding control cells. Biochemical analyses of pnx-7 cells separated by cell sorting into "high FALS" and "low FALS" subgroups revealed that high FALS type II cells contained 50% more protein (P less than 0.05) and 140% more RNA (P less than 0.01) than low FALS cells, with no significant change in cellular DNA content. These data are consistent with previous studies of type II cells isolated from the lungs of pneumonectomized animals and confirm the presence of hypertrophic cells in these preparations. They provide a foundation from which to design further flow cytometric studies of the role of hypertrophic type II pneumocytes in compensatory lung growth.

scholarly journals Digit Variability in Carotenoid Scores Obtained with the Veggie Meter: A Pilot Study (P02-001-19)

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Velarie Ansu ◽  
Stephanie Dickinson ◽  
Alyce Fly
Keyword(s):  
Indiana University ◽  
Left Hand ◽  
Funding Sources ◽  
Right Hand ◽  
Period Data ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Right ◽  
Post Hoc ◽  
Main Effects ◽  
Mean Square Errors

Abstract Objectives To determine which digit and hand have the highest and lowest skin carotenoid scores, to compare inter-and-intra-hand variability of digits, and to determine if results are consistent with another subject. Methods Two subjects’ first(F1), second(F2), third(F3) and fifth(F5) digits on both hands were measured for skin carotenoids with a Veggie Meter, for 3 times on each of 18 days over a 37-day period. Data were subjected to ANOVA in a factorial treatment design to determine main effects for hand (2 levels), digits (4), and days (18) along with interactions. Differences between digits were determined by Tukey's post hoc test. Results There were significant hand x digit, hand x day, digit x day, and hand x digit x day interactions and significant simple main effects for hand, digit, and day (all P < 0.001). Mean square errors were 143.67 and 195.62 for subject A and B, respectively, which were smaller than mean squares for all main effects and interactions. The mean scores ± SD for F1, F2, F3, and F5 digits for the right vs left hands for subject A were F1:357.13 ± 45.97 vs 363.74 ± 46.94, F2:403.17 ± 44.77 vs. 353.20 ± 44.13, F3:406.76 ± 43.10 vs. 357.11 ± 45.13, and F5:374.95 ± 53.00 vs. 377.90 ± 47.38. For subject B, the mean scores ± SD for digits for the right vs left hands were F1:294.72 ± 61.63 vs 280.71 ± 52.48, F2:285.85 ± 66.92 vs 252.67 ± 67.56, F3:268.56 ± 57.03 vs 283.22 ± 45.87, and F5:288.18 ± 34.46 vs 307.54 ± 40.04. The digits on the right hand of both subjects had higher carotenoid scores than those on the left hands, even though subjects had different dominant hands. Subject A had higher skin carotenoid scores on the F3 and F2 digits for the right hand and F5 on the left hand. Subject B had higher skin carotenoid scores on F5 (right) and F1 (left) digits. Conclusions The variability due to hand, digit, and day were all greater than that of the 3 replicates within the digit-day for both volunteers. This indicates that data were not completely random across the readings when remeasuring the same finger. Different fingers displayed higher carotenoid scores for each volunteer. There is a need to conduct a larger study with more subjects and a range of skin tones to determine whether the reliability of measurements among digits of both hands is similar across the population. Funding Sources Indiana University.

The Safety and Antimicrobial Properties of Stabilized Hypochlorous Acid in Acetic Acid Buffer for the Treatment of Acute Wounds—a Human Pilot Study and In Vitro Data

2021 ◽  
pp. 153473462110156
Author(s):  
Ewa A. Burian ◽  
Lubna Sabah ◽  
Klaus Kirketerp-Møller ◽  
Elin Ibstedt ◽  
Magnus M. Fazli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pilot Study ◽  
Hypochlorous Acid ◽  
Treatment Time ◽  
Donor Site ◽  
Antimicrobial Properties ◽  
Prolonged Treatment ◽  
Wound Irrigation ◽  
The Mean ◽  
And Performance

Acute wounds may require cleansing to reduce the risk of infection. Stabilized hypochlorous acid in acetic buffer (HOCl + buffer) is a novel wound irrigation solution with antimicrobial properties. We performed a first-in-man, prospective, open-label pilot study to document preliminary safety and performance in the treatment of acute wounds. The study enrolled 12 subjects scheduled for a split-skin graft transplantation, where the donor site was used as a model of an acute wound. The treatment time was 75 s, given on 6 occasions. A total of 7 adverse events were regarded as related to the treatment; all registered as pain during the procedure for 2 subjects. One subject had a wound infection at the donor site. The mean colony-forming unit (CFU) decreased by 41% after the treatment, and the mean epithelialization was 96% on both days 14 (standard deviation [SD] 8%) and 21 (SD 10%). The study provides preliminary support for the safety, well-tolerance, and efficacy of HOCl + buffer for acute wounds. The pain was frequent although resolved quickly. Excellent wound healing and satisfying antimicrobial properties were observed. A subsequent in vitro biofilm study also indicated good antimicrobial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa with a 96% mean reduction of CFU, when used for a treatment duration of 15 min ( P < .0001), and a 50% decrease for Staphylococcus aureus ( P = .1010). Future larger studies are needed to evaluate the safety and performance of HOCl + buffer in acute wounds, including the promising antimicrobial effect by prolonged treatment on bacterial biofilms.

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