scholarly journals Risk and Protective Factors of Disordered Eating in Adolescents Based on Gender and Body Mass Index

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (24) ◽  
pp. 9238
Author(s):  
Marios Argyrides ◽  
Elly Anastasiades ◽  
Evangelia Alexiou
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Eating Disorders ◽  
Protective Factors ◽  
Disordered Eating ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
Risk And Protective Factors ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Body Appreciation

The current study aimed to identify potential psychosocial risk and protective factors contributing to eating disorders in adolescents, and observe any differences between genders and Body Mass Index (BMI) categories. A cross-sectional survey was carried out with a total of 2605 (1063 male) adolescents, who were assessed for disordered eating, body-image satisfaction and investment, appearance/weight-related anxiety, situational dysphoria, media influences, self-esteem, and body appreciation. The results revealed that weight/appearance-related anxiety and situational dysphoria were the most significant risk factors for both genders. Pressures from the media posed a significant risk only for males and the internalization of the thin ideal only for females; however, the internalization of the athletic ideal did not pose as a significant risk factor. Compared to gender, these risk factors did not differ based on BMI. Additionally, body appreciation was found to be a robust protective factor (unlike global self-esteem) for both genders, and across all BMI groups. The findings indicate that the most significant risk and protective factors of eating disorders do not differ largely for male and female adolescents or different BMIs. Intervention and prevention programs would therefore benefit from the inclusion of exercises that reduce the constructs of weight/appearance-related anxiety and situational dysphoria, and promote body appreciation.

scholarly journals Associations between Body Appreciation and Disordered Eating in a Large Sample of Adolescents

Nutrients ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 752 ◽  
Author(s):  
Migle Baceviciene ◽  
Rasa Jankauskiene
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Body Dissatisfaction ◽  
Psychometric Properties ◽  
Disordered Eating ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Sports Participation ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
The Body ◽  
Body Appreciation ◽  
Large Sample

Body appreciation is one of the main facets of a positive body image. The present study aimed to examine the psychometric properties of the Lithuanian version of the Body Appreciation Scale-2 (BAS-2-LT) and test the associations between body appreciation and disordered eating in a large sample of adolescents of both genders. Method: The sample consisted of 1412 adolescents (40.2% were boys). The ages ranged from 15 to 18 years (92.4% were 17), with a mean age of 16.9 (SD = 0.5) for girls and 17.0 (SD = 0.4) for boys. Participants completed the BAS-2-LT alongside the measures of body dissatisfaction, disordered eating, body mass index, self-esteem, body functionality, and participation in sports. Linear regressions were used to test the associations between study variables and disordered eating. Results: BAS-2-LT replicated the original one-dimensional structure in girls and boys. Invariance across genders was established. The instrument showed good internal consistency and temporal stability. Body appreciation was negatively correlated with higher levels of body mass index, body dissatisfaction, and disordered eating. Positive associations were observed between body appreciation, self-esteem, body functionality, and sports participation. Higher levels of body appreciation decreased the risk of disordered eating behaviors in both genders. Conclusions: The results of the present study support the psychometric properties of BAS-2-LT. Body appreciation is associated with lower disordered eating in adolescent girls and boys. These findings present empirical support for the development of interventions programs that promote positive body images and aim to prevent disordered eating in adolescent boys and girls.

Insoddisfazione corporea in adolescenza: influenze di fattori bio-psico-sociali

2009 ◽  
pp. 51-65
Author(s):  
Cristina Stefanile ◽  
Camilla Matera ◽  
Elena Pisani ◽  
Ilaria Zambrini
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Body Dissatisfaction ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Body Shape ◽  
Eating Habits ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Sociocultural Influences ◽  
Shape Concern

- Body dissatisfaction is a central aspect for self-evaluation; pressures to maintain an ideal physique can result in disordered eating habits. In young women, body concern and anxiety related to some parts of it can be expressed through their desire to lose weight. The aim of the study is to analyze the role of some risk factors, such as Body Mass Index (BMI), low self-esteem and sociocultural influences in affecting body dissatisfaction, expressed in terms of distance from an ideal and body concern. Participants are 187 adolescent females aged between 14 and 16. Risk factors taken into consideration seem to have a different effect on the two aspects characterizing dissatisfaction. BMI, self-esteem and internalization of a thin ideal seem to influence the distance perceived from an ideal body; pressure, besides BMI and self-esteem, affect weight and body shape concern. Body shape concern seems to be influenced even by internalization and awareness. It can be observed that such risk factors, in particular BMI, play a different role in adolescents classified as normal weight and underweight.Parole chiave: immagine corporea, insoddisfazione corporea, adolescenti femmine, influenze socioculturali, autostima, indice di massa corporeaKey words: body image, body dissatisfaction, adolescent girls, sociocultural influences, selfesteem, body mass index

Concentrations of sex-hormone binding globulin and corticosteroid binding globulin in serum in relation to cardiovascular risk factors and to 12-year incidence of cardiovascular disease and overall mortality in postmenopausal women.

1986 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 146-152 ◽  
Author(s):  
L Lapidus ◽  
G Lindstedt ◽  
P A Lundberg ◽  
C Bengtsson ◽  
T Gredmark
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
Sex Hormone ◽  
Sex Hormone Binding Globulin ◽  
Hormone Binding ◽  
Corticosteroid Binding Globulin ◽  
Overall Mortality

Abstract We determined sex-hormone binding globulin (SHBG) and corticosteroid binding globulin (CBG) by radioimmunoassay of serum samples from a group of 253 women, who were 54 or 60 years old when first studied in 1968-69. The SHBG concentration was highly significantly and inversely related to body mass, body mass index, waist-to-hip circumference ratio, and serum triglyceride concentration; CBG concentration was inversely related to body mass and body mass index. The concentration of neither protein was related to whether or not the subject smoked. Decrease in the concentration of SHBG, but not of CBG, was a significant risk factor for 12-year overall mortality. The plot of the 12-year incidence of myocardial infarction vs SHBG concentration was U-shaped. We recommend that SHBG be included when serum androgens or estrogens are being evaluated as risk factors for cardiovascular disease and death.

scholarly journals The Determinants of Chronic Bronchitis in Aboriginal Children and Youth

2012 ◽  
Vol 19 (6) ◽  
pp. e75-e80 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alomgir Hossain ◽  
Stephanie Konrad ◽  
James A Dosman ◽  
Ambikaipakan Senthilselvan ◽  
Jesse McCrosky ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Chronic Bronchitis ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
Population Characteristics ◽  
Children And Youth ◽  
Aboriginal Peoples ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Aboriginal Children

BACKGROUND: There is limited knowledge concerning chronic bronchitis (CB) in Canadian Aboriginal peoples.OBJECTIVE: To determine the prevalence (crude and adjusted) of CB and its associated risk factors in Canadian Aboriginal children and youth six to 14 years of age.METHODS: Data from the cross-sectional Aboriginal Peoples Survey were analyzed in the present study. Logistic regression analysis was used to determine risk factors influencing the prevalence of CB among Aboriginal children and youth. The balanced repeated replication method was used to compute standard errors of regression coefficients to account for clustering inherent in the study design. The outcome of interest was based on the question: “Have you been told by a doctor, nurse or other health professional that you have chronic bronchitis?” Demographics, environment and population characteristics (predisposing and enabling resources) were tested for an association with CB.RESULTS: The prevalence of CB was 3.1% for boys and 2.8% for girls. Other significant risk factors of CB were age (OR 1.38 [95% CI 1.24 to 1.52] for 12 to 14 year olds versus six to eight year olds), income (OR 2.28 [95% CI 2.02 to 2.59] for income category <$25,000/year versus ≥$85,000/year), allergies (OR 1.96 [95% CI 1.78 to 2.16] for having allergies versus no allergies), asthma (OR 7.61 [ 95% CI 6.91 to 8.37] for having asthma versus no asthma) and location of residence (rural/urban and geographical location). A significant two-way interaction between sex and body mass index indicated that the relationship between the prevalence of CB and body mass index was modified by sex.DISCUSSION: The prevalence of CB was related to well-known risk factors among adults, including older age and lower annual income.

A prospective analysis of youth violence in adolescents: influence of depression, personality, social environment and media violence

2011 ◽  
Vol 26 (S2) ◽  
pp. 530-530
Author(s):  
C. Ferguson
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Protective Factors ◽  
Family Environment ◽  
Video Game ◽  
Youth Violence ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
Risk And Protective Factors ◽  
Media Violence ◽  
Positive Effects

ObjectiveUnderstanding youth violence remains a pressing issue of social concern. Identifying key risk factors for youth violence may help guide prevention and intervention efforts.AimsTo examine the relative impact of varying social influences related to family, community, mental health, television and video games on youth violence in a multivariate format.Study designThe current study involved a one-year prospective study of multiple risk and protective factors for youth violence in a Hispanic-majority sample of early adolescents. Multiple regression was used to examine risk factors from a multivariate format.ResultsResults find that current depression level was the most significant risk factor for youth violence. The influence of depression was most pronounced in individuals with preexisting antisocial personality traits. Risk and protective factors related to schools, neighborhoods, family environment or video game or television violence use were not predictive of youth violence.ConclusionsPotentially, prevention efforts which focus on mental health issues may demonstrate the most positive effects. The degree of resources and rhetoric spent on other factors, particularly television and video game violence may conversely proove unhelpful in reducing youth violence.

scholarly journals Aesthetic Sports as High-Risk Contexts for Eating Disorders — Young Elite Dancers and Gymnasts Perspectives

2012 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 265-274 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rita Francisco ◽  
Madalena Alarcão ◽  
Isabel Narciso
Keyword(s):  
Eating Disorders ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Protective Factors ◽  
Focus Groups ◽  
Disordered Eating ◽  
Risk And Protective Factors ◽  
Analysis Procedure ◽  
Young Athletes ◽  
Environmental Characteristics ◽  
Professional Dance

This is the first study developed in Portugal which investigates specific characteristics of dance and gymnastics environments that make them high-risk contexts for the development of eating disorders. Four focus groups were conducted with thirteen ballet students from a professional dance school and nine gymnasts from a gymnastics club (aged 12 to 17 years old), which were subjected to an inductive-deductive analysis procedure. Specific risk and protective factors were identified. Among their respective sources of influence, teachers and coaches are those who exert a stronger influence upon young athletes. We also explored some themes related to the influence of peers, parents, and environmental characteristics, which could have an important role on the development or prevention of disordered eating.

Risk Assessment of Pancreatic Surgery by Surgical Apgar Score and Body Mass Index

2016 ◽  
Vol 101 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 263-269 ◽  
Author(s):  
Toru Aoyama ◽  
Yusuke Katayama ◽  
Masaaki Murakawa ◽  
Koichiro Yamaoku ◽  
Amane Kanazawa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Pancreatic Cancer ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Apgar Score ◽  
Pancreatic Surgery ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
Cancer Center ◽  
Estimated Blood Loss ◽  
Surgical Apgar Score

Postoperative morbidity is high after pancreatic surgery. Recently, a simple and easy-to-use surgical complication prediction system, the surgical Apgar score (SAS), calculated using 3 intraoperative parameters (estimated blood loss, lowest mean arterial pressure, and lowest heart rate) has been proposed for general surgery. In this study, we evaluated the predictability of the SAS for severe complications after pancreatic surgery for pancreatic cancer. We investigated 189 patients who underwent pancreatic surgery at Kanagawa Cancer Center between 2005 and 2014. Clinicopathologic data, including the intraoperative parameters, were collected retrospectively. In this study, the patients with postoperative morbidities classified as Clavien-Dindo grade 2 or higher were classified as having severe complications. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed to identify the risk factors for morbidity. Postoperative complications were identified in 73 patients, and the overall morbidity rate was 38.6%. The results of both univariate and multivariate analyses of various factors for overall operative morbidity showed that an SAS of 0 to 4 points and a body mass index ≥25 kg/m2 were significant independent risk factors for overall morbidity (P = 0.046 and P = 0.013). The SAS and body mass index were significant risk factors for surgical complications after pancreatic surgery for pancreatic cancer.

Risk factors for adult acquired subglottic stenosis

2016 ◽  
Vol 131 (3) ◽  
pp. 264-267 ◽  
Author(s):  
E A Nicolli ◽  
R M Carey ◽  
D Farquhar ◽  
S Haft ◽  
K P Alfonso ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
Patient Characteristics ◽  
Subglottic Stenosis ◽  
Patient Demographics ◽  
Obesity And Diabetes

AbstractObjective:The aetiology and outcomes for patients with acquired subglottic stenosis are highly variable. This study aimed to identify risk factors for subglottic stenosis and patient characteristics that predict long-term clinical outcomes.Methods:A retrospective review was performed on 63 patients with subglottic stenosis and 63 age-matched controls. Patient demographics and clinical characteristics were compared. Subglottic stenosis patients were further grouped according to tracheostomy status (i.e. tracheostomy never required, tracheostomy initially required but patient eventually decannulated, and tracheostomy-dependent). Patient factors from these three groups were then compared to evaluate risk factors for long-term tracheostomy dependence.Results:Compared to controls, patients with subglottic stenosis had a significantly higher body mass index (30.8vs26.0 kg/m2;p< 0.001) and were more likely to have diabetes (23.8 per centvs7.94 per cent;p= 0.01). Comparing tracheostomy outcomes within the subglottic stenosis group, body mass index trended towards significance (p= 0.08). Age, gender, socio-economic status, subglottic stenosis aetiology and other co-morbidities did not correlate with outcome.Conclusion:Obesity and diabetes are significant risk factors for acquiring subglottic stenosis. Further investigations are required to determine if obesity is also a predictor for failed tracheostomy decannulation in subglottic stenosis.

scholarly journals Underweight increases the risk of pulmonary tuberculosis in adult

2017 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 4
Author(s):  
Galuh Chandra Irawan ◽  
Ani Margawati ◽  
Ali Rosidi
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Pulmonary Tuberculosis ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Smoking Behavior ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
Low Body Mass Index

<p>Background<br />Tuberculosis (TB) is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality, especially in middle- and low-income countries. The risk of developing TB may be related to nutritional status. Socioeconomic and behavioral factors are also shown to increase the susceptibility to TB infection. The objective of this study was to determine nutritional factors as risk factors of pulmonary TB in adult.</p><p>Methods<br />This was an observational study of case control design. The study subjects were community members consisting of 19 adult cases of pulmonary tuberculosis and 38 controls. Data on nutritional intakes were obtained by semiquantitative food frequency questionnaire (FFQ), while smoking behavior, history of DM, body mass index, education, and income were obtained by structured interviews. The data were analyzed by independent t-test and logistic regression for calculation of the odds ratio (OR).</p><p>Results<br />The bivariate test showed that the adequacy levels for energy (OR=6.8; 95% CI: 1.51-30.54), protein (OR=5.1; 95% CI: 1.52-17.14), vitamin A (OR=4.2; 5% CI: 1.31-13.54), vitamin C (OR=3.8;95% CI: 1.21-12.36), selenium (OR=4.2; 95% CI: 1.34-13.58), body mass index (OR=4.4; 95% CI: 1.32-14.35) and smoking behavior (OR=3.7; 95% CI: 1.15-11.9), were significant risk factors for pulmonary tuberculosis. Multiple logistic regression test showed that low body mass index (&lt;18.5 kg/m2) (OR=6.0; 95% CI: 1.32-27.18) was a the most influential risk factor of pulmonary tuberculosis.</p><p>Conclusion<br />Low body mass index is the most influential risk factor for pulmonary tuberculosis incidence in adult. Nutrition profile in adult is an important determinant of TB incidence.</p>

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