scholarly journals Urbanization’s Impacts on Ecosystem Health Dynamics in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Region, China

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 918
Author(s):  
Fan Wu ◽  
Xiaoke Wang ◽  
Yufen Ren
Keyword(s):  
Ecological Restoration ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Ecosystem Health ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Dominant Factor ◽  
Rapid Urbanization ◽  
The North ◽  
Health Dynamics ◽  
High Level ◽  
Bth Region

Accelerated urbanization disturbs ecosystems and influences ecosystem structures and functions. Ecosystem health (ESH) assessments in regions undergoing the rapid urbanization process assist us in understanding how ESH changes and how urbanization specifically affects ESH. We assessed the ESH of Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei (BTH) region, China, including the ecosystem service value (ESV). In this study, we selected nine indicators and applied multiple pieces of software, including ArcGIS10.4, Fragstats4.2 and Geoda1.14 to detect the impacts of urbanization on regional ESH in 1995, 2000, 2005, 2010 and 2015. The results show that ESH in the BTH region increased from 2000 to 2015, especially in the northern parts. The improvements were due to the implementation of key ecological restoration projects protecting and re-establishing the forest in the north. Furthermore, the spatial correlation results indicate that urbanization had a negative impact on ESH in the BTH region, of which the dominant factor was the population density in 1995. The dominant factor was the construction land proportion from 2005 to 2015. We suggest that ecological restoration projects should be continued in northern regions with strong and relatively strong ESH levels to maintain high-level ecosystem health. In addition, more attention should be paid to the ESH level improvement in peri-urban areas.

scholarly journals Impact of Urbanization and Climate on Vegetation Coverage in the Beijing–Tianjin–Hebei Region of China

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (20) ◽  
pp. 2452 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qian Zhou ◽  
Xiang Zhao ◽  
Donghai Wu ◽  
Rongyun Tang ◽  
Xiaozheng Du ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Core Area ◽  
Vegetation Coverage ◽  
Effect Of Temperature ◽  
Environment Change ◽  
Regional Environment ◽  
Rapid Urbanization ◽  
Important Indicator ◽  
Artificial Surface ◽  
Bth Region

Worldwide urbanization leads to ecological changes around urban areas. However, few studies have quantitatively investigated the impacts of urbanization on vegetation coverage so far. As an important indicator measuring regional environment change, fractional vegetation cover (FVC) is widely used to analyze changes in vegetation in urban areas. In this study, on the basis of a partial derivative model, we quantified the effect of temperature, precipitation, radiation, and urbanization represented as nighttime light on vegetation coverage changes in the Beijing–Tianjin–Hebei (BTH) region during its period of rapid resident population growth from 2001 to 2011. The results showed that (1) the FVC of the BTH region varied from 0.20 to 0.26, with significant spatial heterogeneity. The FVC increased in small cities such as Cangzhou and in the Taihang Mountains, while it decreased in megacities with populations greater than 1 million, such as Beijing and Zhangjiakou Bashang. (2) The BTH region experienced rapid urbanization, with the area of artificial surface increasing by 18.42%. From the urban core area to the fringe area, the urbanization intensity decreased, but the urbanization rate increased. (3) Urbanization and precipitation had the greatest effect on FVC changes. Urbanization dominated the FVC changes in the expanded area, while precipitation had the greatest impacts on the FVC changes in the core area. For future studies on the major influencing factors of FVC changes, quantitative analysis of the contribution of urbanization to FVC changes in urban regions is crucial and will provide scientific perspectives for sustainable urban planning.

scholarly journals Identification of Coastal Vulnerability at The North Pagai Island of Mentawai Using Smartline Method

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 130
Author(s):  
Herdiana Mutmainah ◽  
Aprizon Putra
Keyword(s):  
Negative Impact ◽  
Practical Method ◽  
Small Island ◽  
Physical Aspect ◽  
Coastal Vulnerability ◽  
Coastal Morphology ◽  
The North ◽  
Strong Winds ◽  
High Level ◽  
Very High

Climate change and global warming have a negative impact on coastal, especially small islands. Abration and floods can be very danger and need response to minimize the disaster risks. A simple and practical method is needed to inform the location and type of coastal vulnerability and its risks along coastal segments. Smartline is a coastal management method that represents the geomorphology of coastal, hinterland and shoreline. The North Pagai is a small island, a part of the Mentawai Islands that located at the west offshore of Sumatra Island and one of the under developed areas in Indonesia. The island is surrounded by the Hindia Ocean and located on a subduction path of tectonic plate that prone to earthquakes and Tsunami. High rainfall, strong winds, the complexity of coastal morphology and also the majority of coastal residents and limited infrastructure make the problems more complicated. Tsunami in 2010 (7.7 Mw) caused the change of shoreline getting worst on The East Coast of The North Pagai Island. This study aims to identify the coastal vulnerability using Smartline method. The research was conducted on April and September 2016. The result concludes that physical aspect shows Saumangaya and Matobe Village at high and also very high level of vulnerability hence Sikakap Village at very high level. The socio-economic aspect shows that The Sikakap Village is more advanced but contrary more vulnerable to disaster in terms of population density and complex activities. The North Pagai Island is a vulnerable island from physical and socio-economic aspects.

scholarly journals Temporal–Spatial Distribution of Ecosystem Health and Its Response to Human Interference Based on Different Terrain Gradients: A Case Study in Gannan, China

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 1773 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yu Shi ◽  
Rui Han ◽  
Luo Guo
Keyword(s):  
Ecosystem Health ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Jiangxi Province ◽  
Spatial Correlations ◽  
Rapid Urbanization ◽  
Human Interference ◽  
The Status ◽  
Urbanization In China ◽  
Impact Of Urbanization ◽  
The Impact

The exploitation, utilization, and protection of land resources are some of the great social problems during the process of rapid urbanization in China. The status of land use directly affects ecosystem health (ESH). The evaluation of ESH and the spatial correlations between urbanization caused by human interference help us to analyze the influence of urbanization on ecosystems and also provide new insight into reasonable and scientific resource management. In this study, we evaluated the ESH of Gannan, in Jiangxi Province, China, based on ecosystem service values (ESV) and selected a series of indicators to detect the impact of urbanization on ecosystem health in 1990, 1995, 2000, 2005, 2010. and 2015. Remote sensing (RS) and the Geographic Information System (GIS) were used as processing tools to calculate basic data and to map the results based on different terrain gradients. The results show that ecosystem health suffered a downward trend from 1990 to 2015. Especially, the area proportion at an unhealthy level and average health (ave-health) level increased prominently, and the area of a well state decreased. Further, the results indicate that urbanization had a negative impact on ESH. The degree of a negative correlation increases with the process of urban sprawl. In addition, we found that from 1990 to 2015, the area proportion of a degraded level and unhealthy level was the highest on the first terrain gradient, and as the terrain gradient increased, this area proportion also decreased. However, the high interference region occupies a higher proportion in the lower terrain gradient. Consequently, the results could reveal the impact of urbanization on ecosystem health and could provide an even more effective service for a sustainable development.

Thinking of Village Construction in Central Region under the Context of Labor Migration

2014 ◽  
Vol 507 ◽  
pp. 666-674
Author(s):  
Pan Yi ◽  
Li Xin ◽  
Sheng Yu Guo
Keyword(s):  
Central Region ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Labor Migration ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Floating Population ◽  
Rapid Urbanization ◽  
Rural And Urban Areas ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Rural And Urban

China’s 30 years’ rapid urbanization process is not a usual one but a particular process promoted in the dual social-economic structure like household registration policy and land system, According to the sixth census, China's floating population has reached 261 million, that is, among every three Chinese city's residents, there is one person belonging to the “Migrant-urbanization” group made up of migrant peasant workers. Large number of rural labor migration, on the one hand, it causes false components in the process of urbanization, on the other hand, it brings a lot of problems to village construction of the central region which is considered as population exporter. It also somehow gradually formed the result of the "amphibious" population who was not engaged in agricultural production, localization tendency of rural industries, sidelined agriculture, and the disordered development of towns and villages. This paper is based on the background that regional labor movement from backward areas to developed coastal areas.Furthermore, this paper analyzes both the positive effects and the negative impact of labor migration which brought about to the construction of the central region village in China. Finally, this paper proposed three strategies about construction of the central region village in China with the aim to contribute to the much better sustainable development of rural villages and improve the co-development of both the rural and urban areas, first, how to arrange the surplus rural laborers; how to make rural land use more economically and intensively; and how to balance the development of urban and rural areas.

scholarly journals Modernizing the Economic Landscapes of the North

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 195-211 ◽  
Author(s):  
Håkan Forsell
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Industrial Development ◽  
Cultural Development ◽  
Way Of Life ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
Economic Interests ◽  
Rapid Urbanization ◽  
The North ◽  
Time Period ◽  
In The Beginning

The article deals with two lines of economic and cultural development of the Swedish Norrbotten as a region subjected to a special exploitation and internal colonial power relations in the decades around 1900. It is in the first place the industrial modernization of basic industries and a modern employment market, which spurred the rapid urbanization of a landscape that previously barely created any urban areas. And second the article deals with the enlargement and the boundaries of the state’s educational territory during the same time-period. The position of the Sámi population in the new educational system that evolved with society’s gradual democratization is discussed within the context of internal colonization. Government policies in different areas such as urban planning, infrastructure, education and schooling based themselves in the beginning of the twentieth century on discussions of the Sámi’s ‘qualified dissimilarity’, a concept which also was meant to ‘protect’ this group. This was a government-sanctioned differentiation and a cultural segregationist policy to ensure a non-mixing of different societal and economic interests. But even more so, the purpose was to place the Sámi economic activities within cultural parenthesis, isolate the traditional way of life, devalue it and make it immutable and static, severing it from industrial development and the promises and materialization of modernity and progress.

scholarly journals Estimating Fine-Scale Heat Vulnerability in Beijing Through Two Approaches: Spatial Patterns, Similarities, and Divergence

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (20) ◽  
pp. 2358 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xuan Guo ◽  
Ganlin Huang ◽  
Peng Jia ◽  
Jianguo Wu
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Patterns ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Heat Exposure ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Fine Scale ◽  
Single Measure ◽  
Air Conditioners ◽  
The North ◽  
Heat Vulnerability

High temperatures in urban areas cause a significant negative impact on the residents’ health. In a megacity such as Beijing, where both the land cover and social composition of residents are highly spatially heterogeneous, understanding heat vulnerability at a relatively fine scale is a prerequisite for place-based heat intervention actions. Both principal component analysis (PCA) and equal-weighted index (EWI) are commonly used in heat vulnerability studies. However, the extent to which the choice of these approaches may impact the results remains unclear. Our study aimed to fill this gap by estimating heat vulnerability at the jiedao scale (the smallest census unit) in Beijing based on socioeconomic characteristics, heat exposure, and the use of air conditioners. Our results show that the choice of methods had a considerable impact on the spatial patterns of estimated heat vulnerability. PCA resulted in a ring-like pattern (high in the central and low in the suburb), whereas EWI revealed a north–south discrepancy (low in the north and high in the south). Such a difference is caused by the weighting scheme used in the PCA. Our findings indicate that heat vulnerability pattern revealed by a single measure needs to be interpreted with caution because different measures may produce disparate results.

scholarly journals Impact of Fast Urbanization on Ecosystem Health in Mountainous Regions of Southwest China

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 826
Author(s):  
Yi Xiao ◽  
Luo Guo ◽  
Weiguo Sang
Keyword(s):  
Ecosystem Services ◽  
Ecosystem Health ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Guizhou Province ◽  
Dominant Factor ◽  
Land Use Patterns ◽  
Mountainous Regions ◽  
Significant Negative Impact ◽  
Impact Of Urbanization ◽  
The Impact

Accelerated urbanization has changed land use patterns, leading to the deterioration of ecosystems. Assessments of ecosystem health (ESH) during the urbanization process are used to determine the reasons and mechanism for this, and to uncover negative factors. In this study, we assessed the ESH of Qiannan prefecture, in Guizhou Province, China, based on the ecosystem services value. We selected a series of indicators, including natural, social, and economic aspects, to detect the impact of urbanization on ecosystem services in 1990, 1995, 2000, 2005, 2010, and 2015. The results show that ESH in Qiannan declined from 1990 to 2015, especially in the eastern and northern regions. Further, the results indicate that urbanization had a negative impact on ESH, of which the dominant factor was the proportion of construction land from 1990 to 2005. After 2005, moreover, the dominant factor was the gross domestic product. The impact of urbanization on EHS had spatial differences, however. The most significant negative impact was found in the east and north. After 2010, the western and central regions of Qiannan showed an urbanization trend in favor of ecosystem health. We recommend ecological restoration in regions with weak and relatively weak ESH levels to achieve sustainable development.

Impact of Rapid Urbanization and Climate Change on Agricultural Productivity in Africa

2016 ◽  
pp. 416-426
Author(s):  
Mutisya Emmanuel ◽  
Lilian Muasa ◽  
Chiahsin Chen ◽  
Florence Mutisya ◽  
Ram Avtar
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Rapid Growth ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Agricultural Productivity ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Rapid Urbanization ◽  
Vulnerability To Climate Change ◽  
The Impact

Africa continues to experience serious signs of multiple crises in the context of sustainability. These crises include vulnerability to climate change, rapid urbanization, food insecurity, and many others. One crisis, that defines Africa today, is the unprecedented rapid urbanization which continues to pose a big challenge to the diminishing available resources, environmental quality and human well-being. Cities in Africa continue to experience a fast horizontal growth of settlements due to influx of people from rural areas who often settle in the economically lowest segments in urban areas. This horizontal rapid growth has eaten up land set for agriculture around cities and promoted the rapid growth of informal settlements exacerbating the impacts of climate change leading to a negative impact on agricultural production. Policies linking rapid urbanization and climate change with agricultural productivity are need. This paper explores and documents the impact of rapid urbanization on climate change policies and subsequent impact on agriculture in Africa.

Using APSIM to explore wheat yield response to climate change in the North China Plain: the predicted adaptation of wheat cultivar types to vernalization

2012 ◽  
Vol 151 (6) ◽  
pp. 836-848 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. ZHANG ◽  
L. P. FENG ◽  
J. WANG ◽  
E. L. WANG ◽  
Y. L. XU
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Winter Wheat ◽  
North China Plain ◽  
North China ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Wheat Cultivar ◽  
Dominant Factor ◽  
Annual Variability ◽  
The North ◽  
The North China Plain

SUMMARYCultivar selection is a dominant factor in crop production to obtain high yield. While previous studies have evaluated a range of impacts and adaptation of climate change (CC) on crop yield, few studies have focused on evaluating the effectiveness of changing cultivars with different vernalization requirements as an adaptation. In the present study, mean and inter-annual variability of yield were quantified for three winter wheat cultivar types at three ecological sites (Shangzhuang in Beijing, Quzhou in Hebei and Huangfanqu in Henan) in the North China Plain, by linking a crop model and the outputs of Providing Regional Climates for Impacts Studies (PRECIS) for both the baseline (1961–90) and future SRES scenarios A2 and B2 (2070–2100). The results showed that a warming trend prolonged the length of the vegetative growth period of local cultivars through reduced vernalization, generally leading to a negative impact on yield. However, the introduction of cultivars with relatively lower vernalization demands from warmer southern to cooler northern regions could be an effective adaptation strategy to offset the negative impact of climatic change. Adjustment in cultivars increased yield at Shangzhuang and maintained it at Quzhou and Huangfanqu. Elevated CO2 would significantly increase yield in the future with or without considering the sensitivities of the selected cultivars. The inter-annual variability of yield generally increased in the A2 scenario, but decreased in the B2 scenario. Overall, winter wheat with semi-winter types or weak-winter types would grow preferentially, while cultivars with winter types would probably be reduced in future.

scholarly journals Statistical Modeling of the Early-Stage Impact of a New Traffic Policy in Milan, Italy

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 1088 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paolo Maranzano ◽  
Alessandro Fassò ◽  
Matteo Pelagatti ◽  
Manfred Mudelsee
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Time Window ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Social Adaptation ◽  
Policy Model ◽  
The North ◽  
Short Period ◽  
Progressive Policy

Most urban areas of the Po basin in the North of Italy are persistently affected by poor air quality and difficulty in disposing of airborne pollutants. In this context, the municipality of Milan started a multi-year progressive policy based on an extended limited traffic zone (Area B). Starting on 25 February 2019, the first phase partially restricted the circulation of some classes of highly polluting vehicles on the territory, in particular, Euro 0 petrol vehicles and Euro 0 to 3 diesel vehicles, excluding public transport. This is the early-stage of a long term policy that will restrict access to an increasing number of vehicles. The goal of this paper is to evaluate the early-stage impact of this policy on two specific vehicle-generated pollutants: total nitrogen oxides (NO x ) and nitrogen dioxide (NO 2 ), which are gathered by Lombardy Regional Agency for Environmental Protection (ARPA Lombardia). We use a statistical model for time series intervention analysis based on unobservable components. We use data from 2014 to 2018 for pre-policy model selection and the relatively short period up to September 2019 for early-stage policy assessment. We include weather conditions, socio-economic factors, and a counter-factual, given by the concentration of the same pollutant in other important neighbouring cities. Although the average concentrations reduced after the policy introduction, this paper argues that this could be due to other factors. Considering that the short time window may be not long enough for social adaptation to the new rules, our model does not provide statistical evidence of a positive policy effect for NO x and NO 2 . Instead, in one of the most central monitoring stations, a significant negative impact is found.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document