scholarly journals Community Risk Factors in the COVID-19 Incidence and Mortality in Catalonia (Spain). A Population-Based Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (7) ◽  
pp. 3768
Author(s):  
Quim Zaldo-Aubanell ◽  
Ferran Campillo i López ◽  
Albert Bach ◽  
Isabel Serra ◽  
Joan Olivet-Vila ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Land Use ◽  
Food Industry ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Pollutant Concentration ◽  
Independent Effect ◽  
Incidence And Mortality ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Main Model ◽  
Concentration Levels

The heterogenous distribution of both COVID-19 incidence and mortality in Catalonia (Spain) during the firsts moths of the pandemic suggests that differences in baseline risk factors across regions might play a relevant role in modulating the outcome of the pandemic. This paper investigates the associations between both COVID-19 incidence and mortality and air pollutant concentration levels, and screens the potential effect of the type of agri-food industry and the overall land use and cover (LULC) at area level. We used a main model with demographic, socioeconomic and comorbidity covariates highlighted in previous research as important predictors. This allowed us to take a glimpse of the independent effect of the explanatory variables when controlled for the main model covariates. Our findings are aligned with previous research showing that the baseline features of the regions in terms of general health status, pollutant concentration levels (here NO2 and PM10), type of agri-food industry, and type of land use and land cover have modulated the impact of COVID-19 at a regional scale. This study is among the first to explore the associations between COVID-19 and the type of agri-food industry and LULC data using a population-based approach. The results of this paper might serve as the basis to develop new research hypotheses using a more comprehensive approach, highlighting the inequalities of regions in terms of risk factors and their response to COVID-19, as well as fostering public policies towards more resilient and safer environments.

scholarly journals Sex differences in incidence and mortality of bloodstream infections. Results from the population-based HUNT study in Norway

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Randi Marie Mohus ◽  
Lise T. Gustad ◽  
Anne Sofie Furberg ◽  
Martine Kjølberg Moen ◽  
Kristin Vardheim Liyanarachi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Sex Differences ◽  
Large Population ◽  
Bloodstream Infections ◽  
Hdl Cholesterol ◽  
Health Behaviours ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Incidence And Mortality ◽  
The Impact ◽  
First Time

AbstractObjectiveTo examine the effect of sex on risk of bloodstream infections (BSI) and BSI mortality and to assess to what extent known risk factors for BSI mediate this association in the general population.ParticipantsThe prospective, population-based HUNT2 Survey (1995-97) in Norway invited 93,898 inhabitants ≥20 years in the Nord-Trøndelag region, whereof 65,237 (69.5%) participated. 46.8% of the participants were men.ExposuresSex and potential mediators between sex and BSI; health behaviours (smoking, alcohol consumption), education attainment, cardiovascular risk factors (systolic blood pressure, non-HDL cholesterol, body mass index) and previous or current comorbidities.Main outcome measuresSex differences in risk of first-time BSI, BSI mortality (death within first 30 days after a BSI), BSI caused by the most frequent bacteria, and the impact of known BSI risk factors as mediators.ResultsWe documented a first-time BSI for 1,840 (2.9%) participants (51.3% men) during a median follow-up of 14.8 years. Of these, 396 (0.6%) died (56.6% men). Men had 41% higher risk of any first-time BSI (95% confidence interval (CI), 28 to 54%) than women. An estimated 34% of the excess risk of BSI in men was mediated by known BSI risk factors. The hazard ratio (HR) with 95% CI for BSI due to S. aureus was 2.09 (1.28 to 2.54), S. pneumoniae 1.36 (1.05 to 1.76), and E. coli 0.97 (0.84 to 1.13) in men vs women. BSI related mortality was higher in men compared to women with HR 1.87 (1.53 to 2.28).ConclusionsThis large population-based study show that men have higher risk of BSI than women. One-third of this effect was mediated by known risk factors for BSI. This raises important questions regarding sex specific approaches to reduce the burden of BSI.

scholarly journals Evaluation of community coalition training effects on youth hospital-admitted injury incidence in Victoria, Australia: 2001–2017

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (5) ◽  
pp. 463-470 ◽  
Author(s):  
Janneke Berecki-Gisolf ◽  
Bosco Rowland ◽  
Nicola Reavley ◽  
Barbara Minuzzo ◽  
John Toumbourou
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Injury Risk ◽  
Negative Binomial ◽  
Hospital Admissions ◽  
Intervention Strategy ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Negative Binomial Regression ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Injury Incidence ◽  
The Impact

BackgroundInjuries are one of the three leading causes of morbidity and mortality for young people internationally. Although community risk factors are modifiable causes of youth injury, there has been limited evaluation of community interventions. Communities That Care (CTC) offers a coalition training process to increase evidence-based practices that reduce youth injury risk factors.MethodUsing a non-experimental design, this study made use of population-based hospital admissions data to evaluate the impact on injuries for 15 communities that implemented CTC between 2001 and 2017 in Victoria, Australia. Negative binomial regression models evaluated trends in injury admissions (all, unintentional and transport), comparing CTC and non-CTC communities across different age groups.ResultsStatistically significant relative reductions in all hospital injury admissions in 0–4 year olds were associated with communities completing the CTC process and in 0–19 year olds when communities began their second cycle of CTC. When analysed by subgroup, a similar pattern was observed with unintentional injuries but not with transport injuries.ConclusionThe findings support CTC coalition training as an intervention strategy for preventing youth hospital injury admissions. However, future studies should consider stronger research designs, confirm findings in different community contexts, use other data sources and evaluate intervention mechanisms.

scholarly journals The Impact of Clinical, Demographic and Risk Factors on Rates of HIV Transmission: A Population-based Phylogenetic Analysis in British Columbia, Canada

2014 ◽  
Vol 211 (6) ◽  
pp. 926-935 ◽  
Author(s):  
Art F. Y. Poon ◽  
Jeffrey B. Joy ◽  
Conan K. Woods ◽  
Susan Shurgold ◽  
Guillaume Colley ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
British Columbia ◽  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
Hiv Transmission ◽  
Population Based ◽  
The Impact

scholarly journals Apgar Score Is Related to Development of Atopic Dermatitis: Cotwin Control Study

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Vibeke Naeser ◽  
Niklas Kahr ◽  
Lone Graff Stensballe ◽  
Kirsten Ohm Kyvik ◽  
Axel Skytthe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Atopic Dermatitis ◽  
Apgar Score ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Control Analysis ◽  
Birth Registry ◽  
Birth Characteristics ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Control Study ◽  
Danish Twin

Aim. To study the impact of birth characteristics on the risk of atopic dermatitis in a twin population. Methods. In a population-based questionnaire study of 10,809 twins, 3–9 years of age, from the Danish Twin Registry, we identified 907 twin pairs discordant for parent-reported atopic dermatitis. We cross-linked with data from the Danish National Birth Registry and performed cotwin control analysis in order to test the impact of birth characteristics on the risk of atopic dermatitis. Results. Apgar score, OR (per unit) = 1.23 (1.06–1.44), P=0.008, and female sex, OR = 1.31 (1.06–1.61), P=0.012, were risk factors for atopic dermatitis in cotwin control analysis, whereas birth anthropometric factors were not significantly related to disease development. Risk estimates in monozygotic and dizygotic twins were not significantly different for the identified risk factors. Conclusions. In this population-based cotwin control study, high Apgar score was a risk factor for atopic dermatitis. This novel finding must be confirmed in subsequent studies.

scholarly journals Endogenous sex hormone levels in men are not associated with risk of venous thromboembolism: the Tromsø study

2009 ◽  
Vol 160 (5) ◽  
pp. 833-838 ◽  
Author(s):  
Johan Svartberg ◽  
Sigrid K Brækkan ◽  
Gail A Laughlin ◽  
John-Bjarne Hansen
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Venous Thromboembolism ◽  
Free Testosterone ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Sex Hormone ◽  
Population Based Study ◽  
Hormone Levels ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
The Impact

ObjectivesLow testosterone levels in men have been associated with cardiovascular risk factors and atherosclerosis and lately also an increased risk of both cardiovascular disease (CVD) and all-cause mortality. As arterial CVDs and venous thromboembolism (VTE) have been shown to share common risk factors, the purpose of the present study was to determine the impact of endogenous sex hormone levels on the incidence of VTE in a cohort of men.DesignA prospective, population-based study.MethodsSex hormone measurements were available in 1350 men, aged 50–84, participating in the Tromsø study in 1994–1995. First, lifetime VTE-events during the follow-up were registered up to September 1 2007.ResultsThere were 63 incident VTE-events (4.5 per 1000 person-years) during a mean of 10.4 years of follow-up. Age was significantly associated with increased risk of VTE; men 70 years or older had a 2.5-fold higher risk of VTE (HR 2.47, 95% CI 1.19–5.12), compared with those between 50 and 60 years of age. In age-adjusted analyses, endogenous sex hormones levels were not associated with risk of VTE; for each s.d. increase, hazards ratios (95% CI) were 1.06 (0.83–1.35) for total testosterone, 1.02 (0.79–1.33) for free testosterone, and 1.27 (0.94–1.71) for ln-estradiol. In dichotomized analyses comparing men in the lowest total and free testosterone quartile with men in the higher quartiles, hypoandrogenemia was not associated with risk of VTE.ConclusionsIn this population-based study of middle-aged and older men, endogenous sex hormone levels were not associated with 10-year risk of VTE.

The impact of birth weight on prostate cancer incidence and mortality in a population-based study of men born in 1913 and followed up from 50 to 85 years of age

The Prostate ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 67 (11) ◽  
pp. 1247-1254 ◽  
Author(s):  
Margaretha Eriksson ◽  
Hans Wedel ◽  
Mari-Ann Wallander ◽  
Ingvar Krakau ◽  
Jonas Hugosson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Cancer Incidence ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Population Based Study ◽  
Prostate Cancer Incidence ◽  
Incidence And Mortality ◽  
The Impact

scholarly journals The impact of risk factor trends on intracerebral hemorrhage incidence over the last two decades—The Tromsø Study

2018 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 61-68 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Carlsson ◽  
Tom Wilsgaard ◽  
Stein Harald Johnsen ◽  
Liv-Hege Johnsen ◽  
Maja-Lisa Løchen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Intracerebral Hemorrhage ◽  
Proportional Hazards ◽  
Temporal Trends ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Incidence Rates ◽  
Cox Proportional Hazards ◽  
Intracerebral Hemorrhages ◽  
The Impact

Background Studies on the relationship between temporal trends in risk factors and incidence rates of intracerebral hemorrhage are scarce. Aims To analyze temporal trends in risk factors and incidence rates of intracerebral hemorrhage using individual data from a population-based study. Methods We included 28,167 participants of the Tromsø Study enrolled between 1994 and 2008. First-ever intracerebral hemorrhages were registered through 31 December 2013. Hazard ratios (HRs) for intracerebral hemorrhage were analyzed by Cox proportional hazards models, risk factor levels over time by generalized estimating equations, and incidence rate ratios (IRR) by Poisson regression. Results We registered 219 intracerebral hemorrhages. Age, male sex, systolic blood pressure (BP), diastolic BP, and hypertension were associated with intracerebral hemorrhage. Hypertension was more strongly associated with non-lobar intracerebral hemorrhage (HR 5.08, 95% CI 2.86–9.01) than lobar intracerebral hemorrhage (HR 1.91, 95% CI 1.12–3.25). In women, incidence decreased significantly (IRR 0.46, 95% CI 0.23–0.90), driven by a decrease in non-lobar intracerebral hemorrhage. Incidence rates in men remained stable (IRR 1.27, 95% CI 0.69–2.31). BP levels were lower and decreased more steeply in women than in men. The majority with hypertension were untreated, and a high proportion of those treated did not reach treatment goals. Conclusions We observed a significant decrease in intracerebral hemorrhage incidence in women, but not in men. A steeper BP decrease in women may have contributed to the diverging trends. The high proportion of untreated and sub-optimally treated hypertension calls for improved strategies for prevention of intracerebral hemorrhage.

scholarly journals Epidemiological Evaluation of Colorectal Cancer Risk Factors Associated with the Sources of Water Consumption and the Some Features of Diet in Perm Krai

2015 ◽  
Vol 14 (5) ◽  
pp. 44-50 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. V. Feldblum ◽  
M. H. Alyeva ◽  
A. O. Kanina ◽  
V. N. Gryaznov ◽  
D. V. Zitta
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cancer Risk ◽  
Water Consumption ◽  
Malignant Tumors ◽  
Colorectal Cancer Risk ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Cancer Risk Factors ◽  
Incidence And Mortality ◽  
The Impact

Colorectal cancer (CRC) dominants in incidence and mortality among all malignant tumors, it is observed both globally and different regions of Russia. The results of analytical epidemiological study «case-control» on the impact of the colorectal cancer risk factors are presented. Considered risk factors were associated with the sources of water consumption and the some features of diet in Permski Krai. Questionnaire surveys of 200 patients with CRC and 200 healthy individuals were performed. Observation and control groups were spread evenly by sex, age and ethnicity. It was determined following risk factors: consumption of municipal unboiled water and well water, sour cream intake, high concentration of salt in the food, fat, fried and spicy meal as well. There were protective factors such us consumption of municipal boiled water and intake of total dairy products more than 1000 g per week.

scholarly journals Incidence and Mortality of Emergency Patients Transported by Emergency Medical Service Personnel during the Novel Corona Virus Pandemic in Osaka Prefecture, Japan: A Population-Based Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (23) ◽  
pp. 5662
Author(s):  
Yusuke Katayama ◽  
Kenta Tanaka ◽  
Tetsuhisa Kitamura ◽  
Taro Takeuchi ◽  
Shota Nakao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Emergency Medical Service ◽  
Medical Service ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Emergency Medical Service Personnel ◽  
Emergency Patients ◽  
Emergency Medical ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Incidence And Mortality ◽  
Osaka Prefecture ◽  
The Impact

Although the COVID-19 pandemic affects the emergency medical service (EMS) system, little is known about the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the prognosis of emergency patients. This study aimed to reveal the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the EMS system and patient outcomes. We included patients transported by ambulance who were registered in a population-based registry of patients transported by ambulance. The endpoints of this study were the incident number of patients transported by ambulance each month and the number of deaths among these patients admitted to hospital each month. The incidence rate ratio (IRR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) using a Poisson regression model with the year 2019 as the reference were calculated. A total of 500,194 patients were transported in 2019, whereas 443,321 patients were transported in 2020, indicating a significant decrease in the number of emergency patients transported by ambulance (IRR: 0.89, 95% CI: 0.88–0.89). The number of deaths of emergency patients admitted to hospital was 11,931 in 2019 and remained unchanged at 11,963 in 2020 (IRR: 1.00, 95% CI: 0.98–1.03). The incidence of emergency patients transported by ambulance decreased during the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020, but the mortality of emergency patients admitted to hospital did not change in this study.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document