scholarly journals Lifestyle in Undergraduate Students and Demographically Matched Controls during the COVID-19 Pandemic in Spain

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (15) ◽  
pp. 8133
Author(s):  
María Giner-Murillo ◽  
Beatriz Atienza-Carbonell ◽  
Jose Cervera-Martínez ◽  
Teresa Bobes-Bascarán ◽  
Benedicto Crespo-Facorro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
Lifestyle Changes ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Lifestyle Behaviors ◽  
Depression And Anxiety ◽  
Snowball Sampling ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Financial Difficulties ◽  
History Of ◽  
Group A

Few studies have used a multidimensional approach to describe lifestyle changes among undergraduate students during the COVID-19 pandemic or have included controls. This study aimed to evaluate lifestyle behaviors and mental health of undergraduate students and compare them with an age and sex-matched control group. A cross-sectional web survey using snowball sampling was conducted several months after the beginning of COVID-19 pandemic in Spain. A sample of 221 students was recruited. The main outcome was the total SMILE-C score. Students showed a better SMILE-C score than controls (79.8 + 8.1 vs. 77.2 + 8.3; p < 0.001), although these differences disappeared after controlling for covariates. While groups did not differ in the screenings of depression and alcohol abuse, students reported lower rates of anxiety (28.5% vs. 37.1%; p = 0.042). A lower number of cohabitants, poorer self-perceived health and positive screening for depression and anxiety, or for depression only were independently associated (p < 0.05) with unhealthier lifestyles in both groups. History of mental illness and financial difficulties were predictors of unhealthier lifestyles for students, whereas totally/moderate changes in substance abuse and stress management (p < 0.05) were predictors for the members of the control group. Several months after the pandemic, undergraduate students and other young adults had similar lifestyles.

DYSLIPIDEMIA IN THYROID DISORDERS

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (7) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kashish Narula ◽  
Narendra Kumar Dara ◽  
Shyam Lal Meena
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Metabolism ◽  
Thyroid Dysfunction ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Thyroid Disorders ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Carbohydrate And Lipid Metabolism ◽  
History Of ◽  
Thyroid Profile ◽  
Basal Energy Expenditure

Background: Thyroid hormones influence nearly all major metabolic pathways. Their most obvious and well-known action is the increase in basal energy expenditure obtained by acting on protein, carbohydrate and lipid metabolism. The lipid metabolism is more influenced by the thyroid hormone. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on 100 patients with suspicion of thyroid disorders were taken as cases. One hundred patients with normal thyroid profile and no history of other chronic diseases were taken as control group. Results: The serum TC, TG and LDL levels in hypothyroid individuals (both overt and subclinical) were significantly higher than euthyroid subjects but the levels were comparable between hyperthyroid and euthyroid group. Conclusion: Dyslipidemias are associated with thyroid disorders, so biochemical screening for thyroid dysfunction in all dyslipidemic patients. Therefore, patients presenting with dyslipidemia are recommended for investigation to explore thyroid dysfunction. Keywords: Thyroid profile, Total cholesterol, Triglycerides and LDL

scholarly journals Indirect Health Effects of COVID-19: Unhealthy Lifestyle Behaviors during the Lockdown in the United Arab Emirates

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 1964
Author(s):  
Hadia Radwan ◽  
Mahra Al Kitbi ◽  
Hayder Hasan ◽  
Marwa Al Hilali ◽  
Nada Abbas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
United Arab Emirates ◽  
Lifestyle Change ◽  
Change Score ◽  
Lifestyle Changes ◽  
Lifestyle Behaviors ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Unhealthy Lifestyle ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Study Results

Background: Lockdown measures were implemented in many countries to limit the spread of the COVID-19 pandemic. However, such restrictions could precipitate unintended negative consequences on lifestyle behaviors. The main objective of this study was to investigate the prevalence and determinants of unhealthy behavior changes during the COVID-19 lockdown among residents of the United Arab Emirates (UAE). Methods: A cross-sectional web-based survey of adults residing in the UAE was carried out during lockdown (n = 2060). Using a multi-component questionnaire, the collected data included questions regarding the following lifestyle changes: Increased dietary intake, increased weight, decreased physical activity, decreased sleep, and increased smoking. An unhealthy lifestyle change score was calculated based on the number of unhealthy lifestyle changes each participant reported. In addition, sociodemographic and living conditions information was collected. Descriptive statistics as well as simple and multiple linear regression analyses were used to examine the prevalence and determinants of the unhealthy lifestyle changes considered in this study. Results: Among the unhealthy lifestyle changes examined, increased food intake was the most common (31.8%), followed by decreased physical activity (30%), increased weight (29.4%), decreased sleep (20.8%), and increased smoking (21%). In addition to identifying the correlates of each of the aforementioned lifestyle changes, the results of the multiple regression linear analyses revealed the following correlates for the overall unhealthy lifestyle change score: females (β = 0.32, CI: 0.22; 0.42), living in an apartment (β = 0.12, CI: 0.003; 0.23) and being overweight/obese (β = 0.24, CI: 0.15; 0.32) had higher scores, while older adults (>40 years) had lower scores (β = −0.23, CI: −0.34; −0.12). Conclusions: The COVID-19 lockdown has resulted in a high prevalence of unhealthy lifestyle behaviors and practices among UAE residents. The findings of this study provided the evidence base for officials to design interventions targeting high-risk groups and aiming to improve healthy lifestyle factors among residents during the pandemic.

scholarly journals Association between self-care agency and depression and anxiety in patients with diabetic retinopathy

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Bo Zhang ◽  
Qin Wang ◽  
Xuancan Zhang ◽  
Li Jiang ◽  
Lezhi Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetic Retinopathy ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Self Care ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Anxiety Symptoms ◽  
Depression And Anxiety ◽  
Clinical Factors ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
History Of ◽  
Care Agency

Abstract Background This study aimed at investigating: 1) the relationship between self-care agency and depression and anxiety; 2) the sociodemographic and clinical factors associated with depression and anxiety in patients with diabetic retinopathy (DR) in China. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted. One-hundred and five patients with DR were recruited. Self-care agency was assessed by the exercise of self-care agency (ESCA) scale. Depression and anxiety were assessed by the hospital anxiety and depression scale (HADS-D and HADS-A). Pearson or Spearman correlations were performed to assess the association between self-care agency and depression and anxiety. Stepwise multivariate linear regression analyses were conducted to assess the contribution of the sociodemographic and clinical factors to depression and anxiety. Results Thirty-six (34.3%) and 43 (41.1%) patients exhibited depressive and anxiety symptoms, respectively. Only 24 (22.9%) patients showed a high self-care agency. The ESCA total and subscale scores were negatively correlated depressive symptoms (P < 0.05). Self-care skills were negatively correlated with anxiety symptoms (P < 0.05). ESCA total score, rural residence, history of hypertension and visual acuity were associated with depression; self-care skills and diastolic blood pressure were associated with anxiety. Conclusions Self-care agency negatively correlates with depression and anxiety in patients with DR. Special attention should be paid to patients living in rural areas and/or those having a history of hypertension when assessing depression and anxiety in patients with DR. Future studies are needed to clarify the causal relationship between self-care agency and depression and anxiety.

Episodic versus Chronic Dizziness: An Analysis of Predictive Factors

2021 ◽  
pp. 000348942110254
Author(s):  
Eric J. Formeister ◽  
Ricky Chae ◽  
Emily Wong ◽  
Whitney Chiao ◽  
Lauren Pasquesi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multivariate Regression ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Depression And Anxiety ◽  
Imaging Studies ◽  
Comorbid Depression ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Tertiary Center ◽  
Chronic Dizziness ◽  
Associated Symptoms ◽  
History Of

Objectives: To elucidate differences in demographic and clinical characteristics between patients with episodic and chronic dizziness. Methods: A cross-sectional, observational study of 217 adults referred for dizziness at 1 tertiary center was undertaken. Subjects were split into a chronic dizziness group (>15 dizzy days per month) and an episodic dizziness group (<15 dizzy days per month). Results: 217 adults (average age, 53.7 years; 56.7% female) participated. One-third (n = 74) met criteria for chronic dizziness. Dizziness handicap inventory (DHI) scores were significantly higher in those with chronic dizziness compared to those with episodic dizziness (53.9 vs 40.7; P < .001). Comorbid depression and anxiety were more prevalent in those with chronic dizziness (44.6% and 47.3% vs 37.8% and 35.7%, respectively; P > .05). Abnormal vestibular testing and abnormal imaging studies did not differ significantly between the 2 groups. Ménière’s disease and BPPV were significantly more common among those with episodic dizziness, while the prevalence of vestibular migraine did not differ according to chronicity of symptoms. A multivariate regression that included age, sex, DHI, history of anxiety and/or depression, associated symptoms, and dizziness triggers was able to account for 15% of the variance in the chronicity of dizziness (pseudo- R2 = 0.15; P < .001). Conclusions: Those who suffer from chronic dizziness have significantly higher DHI and high comorbid rates of depression and anxiety than those with episodic dizziness. Our findings show that factors other than diagnosis alone are important in the chronification of dizziness, an observation that could help improve on multimodal treatment options for this group of patients.

JUUL E-Cigarette Quit Attempts and Cessation Perceptions in College Student JUUL E-Cigarette Users

2020 ◽  
pp. 089011712098240
Author(s):  
Kim Pulvers ◽  
John B. Correa ◽  
Paul Krebs ◽  
Omar El Shahawy ◽  
Crystal Marez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
College Student ◽  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Quit Attempt ◽  
Lower Confidence ◽  
Perceived Difficulty ◽  
Quit Attempts ◽  
History Of

Purpose: This study describes the frequency of JUUL e-cigarette (referred to as JUUL) quit attempts and identifies characteristics associated with confidence in quitting and perceived difficulty quitting JUUL. Design: Cross-sectional study from a self-administered online survey. Setting: Two public southern California universities. Participants: A total of 1,001 undergraduate students completed the survey from February to May 2019. Measures: Self-report measures about JUUL included use, history of quit attempts, time to first use, perceived difficulty with cessation/reduction, and confidence in quitting. Analysis: Binary logistic regressions were used to identify demographic and tobacco-related behavioral correlates of JUUL cessation-related perceptions and behaviors. Results: Nearly half of ever-JUUL users (47.8%) reported a JUUL quit attempt. Adjusting for demographic factors and other tobacco product use, shorter time to first JUUL use after waking was associated with lower confidence in quitting JUUL (aOR = 0.02, 0.00-0.13) and greater perceived difficulty in quitting JUUL (aOR = 8.08, 2.15-30.35). Previous JUUL quit attempt history was also associated with greater odds of perceived difficulty quitting JUUL (aOR = 5.97, 1.74-20.53). Conclusions: History of JUUL quit attempts among college students was common. Those who had previously tried quitting were more likely to perceive difficulty with cessation. Time to first JUUL use, a marker of dependence, was linked with greater perceived cessation difficulty and lower confidence in quitting. These findings suggest that there is a need for cessation and relapse prevention support for college student JUUL users.

PSYCHOEMOTIONAL STATE OF KAZNMU STUDENTS DURING COVID-19 PANDEMIC

Vestnik ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 309-314
Author(s):  
Д.А. Попова ◽  
Э.Р. Давлетгильдеев ◽  
Е.Е. Ерланова ◽  
А. К. Абикулова
Keyword(s):  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
General Medicine ◽  
Psychological Help ◽  
Depression And Anxiety ◽  
Professional Psychological Help ◽  
Demographic Indicators ◽  
Financial Difficulties ◽  
Psychoemotional State ◽  
Severity Of Depression ◽  
Socially Isolated

В данной статье оценивается психоэмоциональное состояние студентов бакалавриата КазНМУ в условиях пандемии COVID-19, основанное на анкетировании. В исследовании приняли участие 490 человек: 370 человек (75,5%) со школы общей медицины, со школы общественного здравоохранения - 77 (15,7%), со школы педиатрии - 43 человека (8,8%). Была выявлена зависимость уровней депрессии и тревоги от таких показателей, как беспокойство за свое здоровье и здоровье своих близких, беспокойство за свою успеваемость и чувство возросшей учебной нагрузки, трудности с концентрацией при учебе, ощущение социальной изоляции и наличие финансовых трудностей. В то же время демографические показатели не влияли на выраженность депрессии и тревоги у студентов. При анализе методов борьбы с психоэмоциональным стрессом никто из ответивших не сказал об обращении за профессиональной психологической помощью в условиях пандемии, в связи с чем основной рекомендацией данной работы было посещение психолога. This article assesses the psycho-emotional state of undergraduate students of KazNMU in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic, based on a questionnaire. The study involved 490 people: 370 people (75.5%) from the school of general medicine, from the school of public health - 77 (15.7%), from the school of pediatrics - 43 (8.8%). Depression and anxiety levels were found to be dependent on such indicators as concern for their health and the health of their loved ones, anxiety for their academic performance and a feeling of increased workload, difficulty concentrating while studying, feeling socially isolated and having financial difficulties. At the same time, demographic indicators did not affect the severity of depression and anxiety in students. When analyzing methods of dealing with psycho-emotional stress, none of the respondents said about seeking professional psychological help in a pandemic, and therefore the main recommendation of this work was to visit a psychologist.

scholarly journals Effect of Intravenous Phloroglucinol Injections upon duration of Active First Stage of Labor

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 69-71
Author(s):  
Bilqees Akhtar Malik ◽  
Ambreen Shabbir ◽  
Zeb-Un-Nisa ◽  
Asma Ambreen
Keyword(s):  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Military Hospital ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Singleton Pregnancy ◽  
Uterine Contractions ◽  
Multiparous Women ◽  
History Of ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B ◽  
First Stage Of Labor

Objective: In our part of the world poverty and illiteracy has adversely affected our core objective of pregnancy i.e. healthy mother and healthy child. Exploring the role of a routinely used drug in reducing the duration of labor could be a breakthrough. Present study was planned accordingly to evaluate the effect of phloroglucinol (PHL). Materials and Methods: It was a Randomized controlled trial conducted at Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Combined Military Hospital, Bahawalpur from January 2019 to June 2019. This study included 60 cases of age 18 to 40 years, having singleton pregnancy and in active first stage of uncomplicated labor. Patients with history of multiple pregnancies, obstetrical and surgical complications and cardiorespiratory diseases were excluded. The cases were placed randomly into Group A & Group B and given intravenous PHL and a placebo respectively. After this, duration of the first stage of labor was recorded in minutes from when there was 3-4 cm cervical dilatation with regular uterine contractions to complete cervical dilation i.e. 10 cm and descent of the presenting fetal part. Results: Mean duration of active first stage of labor in experimental group A (230.20 ± 52.96 minutes) was significantly higher than that of control group B (345.30 ± 50.57 minutes). Conclusion: This study concluded that intravenous PHL has efficiently reduced the duration of active first stage of labor in these randomly selected nulliparous and multiparous women. PHL is a useful drug serving the purpose of a spasmolytic, analgesic and labor augmentation at the same time.

scholarly journals Recurrent Miscarriage and Consanguinity among Omani Women– A Cross Sectional Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Fatma Al Hoqani ◽  
Wadha Al Ghafri ◽  
Saneya El tayeb ◽  
Yahya Al Farsi ◽  
Vaidyanathan Gowri
Keyword(s):  
Recurrent Miscarriage ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Control Group ◽  
P Value ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Recurrent Miscarriages ◽  
Sultan Qaboos University ◽  
Chi Squared ◽  
History Of

Objective: to determine the prevalence of explained and unexplained recurrent miscarriages (RM) and to find out if there is a significant relationship between recurrent miscarriages and consanguinity. Methods: A cross sectional in which the cases group included all women with RM attending the outpatient clinic at Sultan Qaboos University Hospital from July 2006 to April 2012 and the controls group included women with no history of RM after matching them with cases for age (case to control ratio was 1:1). The main outcome measures were the prevalence of consanguinity in women with or without recurrent miscarriages. Results: During study period a total of 290 women with RM were seen. Of which, 150 (51.7%) women had unexplained RM. Control group with no history of RM were 300 women. Consanguinity rate among cases (49.5%) %) was less than the controls (52.7 %%). Both first cousin and second cousin marriages were more common in the controls than the cases and it was not statistically significant (p value 0.476, chi squared test). Conclusion: In this study we found that more than half of RM cases were unexplained and there was no significant association between RM and consanguinity.

scholarly journals Depression, anxiety levels and sleep quality indexes among the spouses of people with epilepsy

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Halil ONDER ◽  
Ersin Kasim ULUSOY ◽  
Caner BAYDAR ◽  
Mustafa KIRAZ ◽  
Muhammet Okay ORUN ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sleep Quality ◽  
Sleep Disturbances ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
History Of ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Psychiatric Problems

ABSTRACT Background: Psychiatric problems and sleep disturbances are comorbidities that are frequently encountered among people with epilepsy. However, their presence among the spouses of peoples with epilepsy remains to be elucidated. Objective: The objective of this study was to evaluate the spouses of people with epilepsy (PWE), with and without a history of seizures during sleep, in terms of depression, anxiety and sleep quality. Methods: This prospective, cross-sectional study was conducted in three groups of 18 to 65-year-olds. Group 1 consisted of healthy spouses of 127 healthy volunteers without any known neurological disease; group 2 comprised spouses of 63 PWE who had no history of seizure during sleep; and group 3 consisted of spouses of 63 PWE who had a history of at least one seizure during sleep in the course of the previous year. Questionnaires seeking demographic data and the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), Beck Depression Inventory and Beck Anxiety Inventory were applied to all participants. Results: The depression scores of the group of spouses of PWE were higher than those of the control group and were higher in group 3 than in group 2 (p = 0.017). The anxiety scores of the group of spouses of PWE were significantly higher than those of the control group, but no difference in anxiety scores was found between group 2 and group 3 (p = 0.170). The mean PSQI score of group 3 was higher than that of group 2 (p = 0.029). However, regression analyses did not show any difference between these groups. Conclusion: We found that the PSQI scores, which reflected sleep quality, were higher among the spouses of PWE who had seizures during sleep and who had more severe epilepsy.

scholarly journals Food Consumption Patterns of Male and Female Undergraduate Students in Indonesia During New Normal Implementation of Pandemic Covid-19 Era

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (E) ◽  
pp. 278-282
Author(s):  
Kiki Kristiandi ◽  
Andi Eka Yunianto ◽  
Made Darawati ◽  
Tetty Herta Doloksaribu ◽  
Ike Anggraeni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Food Consumption ◽  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Lifestyle Changes ◽  
Consumption Patterns ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
New Normal ◽  
Balanced Diet ◽  
Normal Period

AIM: This study aimed to analyze the description of Indonesian undergraduate students’ food consumption patterns during the COVID-19 period. METHODS: The design used was cross-sectional with random sampling technique. The correlation test was Chi-Square and analyzed using univariate. The respondents involved were 17–24 years old with 5924 persons; active undergraduate students. Questionnaires were distributed using Google form. RESULTS: The results indicated a relationship between gender and major, education level, social status, and funds source (p = 0.000). However, sex and residence did not correlate (p = 0.16). The same was revealed between gender with consumption patterns, carbohydrates, animal protein, vegetable protein, vegetables, fruit, snacks, water, and supplements. CONCLUSION: Overall, during the new normal period of pandemic COVID-19 era, student food consumption patterns could be categorized as healthier lifestyle changes. Thus, the undergraduate students are suggested to maintain a diverse and balanced diet to boost their immunity optimally.

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