Delayed Discharge for Non-Clinical Reasons in Hip Procedures: Differential Characteristics and Opportunity Cost

Delayed discharge for non-clinical reasons shares common characteristics with hip procedures. We sought to quantify the length of stay and related costs of hip procedures and compare these with other cases of delayed discharge. A cross-sectional study was conducted at a public hospital in Spain (2007–2015) including 306 patients with 6945 days of total stay and 2178 days of prolonged stay. The mean appropriate stay was 15.58 days, and the mean prolonged stay was 7.12 days. The cost of a prolonged stay was €641,002.09. The opportunity cost according to the value of the hospital complexity unit was €922,997.82. The mean diagnostic-related groups’ weight was 3.40. Up to 85.29% of patients resided in an urban area near the hospital (p = 0.001), and 83.33% were referred to a long-stay facility for functional recovery (p = 0.001). The proportion of patients with hip procedures and delayed discharge was lower than previous reports; however, their length of stay was longer. The cost of prolonged stay could account for 21.17% of the total. Compared with the remaining cases of delayed discharge, the appropriate stay was shorter in hip procedures, with a profile of older women living in an urban area close to the hospital and referred to a long-stay center for functional recovery.

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Cross-sectional study of prevalence and risk factors, and a cost-effectiveness evaluation of screening and preventive treatment strategies for latent tuberculosis among migrants in Singapore

BMJ Open ◽

10.1136/bmjopen-2021-050629 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (7) ◽

pp. e050629

Author(s):

Vanessa W Lim ◽

Hwee Lin Wee ◽

Phoebe Lee ◽

Yijun Lin ◽

Yi Roe Tan ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Cost Effectiveness ◽

Length Of Stay ◽

Latent Tuberculosis ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Secondary Outcome ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Ltbi Prevalence ◽

The Cost

ObjectivesWHO recommends that low burden countries consider systematic screening and treatment of latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) in migrants from high incidence countries. We aimed to determine LTBI prevalence and risk factors and evaluate cost-effectiveness of screening and treating LTBI in migrants to Singapore from a government payer perspective.DesignCross-sectional study and cost-effectiveness analysis.SettingMigrants in Singapore.Participants3618 migrants who were between 20 and 50 years old, have not worked in Singapore previously and stayed in Singapore for less than a year were recruited.Primary and secondary outcome measuresCosts, quality-adjusted life-years (QALYs), threshold length of stay, incremental cost-effectiveness ratios (ICERs), cost per active TB case averted.ResultsOf 3584 migrants surveyed, 20.4% had positive interferon-gamma release assay (IGRA) results, with the highest positivity in Filipinos (33.2%). Higher LTBI prevalence was significantly associated with age, marital status and past TB exposure. The cost-effectiveness model projected an ICER of S$57 116 per QALY and S$12 422 per active TB case averted for screening and treating LTBI with 3 months once weekly isoniazid and rifapentine combination regimen treatment compared with no screening over a 50-year time horizon. ICER was most sensitive to the cohort’s length of stay in Singapore, yearly disease progression rates from LTBI to active TB, followed by the cost of IGRA testing.ConclusionsFor LTBI screening and treatment of migrants to be cost-effective, migrants from high burden countries would have to stay in Singapore for ~50 years. Risk-stratified approaches based on projected length of stay and country of origin and/or age group can be considered.

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Analisis zat gizi dan biaya sisa makanan pada pasien dengan makanan biasa

Jurnal Gizi Klinik Indonesia ◽

10.22146/ijcn.17379 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 1 (3) ◽

pp. 108

Author(s):

Mihir Djamaluddin ◽

Endy Paryanto Prawirohartono ◽

Ira Paramastri

Keyword(s):

Length Of Stay ◽

Food Waste ◽

Economic Value ◽

Food Service ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Chi Square ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Regular Diet ◽

The Difference ◽

The Cost

Background: The quality of food service in a hospital can be assessed from the inpatients’ nutritional status. Food waste is an indicator of food service among inpatients. Besides its therapeutic value, food has a significant economic value. The wasting cost in term of food waste affects the total availability of food costs.Objective: This study analyzes the nutrient quantity and the cost of food waste among inpatients with regular diet at Dr. Sardjito Hospital, Yogyakarta.Method: This was a cross sectional study. The subjects were inpatients aged 17 to 60 years old who got regular diet with length of stay was at least three days, and were willing to take part in this study (n=100). The amount of food waste was measured using the Comstock visual estimation. The cost of food waste was calculated as the proportion of food waste from cost per serving. The quantity of nutrients in food waste was calculated using the Food Processor 2 software. The data were analyzed using Chi-square test.Results: There was a difference of food waste according to gender. Rice waste was found more frequent among female (p<0,005). There was a difference of food waste according to ward class. There were more waste of meat and vegetables among inpatients in class II and the difference was significant (p<0,05). There were more waste of meat and vegetables among patients with length stay of 7 – 14 days and > 15 days (p<0,05). The vegetables and rice waste were more frequent among surgery and cancer inpatients (p<0,05). In average the nutritional value of food waste was 19,85% - 9,33% of a patient’s RDA, while the wasting cost per day was Rp 1265,08 or 10,79% of all food cost per day. The annual wasting cost of food waste was Rp 45.543.120 or 4,4% of the available budget of Rp 1.038.605.333,00.Conclusion: There were differences of food waste according to gender, ward class, length of stay, and kind of disease, especially rice, meat, and vegetables.

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Menstruation: gap in knowledge, belief and practice among adolescent girls in an urban area of Belagavi

International Journal of Community Medicine and Public Health ◽

10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20174225 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 4 (10) ◽

pp. 3640

Author(s):

Suhasini Kanyadi ◽

Chandra S. Metgud

Keyword(s):

Urban Area ◽

Adolescent Girls ◽

External Genitalia ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Community Based ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Transition Into Adulthood ◽

The Mean ◽

Sanitary Pads ◽

One Year

Background: The period of adolescence, beginning with the onset of puberty, is a crucial transition into adulthood. There is a substantial lacuna in the knowledge, belief and practice about menstruation. This study addresses the gap in knowledge, belief and practice regarding menstruation among adolescent girls. Methods: A community based cross sectional study was conducted over a period of one year, in an urban area of Belagavi among 625 adolescent girls in the age group of 16–19 years. Data was collected by house to house visit using a predesigned, pretested questionnaire. Results: The mean age (±SD) at menarche was found to be 12.8±1.73 years. Our study showed that as the knowledge increased, there was increase in the use of sanitary pad (p<0.001) and increase in the number of girls practicing cleaning of external genitalia during menstruation (p<0.01). However, it was found that 276 (50.5%) and 175 (37.7%) of the girls did not use sanitary pads and practice cleaning of external genitalia during menstruation even after having correct knowledge showing a gap in knowledge and practice. Similarly, among the 494 girls who knew that menstruation is a natural process, 93 (18.8%) girls wrongly believed she shouldn’t sleep in the same place as usual, 124 (25.1%) said she shouldn’t enter the kitchen, 186 (37.7%) believed that certain foods should be avoided and only 37 (7.5%) rightly believed that girls could go to place of worship during menstruation showing a gap in knowledge and belief. Conclusions: The study reported a gap in knowledge, belief and practice among adolescent girls. To bridge this gap causes have to be identified and addressed.

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Contraceptive User’s Profile

Indonesian Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology ◽

10.32771/inajog.v1i4.362 ◽

2016 ◽

Author(s):

Eka R Gunardi

Keyword(s):

Obstet Gynecol ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Contraceptive Methods ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Study Population ◽

The Mean ◽

The Difference ◽

Almost All ◽

The Cost

Objective: To obtain informations regarding the profile of contraceptive users in Raden Saleh Clinic, Jakarta. Method: A cross-sectional study was conducted in June 2012, at Raden Saleh Clinic, Jakarta. The study population was the patient who came to Raden Saleh Clinic from 2008 until 2011. Results: The mean age of the contraception users was 34.06 and the mean of their husband’s age was 38.91 years old. Most of the patients were graduated from senior high school (43.2%) and university (37.9%). More than half of the patients (55.2%) were not working and more than a half of their husband (53.2%) were private employee. Almost all (92.6%) of the patient were married. Most of the patient (38.8%) came with no prior contraception. After consultation, all patients had chosen their preferred contraceptive methods, namely IUD (61.4%), injectable contraception (20.9%), pill (13.7%), sterilization (3.4%), and implant (0.6%). Conclusion: Family planning reduces maternal mortality and the best method is different for each patient because of the difference in their own condition and the consideration of the cost and benefit. [Indones J Obstet Gynecol 2013; 1-4:179-82] Keywords: contraception, contraceptive users profile

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Blood Pressure Profile and Hypertension in Urban Adolescents: Need for Cognisance

Journal of Nepal Paediatric Society ◽

10.3126/jnps.v34i2.10743 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 34 (2) ◽

pp. 85-89 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Dharmajeet Singh Faujdar ◽

Renuka Kunte ◽

Rajvir Bhalwar

Keyword(s):

Blood Pressure ◽

Urban Area ◽

School Health ◽

Pressure Profile ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Normal Weight ◽

Overweight Children ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Adolescent Students ◽

The Mean

Objective: To find the profile of blood pressure and the prevalence of hypertension in adolescents in an urban area. Methods: A cross sectional study was carried out in Adolescent students in the age group of 11-17 years, in a school in an urban area of Pune, belonging to upper socioeconomic group to measure their blood pressure and anthropometric parameters.Results: The mean SBP and DBP in both boys and girls were found to increase with increasing age and anthropometric measurements. The prevalence of hypertension was 12.23% in boys and 10.1% in girls and the prevalence of overweight as per BMI was 19.14% in boys and 18.62% in girls. The prevalence of hypertension observed in overweight children (36.1% in boys 30.8% in girls) was significantly (p<0.000) higher than normal weight children (6.5% in boys and 5.36% in girls). Among the anthropometric variables only weight & BMI had moderately strong correlation with SBP(r-0.559 &0.506).Conclusion: Hypertension is prevalent among adolescent population and overweight/obesity has been found to play a crucial role in predicting rise in BP in them. It is recommended bp monitoring be made mandatory part of school health services programme for early detection & instituting preventive measures.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jnps.v34i2.10743J Nepal Paediatr Soc 2014;34(2):85-89

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Frequency of hospitalization of infants with bronchiolitis during 2017 in Puerto Madryn, Argentina

10.1101/2021.01.28.21250671 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Damián L. Taire ◽

Bruno A. Pazos

Keyword(s):

Length Of Stay ◽

Hospital Readmissions ◽

Basic Needs ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Hospitalized Patients ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Number Of Patients ◽

Place Of Origin ◽

The Mean ◽

Hospital Administrative

ABSTRACTIntroductionBronchiolitis is considered the most frequent disease in infants and still represents an important cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Despite its viral etiology, socioeconomic variables could influence the disease outcome. We aimed to determine the frequency of hospital discharge for bronchiolitis in a local Hospital in the city of Puerto Madryn, in the province of Chubut, Patagonia Argentina.Population and methodsWe performed a cross-sectional study that analyzed all hospitalized patients discharged for bronchiolitis in Hospital “Dr. Andrés R. Isola” during the year 2017 and based on data provided by the hospital administrative staff. The study variables were the length of stay, readmission rate and place of origin of hospitalized patients.ResultsA total of 120 patients were included. The median age was 4.45 months (3.9-5). The mean length-of-stay (LOS) was 7.30 days (5.52-9.08). Of the total number of patients, 24 (20%) had a LOS ≤3 days and 96 (80%) a >3 days. One hundred patients (88.33%) had no hospital readmissions and 10 patients (8.33%) had hospital readmissions. The median age of patients with readmissions was 4.2 months (2.69-5.71). The mean LOS during readmission was 17.3 days (5.25-29.35). Of the 120 hospitalized children, 100 infants (83.33%) live in areas identified as having “unsatisfied basic needs” in Puerto Madryn.ConclusionsThe overcrowding as a result of the demographic transformation on the frequency of hospitalization of infants with bronchiolitis was homogeneous within the Puerto Madryn population with “unsatisfied basic needs”.

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Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice During the COVID-19 Pandemic in South-east Gabon.

10.21203/rs.3.rs-299801/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Roméo Karl IMBOUMY-LIMOUKOU ◽

Barthélemy NGOUBANGOYE ◽

Serge Ely DIBAKOU ◽

Lydie Sandrine OYEGUE-LIBAGUI ◽

Franck MOUNIOKO ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Urban Area ◽

Rural Areas ◽

Knowledge Score ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

World Health ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Infected People ◽

Awareness Campaigns ◽

The Mean ◽

Health Organization

Abstract BackgroundCOVID-19 is an emerging respiratory disease caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus SARS-CoV-2. It has spread from China to more than 200 countries and has been declared a global pandemic by the World Health Organization (WHO). This survey aimed to describe the knowledge, attitudes, perception and practices (KAP) of the Gabonese public towards the COVID-19 disease.MethodsThis cross-sectional study was performed on 1016 participants aged 10 years and over in rural and urban area in south-east Gabon, using a questionnaire. All participants filled the questionnaire voluntarily, reporting demographic characteristics and answering questions assessing their level of knowledge, attitudes, perceptions and practice toward the COVID-19. ResultsAmong the 1016 participants, there were 535 men (52.7%) and 476 women (46.9%). The mean age of the participants was 33.2±16.7 years old. Almost all participants (98.1%) said that they had heard about COVID-19 but only 2.8% knew the pathogenic agent responsible for COVID-19. Only 20.9% of respondents thought that vaccination can protect them but 51.9% were looking forward to getting the vaccine when available. More than 80% knew that the disease could be transmitted by greeting infected people (87.3%), kissing an infected person (90.0%), touching an infected doorknobs (83.5%), and attending meetings (83.9%). The mean knowledge score was higher among younger than older participants, higher among participants living in urban area than those living in rural areas, and higher among participants with higher levels of education than those with lower levels of education.ConclusionIn general, respondents had good knowledge of COVID-19, and a positive attitude towards using protective measures. These results are encouraging in the fight against the spread of COVID-19 in Gabon. However, efforts are needed to improve the knowledge level in older participants, those living in rural areas and those with low levels of education. Awareness campaigns in local languages could, for example, be conducted to improve knowledge of the disease in rural areas.

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Emergency Stay Duration of Patients in Emergency Department of A Tertiary Care Hospital in Nepal: A Descriptive Cross-sectional Study

Journal of Nepal Medical Association ◽

10.31729/jnma.4806 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 58 (222) ◽

Author(s):

Prashant Simkhada ◽

Shradha Acharya ◽

Roshan Lama ◽

Sujata Dahal ◽

Nita Lohola ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Emergency Department ◽

Length Of Stay ◽

Tertiary Care Hospital ◽

Tertiary Care ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Care Hospital ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Duration Of Stay ◽

The Mean

Introduction: Emergency department of a hospital is responsible for providing medical and surgical care to patients arriving at the hospital in need of immediate care. Emergency department is not staffed or equipped to provide prolonged care. Duration of stay in the Emergency department directly affects the quality of patient care. Longer length of stay is associated with Emergency department overcrowding, decline in patient care, increased mortality and decreased patients satisfaction. The main aim of this study is to find the mean stay duration of patients in the emergency department of a tertiary care hospital in Nepal.Methods: This is a descriptive cross-sectional study which was conducted in a tertiary care teaching hospital from Jan 15,2019 to Jan 30, 2019. Ethical clearance was obtained from Kathmandu Medical College- Instutional Review Committee. The calculated sample size was 587. Consecutive sampling technique was used. The data thus obtained was entered in SPSS version 20 and necessary calculations were done. Results: The mean emergency stay duration was obtained to be 3.18 hours at 95% confidence interval (C.I and standard deviation was 2.51 hours. Female had longer mean duration of stay (3.25 hours) compared to male (3.11 hours). The maximum length of stay was 15.3 hours. Most of the patients attending the emergency department were discharged right through the emergency department 398 ( 67.8%). Mean duration of stay was longest (5.06 hours) for the referral group. Conclusions: The mean stay duration in Emergency Department of tertiary care hospital in Nepal is getting shorter compared to similar study done previously.

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Male knowledge of birth preparedness in Ogun State, Nigeria: A rural/urban comparative cross-sectional study

Babcock University Medical Journal (BUMJ) ◽

10.38029/bumj.v3i1.24 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 3 (1) ◽

pp. 1-10

Author(s):

Kolawole Sodeinde ◽

Fikayo Bamidele ◽

Ngozi Adefala ◽

Adedotun Sodeinde

Keyword(s):

Urban Area ◽

Rural Area ◽

Urban Areas ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Birth Preparedness ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Ogun State ◽

Rural And Urban ◽

The Mean

Objective: This study aimed to compare the knowledge of men concerning birth preparedness between rural and urban dwellers of Ogun State, Nigeria. Methodology: This comparative cross-sectional study was conducted among 440 men each in rural and urban areas of Ogun State using a multistage sampling method to select participants. A structured interviewer-administered questionnaire was used to elicit data about respondents’ socio-demographic characteristics and knowledge of birth preparedness. Knowledge was graded as good and poor knowledge. Data analysis was done with SPSS version 20 and presented as tables. Results: The mean ages of the urban and rural respondents were 36.58±6.760 and 37.61±9.788 respectively. The difference in the mean age of urban and rural residents was not statistically significant (t= -1.819, P=0.069). A higher proportion of urban respondents (53.4%) had a statistically significant good knowledge of birth preparedness compared to 30.2% of rural men (P<0.001). The association between age and knowledge of birth preparedness was statistically significant among rural respondents (P<0.001) unlike urban respondents (P=0.874). A statistically significant association was noted between education and knowledge (P<0.001) in the urban area as against the rural area (P=0.084). Conclusion: Knowledge of birth preparedness is better among male urban dwellers than their rural counterparts. Knowledge is statistically significantly associated with age in the rural area and with the level of education in the urban area. There is a need for an improved appropriate strategy that can raise knowledge of maternity care among rural men.

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Neonatal Macroglossia

The Cleft Palate-Craniofacial Journal ◽

10.1177/1055665618760898 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 55 (8) ◽

pp. 1122-1129 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Jonathan C. Simmonds ◽

Anju K. Patel ◽

Nicholas R. Mildenhall ◽

Nicholas S. Mader ◽

Andrew R. Scott

Keyword(s):

Length Of Stay ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Demographic Variables ◽

Cost Of Care ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Birth Prevalence ◽

Prolonged Length ◽

Linear Regression Modeling ◽

The Cost ◽

Inpatient Database

Objectives: To examine the birth prevalence of congenital macroglossia and identify demographic variables and comorbidities that may influence length of stay and cost of care. Study Design: Retrospective cross-sectional study using the Kids’ Inpatient Database 2003, 2006, 2009, and 2012. Methods: Demographics were analyzed. Linear regression modeling and multivariate analyses were performed. Results: The birth prevalence of congenital macroglossia was 4.63/100 000 births. Patients were classified as isolated (n = 349, 48.1%) or syndromic (n = 377, 51.9%). A higher incidence of isolated macroglossia was seen in females (odds ratio, OR [95% confidence interval, 95% CI]: 1.93 [1.45-2.56] and African Americans (2.02 [1.41-2.88]). Length of stay was higher for syndromic patients than for nonsyndromic patients (22.6 days [18.6-26.6] vs 7.93 days [5.95-9.90], as were inpatient costs ($3619USD [$27 628-$44 754] vs $10 168USD [$6272-$14 064]. After accounting for gender, race, location, and socioeconomic status, the presence of macroglossia alone increased length of stay by 4.07 days (0.42-7.72 days) in nonsyndromic patients and 12.02 days (3.63-20.4 days) in syndromic patients. The cost of care increased by $6207USD ($576-$11 838) among nonsyndromic newborns and $17 205USD ($374-34 035) among syndromic patients. Conclusion: The birth prevalence of congenital isolated macroglossia appears to vary by sex and race. Prolonged length of stay and increased costs are associated with both isolated macroglossia and syndromic macroglossia, even after controlling for other syndromic comorbidities.

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