scholarly journals The Impact of Dental Midline on Asymmetric Faces: Perspective of Laypersons and Dentists

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (24) ◽  
pp. 12904
Author(s):  
Joana Meneses Martins ◽  
Liliana Gavinha Costa ◽  
Ana Lidia Carvalho ◽  
Maria Conceição Manso ◽  
Sandra Gavinha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Facial Features ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Online Questionnaire ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Fernando Pessoa ◽  
The People ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Impact

Background: The objective was to determine if asymmetric facial features, nasal and chin deviations, affect the perception of attractiveness of a dental midline angulation, and if it is consistent among both dentists and laypeople. It was also analyzed if factors, such as the sex, age group of the participants and the dentist’s area of operation are relevant in their assessment. Methods: A cross-sectional study, approved by the Ethics Committee of Fernando Pessoa University. From a symmetrical facial model (SFM) image, a natural-looking asymmetrical face was created. Based on this asymmetric facial model six images were created, with different directions and degrees of inclination of the dental midline. In total, 236 laypersons and 242 dentists completed the online questionnaire where they rated the self-perception of attractiveness of the eight images (VAS scale from 0 to 10). Non-parametric comparisons (IBM© SPSS Statistics vs. 27.0, p < 0.05). Results: The results showed a significant difference in the perception of attractiveness between laypeople and dentists. This finding was consistent regarding every image, except for the SFM. The factors, sex of the people participating and dentist’s area of operation, seemed only to contribute to a significant difference in the perception when it came to the SFM. The perceived attractiveness of the images, for dentists and laypersons, did not differ by age group of the participant, apart from images 6 and 8. Conclusions: Dentists are more rigorous about dental midline inclinations than laypersons. The perception of attractiveness was affected by the age group and sex of the participants and the dentist’s area of operation.

P20 Parental understanding of concussion in youth rugby is significantly improved by viewing the RFU concussion education video

2019 ◽  
Vol 90 (3) ◽  
pp. e31.1-e31
Author(s):  
T Samuel ◽  
K Aquilina ◽  
W Dawes
Keyword(s):  
Parental Education ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Educational Video ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Online Questionnaire ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Parental Experience ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Composite Scores

ObjectivesTo investigate the current understanding parents have of concussion in their rugby-playing children aged 9–17.DesignCross-sectional studySubjects86 parents from four clubs completed an online questionnaireMethodsAreas covered (1) Parental experience of concussion (2) Rate of viewing of the RFU concussion educational video (RFUCEV), (3) Identification of symptoms of concussion (4) Understanding of the risk of concussion. Each participant was given a composite score, out of 19, based on their performance in symptom identification and true/false questions. Independent-sample two-tailed t-tests were conducted to analyse scores, primarily controlling for viewing of the RFUCEVResultsThere was a significant difference in the scores between the group that had viewed the RFUCEV (n=32, M=14.75, SD=2.55) and those who had not (n=54, M=13.05, SD=2.87); t(84)=2.75, p=0.00721. Additionally, over 25% of parents reported that their child had suffered a concussion, and this was also found to significantly improve the awareness score (p=0.04678)ConclusionsStatistically significant improvement in composite scores after viewing the RFUCEV makes it reasonable to require compulsory parental education prior to signing up a child to play rugby. This would build on the protocol changes made by the RFU in 2014 and further progress the safety of the sport. We suggest the video be improved to emphasise the areas highlighted as inadequately understood, including the increased risk of concussion in under-18s compared to adults.

scholarly journals THE IMPACT OF ASTHMAAND ITS MEDICATIONS ON DENTAL CARIES STATUS AND STREPTOCOCCUS MUTANS COUNT IN CHILDREN: A CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY

2020 ◽  
pp. 20-23
Author(s):  
Sneha Upadhyay ◽  
Jyoti Bhavthankar ◽  
Mandakini Mandale ◽  
Nivedita Kaorey
Keyword(s):  
Dental Caries ◽  
Streptococcus Mutans ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Healthy Children ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Asthmatic Children ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Impact

Background: Asthma and its medications have been linked to oral diseases in asthmatic children. Aim: Assessment of the dental caries status, salivary Streptococcus mutans count and S. mutans colony score in children receiving inhaled anti asthmatic medications and their comparison in healthy children Material and Method: A cross-sectional study was performed on 40 asthmatic children and 40 healthy children in the age group of 6-14 years. DMFT/deft indices were calculated and saliva samples were collected. Diluted saliva was inoculated on MSB agar plates. S. mutans count and colony score were analysed after 24-48 hours of inoculation. Results: Statistically significant difference was observed in the mean DMFT/deft index, salivary S. mutans load and S. mutans colony score in children of the asthmatic group and control group. Conclusion: Prevalence of dental caries and cariogenic bacteria is higher in asthmatic children.

scholarly journals Pattern analysis of S. haematobium infection and elimination in the area of Alsuki, Sudan

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 1059
Author(s):  
Rawia A. Abdelshafie ◽  
Abdalla I. Abdalla Mohamed
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Health Program ◽  
Pattern Analysis ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
P Value ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The People ◽  
The Impact

Background: The aim of this study was to determine the current conditions of children of the selected area, for the purpose of measuring the new effective health program for schistosomiasis disease eliminations and obtain the prevalence intensity and risk factors of S. haematobium among school children in the study area.Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was used to screen school going children of all the ages from five randomly selected schools from Alsuki region. A statistical analysis derived from data formulated based on 1062 samples aged between 6 and 15 years attending the selected schools during the period testing within 6 months were enrolled.Results: The impact of health awareness program was measured usefully and the responded factor for reducing the Schistosomiasis diseases was significantly became less than (0.05). Therefore, the actual qualified fitting degree and applicability was significantly becoming (p value=0.001).Conclusions: This research concluded that the prediction of Schistosomiasis diseases due to the risk Ratio of the collected data for those who did not attended awareness over the people who attended program became (0.248).

scholarly journals Breast density in women with premature ovarian failure or postmenopausal women using hormone therapy: analytical cross-sectional study

2010 ◽  
Vol 128 (4) ◽  
pp. 211-214 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrícia Magda Soares ◽  
César Cabello ◽  
Luis Alberto Magna ◽  
Eduardo Tinois ◽  
Cristina Laguna Benetti-Pinto
Keyword(s):  
Hormone Therapy ◽  
Postmenopausal Women ◽  
Breast Density ◽  
Premature Ovarian Failure ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Ovarian Failure ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Impact

CONTEXT AND OBJECTIVE: Studies on postmenopausal women have reported increased risk of breast cancer relating to the type and duration of hormone therapy (HT) used. Women with premature ovarian failure (POF) represent a challenge, since they require prolonged HT. Little is known about the impact of prolonged HT use on these women's breasts. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of one type of HT on the breast density of women with POF, compared with postmenopausal women. DESIGN AND SETTING: Cross-sectional study at the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Universidade Estadual de Campinas (Unicamp). METHODS: 31 women with POF and 31 postmenopausal women, all using HT consisting of conjugated equine estrogen combined with medroxyprogesterone acetate, and matched according to HT duration, were studied. Mammography was performed on all subjects and was analyzed by means of digitization or Wolfe's classification, stratified into two categories: non-dense (N1 and P1 patterns) and dense (P2 and Dy). RESULTS: No significant difference in breast density was found between the two groups through digitization or Wolfe's classification. From digitization, the mean breast density was 24.1% ± 14.6 and 18.1% ± 17.2 in the POF and postmenopausal groups, respectively (P = 0.15). Wolfe's classification identified dense breasts in 51.6% and 29.0%, respectively (P = 0.171). CONCLUSION: There was no difference in breast density between the women with POF and postmenopausal women, who had used HT for the same length of time. These results may help towards compliance with HT use among women with POF.

scholarly journals A Cross-Sectional Study to Explore Intimate Partner Violence and Barriers to Empowerment of Women in Armenia

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Russell Kabir ◽  
Hafiz T. A. Khan
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Intimate Partner Violence ◽  
Partner Violence ◽  
Social Issues ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Intimate Partner ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Impact

Background. Intimate partner violence is a major problem worldwide and it is one of the most social issues in Armenia. Empowerment is one of the important factors that helps women to break the cycle of violence by their husband/partner. The aim of this research is to explore the impact of intimate partner violence on empowerment of Armenian women of reproductive age group. Methods. This cross-sectional study used data Armenia Demography and Health Survey Data 2015-16. A total 6116 women were selected from 8749 households at both urban and rural places of Armenia for interview using multistage cluster sampling technique. Data analysis was performed using SPSS version 24. Results. The respondents aged between 35 and 49 years are more likely to face violence compared to other age group (p≤0.001). The respondents who have no decision-making power, about 89% of them, are experiencing intimate partner violence, whereas only 11% are facing intimate partner violence among those who have decision-making power (p≤0.001). The logistic regression analysis reveals that age of the respondents, number of children in the households, wealth index, and empowerment status are significantly associated with intimate partner violence. Conclusion. Intimate partner violence has significant impact on the empowerment of women in Armenia. This study revealed that women with no empowerment are more likely to experience intimate partner violence compared to those women who are empowered in Armenian society.

scholarly journals The Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic Outbreak on Eating and Lifestyle Habits of Adolescents in Bosnia and Herzegovina: a Cross-sectional Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nevena Ćorić ◽  
Anita Jurić ◽  
Andrea Karlovic
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Weight Change ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Social Characteristics ◽  
Dietary Vitamin ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Lifestyle Habits ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background: Pandemic caused by the COVID-19 virus brought tremendous changes in the lifestyle of adolescents, about which numerous studies have been published. Due to extended restrictions, long term impact should be investigated.Methods: This cross-sectional study enrolled 953 voluntary participants aged 14 to 21, from different regions of B&H. Participants were asked to complete an online 37-item survey, regarding socio-demographics, geographic, social characteristics, dietary and lifestyle habits, physical activity, including their consumption of dietary, vitamin and mineral supplements. They also needed to provide information about their weight, height and weight change during the entire period of the COVID-19 pandemic from March 2020 until the end of November when the study was completed. For data entry and analysis, SPSS (version 25) and Microsoft Excel were used.Results: At the time of completing the survey, a slightly lower BMI of participants was noticed compared to the time before the pandemic. A statistically significant difference was determined between males and females BMI, boys BMI was slightly higher. Females gained and men lost BW. Increased intake of unhealthy types of food was associated with weight change. Increased mental stress during the pandemic was associated with dietary changes, respectively with decreased as also increased food amount. High percent of participants (40.4%) who increased their physical activity did not alter their eating in the form of the food amount. This study reported use of some dietary supplements which have not been used before the pandemic by 63.5% participants.Conclusions: This paper presents a unique insight into the changing lifestyle and eating habits of adolescents in B&H during lockdown and post-lockdown period of research. Considering that pandemic is still ongoing, data from study like this may be useful to create further steps in battling the pandemic.

scholarly journals Impact of COVID-19 Pandemic on the Psychological Status of Palestinian Adults in the West Bank, Palestine; A Cross-Sectional Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 227-237
Author(s):  
Imad T. Asmar ◽  
Hani Naseef ◽  
Nimeh Al-Shami ◽  
Maram K. Jaghama ◽  
Abdallah D. Abukhalil ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Negative Impact ◽  
West Bank ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Psychological Status ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Online Questionnaire ◽  
The West ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Impact

Background: Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) rapid manifestation and spread have disrupted world norms and affected people's daily activities and life. Many ministries chose mass lockdown protocol as a way to control the virus spread. Though this protocol has shown to be effective in limiting the Virus transmission, it might have a negative impact on the population's psychological status, such as boredom, confusion, psychological stress, anxiety, depression, and physical effects. Objective: This study aimed to find the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the Palestinian adults' psychological status by assessing the participant's practices, reports of anxiety and depression during the pandemics Methods: An observational descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among Palestinian adults in the West Bank, at the occupied Palestinian territories, between July and September 2020. The questionnaire was structured into two domains: the first domain includes nine questions about sociodemographic data. The second consisted of 33 (yes and no) questions evaluating the participant's psychological status. Results: 739 participants with a mean age of 31.76, filled the online questionnaire. Around one-third of respondents revealed having many signs of anxiety, and around 42% of respondents expressed having many signs of depression. Females were significantly more likely to have signs of depression, whereas front-line COVID-19 health care workers were significantly the least likely to have signs of depression and no signs of depression were found among participants with high incomes. Conclusion: COVID-19 pandemic has a negative effect on mental status; most participants have signs of anxiety and depression.

scholarly journals Built form and depression among the Chinese rural elderly: a cross-sectional study

BMJ Open ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. e038572
Author(s):  
Qin-wei Qiu ◽  
Jing Li ◽  
Jia-yu Li ◽  
Yong Xu
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Rural Elderly ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Built Form ◽  
Housing Area ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Few Data ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Rural Elders

ObjectivesFew data on the association between housing structure and depression among rural elders in China are available. We examined the impact of built forms on depression.DesignThis is a cross-sectional study.SettingA representative sample of rural residents aged 60 years or older in China.ParticipantsA total of 5090 older adults in 2019 in rural Suzhou, China.Outcome measuresAssociations of built form with odds of probable and possible depression.ResultsThere was significant difference among elders living in varied sizes of house. Older age (vs 60–64 years: 75–79 years AdjOR, 1.737; 95% CI, 1.309 to 2.305; ≥80 years AdjOR, 2.072; 95% CI, 1.439 to 2.981), male sex (AdjOR, 0.719; 95% CI, 0.593 to 0.871), single (AdjOR, 1.303; 95% CI, 1.032 to 1.646), self-care disability (AdjOR, 4.761; 95% CI, 3.960 to 5.724), three or more chronic diseases (AdjOR, 2.200; 95% CI, 1.657 to 2.920), living alone (AdjOR, 1.443; 95% CI, 1.059 to 1.966), living in cottage (AdjOR, 1.426; 95% CI, 1.033 to 1.967), living space (vs <50 m2: 201–250 m2 AdjOR, 0.566; 95% CI, 0.359 to 0.893; >250 m2 AdjOR, 0.337; 95% CI, 0.223 to 0.511) and space per person (vs <30 m2: 30- m2 AdjOR, 0.502; 95% CI, 0.362 to 0.697; 40- m2 AdjOR, 0.473; 95% CI, 0.347 to 0.646; 50- m2 AdjOR, 0.418; 95% CI, 0.339 to 0.515) were associated with risk of depression among Chinese rural elders.ConclusionThe built form was significantly and meaningfully associated with depression among Chinese rural elders. More attention should be paid to preventing mental illness among the rural elderly living in the small housing area and cottages in China.

scholarly journals COVID-19 and Psychological Health of Female Saudi Arabian Population: A Cross-Sectional Study

Healthcare ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 542
Author(s):  
Syed Mohammed Basheeruddin Asdaq ◽  
Sara Abdulrahman Alajlan ◽  
Yahya Mohzari ◽  
Mohammed Asad ◽  
Ahmad Alamer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Mental Status ◽  
Negative Attitude ◽  
Saudi Arabian ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sample Population ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Impact

The influence of the COVID-19 pandemic is unprecedented on physical and mental health. This study aimed to determine the impact of the COVID-19 event on mental health among Saudi Arabian females of Riyadh by a cross-sectional study design. The samples of the study were recruited using convenience and snowball sampling methods. The questionnaire is composed of items related to sociodemographic profile, general mental status, negative attitude scale, impact of event (COVID-19 pandemic) scale (R) and negative health impact. The data obtained were analyzed using multivariate regression analysis. Out of the 797 samples (34.58 ± 12.89 years), 457 (57.34%) belonged to an age group of ≥25 years. The average BMI of the participants was 26.73 (kg/m2). Significantly (p = 0.000), a large proportion of the participants were overweight and unemployed. Age group (>25 years) have more odds for abnormal mental status (OR; 1.592), development of negative attitudes (OR; 1.986), the intense impact of COVID-19 events (OR; 1.444) and susceptibility to attain negative health impacts (OR; 1.574). High body weight is another risk factor for altered mental status, negative attitude and developing impact of COVID-19 quickly. Overall, the COVID-19 pandemic was directly associated with stress (53%), anxiety (63%) and depression (44%) in our sample population. There is an urgent need for psychological counseling for the distressed population.

Novice therapists in a developing context: Extending the reach of hand rehabilitation

Hand Therapy ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 141-152
Author(s):  
Kirsty van Stormbroek ◽  
Helen Buchanan
Keyword(s):  
Response Rate ◽  
Occupational Therapists ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
First Year ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Hand Rehabilitation ◽  
Online Questionnaire ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Rehabilitation Needs ◽  
The Impact

Introduction Hand rehabilitation needs in some parts of the world extend beyond the impact of specialised hand therapists. This study aimed to establish what hand rehabilitation services novice occupational therapists in South Africa were providing; the supports and barriers for such services; and, therapists’ perceptions of being equipped for hand rehabilitation. Methods A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted, and an online questionnaire was sent to all occupational therapists in their first year of practice (n = 240). Data were analysed with Stata 12 and IBM SPSS Statistics, version 21.0. Responses to open ended questions were post-coded. Results A 43.3% response rate was obtained. Participants (n = 104) treated an average of 20 clients requiring hand rehabilitation per month often without adequate equipment (73%). Central nervous system (91.3%), bone and joint (72.8%) and arthritic conditions (72.4%) were treated most frequently. Most participants felt confident (64%) and competent (79%) in hand rehabilitation. Conclusion Participants were undertaking hand rehabilitation that in other contexts is considered to require specialised skills. To ensure quality rehabilitation, supervision and mentoring of novice therapists and appropriate professional development opportunities are required.

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