scholarly journals Evaluation of Mechanical and Interfacial Properties of Bio-Composites Based on Poly(Lactic Acid) with Natural Cellulose Fibers

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 960 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura Aliotta ◽  
Vito Gigante ◽  
Maria Coltelli ◽  
Patrizia Cinelli ◽  
Andrea Lazzeri
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Agricultural Waste ◽  
Natural Fibers ◽  
Analytical Models ◽  
Poly Lactic Acid ◽  
Polymeric Matrices ◽  
Cellulosic Fibers ◽  
Natural Cellulose ◽  
Wide Range

The circular economy policy and the interest for sustainable material are inducing a constant expansion of the bio-composites market. The opportunity of using natural fibers in bio-based and biodegradable polymeric matrices, derived from industrial and/or agricultural waste, represents a stimulating challenge in the replacement of traditional composites based on fossil sources. The coupling of bioplastics with natural fibers in order to lower costs and promote degradability is one of the primary objectives of research, above all in the packaging and agricultural sectors where large amounts of non-recyclable plastics are generated, inducing a serious problem for plastic disposal and potential accumulation in the environment. Among biopolymers, poly(lactic acid) (PLA) is one of the most used compostable, bio-based polymeric matrices, since it exhibits process ability and mechanical properties compatible with a wide range of applications. In this study, two types of cellulosic fibers were processed with PLA in order to obtain bio-composites with different percentages of microfibers (5%, 10%, 20%). The mechanical properties were evaluated (tensile and impact test), and analytical models were applied in order to estimate the adhesion between matrix and fibers and to predict the material’s stiffness. Understanding these properties is of particular importance in order to be able to tune and project the final characteristics of bio-composites.

Comparative studies of mechanical properties of poly(ɛ-caprolactone) and poly(lactic acid) blends reinforced with natural fibers

2013 ◽  
Vol 20 (7) ◽  
pp. 459-467 ◽  
Author(s):  
Noel Ibrahim Akos ◽  
Mat Uzir Wahit ◽  
Rahmah Mohamed ◽  
Abdirahman Ali Yussuf
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Comparative Studies ◽  
Natural Fibers ◽  
Poly Lactic Acid

scholarly journals Analysis, Development, and Scaling-Up of Poly(lactic acid) (PLA) Biocomposites with Hazelnuts Shell Powder (HSP)

Polymers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (23) ◽  
pp. 4080
Author(s):  
Laura Aliotta ◽  
Alessandro Vannozzi ◽  
Daniele Bonacchi ◽  
Maria-Beatrice Coltelli ◽  
Andrea Lazzeri
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Interfacial Adhesion ◽  
Scale Up ◽  
Analytical Models ◽  
Poly Lactic Acid ◽  
Residual Moisture ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Shell Powder

In this work, two different typologies of hazelnuts shell powders (HSPs) having different granulometric distributions were melt-compounded into poly(lactic acid) (PLA) matrix. Different HSPs concentration (from 20 up to 40 wt.%) were investigated with the aim to obtain final biocomposites with a high filler quantity, acceptable mechanical properties, and good melt fluidity in order to be processable. For the best composition, the scale-up in a semi-industrial extruder was then explored. Good results were achieved for the scaled-up composites; in fact, thanks to the extruder venting system, the residual moisture is efficiently removed, guaranteeing to the final composites improved mechanical and melt fluidity properties, when compared to the lab-scaled composites. Analytical models were also adopted to predict the trend of mechanical properties (in particular, tensile strength), also considering the effect of HSPs sizes and the role of the interfacial adhesion between the fillers and the matrix.

scholarly journals Mechanical properties of fibre/ filler based poly(Lactic Acid) (Pla) composites : A brief review

2021 ◽  
pp. 5-18
Author(s):  
Sandip Kumar Mishra ◽  
Sanjeev Dahiya ◽  
Brijesh Gangil ◽  
Lalit Ranakoti ◽  
Nikita Agrawal
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Polymer Composites ◽  
Natural Fiber ◽  
Biomedical Application ◽  
Natural Fibers ◽  
Poly Lactic Acid ◽  
Economic Aspects ◽  
Fibre Filler ◽  
The Social

Being a biodegradable polymer, poly(lactic acid) (PLA) based composites receive greater preference over non-biodegradable plastics. Poly(lactic acid) has to find its place in various applications such as polymer composites, agriculture, biomedical, etc. Polymer composites based on PLA possess comparable mechanical strength, endurance, flexibility and endures future opportunities. Several combinations of natural fibers and filler-based PLA composites have been fabricated and investigated for physical and mechanical changes. Moreover, several biopolymers and compatibilizers are added to PLA to provide rigidity. The paper presents a tabulated review of the various natural fiber/filter-based PLA composites and the preparation and outcomes. In addition, enhancement made by the reinforcement of nano filler in the PLA are also discussed in brief. The significance of PLA in the biomedical application has been discussed in brief. The paper also shed lights in the social and economic aspects of PLA.

Effects of Kevlar volume fraction and fabric structures on the mechanical properties of 3D orthogonal woven ramie/Kevlar reinforced poly (lactic acid) composites

2017 ◽  
Vol 47 (8) ◽  
pp. 2074-2091 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jianxia Yang ◽  
Yitong Guo ◽  
Lan Yao ◽  
Qingqing Ni ◽  
Yiping Qiu
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Volume Fraction ◽  
Natural Fibers ◽  
Poly Lactic Acid ◽  
Delamination Resistance ◽  
3D Orthogonal Woven ◽  
Fabric Structures ◽  
Increasing Trends ◽  
The Impact

The proposed 3D orthogonal woven ramie/Kevlar reinforced poly (lactic acid) composite in this paper is a new type composite in which the 3D orthogonal structure has great advantages of high impact and delamination resistance due to the Z yarns and the hybridization of natural and manmade fibers provides not only partial environment friendly benefit but also efficient compensation for the relatively low mechanical properties from pure natural fibers. Eight types of the aforementioned composites were designed and fabricated. The results showed that as the volume fraction of Kevlar was increased, the tensile properties showed increasing trends, while the flexural properties were predominantly dependent on the fabric structures, especially, the weft yarns properties in the first and second layers from the upper and bottom surfaces. Furthermore, the impact strength was enhanced as the volume fraction of Kevlar increased to 5.5% and leveled off when Kevlar yarns continuously increased.

Preparation and Properties of Poly(lactic Acid) Fiber Reinforced PHBV Composite

2013 ◽  
Vol 420 ◽  
pp. 107-113
Author(s):  
Guo Lei Liang ◽  
Zhi Hong Li ◽  
Ji Min Wu ◽  
Xiang Zhao ◽  
Wei Juan Jiang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Mechanical Property ◽  
Plastic Deformation ◽  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Internal Fixation ◽  
Broad Spectrum ◽  
Fiber Diameter ◽  
Poly Lactic Acid ◽  
Melt Mixing ◽  
Wide Range

Purposes: This study is to improve the mechanical properties and machinability performance of PHBV. Procedures: PLA/PHBV composites were prepared by dry blend in the melt mixing. The contents of PLA fiber in PHBV matrix are 0, 1, 3, 5, 8 and 10 wt. %. Methods: PLA/PHBV composites were subjected to mechanical property, thermal and morphology evaluation. Results: The results showed the immiscibility of PLA fiber and PHBV matrix. The excellent mechanical properties of the composite (the content of PLA fiber is 8 wt. %) were higher than those of neat PHBV. The micrograph of the fracture surfaces showed that the addition of PLA fiber evidently improved the toughness of PLA/PHBV blends and showed a broad spectrum of PLA fiber diameter (about 200 nm). Conclusions: The improvements were due to the efficient of the PLA fiber as the reinforcement. And the blends showed a significant ductile plastic deformation. The PLA/PHBV blends can be used for a wide range of multifunctional biomedical materials such as the internal fixation of fracture.

scholarly journals A Review: Research Progress in Modification of Poly (Lactic Acid) by Lignin and Cellulose

Polymers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 776
Author(s):  
Sixiang Zhai ◽  
Qingying Liu ◽  
Yuelong Zhao ◽  
Hui Sun ◽  
Biao Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Composite Materials ◽  
Crystallization Rate ◽  
Research Progress ◽  
Poly Lactic Acid ◽  
Green Composite ◽  
Materials Development ◽  
Research Attention ◽  
Biomass Components

With the depletion of petroleum energy, the possibility of prices of petroleum-based materials increasing, and increased environmental awareness, biodegradable materials as a kind of green alternative have attracted more and more research attention. In this context, poly (lactic acid) has shown a unique combination of properties such as nontoxicity, biodegradability, biocompatibility, and good workability. However, examples of its known drawbacks include poor tensile strength, low elongation at break, poor thermal properties, and low crystallization rate. Lignocellulosic materials such as lignin and cellulose have excellent biodegradability and mechanical properties. Compounding such biomass components with poly (lactic acid) is expected to prepare green composite materials with improved properties of poly (lactic acid). This paper is aimed at summarizing the research progress of modification of poly (lactic acid) with lignin and cellulose made in in recent years, with emphasis on effects of lignin and cellulose on mechanical properties, thermal stability and crystallinity on poly (lactic acid) composite materials. Development of poly (lactic acid) composite materials in this respect is forecasted.

scholarly journals Mechanical Properties and Bioactivity of Poly(Lactic Acid) Composites Containing Poly(Glycolic Acid) Fiber and Hydroxyapatite Particles

Nanomaterials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 249
Author(s):  
Han-Seung Ko ◽  
Sangwoon Lee ◽  
Doyoung Lee ◽  
Jae Young Jho
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Flexural Strength ◽  
Interfacial Adhesion ◽  
Glycolic Acid ◽  
Compact Bone ◽  
Poly Lactic Acid ◽  
Coupling Reactions ◽  
The Poor ◽  
Human Compact Bone

To enhance the mechanical strength and bioactivity of poly(lactic acid) (PLA) to the level that can be used as a material for spinal implants, poly(glycolic acid) (PGA) fibers and hydroxyapatite (HA) were introduced as fillers to PLA composites. To improve the poor interface between HA and PLA, HA was grafted by PLA to form HA-g-PLA through coupling reactions, and mixed with PLA. The size of the HA particles in the PLA matrix was observed to be reduced from several micrometers to sub-micrometer by grafting PLA onto HA. The tensile and flexural strength of PLA/HA-g-PLA composites were increased compared with those of PLA/HA, apparently due to the better dispersion of HA and stronger interfacial adhesion between the HA and PLA matrix. We also examined the effects of the length and frequency of grafted PLA chains on the tensile strength of the composites. By the addition of unidirectionally aligned PGA fibers, the flexural strength of the composites was greatly improved to a level comparable with human compact bone. In the bioactivity tests, the growth of apatite on the surface was fastest and most uniform in the PLA/PGA fiber/HA-g-PLA composite.

scholarly journals Relationship between the Stereocomplex Crystallization Behavior and Mechanical Properties of PLLA/PDLA Blends

Polymers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (11) ◽  
pp. 1851
Author(s):  
Hye-Seon Park ◽  
Chang-Kook Hong
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Crystallization Behavior ◽  
Mechanical Analysis ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Nucleation Agent ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Nucleation Sites ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Degree Of Crystallization

Poly (l-lactic acid) (PLLA) is a promising biomedical polymer material with a wide range of applications. The diverse enantiomeric forms of PLLA provide great opportunities for thermal and mechanical enhancement through stereocomplex formation. The addition of poly (d-lactic acid) (PDLA) as a nucleation agent and the formation of stereocomplex crystallization (SC) have been proven to be an effective method to improve the crystallization and mechanical properties of the PLLA. In this study, PLLA was blended with different amounts of PDLA through a melt blending process and their properties were calculated. The effect of the PDLA on the crystallization behavior, thermal, and mechanical properties of PLLA were investigated systematically by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), X-ray diffraction (XRD), polarized optical microscopy (POM), dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA), and tensile test. Based on our findings, SC formed easily when PDLA content was increased, and acts as nucleation sites. Both SC and homo crystals (HC) were observed in the PLLA/PDLA blends. As the content of PDLA increased, the degree of crystallization increased, and the mechanical strength also increased.

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