scholarly journals The Protective Function and Modification of Secondary Metabolite Accumulation in Response to Light Stress in Dracocephalum forrestii Shoots

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (15) ◽  
pp. 7965
Author(s):  
Izabela Weremczuk-Jeżyna ◽  
Katarzyna Hnatuszko-Konka ◽  
Liwia Lebelt ◽  
Izabela Grzegorczyk-Karolak
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Light Stress ◽  
Red Light ◽  
Photosynthetic Pigment ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Protective Function ◽  
Light Spectra ◽  
Red Led ◽  
Pharmacologically Active

The aim of this work was to determine the effect of stress conditions caused by different light sources, i.e., blue LED (λ = 430 nm), red LED (λ = 670 nm), blue and red LED (70%:30%) and white LED (430–670 nm) on the growth and morphology of cultivated in vitro Dracocephalum forrestii shoot culture. It also examines the effects on bioactive phenolic compound production and photosynthetic pigment content, as well as on antioxidant enzyme activity (CAT, SOD, POD) and antioxidant properties. The most beneficial proliferation effect was observed under white LEDs (7.1 ± 2.1 shoots per explant). The white and blue lights stimulated the highest fresh weight gain, while red light induced the highest dry weight gain. The total phenolic acid content ranged from 13.824 ± 1.181 to 20.018 ± 801 mg g DW−1 depending on light conditions. The highest content of rosmarinic acid was found in the control shoots (cultivated under fluorescent lamps), followed by culture grown under red light. All LED treatments, especially red and blue, increased salvianolic acid B content, and blue increased apigenin p-coumarylrhamnoside biosynthesis. The greatest ferric reduction activity was observed in shoots cultivated under red light, followed by blue; this is associated with the presence of the highest total phenol content, especially phenolic acids. Similarly, the highest DPPH radical scavenging potential was observed under red light followed by blue. This study proves that LEDs have emerged as significant support for directed in vitro propagation, taking advantage of specific stress responses on various light spectra. This study also showed how stress induced by different LED light spectra increases in Dracocephalum forrestii the synthesis of pharmacologically-active compounds. Hence, light stress may turn out to be a simpler alternative to metabolic engineering for improving the production of secondary metabolites of therapeutic value.

scholarly journals Effect of thidiazuron and monochromatic light on shoot development in vitro culture of Polygonum cuspidatum Sieb et Zucc

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. First
Author(s):  
Doan Phan Phuong Thao ◽  
Tuan Anh Le ◽  
Phan Ngo Hoang
Keyword(s):  
Blue Light ◽  
Phenolic Content ◽  
Monochromatic Light ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Fluorescent Light ◽  
Polygonum Cuspidatum ◽  
Blue Led ◽  
Red Led ◽  
Number Of Shoots

Polygonum cuspidatum Sieb. et Zucc, a medicinal plant, contains many phenolic compounds such as resveratrol. It has antioxidant, antibacterial, anti-cancer, HIV, and neuron protective properties. In this study, stem segments having an auxiliary bud were cultured in vitro on MS medium supplemented with TDZ at 0.1 mg/L for obtaining the highest number of shoots (8–9 shoots/cluster after eight weeks). The bud shoots were originated from the differentiation in the periphery of the lateral meristem. After eight weeks, the shoots cultured under the monochromatic light showed that the plant height, fresh and dry weight was higher than those grown under the fluorescent light at the same intensity of 50 µmol photon/m2/sec. Blue LED reduced the number of shoots/cluster, and respiration intensity of the inoculum compared to the red LED or fluorescent light conditions. However, after eight weeks, the total sugar and phenolic content in leaves and stems, as well as the resveratrol content of shoots under blue light, were always higher than under red LED or fluorescent light. Moreover, when samples were exposed under the one-week blue light condition at a double intensity (100 µmol photon/m2/sec), the shoot clusters growing under blue LED also had a remarkably high total phenolic content and significantly high resveratrol levels compared to the two other treatments. The roles of endogenous growth regulators in shoot clusters under different lighting conditions were also analyzed and discussed.

Fundamentals and Applications of Red Light-Emitting Diodes (LEDs) In Vitro Plant Growth on Tomato Lycopersicon esculentum Mill

2019 ◽  
Vol 805 ◽  
pp. 141-145
Author(s):  
Nguyen Phuc Thien
Keyword(s):  
Lycopersicon Esculentum ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Significant Influence ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Red Light ◽  
Light Emitting ◽  
Red Led ◽  
In Vitro Plant ◽  
Normal Light

The aim of these studies was mainly to investigate the effects of monochromatic LEDs applied singly on the in vitro plant growth and morphogenesis. Various morphological and physiological parameters are considered that influence the growth and development of plants in vitro under red LED light as compared to those under normal light. Upon exposure to LED, in vitro-raised plants have shown significant improvements in growth and morphogenesis. In particular, red and blue lights, either alone or in combination, have a significant influence on plant growth. The present study gives an overview of the fundamentals of LEDs and describes their effects on in vitro plant growth and morphogenesis and their future potentials. The main objective of this study was to carry out line and combing ability of plant growth on tomato.

scholarly journals Micropropagation and Production of Health Promoting Lignans in Linum usitatissimum

Plants ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 728
Author(s):  
Irfan Khan ◽  
Mubarak Ali Khan ◽  
Muhammad Amir Shehzad ◽  
Amir Ali ◽  
Sher Mohammad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Linum Usitatissimum ◽  
Culture Media ◽  
Radical Scavenging Activity ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Growth Media ◽  
Shoot Cultures ◽  
Market Demand ◽  
Pharmacologically Active

Linum usitatissimum commonly known as flax or linseed is an important medicinal plant, produces medicinally potent lignans, used in the treatment of several human diseases. Lignans limited production in the natural plants does not meet the increasing market demand. This study was conducted to establish an easy and rapid method for the in vitro micropropagation and production of potent lignans and antioxidant secondary metabolites in linseed. The results indicated that hypocotyl explants under the effects of thidiazuron (TDZ: 0.5 mg/L) + kinetin (Kn: 0.5 mg/L) in the basal growth media, resulted in the optimal shoot organogenesis parameters (shoot induction frequency: 86.87%, number of shoots: 6.3 ± 0.36 and shoots length: 6.5 ± 0.54 cm), in 4 weeks. Further, TDZ supplementation in the culture media efficiently activated the antioxidant system in the in vitro raised shoots, wherein maximum production of total phenolic content, TPC (34.33 ± 0.20 mg of GAE/g DW); total flavonoid content, TFC (8.99 ± 0.02 mg of QE/g DW); DPPH free radical scavenging activity (92.7 ± 1.32%); phenylalanine ammonia-lyase activity, PAL (8.99 ± 0.02 U/g FW); and superoxide dismutase expression, SOD (3.62 ± 0.01 nM/min/mg FW) were observed in the shoot cultures raised in presence of TDZ: 0.5 mg/L + Kn: 0.5 mg/L. Nonetheless, considerable levels of pharmacologically active lignans such as secoisolariciresinol (SECO: 23.13–37.10 mg/g DW), secoisolariciresinol diglucoside (SDG: 3.32–3.86 mg/g DW) and anhydrosecoisolariciresinol diglucoside (ANHSECO: 5.15–7.94 mg/g DW) were accumulated in the regenerated shoots. This protocol can be scaled up for the commercial production of linseed to meet the market demands for lignans.

scholarly journals PHYTOCHEMICAL SCREENING AND EVALUATION OF IN VITRO ANTIOXIDANT POTENTIAL OF IMMATURE PALMYRA PALM (BORASSUS FLABELLIFER LINN.) FRUITS

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 77
Author(s):  
Krisnamoorthy Renuka ◽  
Vellai Roshana Devi ◽  
Sorimuthu Pillai Subramanian
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Radical Scavenging Activity ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Scavenging Activity ◽  
Phytochemical Screening ◽  
Palm Fruits ◽  
Pharmacologically Active ◽  
Phenolic And Flavonoid

Objective: The present study was aimed to evaluate the in vitro antioxidant properties of immature Palmyra palm fruits which have been traditionally used for the treatment of diabetes. The qualitative phytochemical screening and quantitative estimation of total phenolic and flavonoids contents in the ethanolic extract were performed to substantiate the antioxidant and medicinal claims.Methods: Immature palmyra palm fruits were collected, authenticated, dried and powdered in an electrical grinder. The powdered fruits were delipidated in petroleum ether and soxhilation using ethanol to extract the active ingredients. Qualitative phytochemical screening, total phenolic and flavonoid contents were carried out by established methods. The in vitro antioxidant potentials were performed by diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl, azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid, nitric oxide and superoxide anion scavenging assays.Results: The phytochemical screening showed the presence of alkaloids, flavonoids, glycosides, saponins, tannins, phytosterols, triterpenoids and phenols in the immature palmyra palm fruits extract. The total phenolic and flavonoid contents in the fruits extract was found to be 104.00±0.02 μg gallic acid equivalents/100 mg of fruits extract and 98.45±0.03 μg quercetin equivalents/100 mg, respectively. The percentage inhibition of DPPH radicals range from 35 to 70% at a concentration ranges from 200-1000μg/ml. Similarly, the percentage of inhibition of ABTS radicals was found to be in the range of 40 to 75.5%. The nitric oxide scavenging activity of the fruits extract ranges from 45 to 76% whereas the superoxide radical scavenging activity ranges from 43 to 83%.Conclusion: The observed significant free radical scavenging activity along with increased total phenolic as well as flavonoid contents suggest that the immature fruits may be considered as a potential source for the identification of pharmacologically active phytochemicals capable of controlling oxidative stress.

scholarly journals INFLUENCE OF DIFFERENT LIGHTING SPECTRA ON GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT OF IN VITRO VIRUS-FREE POTATO PLANTS

2016 ◽  
Vol 24 ◽  
pp. 73-78
Author(s):  
L. M. Reshotko ◽  
S. V. Derevianko ◽  
O. O. Dmitruk ◽  
I. V. Volkova
Keyword(s):  
Chlorophyll Content ◽  
Blue Light ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Red Light ◽  
Potato Cultivar ◽  
Potato Cultivars ◽  
Light Spectra ◽  
Potato Plants ◽  
In Vitro Plants

It was found that the additional lighting affects habіtus of in vitro plants: red light correction increases the growth of potato cultivars such as Shchedrik, Tyras and Suvenir Chernihivskyi, and blue light correction leads to a significant reduction in height of Suvenir Chernihivskyi potato cultivar and to the accelerated formation of stolons in all tested varieties. The chlorophyll content in the leaves of potato plants was increased with additional lighting. It depended both on the light spectra and the reaction of varieties to lighting.

scholarly journals In Vitro Propagation of the Amazonian Medicinal Plant Guayusa (Ilex Guayusa) and Effects of Light in the Growth and Development of this Shade Tolerant Plant

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sofia D. Carvalho ◽  
Mayra Ortega ◽  
Miguel Orellana ◽  
Michelle Rodríguez ◽  
Kevin M. Folta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
In Vitro Propagation ◽  
Red Light ◽  
Endemic Plant ◽  
Light Spectra ◽  
Tolerant Plant ◽  
Chemical Sterilization ◽  
Reduced Space ◽  
Elongation Phase

Abstract Guayusa ( Ilex guayusa ) is an endemic plant from the Amazon with potential medicinal applications. Indigenous people are familiar with such applications and use guayusa based on ancestral knowledge. There is a growing interest in guayusa-based products in urban areas of Ecuador and internationally. The supply cannot meet the demand. Currently, traditional practices are used for guayusa growth and the potential use of the protected forest is foreseen. This work describes a protocol for the in vitro propagation of guayusa, a sustainable solution to generate high quality plants in reduced space. Stakes obtained from stems were used as explants. Chemical sterilization with ethanol and sodium hypochlorite resulted in 100% surface-sterilized stakes. The growth medium mWPM resulted in favorable outcomes regarding shoot development and elongation, as well as rooting. Supplementation with activated charcoal resulted in reduced browning during the elongation phase. The majority of shoots were able to develop roots spontaneously. Medium supplementation with the auxin indole-3-butyric acid, IBA, may be considered when rooting does not occur spontaneously. Acclimatization was performed in soil. The protocol was tested under different light spectra, revealing that guayusa growth is affected by light quality. The photobiology of this shade tolerant plant requires further characterization, but the data uncovered a potential role for green and far-red light in root development.

scholarly journals Effects of supplemental lighting using HPS and LED lamps with different light spectra on growth and yield of the cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) during winter cultivation in greenhouse

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jadwiga Treder ◽  
Anna Borkowska ◽  
Waldemar Treder ◽  
Kamila Sikorska-Zimny
Keyword(s):  
Red Light ◽  
Threshold Value ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Mineral Wool ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Cucumis Sativus L ◽  
Light Spectra ◽  
Red Led ◽  
Supplemental Lighting

Abstract The aim of the experiment was to assess the effects of supplemental lighting of cucumber grown in greenhouse using lamps with differentiated light spectra: sodium lamps – high-pressure sodium (HPS) and light emitting diodes (LEDs). Plants (cucumber ‘Pacto’ F1) were grown in two greenhouse compartments with five light treatments: I – HPS + LED (top light with HPS LEDs as interlighting), II – only HPS as top light, III – LED R (LED chips on board (COB) type with an increased level of red band), IV – LED W (LED COB type, white), V – LED B (LED COB type with an increased level of blue spectrum). Light treatments: HPS + LEDs and HPS were grown in one greenhouse compartment and the other three light treatments: LED R (red light supplementation), LED W (without additional supplementation) and LED B (red spectrum supplementation) in the second compartment in analogous climatic conditions. The LED lamps using COB technology are known to be a very efficient source of light. Plants were cultivated from December 2018 to March 2019 in mineral wool slabs Grotop Master (100 × 15 × 10) with four plants on one mat. They were illuminated for 18 h (from 5 am to 11 pm), setting the threshold value (on and off) at 130 W. The plants were drip-irrigated with a complete nutrient solution. The irrigation was controlled based on a weighting system. The assessment of the effect of lighting on early yield and quality of cucumbers was completed after 8 weeks of cropping. It was shown that it was possible to obtain 3.59 kg from one plant during the 8-week period of evaluation by illuminating plants with sodium lamps (HPS), while using HPS and LEDs as additional illuminated inter-rows 3.89 kg. The yield of plants illuminated by LED lamps varied depending on the variant of the spectrum used and was respective for LED R, LED W and LED B, 3.30 kg, 3.90 kg and 3.25 kg. The obtained results indicated that the yield of cucumber ‘Pacto’ F1 grown with HPS lamps at top lighting and at the same time using interlighting with LED lamps was similar to LED W lamps (i.e. without additional supplementation in the range of red (LED R) and blue (LED B) light). Due to good results of LED lamps (type COB for top lighting or as interlighting) used for the cucumber supplemental lighting and high energy efficiency of LEDs, the promising future for that type of lamps compared with traditionally used HPS during winter cultivation in a greenhouse was demonstrated.

scholarly journals Topolins and Red Light Improve the Micropropagation Efficiency of Passion Fruit (Passiflora edulis Sims) ‘Tainung No. 1’

HortScience ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 55 (8) ◽  
pp. 1337-1344
Author(s):  
Ying-Chun Chen ◽  
Chen Chang ◽  
Huey-Ling Lin
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Culture ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
In Vitro Culture ◽  
Red Light ◽  
Passion Fruit ◽  
Nodal Segments ◽  
Production Plant ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Red Led

Passion fruit is a commercial crop of economic importance worldwide, with recent increases in demand for high-quality plants for commercial production. Plant tissue culture is widely used for the mass propagation of many commercial crops, however its application on passion fruit is challenged by the problem of low reproducibility, leaf chlorosis, and growth retardation resulted from in vitro culture. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of cytokinins and light quality on in vitro culture of nodal segments of passion fruit ‘Tainung No. 1’. Three aromatic cytokinins were tested in a modified MS basal medium. The bud proliferation rates of segments initiated on a media containing 1 mg·L−1 meta-topolin riboside (mTR) or benzyladenine (BA) were not significantly different at the same concentration. Buds cultured on medium supplemented with mTR grew and elongated for 4 weeks, while buds on a medium containing BA formed rosettes. After transfer to a medium without plant growth regulators (PGRs), shoots rooted spontaneously within 8 weeks. Furthermore, the effects of continuous propagation under a high proportion of red light affected the subsequent plant growth. Red LED induced an increase in the chlorophyll content (2.71 mg·g−1) compared with other light qualities (1.05–2.63 mg·g−1) and improved plantlet quality. Acclimated plants were grown in the field, and the flower morphology and fruit set were of commercial quality. Findings showed that replacing BA with mTR as the main cytokinin and using a high proportion of red light during the tissue culture induction period produced high-quality plantlets in 3 months. This system is economical and will be further developed for the commercial propagation of passion fruit vines in the future.

scholarly journals Caralluma Acutangula Prevents Body Weight Gain in Rats Feed on Hyperlipidic Diet

2018 ◽  
Vol 75 (2) ◽  
pp. 168
Author(s):  
Pare DRAMANE ◽  
Hilou ADAMA ◽  
Adrian POTÂRNICHE ◽  
Mabozou KPEMISSI ◽  
Orsolya SÁRPATAKI ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Body Weight Loss ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Hyperlipidic Diet

Caralluma acutangula (Decne.) (CA) (Asclepiadaceae) is a medicinal plant traditionally used in Burkina Faso for the management of weight. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of extract of CA on body weight, food intake, blood biochemistry parameters on experimental obesity rat model. One group received CA 400 mg/kg b.w. per day and was fed on hyperlipidic diet (HD), while the control group received HD only for three weeks long. The phytochemical investigation of extract showed a high total phenolic content (36.21±1.36 mg GAE/100mg of extract) and total flavonoids (4.98 ±0.31 QE/100 mg of extract). In the end, CA-HD treated group had a body weight loss of 2%, compared to HD group who presented a body weight gain of 15%. The CA-HD treated group showed also a lower levels of plasma triglyceride (136.57±13.82 mg/dL) and glycemia (187.74±31.16 mg/dL) compared to HD (206.02±23.82 and respectively 230.96±79.07 mg/dL) (p<0.05). CA extract also showed a good anti-oxidant activity in vivo (effect on antioxydant enzyme (MDA, GPX, SOD) and in vitro (inhibition of DPPH radical, ferric ion reduction). This study showed that CA is a potential natural remedy for the control of body weight and alleviation of obesity related disease.

scholarly journals PHARMACOGNOSTICAL, PRELIMINARY PHYTOCHEMICAL SCREENING AND IN VITRO ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY OF HYDROMETHANOL EXTRACT OF GORDONIA DIPTEROSPERMA KURZ.

2020 ◽  
pp. 35-40
Author(s):  
PHAIBIANG LAPASAM ◽  
ANDREW LALTHASANGA ◽  
FREDDY TEILANG NONGKHLAW ◽  
ZOTHAN PUIA
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Hydrogen Peroxide ◽  
Gallic Acid ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Phytochemical Screening ◽  
Pharmacologically Active

Objective: This research is to evaluate the pharmacognostic parameter, phytochemical analysis, and in vitro antioxidant properties of hydromethanol extract. Method: This study carries out the collection and authentication of the plant, extraction, pharmacognostic study, preliminary phytochemical screening, and antioxidant property of leaves hydromethanol extract were evaluated by scavenging the following free radicals – DPPH (2,2-diphenyl- 1-picrylhydrazyl), hydrogen peroxide, nitric oxide, and reducing power. One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) followed by Dunnett’s test was performed. The minimum value of *p˂0.05 considered as significant, **p˂0.01 and ***p˂0.001. Results: Powder microscopy of the leaves showed the presence of stomata, calcium oxalate crystals, trichome, fibers, and oil glands. The total ash was considered to be 3.75%, water-soluble ash 1.25%, and acid-soluble ash 3%. Hydromethanol (3:7) extract yielded 38.8%, moisture content 15.6%. Preliminary phytochemical screening of the extract showed the presence of carbohydrates, glycoside, saponin, phenol, tannin, flavonoid, and steroid. The total flavonoid content was considered to be 32.25 mg/g of quercetin and the total phenolic content of the extract was found 610 mg/g of gallic acid. The IC50 radical scavenging effect of extract and gallic acid was considered to be 3.62 and 3.46 for 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl, 10.4 and 24.73 for hydrogen peroxide, and 48.76 and 58.83 for nitric oxide. Conclusion: The phytochemical constituents of the extract were well-known pharmacologically active chemicals and significant antioxidant potential was shown by the extract. This study finds out the rationality of the use of this plant as a medicinal plant. Further studies would be needed to explore their potential as a treatment for fever, diarrhea, and dysentery.

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