scholarly journals Is Cenobamate the Breakthrough We Have Been Wishing for?

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (17) ◽  
pp. 9339
Author(s):  
Nicola Specchio ◽  
Nicola Pietrafusa ◽  
Federico Vigevano
Keyword(s):  
Adverse Events ◽  
Hypersensitivity Reactions ◽  
The Usa ◽  
New Treatment ◽  
High Degree ◽  
Titration Schedule ◽  
Free Rate

Close to one-third of patients with epilepsies are refractory to current anti-seizure medications; however, trials with cenobamate suggest effectiveness in such patients with focal onset seizures. We searched for data published or otherwise reported on cenobamate and outlined these here. Despite being marketed in the USA, few studies are yet published in full, and trials are ongoing. Nevertheless, cenobamate showed potential for a high degree of efficacy in reducing seizures with an unprecedented seizure-free rate of up to 28%. Rare cases of hypersensitivity reactions seen in early trials seem to be avoided by the current recommended titration schedule. Other adverse events were rated mild-to-moderate and most commonly included dizziness, drowsiness, and headache. If data are confirmed in further published trials, cenobamate will be a welcome new treatment and further analyses may identify those that will benefit the most.

9/11 and Armageddon: the Christian Right and George W. Bush

2003 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-50
Author(s):  
Göran Gunner
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Christian Right ◽  
Political Life ◽  
Religious Leader ◽  
The European Union ◽  
The World ◽  
Mega Church ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Jerry Falwell ◽  
High Degree

Authors from the Christian Right in the USA situate the September 11 attack on New York and Washington within God's intentions to bring America into the divine schedule for the end of the world. This is true of Pat Robertson and Jerry Falwell, and other leading figures in the ‘Christian Coalition’. This article analyses how Christian fundamentalists assess the roles of the USA, the State of Israel, Islam, Iraq, the European Union and Russia within what they perceive to be the divine plan for the future of the world, especially against the background of ‘9/11’. It argues that the ideas of the Christian Right and of President George W. Bush coalesce to a high degree. Whereas before 9/11 many American mega-church preachers had aspirations to direct political life, after the events of that day the President assumes some of the roles of a mega-religious leader.

Naldemedine: Peripherally Acting Opioid Receptor Antagonist for Treating Opioid-induced Adverse Effects

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (31) ◽  
pp. 2830-2842
Author(s):  
Masanao Inagaki ◽  
Toshiyuki Kanemasa ◽  
Takaaki Yokota
Keyword(s):  
Adverse Effects ◽  
Adverse Events ◽  
Severe Pain ◽  
Lead Compound ◽  
Inhibitory Effects ◽  
Pharmacokinetic Profiles ◽  
Structure Activity ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Relationship Study ◽  
The Eu

Opioids are widely used for pain management in moderate-to-severe pain. However, opioids are associated with adverse events, such as constipation and emesis/vomiting. To reduce these undesired effects, a structure–activity relationship study of morphinan derivatives was conducted, and a promising lead compound with inhibitory effects on opioid receptors was obtained. Further improvement in the potency and pharmacokinetic profiles of the lead compound led to the discovery of naldemedine, which showed anti-constipation and anti-emetic effects against these adverse events that were induced by morphine without influencing morphine’s analgesic effect. Naldemedine was launched in Japan and the USA in 2017 and in the EU in 2019, for treating opioid-induced constipation.

scholarly journals Tuberculosis presenting as dacryoadenitis in the USA

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (11) ◽  
pp. e231694 ◽  
Author(s):  
Harry Ross Powers ◽  
Mark Anthony Diaz ◽  
Julio C Mendez
Keyword(s):  
Correct Diagnosis ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Histopathological Analysis ◽  
Orbital Mass ◽  
Antituberculosis Therapy ◽  
The Usa ◽  
History Of ◽  
Patient’S History ◽  
High Degree ◽  
Filipino Woman

A 25-year-old Filipino woman living in the USA was evaluated for a 5-month history of left eye pain and a subsequent orbital mass. Histopathological analysis of the lacrimal mass showed a mixed inflammatory process with necrotising granulomas and positive cultures for Mycobacterium tuberculosis. She was treated with antituberculosis therapy, with resolution of symptoms. Tuberculosis dacryoadenitis is extremely rare in the USA and other developed countries. It requires a high degree of clinical suspicion with special attention to the patient’s history to make the correct diagnosis. It can be treated successfully with antituberculosis therapy.

scholarly journals Psychological conditions for the prevention of recidivism

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 85-93
Author(s):  
A.V. Sechko
Keyword(s):  
Driving Forces ◽  
Delinquent Behavior ◽  
Stress Factors ◽  
Criminal Prosecution ◽  
Economic Problems ◽  
Psychological Conditions ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Time Parameters ◽  
High Degree

The article analyzes the results of a study of recidivism conducted in England, Denmark, Canada, Nigeria, Portugal, New Zealand, the USA, and Scotland. Objective and subjective determinants have been identified that make it possible to predict with a high degree of probability the subsequent criminal prosecution violation, its time parameters. The psychological portrait of the recidivist is described, stress factors of delinquent behavior are revealed. The driving forces of decriminalization of former criminals are revealed. This is an intensive probationary period under the auspices of mentors who are able to build trusting relationships with parole through consistent, non-judgmental actions with the simultaneous possibility of playing the role of guardians of young people in difficult social and criminal settings in solving their economic problems.

Clonal diversity in overwintering populations of Schizaphis graminum (Homoptera: Aphididae)

1994 ◽  
Vol 84 (1) ◽  
pp. 105-114 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kevin A. Shufran ◽  
Gerald E. Wilde
Keyword(s):  
Total Population ◽  
Intergenic Spacer ◽  
Clonal Diversity ◽  
Population Diversity ◽  
Schizaphis Graminum ◽  
Molecular Fingerprinting ◽  
Intergenic Spacer Region ◽  
The Usa ◽  
High Degree ◽  
Total Diversity

AbstractThe intergenic spacer region of the rRNA cistron was used as a molecular fingerprinting probe to study clonal diversity in Schizaphis graminum (Rondani). A high degree of clonal diversity was found in overwintering populations on wheat from Kansas, Texas and Oklahoma. Out of 184 individuals tested, 132 unique maternal lineages wereidentified. Overall, clonal diversity of overwintering populations was no less than in spring and summer populations. However, in some fields there were more instances where individuals of the same genotype were identified. By partitioning the total population diversity into various sampling components (fields, counties and states), 93.1% of the total diversity was found among individual S. graminum within fields. Overwintering of many genetically distinct clones as parthenogenetic morphs is one mechanism by which clonal diversity is maintained in populations of S. graminum. The incidence of clonal diversity further substantiates the importance of the S. graminum holocycle for generating genetic heterogeneity in the USA.

scholarly journals Comparing Lung Cancer Risks in Sweden, USA, and Japan

ISRN Oncology ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Örjan Hallberg ◽  
Olle Johansson
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Smoking Prevalence ◽  
Risk Function ◽  
Cancer Risks ◽  
The Usa ◽  
New Type ◽  
Cancer Rates ◽  
Reported Data ◽  
High Degree ◽  
Smoking Prevalence And Intensity

Objective. To develop a conceptual model for lung cancer rates to describe and quantify observed differences between Sweden and USA contra Japan. Method. A two-parameter lognormal distribution was used to describe the lung cancer rates over time after a 1-year period of smoking. Based on that risk function in combination with smoking prevalence, the calculated age-standardized rates were adjusted to fit reported data from Japan, Sweden, and the USA by parameter variation. Results. The risk of lung cancer is less in Japan than in Sweden and in the USA at the same smoking prevalence and intensity. Calculated age-specific rates did also fit well to reported rates without further parameter adjustments. Conclusions. This new type of cancer model appears to have high degree of predictive value. It is recommended that data from more countries are studied to identify important life-style factors related to lung cancer.

scholarly journals Comparison of ultrasound-assisted and pure fluoroscopy-guided extracorporeal shockwave lithotripsy for renal stones

BMC Urology ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tsung-Hsin Chang ◽  
Wun-Rong Lin ◽  
Wei-Kung Tsai ◽  
Pai-Kai Chiang ◽  
Marcelo Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Shock Wave ◽  
Renal Stones ◽  
Disintegration Rate ◽  
Stone Size ◽  
Stone Free Rate ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Retreatment Rate ◽  
Ultrasound Assisted ◽  
Localization And Tracking ◽  
Free Rate

Abstract Background In this study, we aimed to compare the efficacy and clinical outcomes of shock wave lithotripsy (SWL) for patients with renal stones using pure fluoroscopy (FS) or ultrasound-assisted (USa) localization with two lithotripters. Methods We retrospectively identified 425 patients with renal calculi who underwent SWL with either a LiteMed LM-9200 ELMA lithotripter (209 cases), which combined ultrasound and fluoroscopic stone targeting or a Medispec EM-1000 lithotripter machine (216 cases), which used fluoroscopy for stone localization and tracking. The patient demographic data, stone-free rates, stone disintegration rates, retreatment rates and complication rates were analyzed. Results The USa group had a significantly higher overall stone-free rate (43.6 vs. 28.2%, p < 0.001) and stone disintegration rate (85.6 vs. 64.3%, p < 0.001), as well as a significantly lower retreatment rate (14.8 vs. 35.6%, p < 0.001) and complication rate (1.9 vs. 5.5%, p = 0.031) compared with the FS group. This superiority remained significant in the stone size < 1 cm stratified group. In the stone size > 1 cm group, the stone-free rate (32.4 vs. 17.8%, p = 0.028), disintegration rate (89.2 vs. 54.8%, p = 0.031) and retreatment rate (21.6 vs. 53.4%, p < 0.001) were still significantly better in the USa group, however there was no significant difference in the complication rate. The most common complication was post-SWL-related flank pain. Conclusion SWL is a safe and non-invasive way of treating renal stones. This study compared two electromagnetic shock wave machines with different stone tracking systems. LiteMed LM-9200 ELMA lithotripter, which combined ultrasound and fluoroscopic stone targeting outperformed Medispec EM-1000 lithotripter, which used fluoroscopy for stone localization and tracking, with better stone-free rates and disintegration rates, as well as lower retreatment rates and complications with possible reduced radiation exposure.

scholarly journals Integrating Linguistic Diversity in Globalized Spanglish Communities

2018 ◽  
Vol 50 ◽  
pp. 01156
Author(s):  
Marina Yu. Semenova
Keyword(s):  
Latin America ◽  
Linguistic Diversity ◽  
International Communication ◽  
Standard English ◽  
Linguistic Features ◽  
Diverse Society ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Huge Impact ◽  
High Degree ◽  
Language Type

Globalization comprises a complex range of various processes and has a huge impact on many spheres of life, including languages and dialects. The paper analyzes linguistic phenomena caused by globalization which have resulted in a new language type which can be denoted as ‘poststandard languages’. English being a means of international communication has entered many standard language systems causing an extensive use of English loanwords and pseudo-English elements combined with a wordplay. This anglicalization results in two or more languages merging into a new poststandard language, a common means of communication in a multilingual diverse society. One of the most vivid examples is Spanglish, an English-Spanish merge in the USA and Latin America. It is characterized by a high degree of substrata merging and diversity levelling. Thus the article analyzes the identity of Spanglish speakers as well as linguistic features and functions of such ‘Glishes’ which differentiate them from standard English and Spanish.

Body Dysmorphic Disorder

1996 ◽  
Vol 169 (2) ◽  
pp. 196-201 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Veale ◽  
Ann Boocock ◽  
Kevin Gournay ◽  
Windy Dryden ◽  
Fozia Shah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Dysmorphic Disorder ◽  
Suicide Attempts ◽  
Age At Onset ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Primary Disorder ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Axis I ◽  
High Degree

BackgroundBody dysmorphic disorder (BDD) consists of a preoccupation with an ‘imagined’ defect in appearance which causes significant distress or impairment in functioning. There has been little previous research into BDD. This study replicates a survey from the USA in a UK population and evaluates specific measures of BDD.MethodCross-sectional interview survey of 50 patients who satisfied DSM–IV criteria for BDD as their primary disorder.ResultsThe average age at onset was late adolescence and a large proportion of patients were either single or divorced. Three-quarters of the sample were female. There was a high degree of comorbidity with the most common additional Axis I diagnosis being either a mood disorder (26%), social phobia (16%) or obsessive–compulsive disorder (6%). Twenty-four per cent had made a suicide attempt in the past. Personality disorders were present in 72% of patients, the most common being paranoid, avoidant and obsessive–compulsive.ConclusionsBDD patients had a high associated comorbidity and previous suicide attempts. BDD is a chronic handicapping disorder and patients are not being adequately identified or treated by health professionals.

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