scholarly journals Occurrence of Pseudomonas spp. in Raw Vegetables: Molecular and Phenotypical Analysis of Their Antimicrobial Resistance and Virulence-Related Traits

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (23) ◽  
pp. 12626
Author(s):  
Lidia Ruiz-Roldán ◽  
Beatriz Rojo-Bezares ◽  
Carmen Lozano ◽  
María López ◽  
Gabriela Chichón ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Insertion Sequence ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Pulsed Field Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Plant Diseases ◽  
Resistant Isolate ◽  
Ecological Niches ◽  
Great Capacity ◽  
Pseudomonas Spp ◽  
Sequence Types

Pseudomonas is characterized by its great capacity to colonize different ecological niches, but also by its antimicrobial resistance and pathogenicity, causing human, animal, or plant diseases. Raw and undercooked food is a potential carrier of foodborne disease. The aim of this study was to determine the occurrence of Pseudomonas spp. among raw vegetables, analysing their antimicrobial resistance, virulence, and molecular typing. A total of 163 Pseudomonas spp. isolates (12 different species) were recovered from 77 of the 145 analysed samples (53.1%) and were classified into 139 different pulsed-field gel electrophoresis patterns. Low antimicrobial resistance levels, but one multidrug-resistant isolate, were found. Among the 37 recovered P. aeruginosa strains, 28 sequence-types and nine serotypes were detected. Eleven OprD patterns and an insertion sequence (ISPa1635) truncating the oprD gene of one imipenem-resistant strain were found. Ten virulotypes were observed, including four exoU-positive and thirty-one exoS-positive strains. The lasR gene was absent in three ST155 strains and was truncated by different insertion sequences (ISPre2, IS1411, and ISPst7) in other three strains. High biofilm, motility, pigment, elastase, and rhamnolipid production were detected. Our study demonstrated a low occurrence of P. aeruginosa (18%) and low antimicrobial resistance, but a high number of virulence-related traits in these P. aeruginosa strains, highlighting their pathological importance.

scholarly journals Genome Sequence of Resistant Serratia sp. Strain HRI, Isolated from a Bottle of Didecyldimethylammonium Chloride-Based Disinfectant

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (18) ◽  
Author(s):  
Samantha J. Mc Carlie ◽  
Julius E. Hellmuth ◽  
Jeffrey Newman ◽  
Charlotte E. Boucher ◽  
Robert R. Bragg
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Genome Sequence ◽  
Bacterial Infections ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Whole Genome Sequence ◽  
Resistant Isolate ◽  
Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Hybrid Assembly ◽  
Pacbio Sequencing ◽  
Didecyldimethylammonium Chloride

Antimicrobial resistance is a significant issue, and it threatens the prevention and effective treatment of a range of bacterial infections. Here, we report the whole-genome sequence of the multidrug-resistant isolate Serratia sp. strain HRI. A hybrid assembly was created using sequences from a first (MiSeq) and second (PacBio) sequencing run. This work is imperative for understanding antimicrobial resistance and adds to the knowledge base for combating multidrug-resistant bacteria.

scholarly journals Distribution and Antimicrobial Resistance of Salmonella Isolated from Pigs with Diarrhea in China

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 117 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jin-Hui Su ◽  
Yao-Hong Zhu ◽  
Tian-Yi Ren ◽  
Liang Guo ◽  
Gui-Yan Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Metal Tolerance ◽  
Heavy Metal Tolerance ◽  
Clonal Expansion ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
High Similarity ◽  
Enteric Diseases ◽  
Antimicrobial Resistance Genes ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Sequence Types

Salmonella can cause enteric diseases in humans and a wide range of animals, and even outbreaks of foodborne illness. The aim of this study was to investigate the frequency and distribution of serovars, and antimicrobial resistance in Salmonella isolates from pigs with diarrhea in 26 provinces in China from 2014 to 2016. A total of 104 Salmonella isolates were identified and the dominant serovar was S. 4,[5],12:i:- (53.9%). All Salmonella isolates were resistant to trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, and many were resistant to ampicillin (80.8%) and tetracycline (76.9%). Among 104 Salmonella isolates, aac(6′)-Ib-cr was the dominant plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance gene (80.8%), followed by qnrS (47.1%). The pulsed-field gel electrophoresis results suggest that the Salmonella isolates from different regions were genetically diverse, and ST34 was the most prevalent. S. 4,[5],12:i:- isolates is the widespread presence of heavy metal tolerance genes. The fact that the same sequence types were found in different regions and the high similarity coefficient of S. 4,[5],12:i:- isolates from different regions indicate the clonal expansion of the isolates, and the isolates carried various antimicrobial resistance genes. The multidrug resistant Salmonella can be widely detected in pigs, which will present a challenge for farm husbandry.

Characterization and Antimicrobial Resistance of Salmonella Typhimurium Isolates from Clinically Diseased Pigs in Korea

2016 ◽  
Vol 79 (11) ◽  
pp. 1884-1890 ◽  
Author(s):  
SANG-IK OH ◽  
JONG WAN KIM ◽  
MYEONGJU CHAE ◽  
JI-A JUNG ◽  
BYUNGJAE SO ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Salmonella Typhimurium ◽  
Resistance Genes ◽  
Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Salmonella Enteritidis ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Pulsed Field Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Pulsed Field ◽  
Antimicrobial Resistance Genes

ABSTRACT This study investigated the prevalence of Salmonella enterica serovar and antimicrobial resistance in Salmonella Typhimurium isolates from clinically diseased pigs collected from 2008 to 2014 in Korea. Isolates were also characterized according to the presence of antimicrobial resistance genes and pulsed-field gel electrophoresis patterns. Among 94 Salmonella isolates, 81 (86.2%) were identified as being of the Salmonella Typhimurium serotype, followed by Salmonella Derby (6 of 94, 6.4%), Salmonella 4,[5],12:i:− (4 of 94, 4.3%), Salmonella Enteritidis (2 of 94, 2.1%), and Salmonella Brandenburg (1 of 94, 1.1%). The majority of Salmonella Typhimurium isolates were resistant to tetracycline (92.6%), followed by streptomycin (88.9%) and ampicillin (80.2%). Overall, 96.3% of Salmonella Typhimurium isolates showed multidrug-resistant phenotypes and commonly harbored the resistance genes blaTEM (64.9%), flo (32.8%), aadA (55.3%), strA (58.5%), strB (58.5%), sulII (53.2%), and tetA (61.7%). The pulsed-field gel electrophoresis analysis of 45 Salmonella Typhimurium isolates from individual farms revealed 27 distinct patterns that formed one major and two minor clusters in the dendrogram analysis, suggesting that most of the isolates (91.1%) from diseased pigs were genetically related. These findings can assist veterinarians in the selection of appropriate antimicrobial agents to combat Salmonella Typhimurium infections in pigs. Furthermore, they highlight the importance of continuous surveillance of antimicrobial resistance and genetic status in Salmonella Typhimurium for the detection of emerging resistance trends.

scholarly journals Antimicrobial Resistance and Genomic Characterization of Six New Sequence Types in Multidrug-Resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa Clinical Isolates from Pakistan

Antibiotics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 1386
Author(s):  
Sidra Irum ◽  
Kanwal Naz ◽  
Nimat Ullah ◽  
Zeeshan Mustafa ◽  
Amjad Ali ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Bacterial Pathogen ◽  
Housekeeping Genes ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Close Monitoring ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Healthcare Facilities ◽  
Sequence Types

Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P. aeruginosa) is a major bacterial pathogen associated with a variety of infections with high mortality rates. Most of the clinical P. aeruginosa isolates belong to a limited number of genetic subgroups characterized by multiple housekeeping genes’ sequences (usually 5–7) through the Multi-Locus Sequence Typing (MLST) scheme. The emergence and dissemination of novel multidrug-resistant (MDR) sequence types (ST) in P. aeruginosa pose serious clinical concerns. We performed whole-genome sequencing on a cohort (n = 160) of MDR P. aeruginosa isolates collected from a tertiary care hospital lab in Pakistan and found six isolates belonging to six unique MLST allelic profiles. The genomes were submitted to the PubMLST database and new ST numbers (ST3493, ST3494, ST3472, ST3489, ST3491, and ST3492) were assigned to the respective allele combinations. MLST and core-genome-based phylogenetic analysis confirmed the divergence of these isolates and positioned them in separate branches. Analysis of the resistome of the new STs isolates revealed the presence of genes blaOXA-50, blaPAO, blaPDC, blaVIM-2, aph(3′)-IIb, aac(6′)-II, aac(3)-Id, fosA, catB7, dfrB2, crpP, merP and a number of missense and frame-shift mutations in chromosomal genes conferring resistance to various antipseudomonal antibiotics. The exoS, exoT, pvdE, rhlI, rhlR, lasA, lasB, lasI, and lasR genes were the most prevalent virulence-related genes among the new ST isolates. The different genotypic features revealed the adaptation of these new clones to a variety of infections by various mutations in genes affecting antimicrobial resistance, quorum sensing and biofilm formation. Close monitoring of these antibiotic-resistant pathogens and surveillance mechanisms needs to be adopted to reduce their spread to the healthcare facilities of Pakistan. We believe that these strains can be used as reference strains for future comparative analysis of isolates belonging to the same STs.

scholarly journals Contribution of AvianSalmonella entericaIsolates to Human Salmonellosis Cases in Constantine (Algeria)

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rachid Elgroud ◽  
Sophie A. Granier ◽  
Muriel Marault ◽  
Annaëlle Kerouanton ◽  
Abdesslem Lezzar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Insertion Sequence ◽  
Pulsed Field Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Epidemiological Investigation ◽  
Enterobacterial Repetitive Intergenic Consensus ◽  
Pulsed Field ◽  
Human Salmonellosis ◽  
Single Clone

An epidemiological investigation was carried out on one hundredSalmonellaisolates from broiler farms, slaughterhouses, and human patients in the Constantine region of Algeria, in order to explore the contribution of avian strains to human salmonellosis cases in this region over the same period of time. The isolates were characterized by phenotypic as well as genotypic methods. A large variety of antimicrobial resistance profiles was found among human isolates, while only seven profiles were found among avian isolates. Enterobacterial Repetitive Intergenic Consensus-PCR (ERIC-PCR), Insertion Sequence200-PCR (IS200-PCR), and Pulsed Field Gel Electrophoresis (PFGE) resulted in the allocation of the isolates to 16, 20, and 34 different profiles, respectively. The 3 genotyping methods led to complementary results by underlining the clonality of some serovars with the diffusion and persistence of a single clone in the Constantine area as well as stressing the polymorphism present in isolates belonging to other serovars, indicating the diversity of potential reservoirs of nontyphoidalSalmonella. Altogether, our results seem to indicate that nontyphoidal avianSalmonellamay play an important role in human salmonellosis in the Constantine region.

scholarly journals Molecular and Clinical Characterization of Multidrug-Resistant and Hypervirulent Klebsiella pneumoniae Strains from Liver Abscess in Taiwan

2020 ◽  
Vol 64 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yi-Tsung Lin ◽  
Yi-Hsiang Cheng ◽  
Chien Chuang ◽  
Sheng-Hua Chou ◽  
Wan-Hsin Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Klebsiella Pneumoniae ◽  
Liver Abscess ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Resistance Mechanisms ◽  
Virulence Plasmid ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Sequence Types

ABSTRACT Hypervirulent Klebsiella pneumoniae strains are the major cause of liver abscesses throughout East Asia, and these strains are usually antibiotic susceptible. Recently, multidrug-resistant and hypervirulent (MDR-HV) K. pneumoniae strains have emerged due to hypervirulent strains acquiring antimicrobial resistance determinants or the transfer of a virulence plasmid into a classic MDR strain. In this study, we characterized the clinical and microbiological properties of K. pneumoniae liver abscess (KPLA) caused by MDR-HV strains in Taiwan. Patients with community onset KPLA were retrospectively identified at Taipei Veterans General Hospital during January 2013 to May 2018. Antimicrobial resistance mechanisms, capsular types, and sequence types were determined. MDR-HV strains and their parental antimicrobial-susceptible strains further underwent whole-genome sequencing (WGS) and in vivo mice lethality tests. Thirteen MDR-HV strains were identified from a total of 218 KPLA episodes. MDR-HV strains resulted in similar outcomes to antimicrobial-susceptible strains. All MDR-HV strains were traditional hypervirulent clones carrying virulence capsular types. The major resistance mechanisms were the overexpression of efflux pumps and/or the acquisition of ESBL or AmpC β-lactamase genes. WGS revealed that two hypervirulent strains had evolved to an MDR phenotype due to mutation in the ramR gene and the acquisition of an SHV-12-bearing plasmid, respectively. Both these MDR-HV strains retained high virulence compared to their parental strains. The spread of MDR-HV K. pneumoniae strains in the community raises significant public concerns, and measures should be taken to prevent the further acquisition of carbapenemase and other resistance genes among these strains in order to avoid the occurrence of untreatable KPLA.

scholarly journals Molecular epidemiological typing within the European Gonococcal Antimicrobial Resistance Surveillance Programme reveals predominance of a multidrug-resistant clone

2013 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
S A Chisholm ◽  
M Unemo ◽  
N Quaye ◽  
E Johansson ◽  
M J Cole ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Resistant Clone ◽  
Epidemiological Typing ◽  
Surveillance Programme ◽  
Antimicrobial Surveillance ◽  
Ciprofloxacin Resistance ◽  
Susceptibility And Resistance ◽  
Third Generation Cephalosporins ◽  
Sequence Types

Treatment of gonorrhoea is threatened by antimicrobial resistance, and decreased susceptibility and resistance to recommended therapies is emerging in Europe. Current associations between resistance and molecular type remain poorly understood. Gonococcal isolates (n=1,066) collected for the 2009 and 2010 European Gonococcal Antimicrobial Surveillance Programme were typed by Neisseria gonorrhoeae multi-antigen sequence typing (NG-MAST). A total of 406 sequence types (STs) were identified, 125 of which occurred in ≥two isolates. Seven major genogroups of closely related STs (varying by ≤1% at just one of the two target loci) were defined. Genogroup 1407 (G1407), observed in 20/21 countries and predominant in 13/21 countries, accounted for 23% of all isolates and was associated with decreased susceptibility to cefixime and resistance to ciprofloxacin and raised minimum inhibitory concentrations for ceftriaxone and azithromycin. Genogroup 225 (G225), associated with ciprofloxacin resistance, was observed in 10% of isolates from 19/21 countries. None of the other genogroups were associated with antimicrobial resistance. The predominance of a multidrug-resistant clone (G1407) in Europe is worrying given the recent reports of recommended third generation cephalosporins failing to treat infections with this clone. Identifying associations between ST and antimicrobial resistance aids the understanding of the dissemination of resistant clones within a population and could facilitate development of targeted intervention strategies.

scholarly journals Lineage, Antimicrobial Resistance and Virulence of Citrobacter spp

Pathogens ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 195
Author(s):  
Liyun Liu ◽  
Liyun Qin ◽  
Shuai Hao ◽  
Ruiting Lan ◽  
Baohong Xu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Susceptibility Testing ◽  
Severe Disease ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Human Pathogens ◽  
Lineage Iv ◽  
Sequence Types ◽  
Virulence Properties ◽  
New Alleles

Citrobacter spp. are opportunistic human pathogens which can cause nosocomial infections, sporadic infections and outbreaks. In order to determine the genetic diversity, in vitro virulence properties and antimicrobial resistance profiles of Citrobacter spp., 128 Citrobacter isolates obtained from human diarrheal patients, foods and environment were assessed by multilocus sequence typing (MLST), antimicrobial susceptibility testing and adhesion and cytotoxicity testing to HEp-2 cells. The 128 Citrobacter isolates were typed into 123 sequence types (STs) of which 101 were novel STs, and these STs were divided into five lineages. Lineages I and II contained C. freundii isolates; Lineage III contained all C. braakii isolates, while Lineage IV and V contained C. youngae isolates. Lineages II and V contained more adhesive and cytotoxic isolates than Lineages I, III, and IV. Fifty-one of the 128 isolates were found to be multidrug-resistant (MDR, ≥3) and mainly distributed in Lineages I, II, and III. The prevalence of quinolone resistance varied with Lineage III (C. braakii) having the highest proportion of resistant isolates (52.6%), followed by Lineage I (C. freundii) with 23.7%. Seven qnrB variants, including two new alleles (qnrB93 and qnrB94) were found with Lineage I being the main reservoir. In summary, highly cytotoxic MDR isolates from diarrheal patients may increase the risk of severe disease.

scholarly journals Distribution of carbapenem resistance determinants among epidemic and non-epidemic types of Acinetobacter species in Japan

2014 ◽  
Vol 63 (6) ◽  
pp. 870-877 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mari Matsui ◽  
Satowa Suzuki ◽  
Kunikazu Yamane ◽  
Masato Suzuki ◽  
Toshifumi Konda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Bacterial Species ◽  
Carbapenem Resistance ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
The Other ◽  
Fluoroquinolone Resistance ◽  
Pasteur Institute ◽  
Acinetobacter Species ◽  
Resistance Determinants ◽  
Sequence Types

We performed a comparative molecular analysis on three types of clinically isolated Acinetobacter spp.: epidemic sequence types (STs) of Acinetobacter baumannii (epidemic ST-AB), non-epidemic sequence types of A. baumannii (non-epidemic ST-AB) and non-baumannii Acinetobacter spp. A total of 87 isolates – 46 A. baumannii, 25 A. pittii and 16 A. nosocomialis – from 43 hospitals were analysed. Of these, 31 A. baumannii isolates were ST1 or ST2 according to the Pasteur Institute multilocus sequence typing scheme and were defined as epidemic ST-AB. The other 15 A. baumannii isolates were defined as non-epidemic ST-AB. The epidemic ST-AB isolates harboured the bla OXA-23-like gene or had an ISAba1 element upstream of bla OXA-51-like, or both, whereas non-epidemic ST-AB and non-baumannii Acinetobacter spp. isolates harboured bla OXA-58-like or metallo-β-lactamase genes, or both. The proportion of multidrug-resistant isolates was significantly higher in the epidemic ST-AB isolates (48 %) than that in the other types of Acinetobacter isolates (5 %) (P<0.05). In addition, epidemic ST-AB isolates exhibited a relatively higher proportion of fluoroquinolone resistance. We demonstrated that, in terms of genotypes and phenotypes of antimicrobial resistance, non-epidemic ST-AB isolates shared more similarity with non-baumannii Acinetobacter spp. isolates than with epidemic ST-AB isolates, regardless of bacterial species. In addition, this study revealed that, even in Japan, where IMP-type metallo-β-lactamase producers are endemic, epidemic ST-AB harbouring bla IMP have not yet emerged.

scholarly journals Clonal Diversity and Antimicrobial Resistance of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus pseudintermedius Isolated from Canine Pyoderma

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 482
Author(s):  
Vanessa Silva ◽  
Ana Oliveira ◽  
Vera Manageiro ◽  
Manuela Caniça ◽  
Diogo Contente ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Animal Health ◽  
Clonal Diversity ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Staphylococcus Pseudintermedius ◽  
Methicillin Resistant ◽  
Genetic Lineages ◽  
Sequence Types

The emergence of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus pseudintermedius (MRSP) antimicrobial resistance and epidemic genetic lineages is posing a challenge in veterinary medicine due to the limited therapeutical options. MRSP has been identified as an important canine pyoderma pathogen. Thus, we aimed to characterize the antimicrobial resistance and clonal lineages of MRSP isolated from canine cutaneous pyoderma. Thirty-one MRSP isolates recovered from pyoderma were further characterized. The antimicrobial susceptibility testing of the isolates was performed by the Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion method against 14 antimicrobial agents. The presence of antimicrobial and virulence genes was carried out by PCR. Multilocus sequence typing was performed in all isolates. All strains had a multidrug-resistant profile showing resistance mainly to penicillin, macrolides and lincosamides, aminoglycosides, tetracycline and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, which was encoded by the blaZ, ermB, msr(A/B), aac(6′)-Ie-aph(2′′)-Ia, aph(3′)-IIIa, ant(4′)-Ia, tetM, tetK and dfrG genes. All isolates harbored the lukS-I/lukF-I virulence factors. Isolates were ascribed to nine previously described sequence types (STs): ST123, ST339, ST727, ST71, ST537, ST45, ST1029, ST118 and ST1468; and to five STs first described in this study: ST2024, ST2025, ST2026, ST2027 and ST2028. In this study, most isolates belonged to ST123 (n = 16), which belongs to CC71 and is the most common clone in Europe. All isolates were multidrug-resistant, which may impose a serious threat to animal health.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document