scholarly journals Physical Activity, Sedentary Behavior and Sleep Time:Association with Cardiovascular Hemodynamic Parameters, Blood Pressure and Structural and Functional Arterial Properties in Childhood

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. 62
Author(s):  
Mariana Gómez-García ◽  
Daniel Bia ◽  
Yanina Zócalo
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Arterial Stiffness ◽  
Sedentary Behavior ◽  
Structural Characteristics ◽  
Structural Parameters ◽  
Movement Behavior ◽  
Linear Regression Models ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Z Scores

An association between movement behavior (MB) components (sleep time (ST), physical activity (PA) and sedentary behavior (SB)) and the state of the cardiovascular (CV) system in children has been postulated. However, it is still controversial whether MB components and/or sub-components (domains) during childhood are independently associated with aortic and peripheral blood pressure (BP), and structural or functional arterial properties. Aims: (1) to evaluate MB components and subcomponents associations with CV characteristics, (2) to analyze the explanatory capacity of interindividual variations in MB on CV properties inter-individual variations at the beginning of school age. Methods: Anthropometric, aortic and peripheral BP, hemodynamic levels (cardiac output, systemic vascular resistances), wave reflection indexes, and arterial structural (diameter, intima–media thickness) and functional (blood flow velocities, Doppler-indexes, local and regional arterial stiffness) parameters of elastic (carotids), transitional (brachial) and muscular (femoral) arteries and time spent in MB (PA questionnaires) were assessed in 816 children (5–6 years). Cardiovascular variables were standardized (z-scores), using age- and sex-related mean values and standard deviations obtained from subjects non-exposed to CV risk factors (CRFs) and who complied with 24 h MB recommendations (reference subgroup). Multiple linear regression models were constructed considering the CV z-scores as dependent variables and CRFs and MB components and subcomponents as independent variables. Results: CV variables showed independent association with MB variations. However, their explanatory capacity on CV characteristics was lesser than that of anthropometric indexes, sex and/or high BP. Conclusions: MB components and sub-components were associated with CV characteristics regardless of other factors, but their capacity to explain variations was lesser than that of anthropometric data, sex or high BP state. MB subcomponents (e.g., sedentary play and screen time in case of SB) showed different (even opposite) associations with CV parameters. ST was associated mainly with indexes of the ventricle ejective function, rather than with CV structural characteristics. SB component and subcomponents were associated with BP, but not with structural parameters. PA component and subcomponents were associated with both BP and structural parameters. The different arterial types, as well central and peripheral parameters showed independent associations with MB components and subcomponents. None of these were independently associated with arterial stiffness.

Abstract P311: Occupational Physical Activity and Cardiovascular Risk Profile Among the Adult Population of the Southern Cone of Latin America

Circulation ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 135 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rosana Poggio ◽  
Laura Gutierrez ◽  
Vilma Irazola ◽  
Natalia Elorriaga ◽  
Adolfo Rubinstein
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Risk Profile ◽  
University Education ◽  
Linear Regression Models ◽  
C Reactive Protein ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Reactive Protein ◽  
Sedentary Activities

Introduction: There are no published data in relation to this topic at population level from the Southern Cone of Latin America. Hence, we assessed the hypothesis that higher levels of occupational PA will be associated with lower plasma levels of lipoproteins, apolipoproteins, C reactive protein, blood pressure and lower body mass index (BMI) compared to those of the subjects who performed sedentary activities at work Methods: The CESCAS I study is a population-based prospective cohort study with a 4-stage stratified sampling of a general population from four mid-sized cities in Argentina, Chile and Uruguay. PA was assessed using the International Physical Activity Questionnaire long form. We expressed the total PA score per week as total metabolic equivalent per minutes per week. To test univariate associations between tertiles (T) of occupational PA and continuous variables we used simple linear regression models and chi-square test for categorical variables. The changes in crude and adjusted means of systolic and diastolic blood pressure, BMI, lipoproteins, C reactive protein and apolipoproteins AI and B were tested using multivariate linear regression models Results: The working population consisted in 1,868 men and 1,672 women. In men, T3 compared to T1 (reference category) showed lower prevalence of university education (12.4% vs. 26.9 %; p 0.001 (90 and 235 of 1,868, respectively)), obesity or overweight (76.0% vs. 82.9 %; p 0.001 (553 and 724 of 1,868, respectively)) and higher prevalence of active transportation (60.2 vs. 51.9%; p 0.002 (453 and 439 of 1,868, respectively)). In multivariate analysis, T2 vs. T1 showed a reduction of BMI (mean adjusted difference -1.0; p 0.001), systolic blood pressure (-2.5 mmHg; p 0.027), glycemia (-3.9 mg/dL; p 0.024), triglycerides (-32.0 mg/dL; p 0.003) and higher mean values of high density lipoprotein (HDL) (2.5 mg/dL; p 0.002) and apolipoprotein AI (13.7 mg/dL; p 0.002). When compared, T3 vs. T1 only showed lower mean values of BMI and triglycerides and higher values of HDL but with a lower magnitude. In women, T3 compared to T1 showed lower prevalence of university education (20.4 vs. 29.5%; p 0.001), lower sleep hours (7.4 vs. 7.7; p 0.007) and higher prevalence of major depressive episode (16.9 vs. 11.5; p 0.003). In multivariate analysis, T3 compared to T1 showed higher levels of HDL (mean adjusted difference 2.0 mg/dL; p 0.025) Conclusions: Moderate or high physical activity at work was not associated with an increased cardiovascular risk profile. On the contrary, the results showed that this population would have a lower cardiovascular risk, especially in those who perform moderate intensity activities compared to those performing sedentary activities. The lack of associations in woman could be related to a better baseline risk profile and the higher prevalence of active transportation in all categories of occupational PA compared to men

scholarly journals Association between Objectively Measured Physical Activity and Arterial Stiffness in Children with Congenital Heart Disease

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (15) ◽  
pp. 3266
Author(s):  
Laura Willinger ◽  
Leon Brudy ◽  
Renate Oberhoffer-Fritz ◽  
Peter Ewert ◽  
Jan Müller
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Congenital Heart Disease ◽  
Heart Disease ◽  
Arterial Stiffness ◽  
Systolic Blood Pressure ◽  
Congenital Heart ◽  
Z Score ◽  
Objectively Measured

Background: The association between physical activity (PA) and arterial stiffness is particularly important in children with congenital heart disease (CHD) who are at risk for arterial stiffening. The aim of this study was to examine the association between objectively measured PA and arterial stiffness in children and adolescents with CHD. Methods: In 387 children and adolescents with various CHD (12.2 ± 3.3 years; 162 girls) moderate-to-vigorous PA (MVPA) was assessed with the “Garmin vivofit jr.” for 7 consecutive days. Arterial stiffness parameters including pulse wave velocity (PWV) and central systolic blood pressure (cSBP) were non-invasively assessed by oscillometric measurement via Mobil-O-Graph®. Results: MVPA was not associated with PWV (ß = −0.025, p = 0.446) and cSBP (ß = −0.020, p = 0.552) in children with CHD after adjusting for age, sex, BMI z-score, peripheral systolic blood pressure, heart rate and hypertensive agents. Children with CHD were remarkably active with 80% of the study population reaching the WHO recommendation of average 60 min of MVPA per day. Arterial stiffness did not differ between low-active and high-active CHD group after adjusting for age, sex, BMI z-score, peripheral systolic blood pressure, heart rate and hypertensive agents (PWV: F = 0.530, p = 0.467; cSBP: F = 0.843, p = 0.359). Conclusion: In this active cohort, no association between PA and arterial stiffness was found. Longer exposure to the respective risk factors of physical inactivity might be necessary to determine an impact of PA on the vascular system.

scholarly journals Sedentary Behavior and Light Physical Activity Are Associated with Brachial and Central Blood Pressure in Hypertensive Patients

PLoS ONE ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. e0146078 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aline M. Gerage ◽  
Tania R. B. Benedetti ◽  
Breno Q. Farah ◽  
Fábio da S. Santana ◽  
David Ohara ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Sedentary Behavior ◽  
Central Blood Pressure ◽  
Light Physical Activity ◽  
Hypertensive Patients

scholarly journals Age and body mass index affect fit of spirometry GLI references in schoolchildren

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rebeca Mozun ◽  
Cristina Ardura-Garcia ◽  
Eva S. L. Pedersen ◽  
Jakob Usemann ◽  
Florian Singer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Lung Function ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Clinical Decision Making ◽  
Clinical Care ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Linear Regression Models ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Z Scores

AbstractBackgroundReferences from the Global Lung Function Initiative (GLI) are widely used to interpret children’s spirometry results. We assessed fit for healthy schoolchildren.MethodsLuftiBus in the school (LUIS) is a population-based cross-sectional study done from 2013-2016 in the canton of Zurich, Switzerland. Parents and children aged 6-17 years answered questionnaires about respiratory symptoms and lifestyle. Children underwent spirometry in a mobile lung function lab. We calculated GLI-based z-scores for FEV1, FVC, FEV1/FVC, and FEF25-75 for healthy White participants. We defined appropriate fit to GLI references by mean values ±0.5 z-scores. We assessed if fit varied by age, body mass index, height, and sex using linear regression models.ResultsWe analysed data from 2036 children with valid FEV1 measurements of which 1762 also had valid FVC measurements. The median age was 12.2 years. Fit was appropriate for children aged 6-11 years for all indices. In adolescents aged 12-17 years, fit was appropriate for FEV1/FVC (mean: -0.09; SD: 1.02) z-scores, but not for FEV1 (mean: -0.62; SD: 0.98), FVC (mean: -0.60; SD: 0.98), and FEF25-75 (mean: -0.54; SD: 1.02). FEV1, FVC, and FEF25-75 z-scores fitted better in children considered overweight (means: -0.25, -0.13, -0.38) than normal weight (means: -0.55, -0.50, -0.55; p-trend: <0.001, 0.014, <0.001). FEV1, FVC, and FEF25-75 z-scores depended on both age and height (p interaction: 0.034, 0.019, <0.01).ConclusionGLI-based FEV1, FVC, and FEF25-75 z-scores do not fit White Swiss adolescents well. This should be considered when using reference equations for clinical decision making, research and international comparison.Take home messageOur study suggests GLI-based FEV1, FVC, and FEF25-75 z-scores over detect abnormal lung function in Swiss adolescents, and more so among slimmer adolescents, which has important implications for clinical care, research, and international comparisons.

Abstract P231: Physical Activity and Sedentary Behavior Trajectories During Pregnancy and Postpartum Blood Pressure

Circulation ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 141 (Suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Abbi Lane-Cordova ◽  
Melissa Jones ◽  
Janet M Catov ◽  
Bethany Barone Gibbs
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Sedentary Behavior ◽  
Latent Class ◽  
Vigorous Physical Activity ◽  
Clinic Visit ◽  
Singleton Pregnancy ◽  
Group Assignment ◽  
Pregnancy And Postpartum ◽  
Adjusted Model

Background: Pregnancy influences longer-term vascular health for women. Moderate-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) and sedentary behavior (SED) have been associated with blood pressure (BP) in non-pregnant adults. Self-reported pregnancy MVPA has been associated with less risk of hypertension during pregnancy, but associations of MVPA and SED patterns during pregnancy and postpartum BP have not been investigated. Methods: MVPA and SED were measured objectively in women in each trimester of a singleton pregnancy using triaxial and positional accelerometers and defined using established cut points. Systolic and diastolic BP obtained at the 6-week postpartum clinic visit were abstracted from medical charts. Latent class trajectory modeling was used to assign women to one of three MVPA and SED trajectory groups: low, medium, and high. Kruskal-Wallis tests were used to evaluate differences in systolic and diastolic BP between trajectory groups and linear regression was used to test for associations of MVPA and SED trajectory group assignment with BP. Adjustment variables included age, race, and postpartum BMI. Results: Of the 101 women in the study, 23 were African American, mean age = 31±0.5 years and mean postpartum BMI = 27.6±0.7 kg/m 2 . Mean postpartum systolic and diastolic BP were 114±1 and 71±1 mmHg. Systolic BP was similar among MVPA and SED trajectory groups. Diastolic BP differed between MVPA (low: 76±2, medium: 70±1, high: 70±2 mmHg, p<0.05) and SED (low: 71±3, medium: 69±1, high: 74±1, p<0.05) trajectory groups. In adjusted analyses, SED, but not MVPA, trajectory assignment was significantly associated with postpartum diastolic BP, b=3.1, 95% CI: 0.6, 5.6, p<0.02. Compared to the low SED trajectory, assignment to the high SED trajectory was associated with 4.9 (95% CI: -0.2, 10.0) mmHg higher diastolic BP in the adjusted model. Conclusions: SED trajectory across three trimesters of pregnancy was associated with postpartum diastolic BP, even after accounting for biologic covariates and MVPA. Results suggest avoiding high SED during pregnancy might help improve diastolic BP after delivery.

scholarly journals Association of built environment with physical activity and health among Chinese women living in Xi'an

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuliang Sun ◽  
Chunzhen He ◽  
Zhiwei Cheng ◽  
Jianyu Hou ◽  
Fangjun Sun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Built Environment ◽  
Traffic Safety ◽  
Chinese Women ◽  
Neighborhood Environment ◽  
Residential Density ◽  
Linear Regression Models ◽  
Fat Percentage ◽  
Negatively Associated

Abstract Background: The built environment (BE) has been proved to be the factors affecting physical activity(PA) and health level of residents. The aim of this study was to analyze the association of BE with PA and health of Chinese women living in Lianhu District, Xi 'an. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 202 Chinese women aged 15-69 years old. The International Physical Activity Questionnaire-long version (IPAQ-L) was used to evaluate PA. BE was measured by the Neighborhood Environment Walkability Scale - Abbreviated (NEWS-A). General linear regression models were created to assess the relationship among BE, PA and health related variables, including body mass index (BMI), body fat percentage (BFP), systolic blood pressure (SBP), and diastolic blood pressure(DBP). All the models were controlled for age. Results: Transportation PA were negatively associated with residential density( P <0.05). No significant correlation was found between BE and leisure time PA( P >0.05). In the High-PA group, traffic safety was positively correlated with BFP ( P <0.05). In the Moderate-PA group, traffic safety was positively correlated with SP, land use mix access was negative associated with DP ( P <0.05). No significance was found in other aspects ( P >0.05). Conclusion: The results suggest BE is related to the level of PA and health of Chinese women in living in Xi’an. Higher residential density was negatively associated with transportation PA and BMI, while traffic safety is positively correlated with BFP. The associations between BE and health were mixed in different PA groups. Further research is necessary to dig out the exact impact of BE on PA and health in this population.

scholarly journals GRADE-ADOLOPMENT Process to Develop 24-Hour Movement Behavior Recommendations and Physical Activity Guidelines for the Under 5s in the United Kingdom, 2019

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 101-108 ◽  
Author(s):  
John J. Reilly ◽  
Adrienne R. Hughes ◽  
Xanne Janssen ◽  
Kathryn R. Hesketh ◽  
Sonia Livingstone ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Sedentary Behavior ◽  
Sedentary Time ◽  
De Novo ◽  
Movement Behavior ◽  
Physical Activity Guidelines ◽  
Assessment Development ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
The Uk ◽  
First Time

Background: This article summarizes the approach taken to develop UK Chief Medical Officers’ physical activity guidelines for the Under 5s, 2019. Methods: The Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE)-Adaptation, Adoption, De Novo Development (ADOLOPMENT) approach was used, based on the guidelines from Canada and Australia, with evidence updated to February 2018. Recommendations were based on the associations between (1) time spent in sleep, sedentary time, physical activity, and 10 health outcomes and (2) time spent in physical activity and sedentary behavior on sleep outcomes (duration and latency). Results: For many outcomes, more time spent in physical activity and sleep (up to a point) was beneficial, as was less time spent in sedentary behavior. The authors present, for the first time, evidence in GRADE format on behavior type–outcome associations for infants, toddlers, and preschoolers. Stakeholders supported all recommendations, but recommendations on sleep and screen time were not accepted by the Chief Medical Officers; UK guidelines will refer only to physical activity. Conclusions: This is the first European use of GRADE-ADOLOPMENT to develop physical activity guidelines. The process is robust, rapid, and inexpensive, but the UK experience illustrates a number of challenges that should help development of physical activity guidelines in future.

scholarly journals The Clustering of Low Diet Quality, Low Physical Fitness, and Unhealthy Sleep Pattern and Its Association with Changes in Cardiometabolic Risk Factors in Children

Nutrients ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 591
Author(s):  
Xianwen Shang ◽  
Yanping Li ◽  
Haiquan Xu ◽  
Qian Zhang ◽  
Ailing Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Diet Quality ◽  
Cardiometabolic Risk ◽  
Fasting Glucose ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Sleep Pattern ◽  
Cardiometabolic Health ◽  
Z Scores

The clustering of diet quality, physical activity, and sleep and its association with cardiometabolic risk (CMR) factors remains to be explored. We included 5315 children aged 6–13 years in the analysis. CMR score (CMRS) was computed by summing Z-scores of waist circumference, an average of systolic and diastolic blood pressure, fasting glucose, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (multiplying by −1), and triglycerides. Low diet quality and low cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) were more likely to be seen in a pair, but low diet quality was less likely to be clustered with unhealthy sleep patterns. Low diet quality, low CRF, and unhealthy sleep pattern was associated with a 0.63, 0.53, and 0.25 standard deviation (SD) higher increase in CMRS, respectively. Compared to children with no unhealthy factor (−0.79 SD), those with ≥1 unhealthy factor had a higher increase (−0.20 to 0.59 SD) in CMRS. A low diet quality-unhealthy sleep pattern resulted in the highest increase in CMRS, blood pressure, and triglycerides. A low diet quality–low CRF-unhealthy sleep pattern resulted in the highest increase in fatness and fasting glucose. Unhealthy factor cluster patterns are complex; however, their positive associations with changes in CMR factors are consistently significant in children. Some specific patterns are more harmful than others for cardiometabolic health.

Association of physical activity with arterial stiffness among Black adults

2021 ◽  
pp. 1358863X2110327
Author(s):  
Shabatun J Islam ◽  
Nour Beydoun ◽  
Anurag Mehta ◽  
Jeong Hwan Kim ◽  
Yi-An Ko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Arterial Stiffness ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Activity Levels ◽  
Linear Regression Models ◽  
Black Adults ◽  
Home Life ◽  
Premature Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Physical Activity Levels ◽  
Independent Cohort

Arterial stiffness is a precursor for the development of hypertension and premature cardiovascular disease (CVD). Physical activity has been associated with lower arterial stiffness among largely White populations, but the types of activity required and whether these findings apply to Black adults remain unknown. We examined whether physical activity levels were associated with arterial stiffness among Black adults in two independent cohorts. In the Morehouse-Emory Cardiovascular (MECA) Center for Health Equity, 378 Black adults (age 52.8 ± 10.3, 39.7% male) without known CVD living in Atlanta, GA were recruited. Arterial stiffness was measured as pulse wave velocity (PWV). Total and domain-specific physical activity were assessed by self-report. Multiple linear regression models were used to investigate differences across physical activity levels after adjusting for age, sex, CVD risk factors, and socioeconomic status. Findings were validated in an independent cohort of Black adults ( n = 55, age 50.4 ± 9.2, 23.6% male). After adjustment for covariates, lower arterial stiffness was associated with higher self-reported levels of sport/exercise (6.92 ± 1.13 vs 7.75 ± 1.14, p < 0.001, highest vs lowest quartile) and home/life activities (7.34 ± 1.24 vs 7.73 ± 1.07, p = 0.04, highest vs lowest quartile), but not work, active living, or the overall physical activity scores. These findings were replicated in the independent cohort where higher levels of sport/exercise remained associated with lower arterial stiffness (6.66 ± 0.57 vs 8.21 ± 0.66, p < 0.001, highest vs lowest quartile). Higher levels of sport/exercise and home/life-related physical activities (in comparison to occupational physical activity) are associated with lower arterial stiffness in Black adults.

Abstract P332: Socio-environmental Influences on Youth Total Sedentary Time: Results From the Hispanic Community Health Study / Study of Latino Youth

Circulation ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 137 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Melawhy L Garcia ◽  
Sheila F Castaneda ◽  
Linda C Gallo ◽  
Maria Lopez-Gurrola ◽  
Krista M Perreira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Sedentary Behavior ◽  
Sedentary Time ◽  
Latino Youth ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Health Study ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Linear Regression Models ◽  
Sampling Weights

Introduction: Sedentary behavior (SED) is associated with higher obesity and cardiometabolic risk in youth, independent of physical activity. Studies showing the association between screen time and SED among Hispanics/Latinos, have primarily focused on Mexican-origin Hispanics. Additional research is needed to examine other socio-environmental factors that can influence SED among diverse Hispanics/Latinos. This cross-sectional study examined the home-, neighborhood-, and school- environment to identify factors associated with total sedentary time among youth. Methods: Data from 1,104 youth ages 8-16 years and 728 caregivers (mean age 43.1 ± 8.2 years) from four U.S. cities, who participated in the Study of Latino Youth (2012-2014), were examined. Associations between socio-environmental factors (measured by self-report) and total sedentary time (measured by one-week Actical accelerometry) were examined in linear regression models that included MVPA minutes/day, demographic covariates, and accounted for the complex survey design and sampling weights. Results: Mean sedentary time was 10.1 ± 1.8 hours/day. Home environment factors, such as electronics in the bedroom and parent limit setting, were not associated with total sedentary time. Presence of barriers to physical activity in the neighborhood (e.g., muggings, gangs) was associated with 13.4 more minutes of sedentary time per day. Attending a school that never/rarely compared to sometimes offered after school physical activity opportunities was associated with more sedentary time (B=38.0 minutes/day; 95% Confidence Interval: 13.5-62.4). Conclusions: The study findings highlight the need for future research to investigate other sources of sedentary behavior in the home for interventionist to focus on specific SED-based strategies to decrease sedentary time among youth. Minimizing barriers by identifying safe places to be active in participant’s neighborhoods may also support youth to spend less time indoors where sedentary time is prevalent.

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