scholarly journals An Evaluation of a Simplified Impression Membrane Sampling Method for the Diagnosis of Microbial Keratitis

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (23) ◽  
pp. 5671
Author(s):  
Tobi F. Somerville ◽  
Rose Herbert ◽  
Timothy Neal ◽  
Malcolm Horsburgh ◽  
Stephen B. Kaye
Keyword(s):  
Sampling Method ◽  
Culture Method ◽  
Pathogenic Microorganisms ◽  
Microbial Keratitis ◽  
Bacterial Isolation ◽  
Isolation Rate ◽  
Cell Culture Insert ◽  
Streptococcal Species ◽  
Acanthamoeba Species ◽  
Corneal Scrape

The purpose of this study was to compare bacterial isolation rate using a corneal impression membrane (CIM) and a sharp instrument for obtaining corneal samples from patients with suspected microbial keratitis (MK). Data was retrospectively collected for all patients that had corneal samples taken for presumed MK between May 2014 and May 2020. Prior to May 2017 samples were collected by scraping the edges of the ulcer with a blade. From May 2017, samples were collected by placing a CIM (Millicell cell culture insert) against the ulcer. All corneal samples were processed using the same conventional diagnostic culture method. A total of 3099 corneal samples were included, of which 1214 (39.2%) were corneal scrapes and 1885 (60.9%) CIMs. Microorganisms were isolated from 235 (19.4%) and 1229 (65.2%) cases using a corneal scrape and CIM, respectively (p < 0.001). Of routinely described pathogenic microorganisms, there were significant increases in the isolations of S. aureus (2.4% to 11.3%) and Serratia (0.5% to 1.7%) using the CIM and no significant changes in the isolations of S. pneumoniae and P. aeruginosa. No significant differences were seen between the isolation rates of fungi or Acanthamoeba species. There was a significant increase in the isolation rates of other Streptococcal species (0.7% to 6.9%) and CNS species, specifically, S. epidermidis (2.1% to 26.2%), S. capitis (0.4% to 2.6%) and S. warneri (0.3% to 1.6%) using the CIM. The simplified CIM sampling method is an effective method for collecting corneal samples from patients with presumed MK in clinical practice.

scholarly journals Bovine tuberculosis: Diagnosis by PCR technique in bovine milk samples

2013 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
pp. 156-160
Author(s):  
Mohammed J. Alwan
Keyword(s):  
Bovine Milk ◽  
Culture Method ◽  
Bacterial Isolation ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Pcr Assay ◽  
Culture Methods ◽  
Milk Samples ◽  
Tuberculosis Diagnosis ◽  
Pcr Method ◽  
Polymerase Chain

     The aim of this study was to determine the percentage of borne tuberculin infection in milk sample by using PCR.  (102) milk samples were collected from  cows , AL-Dejella (39) samples,  AL-Suara (20) samples cow station, AL-Fthalia (20) samples,  AL-Azezia (11) samples and AL-Twarege (12) samples (Iraq) during the period  July 10th   2010 to  Nov.30th   2010. The samples were examined by direct smear stained by Ziehle-Neelson stain, culture methods and confirmed the isolates by Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) assay. The results showed that  5, 102 (4.9%) milk samples were M. bovis positive that were detected by direct milk smear method and 10 out 102(9.8%) M.bovis +ve were detected by culture method and PCR assay. The results also showed that high percentage of bacterial isolates from milk samples AL-Dejella city show (12.8%) by culturing and PCR method followed by AL-Suara (10%), AL-Fthelia (10%), Al-Twarege (8.3%) but no bacterial isolation was recorded in AL-Azezia milk samples. This study concluded that M.bovis infection was spreading in dairy cow within the mentioned areas and PCR was more sensitive, rapid, and accurate technique for M.bovis infection diagnosis.

scholarly journals Recurrent microbial keratitis and endogenous site Staphylococcus aureus colonisation

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tobi F. Somerville ◽  
Jayendra Shankar ◽  
Sarah Aldwinckle ◽  
Henri Sueke ◽  
Timothy Neal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rheumatoid Arthritis ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Recurrent Infection ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Microbial Keratitis ◽  
Isolation Rate ◽  
Single Episode ◽  
Group 3

Abstract This study investigated Staphylococcus aureus carriage in patients with microbial keratitis (MK). 215 patients with MK, 60 healthy controls and 35 patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) were included. Corneal scrapes were collected from patients with MK. Conjunctival, nasal and throat swabs were collected from the non-MK groups on a single occasion and from the MK group at presentation and then at 6 and 12 weeks. Samples were processed using conventional diagnostic culture. 68 (31.6%) episodes of clinically suspected MK were classed as recurrent. Patients with recurrent MK had a higher isolation rate of S. aureus from their cornea than those with a single episode (p < 0.01) and a higher isolation rate of S. aureus from their conjunctiva compared to control participants, 20.6% (14/68) versus 3% (5/60) respectively (p = 0.01). Significantly more patients with recurrent MK (12/68, 17.6%) were found to have S. aureus isolated from both their conjunctiva and nose than those with a single episode of MK (7/147, 4.8% p = 0.002) and compared to patients in the control group (3/60, 5.0% p = 0.03). The results indicate that patients with recurrent MK have higher rates of carriage of S. aureus suggesting endogenous site colonisation as a possible source of recurrent infection.

scholarly journals Profil penderita sepsis di ICU RSUP Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou Manadoperiode Desember 2014 – November 2015

e-CliniC ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rheza N. Tambajong ◽  
Diana C. Lalenoh ◽  
Lucky Kumaat
Keyword(s):  
Intensive Care Unit ◽  
Severe Sepsis ◽  
Intensive Care ◽  
Medical Records ◽  
Cardiac Death ◽  
Sampling Method ◽  
Geriatric Patients ◽  
Pathogenic Microorganisms ◽  
Purposive Sampling ◽  
The Past

Abstract: Sepsis (blood poisoning) is an acute and serious clinical condition due to the presence of pathogenic microorganisms or their toxins in the bloodstream. The incidence of sepsis continues to rise over the past three decades. Although the knowledge of pathophysiology and therapy has developed supported by specific antibiotic therapy, sepsis is still the main cause of non-cardiac death in Intensive Care Unit (ICU). This study was aimed to determine the profile of patients with sepsis and its classification in the ICU. This was a descriptive retrospective study. Samples were determined by using non-probability sampling method, the purposive sampling method. Samples were septic patients at ICU Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou Hospital Manado obtained from data of the medical records from December 2014 to November 2015. The results showed that there were 35 septic patients consisted of 16 males (46%) and 19 females (54%); most were geriatric patients. There were 29 patients (82.8%4 patients) diagnosed as sepsis; 4 patients (11.4%) as severe sepsis; and 2 patients (5.7%) as septic shock. Of the total 35 patients, there were 12 survivors (34.3%) and 23 deaths (65.7%)Keywords: septic patients Abstrak: Sepsis adalah kondisi klinis akut dan serius yang muncul akibat adanya mikroorganisme patogen atau toksinnya dalam aliran darah. Kejadian sepsis terus meningkat selama tiga dekade terakhir, Meskipun pemahaman patofisiologi dan terapi meningkat serta didukung oleh terapi antibiotik yang spesifik, sepsis dilaporkan tetap menjadi penyebab dari kematian non-cardiac di Intensive Care Unit (ICU). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan profil penderita sepsis dan klasifikasinya di ICU. Jenis penelitian ialah deskriptif retrospektif. Sampel penelitian ialah pasien ICU RSUP Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou Manado dengan diagnosis sepsis dan klasifikasinya diperoleh dari data di Bagian Rekam Medik periode Desember 2014 – November 2015. Besar sampel ditentukan dengan metode purposive sampling. Hasil penelitian mendapatkan total 35 sampel dengan sepsis terdiri dari 16 orang laki-laki (46%) dan 19 orang perempuan (54%); sebagian besar ialah pasien geriatri. Pasien yang didiagnosis masuk sepsis yang terbanyak yaitu 29 orang (82,8%) dibandingkan dengan diagnosis lain yaitu severe sepsis sebanyak 4 orang (11,4%) dan syok sepsis sebanyak 2 orang (5,7%). Dari ke 35 pasien dengan sepsis, 12 orang berhasil selamat (34.3%) sedangkan 23 orang meninggal (65.7%). Kata kunci: pasien sepsis

scholarly journals Reduction in Bacterial Isolation Rate with Improved Compliance for the Use of Alcohol-based Hand Rub

2020 ◽  
Vol 35 (4) ◽  
pp. 163-167
Author(s):  
Akiko MURATA ◽  
Kaoru KAWASHIMA ◽  
Eiji HATAKEYAMA ◽  
Ayaka YAMAZAKI ◽  
Katsuki MATSUMOTO ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Isolation ◽  
Isolation Rate

scholarly journals Eksplorasi Bakteri Penambat Nitrogen dari Tanah Hutan Mangrove Sungai Peniti, Kabupaten Mempawah

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kabul Santoso, Rahmawati, Rafdinal
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Cycle ◽  
Mangrove Forest ◽  
Sampling Method ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Nitrogen Fixing ◽  
Bacterial Isolation ◽  
Nitrogen Fixing Bacteria ◽  
Plate Method ◽  
West Kalimantan ◽  
Purposive Sampling

Peniti Mangrove Forest is one of the forests in West Kalimantan that has high forest productivity, thus supporting the presence of nitrogen-fixing bacteria. Nitrogen fixing bacteria is one of the nitrogen-fixing microorganisms that can bind the free nitrogen needed for the nitrogen cycle process. This study aimed to determine the types of nitrogen-fixing bacteria that can be found in the soil of Peniti mangrove forest, Mempawah Regency, West Kalimantan. Taking soil samples used a purposive sampling method. Bacterial isolation used dilution techniques and pour plate method on the Nitrogen Free Bromthymol Blue (NFB) media. The nitrogen fixing was obtained by 3 isolates of nitrogen fixing bacteria. After identification, 3 genera were obtained, namely members of the genera Azotobacter, Azospirillum, and Pseudomonas.

scholarly journals Insects as Carriers of Ralstonia solanacearum Phylotype IV on Kepok Banana Flowers in South Minahasa and Minahasa Districts

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 199-205
Author(s):  
Vivi Montong ◽  
Christina Salaki
Keyword(s):  
Population Density ◽  
Ralstonia Solanacearum ◽  
Sampling Method ◽  
Bacterial Isolates ◽  
Bacterial Isolation ◽  
Blood Disease ◽  
Insect Populations ◽  
Banana Flower ◽  
Insect Sampling ◽  
Insect Collection

The scope of this study is the management of insects that carry the cause of banana blood disease (BBD), Ralstonia solanacearum Phylotype IV. The objectives of this study are: (1) to study the diversity and density of visitor insect populations to the Kepok banana flower, and (2) to identify insects in the Kepok banana flower that act as carriers of R. solanacearum Phylotype IV, and the population density of these bacteria was carried by each insect. Sampling of banana plantations is done based on pusposive sampling method. Insect collection uses a modified insect net, and insect collection uses modified insect nets, and insects were morphologically identified. This bacterial isolation was carried out based on the spread method on NA + TZC media. Inoculation of bacterial isolates was carried out by injection method on the tip of an mature Kepok banana. Density of insects visitors banana flower per tree in South Minahasa and Minahasa regencies are as follows: Oscinella sp. (15.50 and 18.08 individuals), Aphis mellifera (0.50 and 1.58), Chelisoches morio (0.28 and 0.20 individuals, and Dolichoderus sp. (1.44 and 6.21 individuals). All insects on the Kepok banana flower in South Minahasa and Minahasa carry Ralstonia solanacearum Phylotype IV. Oscinella sp., Aphis mellifera, Chelisoches morio, and Dolichoderus sp. in both districts it brought 17,636.39 and 75,533.33 CFU / ml, 15,666.67 and 17,400.00 CFU / ml, 113.33 and 2,667.67 CFU / ml, and 2,400.00 CFU / ml and 21,133.33 CFU / ml.

Efficacy of Syringe Filtration for the Selective Isolation of Campylobacter from Chicken Carcass Rinse

2017 ◽  
Vol 80 (6) ◽  
pp. 1050-1053 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jung-Whan Chon ◽  
Hong-Seok Kim ◽  
Dong-Hyeon Kim ◽  
Young-Ji KIM ◽  
Kidon Sung ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Index ◽  
Culture Method ◽  
Lower Number ◽  
Selective Isolation ◽  
Isolation Rate ◽  
Lower Growth ◽  
Enrichment Broth ◽  
Conventional Culture ◽  
Chicken Carcass ◽  
Conventional Culture Method

ABSTRACT We investigated the efficacy of syringe filtration for selective isolation of Campylobacter from chicken carcass rinse by combining syringe filtration with the conventional culture method. Whole chicken carcass rinses were incubated in Bolton enrichment broth, set aside or subjected to syringe filtration, and streaked on Campy-Cefex agar with or without cefoperazone antibiotic supplement. Compared with the conventional method without filtration, 0.65-μm-pore-size syringe filtration resulted in a significantly higher number of Campylobacter-positive samples (23.8 to 37.5% versus 70.0 to 72.5%; P &lt; 0.05), a lower number of plates contaminated with non-Campylobacter (93.8% versus 6.3 to 26.3%), and a lower growth index (1 = growth of a few colonies; 2 = growth of colonies on about half of the plate; and 3 = growth on most of the plate) for competing microbiota (2.9 to 3.0 versus 1.2 to 1.4). When syringe filtration was applied, agar plates containing the antibiotic had significantly less contamination (6.3% versus 26.3%; P &lt; 0.05) and a lower growth index (1.2 versus 1.4) compared with plates without the antibiotic, although the Campylobacter isolation rate was similar (P &gt; 0.05). Syringe filtration combined with conventional enrichment improved the rate and selectivity of Campylobacter isolation from chicken carcasses.

Detection of group B Streptococcus (GBS) in pregnant women by SYBR Green real-time PCR

2018 ◽  
pp. 68-73
Author(s):  
Thi Phuc Loc Nguyen ◽  
Hoang Bach Nguyen ◽  
Van An Le ◽  
Thi Chau Anh Nguyen
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Streptococcus Agalactiae ◽  
Real Time Pcr ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Culture Method ◽  
Sybr Green ◽  
Bacterial Isolation ◽  
Isolation Methods ◽  
Pcr Method

Objectives: Application of SYBR Green real-time PCR and bacterial isolation methods to detect Streptococcus agalactiae (GBS) carriage in women at 35-37 weeks’ gestation. Patients and Method: Use of SYBR Green real-time PCR and bacterial isolation methods to detect GBS in 116 women at 35 - 37 weeks’ gestation. Results: The rate of carrier of GBS in women at 35 - 37 weeks gestation was 9.5% (11 pregnant women), in which real-time PCR method was positive in all positive GBS women, while bacterial culture method was positive at 6% (7 pregnant women). These methods (culture and real-time PCR) had substantial agreement with the value of Kappa is 0,77. Checking for the targeted sequence amplification of real-time PCR by the curve of melting temperature and agarose electrophoresis of amplified product, the real-time PCR product was correctly targeted at the expected genetic sequence. Conclusion: SYBR Green real-time PCR method for detecting GBS in pregnant women is useful, low-cost and easy for performing. Therefore, it is suitable for detecting GBS in diagnostic laboratories where real-time PCRs are available. Key words: Streptococcus agalactiae (GBS), real-time PCR, pregnant woman

Automated cell counting of astrocytes on patterned substrates containing aliphatic and charged properties

1995 ◽  
Vol 53 ◽  
pp. 974-975
Author(s):  
W. Shain ◽  
H. Ancin ◽  
H.C. Craighead ◽  
M. Isaacson ◽  
L. Kam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Culture ◽  
Cell Attachment ◽  
Culture Method ◽  
Cell Counting ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
Nuclear Staining ◽  
Double Positive ◽  
A Cell ◽  
Wafer Test ◽  
Cell Densities

Neural protheses have potential to restore nervous system functions lost by trauma or disease. Nanofabrication extends this approach to implants for stimulating and recording from single or small groups of neurons in the spinal cord and brain; however, tissue compatibility is a major limitation to their practical application. We are using a cell culture method for quantitatively measuring cell attachment to surfaces designed for nanofabricated neural prostheses.Silicon wafer test surfaces composed of 50-μm bars separated by aliphatic regions were fabricated using methods similar to a procedure described by Kleinfeld et al. Test surfaces contained either a single or double positive charge/residue. Cyanine dyes (diIC18(3)) stained the background and cell membranes (Fig 1); however, identification of individual cells at higher densities was difficult (Fig 2). Nuclear staining with acriflavine allowed discrimination of individual cells and permitted automated counting of nuclei using 3-D data sets from the confocal microscope (Fig 3). For cell attachment assays, LRM5 5 astroglial cells and astrocytes in primary cell culture were plated at increasing cell densities on test substrates, incubated for 24 hr, fixed, stained, mounted on coverslips, and imaged with a 10x objective.

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