scholarly journals Sleep Problems in Chronic Inflammatory Diseases: Prevalence, Treatment, and New Perspectives: A Narrative Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 67
Author(s):  
Marta Ditmer ◽  
Agata Gabryelska ◽  
Szymon Turkiewicz ◽  
Piotr Białasiewicz ◽  
Ewa Małecka-Wojciesko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sleep Disorders ◽  
Sleep Problems ◽  
Inflammatory Diseases ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Current Treatment ◽  
Exact Relation ◽  
Disease Symptoms ◽  
Chronic Inflammatory Diseases ◽  
Proper Diagnosis ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel

Epidemiological studies have shown that individuals with sleep problems are at a greater risk of developing immune and chronic inflammatory diseases. As sleep disorders and low sleep quality in the general population are frequent ailments, it seems important to recognize them as serious public health problems. The exact relation between immunity and sleep remains elusive; however, it might be suspected that it is shaped by others stress and alterations of the circadian rhythm (commonly caused by for example shift work). As studies show, drugs used in the therapy of chronic inflammatory diseases, such as steroids or monoclonal antibodies, also influence sleep in more complex ways than those resulting from attenuation of the disease symptoms. Interestingly, the relation between sleep and immunity appears to be bidirectional; that is, sleep may influence the course of immune diseases, such as inflammatory bowel disease. Thus, proper diagnosis and treatment of sleep disorders are vital to the patient’s immune status and, in effect, health. This review examines the epidemiology of sleep disorders and immune diseases, the associations between them, and their current treatment and novel perspectives in therapy.

scholarly journals Effects of Anti-Cytokine Antibodies on Gut Barrier Function

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fang Liu ◽  
Seul A. Lee ◽  
Stephen M. Riordan ◽  
Li Zhang ◽  
Lixin Zhu
Keyword(s):  
Inflammatory Bowel Disease ◽  
Bowel Disease ◽  
Barrier Function ◽  
Inflammatory Diseases ◽  
Immunomodulatory Effects ◽  
Gut Barrier ◽  
Barrier Integrity ◽  
Chronic Inflammatory Diseases ◽  
Gut Barrier Function ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel

Anti-cytokine antibodies are used in treating chronic inflammatory diseases and autoimmune diseases such as inflammatory bowel disease and rheumatic diseases. Patients with these diseases often have a compromised gut barrier function, suggesting that anti-cytokine antibodies may contribute to the re-establishment of gut barrier integrity, in addition to their immunomodulatory effects. This paper reviews the effects of anti-cytokine antibodies on gut barrier function and their mechanisms.

scholarly journals Health Implications of High Dietary Omega-6 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Patterson ◽  
R. Wall ◽  
G. F. Fitzgerald ◽  
R. P. Ross ◽  
C. Stanton
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Inflammatory Diseases ◽  
Lipid Mediator ◽  
Omega 3 ◽  
Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver ◽  
Chronic Inflammatory Diseases ◽  
Signalling Molecules ◽  
Omega 6 ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel

Omega-6 (n-6) polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) (e.g., arachidonic acid (AA)) and omega-3 (n-3) PUFA (e.g., eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA)) are precursors to potent lipid mediator signalling molecules, termed “eicosanoids,” which have important roles in the regulation of inflammation. In general, eicosanoids derived from n-6 PUFA are proinflammatory while eicosanoids derived from n-3 PUFA are anti-inflammatory. Dietary changes over the past few decades in the intake of n-6 and n-3 PUFA show striking increases in the (n-6) to (n-3) ratio (~15 : 1), which are associated with greater metabolism of the n-6 PUFA compared with n-3 PUFA. Coinciding with this increase in the ratio of (n-6) : (n-3) PUFA are increases in chronic inflammatory diseases such as nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), cardiovascular disease, obesity, inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), rheumatoid arthritis, and Alzheimer's disease (AD). By increasing the ratio of (n-3) : (n-6) PUFA in the Western diet, reductions may be achieved in the incidence of these chronic inflammatory diseases.

scholarly journals Cross-tissue, single-cell stromal atlas identifies shared pathological fibroblast phenotypes in four chronic inflammatory diseases

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ilya Korsunsky ◽  
Kevin Wei ◽  
Mathilde Pohin ◽  
Edy Y. Kim ◽  
Francesca Barone ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rheumatoid Arthritis ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel Disease ◽  
Single Cell ◽  
Intestinal Inflammation ◽  
Inflammatory Diseases ◽  
Chronic Inflammatory Disease ◽  
Chronic Inflammatory Diseases ◽  
Single Cell Rna Sequencing ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel ◽  
Novel Therapeutic

SummaryPro-inflammatory fibroblasts are critical to pathogenesis in rheumatoid arthritis, inflammatory bowel disease, interstitial lung disease, and Sjögren’s syndrome, and represent a novel therapeutic target for chronic inflammatory disease. However, the heterogeneity of fibroblast phenotypes, exacerbated by the lack of a common cross-tissue taxonomy, has limited the understanding of which pathways are shared by multiple diseases. To investigate, we profiled patient-derived fibroblasts from inflamed and non-inflamed synovium, intestine, lung, and salivary glands with single-cell RNA-sequencing. We integrated all fibroblasts into a multi-tissue atlas to characterize shared and tissue-specific phenotypes. Two shared clusters, CXCL10+CCL19+ immune-interacting and SPARC+COL3A1+ vascular-interacting fibroblasts were expanded in all inflamed tissues and additionally mapped to dermal analogues in a public atopic dermatitis atlas. We further confirmed these human pro-inflammatory fibroblasts in animal models of lung, joint, and intestinal inflammation. This work represents the first cross-tissue, single-cell fibroblast atlas revealing shared pathogenic activation states across four chronic inflammatory diseases.

scholarly journals Retinoic Acid-Containing Liposomes for the Induction of Antigen-Specific Regulatory T Cells as a Treatment for Autoimmune Diseases

Pharmaceutics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (11) ◽  
pp. 1949
Author(s):  
Daniëlle ter Braake ◽  
Naomi Benne ◽  
Chun Yin Jerry Lau ◽  
Enrico Mastrobattista ◽  
Femke Broere
Keyword(s):  
Retinoic Acid ◽  
Side Effects ◽  
Inflammatory Diseases ◽  
Current Treatment ◽  
Chronic Inflammatory Diseases ◽  
All Trans Retinoic Acid ◽  
Tolerogenic Dendritic Cells ◽  
Systemic Side Effects ◽  
Targeted Approach

The current treatment of autoimmune and chronic inflammatory diseases entails systemic immune suppression, which is associated with increased susceptibility to infections. To restore immune tolerance and reduce systemic side effects, a targeted approach using tolerogenic dendritic cells (tolDCs) is being explored. TolDCs are characterized by the expression of CD11c, the major histocompatibility complex (MHC)II and low levels of co-stimulatory molecules CD40 and CD86. In this study, tolDCs were generated using a human-proteoglycan-derived peptide (hPG) and all-trans retinoic acid (RA). RA-tolDCs not only display a tolerogenic phenotype but also can induce an antigen-specific regulatory T cell (Treg) response in vitro. However, further analysis showed that RA-tolDCs make up a heterogeneous population of DCs, with only a small proportion being antigen-associated tolDCs. To increase the homogeneity of this population, 1,2-distearoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoglycerol (DSPG)-containing liposomes were used to encapsulate the relevant antigen together with RA. These liposomes greatly enhanced the proportion of antigen-associated tolDCs in culture. In addition, in mice, we showed that the liposomal co-delivery of antigen and RA can be a more targeted approach to induce antigen-specific tolerance compared to the injection of RA-tolDCs, and that these liposomes can stimulate the generation of antigen-specific Tregs. This work highlights the importance of the co-delivery of an antigen and immunomodulator to minimize off-target effects and systemic side effects and provides new insights in the use of RA for antigen-specific immunotherapy for autoimmune and chronic inflammatory diseases.

scholarly journals Corticosteroid-insensitive asthma: molecular mechanisms

2003 ◽  
Vol 178 (3) ◽  
pp. 347-355 ◽  
Author(s):  
IM Adcock ◽  
SJ Lane
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Inflammatory Diseases ◽  
Alternative Therapies ◽  
Chronic Inflammatory Diseases ◽  
Asthmatic Patients ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel ◽  
Therapeutic Problem ◽  
Care Costs ◽  
Corticosteroid Response ◽  
Insight Into

Corticosteroids are the most potent anti-inflammatory agents used to treat chronic inflammatory diseases such as bronchial asthma. However, there are a small number (<5%) of asthmatic patients who do not respond well, or at all, to corticosteroid therapy - the corticosteroid-resistant and corticosteroid-dependent patients. Although this phenomenon is relatively uncommon, it poses a difficult therapeutic problem because few alternative therapies are available and these patients account for >50% of the health care costs of asthma. If the mechanisms for corticosteroid insensitivity are understood they may, in turn, provide insight into the key mechanism of corticosteroid action and allow a rational way to treat these individuals whose disease tends to be severe. Corticosteroid insensitivity is not limited to asthma and is a feature of other inflammatory diseases, such as rheumatoid arthritis and inflammatory bowel disease. Thus, elucidation of the cause for the relative lack of corticosteroid response in this subgroup of asthmatic individuals may have important implications for other diseases.

Long term azathioprine fails to prevent onset of multiple sclerosis: report of two cases

2000 ◽  
Vol 6 (5) ◽  
pp. 362-363 ◽  
Author(s):  
C S Constantinescu ◽  
A Whiteley ◽  
L D Blumhardt
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel Disease ◽  
Bowel Disease ◽  
Inflammatory Diseases ◽  
Immunosuppressive Drug ◽  
Chronic Inflammatory Diseases ◽  
Definite Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Clinically Definite Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel

Azathioprine is an immunosuppressive drug widely used in the treatment of chronic inflammatory diseases, including Multiple Sclerosis (MS). We report two patients who developed the first manifestations of clinically definite multiple sclerosis while on long term (3.5 and 10 years, respectively) treatment with azathioprine for Crohn's disease. Both patients developed the first MS symptoms during a quiescent phase of their inflammatory bowel disease. These cases show that long term azathioprine, while possibly maintaining inflammatory bowel disease under control, could not prevent the onset of MS.

scholarly journals Health Promoting Effects of Phytochemicals from Brassicaceae: A Review

2013 ◽  
Vol 1 (03) ◽  
pp. 120-131 ◽  
Author(s):  
Savinder Kaur Mann ◽  
Namita Khanna
Keyword(s):  
Fruits And Vegetables ◽  
Inflammatory Diseases ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Natural Antioxidants ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Potential Treatment ◽  
Chronic Inflammatory Diseases ◽  
The Past ◽  
Disease States ◽  
Health Promoting

Over the past several years, natural antioxidants have attracted considerable interest as potential treatment for a wide variety of disease states, including cancer and other causes e.g. chronic inflammatory diseases and aging. Therefore, plant derived antioxidants are now receiving a special attention as they possess good antioxidant properties and hence a worldwide trend towards the use of natural phytochemicals present in fruits and vegetables have been reported. Numerous epidemiological studies indicate that consumption of cruciferous vegetables is associated with prevention of cardiovascular diseases and reduced incidence of cancers of the gastrointestinal tract and other sites. The substances that seem to be responsible for these properties are phenolic compounds (phenolic acids, flavonoids, polyphenols etc.) and sulphur-containing organic compound glucosinolates and their derived products. The present review focuses on the health promoting effects of phytochemicals and their beneficial bioactivities in Brassicaceae.

scholarly journals The protein C pathway in tissue inflammation and injury: pathogenic role and therapeutic implications

Blood ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 115 (6) ◽  
pp. 1121-1130 ◽  
Author(s):  
Silvio Danese ◽  
Stefania Vetrano ◽  
Li Zhang ◽  
Victoria A. Poplis ◽  
Francis J. Castellino
Keyword(s):  
Inflammatory Bowel Disease ◽  
Innate Immunity ◽  
Bowel Disease ◽  
Protein C ◽  
Inflammatory Diseases ◽  
Pathogenic Role ◽  
Chronic Inflammatory Diseases ◽  
Therapeutic Implications ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel ◽  
Cellular Components

Abstract Inflammation and coagulation are closely linked interdependent processes. Under physiologic conditions, the tissue microcirculation functions in anticoagulant and anti-inflammatory fashions. However, when inflammation occurs, coagulation is also set in motion and actively participates in enhancing inflammation. Recently, novel and unexpected roles of hemostasis in the humoral and cellular components of innate immunity have been described. In particular, the protein C system, besides its well-recognized role in anticoagulation, plays a crucial role in inflammation. Indeed, the protein C system is now emerging as a novel participant in the pathogenesis of acute and chronic inflammatory diseases, such as sepsis, asthma, inflammatory bowel disease, atherosclerosis, and lung and heart inflammation, and may emerge as unexpected therapeutic targets for intervention.

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