scholarly journals Oil Spill Modeling: A Critical Review on Current Trends, Perspectives, and Challenges

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 181
Author(s):  
Panagiota Keramea ◽  
Katerina Spanoudaki ◽  
George Zodiatis ◽  
Georgios Gikas ◽  
Georgios Sylaios
Keyword(s):  
Oil Spill ◽  
Oil Spills ◽  
Numerical Models ◽  
Vertical Mixing ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Simulation Models ◽  
Weathering Processes ◽  
Marine Traffic ◽  
Oil Spill Modeling ◽  
New Generation

Several oil spill simulation models exist in the literature, which are used worldwide to simulate the evolution of an oil slick created from marine traffic, petroleum production, or other sources. These models may range from simple parametric calculations to advanced, new-generation, operational, three-dimensional numerical models, coupled to meteorological, hydrodynamic, and wave models, forecasting in high-resolution and with high precision the transport and fate of oil. This study presents a review of the transport and oil weathering processes and their parameterization and critically examines eighteen state-of-the-art oil spill models in terms of their capacity (a) to simulate these processes, (b) to consider oil released from surface or submerged sources, (c) to assimilate real-time field data for model initiation and forcing, and (d) to assess uncertainty in the produced predictions. Based on our review, the most common oil weathering processes involved are spreading, advection, diffusion, evaporation, emulsification, and dispersion. The majority of existing oil spill models do not consider significant physical processes, such as oil dissolution, photo-oxidation, biodegradation, and vertical mixing. Moreover, timely response to oil spills is lacking in the new generation of oil spill models. Further improvements in oil spill modeling should emphasize more comprehensive parametrization of oil dissolution, biodegradation, entrainment, and prediction of oil particles size distribution following wave action and well blow outs.

An Oil Spill and Response Activities Scenarios After the Fuel Tank Seepage in a Port: Haydarpasa Port Case Study

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aysun Koroglu ◽  
M. Sedat Kabdasli
Keyword(s):  
Stochastic Model ◽  
Oil Spill ◽  
Oil Spills ◽  
Numerical Models ◽  
Fuel Tank ◽  
Emergency Plan ◽  
Numerical Studies ◽  
Modeling Systems ◽  
Oil Spill Modeling

Oil spills due to the marine related facilities have been accepted as human sourced catastrophes. The cleanup and recovery from oil spills are generally modeled with the help of numerical models. The type of oil spilled, the water temperature, the dominant winds and currents, and the types of shorelines involved are used as the key parameters of the oil spill modeling systems. The numerical studies are efficiently used to predict the fate of released oil and the containment methods. In this study, several scenarios for the recovery from the oil spill are modeled in Haydarpasa Port as a case study. Haydarpasa port, which is located on the Anatolian side of Bosporus in Istanbul, serves a hinterland for the most industrialized area of Turkey. Both the oil spill and the response activities scenarios are modeled using OILMAP™ Version 6.1. Surface Trajectory Model and the Stochastic Model for seepage from the fuel tank for varying spill duration periods and for the same environmental conditions. In this study, seepage from a fuel tank and the most efficient response activity in a port are modeled as an emergency plan in Haydarpasa port as a case study.

scholarly journals A Review of River Oil Spill Modeling

Water ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (12) ◽  
pp. 1620
Author(s):  
Davor Kvočka ◽  
Dušan Žagar ◽  
Primož Banovec
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Oil Spill ◽  
Oil Spills ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Detection Techniques ◽  
Weathering Processes ◽  
Advection Dispersion ◽  
Oil Spill Modeling ◽  
Remote Sensing Systems ◽  
Offshore Oil

River oil spills are generally more frequent and pose greater environmental and public health risk than coastal and offshore oil spills. However, the river oil spill research has received a negligible amount of academic attention in the past three decades, while at the same time the coastal and offshore oil spill research has expanded and evolved tremendously. This paper provides the state-of-the-art review of river oil spill modeling and summarizes the developments in the field from 1994 to present. The review has revealed that the majority of the gaps in knowledge still remain. Thus, there is a need for (i) experimental studies in order to develop and validate new models and better understand the main physicochemical processes, (ii) studies on inter-linking of the governing processes, such as hydrodynamics, advection–dispersion, and weathering processes, (iii) adaptation and validation of coastal and offshore oil spill models for applications in riverine environments, and (iv) development of river oil spill remote sensing systems and detection techniques. Finally, there is a need to more actively promote the importance of river oil spill research and modeling in the context of environmental and public health protection, which would form the basis for obtaining more research funding and thus more academic attention.

Vertical mixing in oil spill modeling

2021 ◽  
pp. 97-143
Author(s):  
Tor Nordam ◽  
Jørgen Skancke ◽  
Rodrigo Duran ◽  
Christopher H. Barker
Keyword(s):  
Oil Spill ◽  
Vertical Mixing ◽  
Oil Spill Modeling

scholarly journals Predicting the impact of future oil-spill closures on fishery-dependent communities—a spatially explicit approach

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Igal Berenshtein ◽  
Shay O’Farrell ◽  
Natalie Perlin ◽  
James N Sanchirico ◽  
Steven A Murawski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oil Spill ◽  
Oil Spills ◽  
Transport Model ◽  
Gulf Coast ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Management Tool ◽  
Spatially Explicit ◽  
Oil Transport ◽  
Fishing Fleets ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Major oil spills immensely impact the environment and society. Coastal fishery-dependent communities are especially at risk as their fishing grounds are susceptible to closure because of seafood contamination threat. During the Deepwater Horizon (DWH) disaster for example, vast areas of the Gulf of Mexico (GoM) were closed for fishing, resulting in coastal states losing up to a half of their fishery revenues. To predict the effect of future oil spills on fishery-dependent communities in the GoM, we develop a novel framework that combines a state-of-the-art three-dimensional oil-transport model with high-resolution spatial and temporal data for two fishing fleets—bottom longline and bandit-reel—along with data on the social vulnerability of coastal communities. We demonstrate our approach by simulating spills in the eastern and western GoM, calibrated to characteristics of the DWH spill. We find that the impacts of the eastern and western spills are strongest in the Florida and Texas Gulf coast counties respectively both for the bandit-reel and the bottom longline fleets. We conclude that this multimodal spatially explicit quantitative framework is a valuable management tool for predicting the consequences of oil spills at locations throughout the Gulf, facilitating preparedness and efficient resource allocation for future oil-spill events.

scholarly journals Using Poisson Disk Sampling to Render Oil Particles at Sea

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 (4) ◽  
pp. 31-46
Author(s):  
Vancuong Do ◽  
Hongxiang Ren
Keyword(s):  
Oil Spill ◽  
Oil Spills ◽  
Dimensional Space ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Fluid Simulation ◽  
Oil Film ◽  
Solid Objects ◽  
Marching Cube Algorithm ◽  
Dimensional Simulation ◽  
Oil Particles

Fluid simulation is one of the most complex tasks in three-dimensional simulation. Specifically, in the case of oil spills at sea, the oil film constantly interacts and is influenced by the environment, thus making its composition and properties change over time. In this paper, we tackle this problem by using both Lehr's spreading model and Hoult's drifting model to build the oil spill physical model. Unlike previous studies that only applied the Poisson disk algorithm to static and solid objects, we applied it in a three-dimensional space to divide the oil film into fluid particles. The track of oil particles under the influence of waves, wind, and currents is rendered by the Unity3D tool with C# programming language, which vividly and realistically simulates the collision of oil particles on the ocean scene with obstacles such as buoys and small islands. The result of this research can be used to predict oil spill direction, thus providing the solution to respond and minimize the damage caused by oil spills at sea. We also discuss some improvements to our model by using the Marching cube algorithm to render the Metaball model.

scholarly journals AN INTEGRATED MODELING APPROACH FOR SIMULATING OIL SPILL AT THE STRAIT OF BOHAI SEA

2012 ◽  
Vol 1 (33) ◽  
pp. 33 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jinhua Wang ◽  
Jinshan Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Oil Spill ◽  
Bohai Sea ◽  
Oil Spills ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Coupling Model ◽  
Temporal Variations ◽  
Oil Viscosity ◽  
Vertical Diffusion ◽  
Particle Tracking Method ◽  
Oil Particles

A three–dimensional integrated model is developed for simulating oil spills transport and fate in seas. The model contains two main modules, flow and transport-fate module. The transport module uses an unstructured finite volume wave-current coupling model, giving a more accurate result compared to structured model, especially for a region has a complex coastline. In the transport-fate module the oil dispersion is solved using a particle-tracking method. Horizontal diffusion is simulated using a random walk techniques in a Monte Carlo framework while vertical diffusion process is solved based on the Langeven equation. The model simulates the most significant processes which affect the motion of oil particles, such as: advection, surface spreading, evaporation, dissolution, emulsification, and turbulent diffusion, the interaction of the oil particles with the shoreline, sedimentation and the temporal variations of oil viscosity, density, and surface-tension. This model has been applied to simulate the oil spill accident at the strait of Bohai Sea. In comparison with the observations, the numerical results indicate that the model is reasonably accurate.

scholarly journals The effect of vertical mixing on the horizontal drift of oil spills

Ocean Science ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 14 (6) ◽  
pp. 1581-1601 ◽  
Author(s):  
Johannes Röhrs ◽  
Knut-Frode Dagestad ◽  
Helene Asbjørnsen ◽  
Tor Nordam ◽  
Jørgen Skancke ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Column ◽  
Oil Spill ◽  
Oil Spills ◽  
Vertical Mixing ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Model Simulations ◽  
Horizontal Transport ◽  
Crucial Component ◽  
Drift Behavior ◽  
A Chain

Abstract. Vertical and horizontal transport mechanisms for marine oil spills are investigated using numerical model simulations. To realistically resolve the 3-D development of a spill on the ocean surface and in the water column, recently published parameterizations for the vertical mixing of oil spills are implemented in the open-source trajectory framework OpenDrift (https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.1300358, last access: 7 April 2018). The parameterizations include the wave entrainment of oil, two alternative formulations for the droplet size spectra, and turbulent mixing. The performance of the integrated oil spill model is evaluated by comparing model simulations with airborne observations of an oil slick. The results show that an accurate description of a chain of physical processes, in particular vertical mixing and oil weathering, is needed to represent the horizontal spreading of the oil spill. Using ensembles of simulations of hypothetic oil spills, the general drift behavior of an oil spill during the first 10 days after initial spillage is evaluated in relation to how vertical processes control the horizontal transport. Transport of oil between the surface slick and the water column is identified as a crucial component affecting the horizontal transport of oil spills. The vertical processes are shown to control differences in the drift of various types of oil and in various weather conditions.

scholarly journals The effect of vertical mixing on the horizontal drift of oil spills

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Johannes Röhrs ◽  
Knut-Frode Dagestad ◽  
Helene Asbjørnsen ◽  
Tor Nordam ◽  
Jørgen Skancke ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oil Spill ◽  
Oil Spills ◽  
Vertical Mixing ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Size Spectra ◽  
Model Simulations ◽  
Horizontal Transport ◽  
Crucial Component ◽  
Drift Behavior ◽  
A Chain

Abstract. Vertical and horizontal transport mechanisms of marine oil spills are investigated using numerical model simulations. To realistically resolve the 3D-development of a spill on the ocean surface and in the water column, recently published parameterizations for the vertical mixing of oil spills are implemented in the open source trajectory framework OpenDrift1. These encompass the wave-entrainment of oil, two alternative formulations for the droplet size spectra, and turbulent mixing. The performance of the integrated oil spill model is evaluated by comparing model simulations with airborne observations of an oil slick. The results show that an accurate description of a chain of physical processes, in particular vertical mixing and oil weathering, is needed to represent the horizontal spreading of the oil spill. Using ensembles of simulations of hypothetic oil spills, the general drift behavior of an oil spill during the first 10 days after initial spillage is evaluated in relation to how vertical processes control the horizontal transport. Vertical mixing of oil between the surface slick and entrained oil is identified as a crucial component affecting the horizontal transport of oil spills. The vertical processes are shown to control differences in the drift of various types of oil and in various weather conditions. 1 https://github.com/opendrift/opendrift

INTEGRATED HYDRODYNAMIC-OIL SPILL MODELING IN COASTAL WATERWAYS USING SPILLSIM

1995 ◽  
Vol 1995 (1) ◽  
pp. 913-916 ◽  
Author(s):  
Donald, O. Hodgins ◽  
Ruben Solis ◽  
Robert Martin
Keyword(s):  
Oil Spill ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Galveston Bay ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Hydrodynamic Models ◽  
Strait Of Georgia ◽  
Oil Spill Modeling ◽  
Juan De Fuca ◽  
Dimensional Finite Element ◽  
Juan De Fuca Strait

ABSTRACT In estuaries and coastal waterways oil spill models must be coupled with hydrodynamic models to give accurate slick predictions. Two case studies show how the UNIX-based SPILLSIM model can be used to advantage with either two-dimensional finite-element current models (Galveston Bay) or three-dimensional current models (Juan de Fuca-Strait of Georgia waterway).

scholarly journals An Operational Marine Oil Spill Forecasting Tool for the Management of Emergencies in the Italian Seas

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alberto Ribotti ◽  
Fabio Antognarelli ◽  
Andrea Cucco ◽  
Marcello Falcieri ◽  
Leopoldo Fazioli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oil Spill ◽  
Adriatic Sea ◽  
Oil Spills ◽  
Spatial Scales ◽  
Oil Fields ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Weathering Processes ◽  
Oil Platforms ◽  
Forecasting System ◽  
Set Up

Oil extraction platforms are potential sources of oil spills. For this reason, an oil spill forecasting system was set up to support the management of emergencies from the oil fields in the Italian seas. The system provides ready-to-use products to the relevant response agencies and optimizes the anti-pollution resources by assessing hazards and risks related to this issue. The forecasting system covers seven working oil platforms in the Sicily Channel and middle/low Adriatic Sea. It is composed of a numerical chain involving nested ocean models from regional to coastal spatial scales and an oil spill model. The system provides two online services, one automatic and a second dedicated to possible real emergencies or exercises on risk preparedness and responding. The automatic service produces daily short-term simulations of hypothetical oil spill dispersion, transport, and weathering processes from each extraction platform. Products, i.e., risk maps, animations, and a properly called bulletin, are available on a dedicated web-portal. The hazard estimations are computed by performing geo-statistical analysis on the daily forecasts database. The second service is activated in near-real-time producing oil spill simulations for the following 48 h.

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